mirror of https://gitee.com/openkylin/libvirt.git
230 lines
11 KiB
Plaintext
230 lines
11 KiB
Plaintext
QEMU PC emulator version 0.12.1 (qemu-kvm-0.12.1.2), Copyright (c) 2003-2008 Fabrice Bellard
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WARNING: Direct use of qemu-kvm from the command line is unsupported.
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WARNING: Only use via libvirt.
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WARNING: Some options listed here may not be available in future releases.
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usage: qemu [options] [disk_image]
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'disk_image' is a raw hard image image for IDE hard disk 0
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Standard options:
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-h or -help display this help and exit
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-version display version information and exit
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-M machine select emulated machine (-M ? for list)
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-cpu cpu select CPU (-cpu ? for list)
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-smp n[,maxcpus=cpus][,cores=cores][,threads=threads][,sockets=sockets]
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set the number of CPUs to 'n' [default=1]
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maxcpus= maximum number of total cpus, including
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offline CPUs for hotplug etc.
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cores= number of CPU cores on one socket
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threads= number of threads on one CPU core
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sockets= number of discrete sockets in the system
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-numa node[,mem=size][,cpus=cpu[-cpu]][,nodeid=node]
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-fda/-fdb file use 'file' as floppy disk 0/1 image
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-hda/-hdb file use 'file' as IDE hard disk 0/1 image
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-hdc/-hdd file use 'file' as IDE hard disk 2/3 image
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-cdrom file use 'file' as IDE cdrom image (cdrom is ide1 master)
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-drive [file=file][,if=type][,bus=n][,unit=m][,media=d][,index=i]
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[,cyls=c,heads=h,secs=s[,trans=t]][,snapshot=on|off]
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[,cache=writethrough|writeback|none|unsafe][,format=f]
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[,serial=s][,addr=A][,id=name][,aio=threads|native]
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[,readonly=on|off]
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use 'file' as a drive image
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-set group.id.arg=value
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set <arg> parameter for item <id> of type <group>
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i.e. -set drive.$id.file=/path/to/image
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-global driver.property=value
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set a global default for a driver property
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-mtdblock file use 'file' as on-board Flash memory image
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-sd file use 'file' as SecureDigital card image
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-pflash file use 'file' as a parallel flash image
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-boot [order=drives][,once=drives][,menu=on|off]
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'drives': floppy (a), hard disk (c), CD-ROM (d), network (n)
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-snapshot write to temporary files instead of disk image files
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-m megs set virtual RAM size to megs MB [default=128]
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-k language use keyboard layout (for example 'fr' for French)
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-audio-help print list of audio drivers and their options
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-soundhw c1,... enable audio support
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and only specified sound cards (comma separated list)
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use -soundhw ? to get the list of supported cards
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use -soundhw all to enable all of them
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-usb enable the USB driver (will be the default soon)
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-usbdevice name add the host or guest USB device 'name'
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-device driver[,prop[=value][,...]]
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add device (based on driver)
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prop=value,... sets driver properties
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use -device ? to print all possible drivers
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use -device driver,? to print all possible properties
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-name string1[,process=string2] set the name of the guest
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string1 sets the window title and string2 the process name (on Linux)
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-uuid %08x-%04x-%04x-%04x-%012x
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specify machine UUID
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Display options:
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-nographic disable graphical output and redirect serial I/Os to console
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-spice <args> enable spice
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-portrait rotate graphical output 90 deg left (only PXA LCD)
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-vga [std|cirrus|vmware|qxl|xenfb|none]
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select video card type
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-full-screen start in full screen
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-vnc display start a VNC server on display
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i386 target only:
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-win2k-hack use it when installing Windows 2000 to avoid a disk full bug
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-no-fd-bootchk disable boot signature checking for floppy disks
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-no-acpi disable ACPI
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-balloon none disable balloon device
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-balloon virtio[,addr=str]
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enable virtio balloon device (default)
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-acpitable [sig=str][,rev=n][,oem_id=str][,oem_table_id=str][,oem_rev=n][,asl_compiler_id=str][,asl_compiler_rev=n][,data=file1[:file2]...]
