2018-10-14 07:50:55 +08:00
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# Omi 4.0 - 合一
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2018-10-13 22:55:38 +08:00
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> 下一代 Web 框架,去万物糟粕,合精华为一。
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2018-05-03 10:46:34 +08:00
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2018-10-13 22:56:53 +08:00
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### 特性
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2018-05-03 10:46:34 +08:00
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2018-10-13 22:55:38 +08:00
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- 0.5 KB 的代码尺寸,比小更小
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2018-10-14 07:59:35 +08:00
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- 顺势而为,顺从浏览器的发展和 API 设计
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2018-10-13 22:55:38 +08:00
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- Webcomponents + JSX 相互融合为一个框架 Omi
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2018-10-14 21:39:17 +08:00
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- JSX 是开发体验最棒(智能提示)、[语法噪音最少](https://github.com/facebook/jsx#why-not-template-literals)的 UI 表达式
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2018-10-13 22:55:38 +08:00
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- 每一个组件拥有 update 方法自由渲染最佳更新视图的时机,功耗低,自由度高,性能卓越
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- 局部 CSS 最佳解决方案(Shadow DOM),社区为局部 CSS 折腾了不少框架,Shadow DOM Style 是最完美的方案
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2018-10-14 21:41:20 +08:00
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- 类似 WeStore 体系,99.9% 的项目不需要什么时间旅行,也不仅仅 redux 能时间旅行,请不要上来就 redux,Omi store 体系可以满足所有项目
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2018-10-14 07:58:13 +08:00
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- 看看[Facebook React 和 Web Components对比优势](https://www.cnblogs.com/rubylouvre/p/4072979.html),Omi 融合了各自的优点,而且给开发者自由的选择喜爱的方式
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2017-03-09 16:26:06 +08:00
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2018-10-14 14:05:06 +08:00
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对比同样开发 TodoApp, Omi 和 React 渲染完的 DOM 结构:
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2018-10-14 14:02:19 +08:00
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2018-10-14 14:05:06 +08:00
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![](./assets/omi-render.jpg) ![](./assets/react-render.jpg)
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2018-10-14 16:39:50 +08:00
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左边是Omi,右边是 React,Omi 使用 Shadow DOM 隔离样式和语义化结构。
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2018-10-14 14:02:19 +08:00
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2018-05-03 10:46:34 +08:00
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---
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2017-03-23 07:53:17 +08:00
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2018-05-03 10:46:34 +08:00
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- [Getting Started](#getting-started)
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- [Hello Omi](#hello-omi)
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2018-10-14 21:33:46 +08:00
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- [TodoApp](#todoapp)
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- [Store](#store)
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2018-05-03 10:46:34 +08:00
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- [Lifecycle](#lifecycle)
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- [Install](#install)
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- [Links](#links)
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- [License](#license)
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## Getting Started
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### Hello Omi
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2017-03-23 07:53:17 +08:00
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2018-10-13 22:55:38 +08:00
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先创建一个自定义元素:
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2018-02-25 16:06:09 +08:00
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2018-10-13 22:55:38 +08:00
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```js
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2018-10-14 17:22:38 +08:00
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import { WeElement, define } from 'omi'
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2018-05-03 10:46:34 +08:00
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2018-10-13 22:55:38 +08:00
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class HelloElement extends WeElement {
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2018-10-14 07:50:55 +08:00
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static get props(){
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2018-10-14 09:24:19 +08:00
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//如果不写入就无法监听到属性变更且自动刷新视图
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return ['prop-from-parent', 'msg']
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2018-02-25 16:06:09 +08:00
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}
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2018-10-13 22:55:38 +08:00
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onClick = (evt) => {
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2018-10-14 07:50:55 +08:00
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//trigger CustomEvent
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this.fire('abc', { name : 'dntzhang', age: 12 })
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2018-10-13 22:55:38 +08:00
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evt.stopPropagation()
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2018-02-25 16:06:09 +08:00
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}
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2018-10-13 22:55:38 +08:00
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css() {
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return `
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div{
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color: red;
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2018-10-14 07:50:55 +08:00
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cursor: pointer;
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2018-10-13 22:55:38 +08:00
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}`
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2018-02-25 16:06:09 +08:00
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}
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2018-10-14 07:50:55 +08:00
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render(props) {
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2018-10-13 22:55:38 +08:00
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return (
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<div onClick={this.onClick}>
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2018-10-14 07:50:55 +08:00
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Hello {props.msg} {props.propFromParent}
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<div>Click Me!</div>
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2018-10-13 22:55:38 +08:00
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</div>
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)
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}
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}
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2018-10-14 17:22:38 +08:00
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define('hello-element', HelloElement)
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2018-10-13 22:55:38 +08:00
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```
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使用该元素:
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``` js
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2018-10-14 17:22:38 +08:00
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import { render, WeElement, define } from 'omi'
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2018-10-13 22:55:38 +08:00
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import './hello-element'
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class MyApp extends WeElement {
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2018-10-14 17:06:50 +08:00
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static get data() {
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return { abc: '', passToChild: '' }
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}
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2018-10-14 07:50:55 +08:00
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2018-10-14 17:06:50 +08:00
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//bind CustomEvent
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2018-10-14 07:50:55 +08:00
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onAbc = (evt) => {
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2018-10-14 17:06:50 +08:00
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// get evt data by evt.detail
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2018-10-14 07:50:55 +08:00
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this.data.abc = ' by ' + evt.detail.name
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this.update()
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}
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2018-10-13 22:55:38 +08:00
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css() {
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return `
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div{
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color: green;
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}`
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2018-09-14 14:55:26 +08:00
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}
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2018-10-13 22:55:38 +08:00
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2018-10-14 07:50:55 +08:00
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render(props, data) {
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2018-05-03 10:46:34 +08:00
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return (
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2018-10-14 14:02:19 +08:00
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<div>
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2018-10-14 07:50:55 +08:00
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Hello {props.name} {data.abc}
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<hello-element onAbc={this.onAbc} prop-from-parent={data.passToChild} msg="WeElement"></hello-element>
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2018-10-13 22:55:38 +08:00
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</div>
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)
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2018-02-25 16:06:09 +08:00
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}
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}
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2017-03-23 07:53:17 +08:00
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2018-10-14 17:22:38 +08:00
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define('my-app', MyApp)
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2018-10-13 22:55:38 +08:00
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2018-10-14 07:50:55 +08:00
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render(<my-app name='Omi v4.0'></my-app>, 'body')
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2018-10-13 22:55:38 +08:00
