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- Add note about complex numbers. 

- Changed description of rich comparisons to emphasize that < and >
  (etc.) are each other's reflection.  Also use this word in the note
  about the demise of __rcmp__.
This commit is contained in:
Guido van Rossum 2001-01-18 14:28:08 +00:00
parent 9483bed6d9
commit a88479f0e3
1 changed files with 16 additions and 9 deletions
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@ -29,25 +29,32 @@ Core language, builtins, and interpreter
Classes can overload individual comparison operators by defining one Classes can overload individual comparison operators by defining one
or more of the methods__lt__, __le__, __eq__, __ne__, __gt__, or more of the methods__lt__, __le__, __eq__, __ne__, __gt__,
__ge__. There are no explicit "reversed argument" versions of __ge__. There are no explicit "reflected argument" versions of
these; instead, __lt__ and __gt__ are each other's reverse, likewise these; instead, __lt__ and __gt__ are each other's reflection,
for__le__ and __ge__; __eq__ and __ne__ are their own reverse likewise for__le__ and __ge__; __eq__ and __ne__ are their own
(similar at the C level). No other implications are made; in reflection (similar at the C level). No other implications are
particular, Python does not assume that == is the inverse of !=, or made; in particular, Python does not assume that == is the Boolean
that < is the inverse of >=. This makes it possible to define types inverse of !=, or that < is the Boolean inverse of >=. This makes
with partial orderings. it possible to define types with partial orderings.
Classes or types that want to implement (in)equality tests but not Classes or types that want to implement (in)equality tests but not
the ordering operators (i.e. unordered types) should implement == the ordering operators (i.e. unordered types) should implement ==
and !=, and raise an error for the ordering operators. and !=, and raise an error for the ordering operators.
It is possible to define types whose comparison results are not It is possible to define types whose rich comparison results are not
Boolean; e.g. a matrix type might want to return a matrix of bits Boolean; e.g. a matrix type might want to return a matrix of bits
for A < B, giving elementwise comparisons. Such types should ensure for A < B, giving elementwise comparisons. Such types should ensure
that any interpretation of their value in a Boolean context raises that any interpretation of their value in a Boolean context raises
an exception, e.g. by defining __nonzero__ (or the tp_nonzero slot an exception, e.g. by defining __nonzero__ (or the tp_nonzero slot
at the C level) to always raise an exception. at the C level) to always raise an exception.
- Complex numbers use rich comparisons to define == and != but raise
an exception for <, <=, > and >=. Unfortunately, this also means
that cmp() of two complex numbers raises an exception when the two
numbers differ. Since it is not mathematically meaningful to compare
complex numbers except for equality, I hope that this doesn't break
too much code.
- Functions and methods now support getting and setting arbitrarily - Functions and methods now support getting and setting arbitrarily
named attributes (PEP 232). Functions have a new __dict__ named attributes (PEP 232). Functions have a new __dict__
(a.k.a. func_dict) which hold the function attributes. Methods get (a.k.a. func_dict) which hold the function attributes. Methods get
@ -113,7 +120,7 @@ Core language, builtins, and interpreter
subtly. Since this was a terrible gray area of the language, this subtly. Since this was a terrible gray area of the language, this
is considered an improvement. Also note that __rcmp__ is no longer is considered an improvement. Also note that __rcmp__ is no longer
supported -- instead of calling __rcmp__, __cmp__ is called with supported -- instead of calling __rcmp__, __cmp__ is called with
reversed arguments. reflected arguments.
- In connection with the coercion changes, a new built-in singleton - In connection with the coercion changes, a new built-in singleton
object, NotImplemented is defined. This can be returned for object, NotImplemented is defined. This can be returned for