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ACPI table description
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-smbios file=binary
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Load SMBIOS entry from binary file
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-smbios type=0[,vendor=str][,version=str][,date=str][,release=%d.%d]
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Specify SMBIOS type 0 fields
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-smbios type=1[,manufacturer=str][,product=str][,version=str][,serial=str]
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[,uuid=uuid][,sku=str][,family=str]
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Specify SMBIOS type 1 fields
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Network options:
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-net nic[,vlan=n][,macaddr=mac][,model=type][,name=str][,addr=str][,vectors=v]
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create a new Network Interface Card and connect it to VLAN 'n'
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-net user[,vlan=n][,name=str][,net=addr[/mask]][,host=addr][,restrict=y|n]
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[,hostname=host][,dhcpstart=addr][,dns=addr][,tftp=dir][,bootfile=f]
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[,hostfwd=rule][,guestfwd=rule][,smb=dir[,smbserver=addr]]
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connect the user mode network stack to VLAN 'n', configure its
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DHCP server and enabled optional services
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-net tap[,vlan=n][,name=str][,fd=h][,ifname=name][,script=file][,downscript=dfile][,sndbuf=nbytes][,vnet_hdr=on|off][,vhost=on|off][,vhostfd=h]
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connect the host TAP network interface to VLAN 'n' and use the
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network scripts 'file' (default=/etc/qemu-ifup)
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and 'dfile' (default=/etc/qemu-ifdown);
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use '[down]script=no' to disable script execution;
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use 'fd=h' to connect to an already opened TAP interface
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use 'sndbuf=nbytes' to limit the size of the send buffer; the
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default of 'sndbuf=1048576' can be disabled using 'sndbuf=0'
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use vnet_hdr=off to avoid enabling the IFF_VNET_HDR tap flag; use
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vnet_hdr=on to make the lack of IFF_VNET_HDR support an error condition
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use vhost=on to enable experimental in kernel accelerator
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use 'vhostfd=h' to connect to an already opened vhost net device
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-net socket[,vlan=n][,name=str][,fd=h][,listen=[host]:port][,connect=host:port]
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connect the vlan 'n' to another VLAN using a socket connection
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-net socket[,vlan=n][,name=str][,fd=h][,mcast=maddr:port]
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connect the vlan 'n' to multicast maddr and port
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-net dump[,vlan=n][,file=f][,len=n]
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dump traffic on vlan 'n' to file 'f' (max n bytes per packet)
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-net none use it alone to have zero network devices; if no -net option
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is provided, the default is '-net nic -net user'
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-netdev [user|tap|socket],id=str[,option][,option][,...]
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Character device options:
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-chardev null,id=id
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-chardev socket,id=id[,host=host],port=host[,to=to][,ipv4][,ipv6][,nodelay]
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[,server][,nowait][,telnet] (tcp)
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-chardev socket,id=id,path=path[,server][,nowait][,telnet] (unix)
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-chardev udp,id=id[,host=host],port=port[,localaddr=localaddr]
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[,localport=localport][,ipv4][,ipv6]
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-chardev msmouse,id=id
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-chardev vc,id=id[[,width=width][,height=height]][[,cols=cols][,rows=rows]]
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-chardev file,id=id,path=path
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-chardev pipe,id=id,path=path
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-chardev pty,id=id
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-chardev stdio,id=id
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-chardev tty,id=id,path=path
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-chardev parport,id=id,path=path
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-chardev spicevmc,id=id,debug=debug,name=name
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Bluetooth(R) options:
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-bt hci,null dumb bluetooth HCI - doesn't respond to commands
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-bt hci,host[:id]
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use host's HCI with the given name
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-bt hci[,vlan=n]
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emulate a standard HCI in virtual scatternet 'n'
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-bt vhci[,vlan=n]
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add host computer to virtual scatternet 'n' using VHCI
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-bt device:dev[,vlan=n]
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emulate a bluetooth device 'dev' in scatternet 'n'
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Linux/Multiboot boot specific:
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-kernel bzImage use 'bzImage' as kernel image
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-append cmdline use 'cmdline' as kernel command line
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-initrd file use 'file' as initial ram disk
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Debug/Expert options:
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-serial dev redirect the serial port to char device 'dev'
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-parallel dev redirect the parallel port to char device 'dev'
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-monitor dev redirect the monitor to char device 'dev'
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-qmp dev like -monitor but opens in 'control' mode.