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```
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2018-02-25 16:06:09 +08:00
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2018-10-14 09:15:21 +08:00
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告诉 Babel 把 JSX 转化成 Omi.h() 的调用:
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2018-02-25 16:06:09 +08:00
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2018-05-03 10:46:34 +08:00
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``` json
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{
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"presets": ["env", "omi"]
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2018-02-25 16:06:09 +08:00
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}
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2018-05-03 10:46:34 +08:00
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```
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2018-02-25 16:06:09 +08:00
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2018-10-13 22:55:38 +08:00
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需要安装下面两个 npm 包支持上面的配置:
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2018-02-25 16:06:09 +08:00
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2018-05-03 10:46:34 +08:00
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``` bash
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"babel-preset-env": "^1.6.0",
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"babel-preset-omi": "^0.1.1",
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```
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2018-10-14 17:06:50 +08:00
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如果不想把 css 写在 js 里,你可以使用 [to-string-loader](https://www.npmjs.com/package/to-string-loader), 比如下面配置:
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2018-02-25 16:06:09 +08:00
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2018-05-03 10:46:34 +08:00
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``` js
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2018-05-09 10:18:53 +08:00
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{
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test: /[\\|\/]_[\S]*\.css$/,
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use: [
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'to-string-loader',
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'css-loader'
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]
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}
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2018-05-03 10:46:34 +08:00
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```
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2018-10-13 22:55:38 +08:00
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如果你的 css 文件以 `_` 开头, css 会使用 to-string-loader. 如:
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2018-05-09 10:18:53 +08:00
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``` js
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2018-10-14 17:22:38 +08:00
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import { render, WeElement, define } from 'omi'
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2018-10-13 22:55:38 +08:00
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//typeof cssStr is string
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import cssStr from './_index.css'
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2018-05-09 10:18:53 +08:00
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2018-10-13 22:55:38 +08:00
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class MyApp extends WeElement {
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2018-10-13 22:55:38 +08:00
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css() {
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return cssStr
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2018-05-09 10:18:53 +08:00
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}
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2018-10-14 07:50:55 +08:00
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...
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...
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...
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2018-05-09 10:18:53 +08:00
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```
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2018-10-14 13:47:23 +08:00
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### TodoApp
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下面列举一个相对完整的 TodoApp 的例子:
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```js
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2018-10-14 17:22:38 +08:00
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import { render, WeElement, define } from 'omi'
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2018-10-14 13:47:23 +08:00
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class TodoList extends WeElement {
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render(props) {
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return (
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<ul>
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{props.items.map(item => (
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<li key={item.id}>{item.text}</li>
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))}
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</ul>
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);
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}
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}
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2018-10-14 17:22:38 +08:00
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define('todo-list', TodoList)
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class TodoApp extends WeElement {
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static get data() {
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return { items: [], text: '' }
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2018-10-14 13:47:23 +08:00
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}
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render() {
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return (
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<div>
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<h3>TODO</h3>
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<todo-list items={this.data.items} />
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<form onSubmit={this.handleSubmit}>
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<input
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id="new-todo"
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onChange={this.handleChange}
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value={this.data.text}
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/>
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<button>
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Add #{this.data.items.length + 1}
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</button>
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</form>
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</div>
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);
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}
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handleChange = (e) => {
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this.data.text = e.target.value
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}
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handleSubmit = (e) => {
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e.preventDefault();
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if (!this.data.text.length) {
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return;
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}
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this.data.items.push({
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text: this.data.text,
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id: Date.now()
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})
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this.data.text = ''
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this.update()
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}
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}
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2018-10-14 17:22:38 +08:00
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define('todo-app', TodoApp)
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2018-10-14 13:47:23 +08:00
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render(<todo-app></todo-app>, 'body')
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```
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2018-05-03 10:46:34 +08:00
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2018-10-14 21:33:46 +08:00
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### Store
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2018-10-14 21:57:20 +08:00
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强大的 Store 体系是高性能的原因,除了靠 props 决定组件状态的组件,其余组件所有 data 都挂载在 store 上:
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2018-10-14 21:33:46 +08:00
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```js
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export default {
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data: {
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items: [],
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text: '',
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firstName: 'dnt',
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lastName: 'zhang',
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fullName: function () {
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return this.firstName + this.lastName
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},
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globalPropTest: 'abc', //更改我会刷新所有页面,不需要再组件和页面声明data依赖
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ccc: { ddd: 1 } //更改我会刷新所有页面,不需要再组件和页面声明data依赖
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},
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add: function () {
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this.data.items.push({
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text: this.data.text,
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id: Date.now()
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})
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this.data.text = ''
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this.update()
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},
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globalData: ['globalPropTest', 'ccc.ddd'],
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logMotto: function () {
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console.log(this.data.motto)
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},
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//默认 false,为 true 会无脑更新所有实例
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//updateAll: true
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}
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```
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自定义 Element 需要声明依赖的 data,这样 Omi store 根据自定义组件上声明的 data 计算依赖 path 并会按需局部更新。如:
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```js
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class TodoApp extends WeElement {
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static get data() {
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return { items: [], text: '' }
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}
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...
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...
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|
...
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handleChange = (e) => {
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this.store.data.text = e.target.value
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}
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handleSubmit = (e) => {
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e.preventDefault();
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if (!this.store.data.text.length) {
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return;
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}
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this.store.add()
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}
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}
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define('todo-app', TodoApp)
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|
```
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|
需要在 render 的时候从根节点注入 store 才能在所有自定义 Element 里使用 this.store:
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|
```js
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render(<todo-app></todo-app>, 'body', store)
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|
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|
```
|
|
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|
|
|
2018-10-14 21:57:20 +08:00
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|
|
|
总结一下:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
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|
|
* store.data 用来列出所有属性和默认值(除去 props 决定的视图的组件)
|
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|
|
* 组件和页面的 data 用来列出依赖的 store.data 的属性 (omi会记录path),按需更新
|
|
|
|
|
* 如果页面简单组件很少,可以 updateAll 设置成 true,并且组件和页面不需要声明 data,也就不会按需更新
|
|
|
|
|
* globalData 里声明的 path,只要修改了对应 path 的值,就会刷新所有页面和组件,globalData 可以用来列出所有页面或大部分公共的属性 Path
|
|
|
|
|
|
2018-05-03 10:46:34 +08:00
|
|
|
|
### Lifecycle
|
2018-02-25 16:06:09 +08:00
|
|
|
|
|
2018-05-03 10:46:34 +08:00
|
|
|
|
| Lifecycle method | When it gets called |
|
|
|
|
|
|-------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------|
|
2018-10-13 22:55:38 +08:00
|
|
|
|
| `install` | before the component gets mounted to the DOM |
|
|
|
|
|
| `installed` | after the component gets mounted to the DOM |
|
|
|
|
|
| `uninstall` | prior to removal from the DOM |
|
|
|
|
|
| `beforeUpdate` | before `render()` |
|
|
|
|
|
| `afterUpdate` | after `render()` |
|
2017-03-23 07:53:17 +08:00
|
|
|
|
|
2018-02-25 16:06:09 +08:00
|
|
|
|
## Install
|
2017-03-23 07:53:17 +08:00
|
|
|
|
|
2018-10-14 07:50:55 +08:00
|
|
|
|
Get javascript file from Github:
|
2017-03-23 07:53:17 +08:00
|
|
|
|
|
2018-10-14 07:45:53 +08:00
|
|
|
|
* [omi/master/dist](https://github.com/Tencent/omi/tree/master/dist)
|
|
|
|
|
* [omi.js](https://github.com/Tencent/omi/blob/master/dist/omi.js)
|
2018-10-14 21:43:57 +08:00
|
|
|
|
* [omi.min.js](https://github.com/Tencent/omi/blob/master/dist/omi.min.js)
|
2017-03-23 07:53:17 +08:00
|
|
|
|
|
2018-05-03 10:46:34 +08:00
|
|
|
|
## Links
|
2017-03-23 07:53:17 +08:00
|
|
|
|
|
2018-10-14 07:45:53 +08:00
|
|
|
|
- [westore](https://github.com/dntzhang/westore)
|
2018-05-03 11:19:37 +08:00
|
|
|
|
- [omijs.org](http://omijs.org/)
|
2017-03-23 07:53:17 +08:00
|
|
|
|
|
2018-05-03 10:46:34 +08:00
|
|
|
|
## License
|
2017-03-09 16:26:06 +08:00
|
|
|
|
|
2018-10-14 08:23:31 +08:00
|
|
|
|
MIT © Tencent
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Please contact me[@dntzhang](https://github.com/dntzhang) for any questions.
|