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-mon chardev=[name][,mode=readline|control][,default]
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-pidfile file write PID to 'file'
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-singlestep always run in singlestep mode
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-S freeze CPU at startup (use 'c' to start execution)
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-gdb dev wait for gdb connection on 'dev'
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-s shorthand for -gdb tcp::1234
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-d item1,... output log to /tmp/qemu.log (use -d ? for a list of log items)
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-hdachs c,h,s[,t]
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force hard disk 0 physical geometry and the optional BIOS
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translation (t=none or lba) (usually qemu can guess them)
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-L path set the directory for the BIOS, VGA BIOS and keymaps
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-bios file set the filename for the BIOS
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-enable-kvm enable KVM full virtualization support
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-no-reboot exit instead of rebooting
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-no-shutdown stop before shutdown
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-loadvm [tag|id]
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start right away with a saved state (loadvm in monitor)
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-daemonize daemonize QEMU after initializing
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-option-rom rom load a file, rom, into the option ROM space
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-clock force the use of the given methods for timer alarm.
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To see what timers are available use -clock ?
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-rtc [base=utc|localtime|date][,clock=host|vm][,driftfix=none|slew]
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set the RTC base and clock, enable drift fix for clock ticks
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-icount [N|auto]
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enable virtual instruction counter with 2^N clock ticks per
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instruction
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-watchdog i6300esb|ib700
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enable virtual hardware watchdog [default=none]
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-watchdog-action reset|shutdown|poweroff|pause|debug|none
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action when watchdog fires [default=reset]
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-echr chr set terminal escape character instead of ctrl-a
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-virtioconsole c
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set virtio console
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-show-cursor show cursor
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-tb-size n set TB size
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-incoming p prepare for incoming migration, listen on port p
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-nodefaults don't create default devices.
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-chroot dir Chroot to dir just before starting the VM.
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-runas user Change to user id user just before starting the VM.
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-nodefconfig
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do not load default config files at startup
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-readconfig <file>
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-writeconfig <file>
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read/write config file
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-no-kvm disable KVM hardware virtualization
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-no-kvm-irqchip disable KVM kernel mode PIC/IOAPIC/LAPIC
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-no-kvm-pit disable KVM kernel mode PIT
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-no-kvm-pit-reinjection disable KVM kernel mode PIT interrupt reinjection
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-pcidevice host=bus:dev.func[,dma=none][,name=string]
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expose a PCI device to the guest OS.
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dma=none: don't perform any dma translations (default is to use an iommu)
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'string' is used in log output.
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-enable-nesting enable support for running a VM inside the VM (AMD only)
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-nvram FILE provide ia64 nvram contents
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-tdf enable guest time drift compensation
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-kvm-shadow-memory MEGABYTES
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allocate MEGABYTES for kvm mmu shadowing
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-mem-path FILE provide backing storage for guest RAM
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-mem-prealloc preallocate guest memory (use with -mempath)
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-redhat-disable-KSM disable KSM on guest physical memory
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During emulation, the following keys are useful:
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ctrl-alt-f toggle full screen
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ctrl-alt-n switch to virtual console 'n'
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ctrl-alt toggle mouse and keyboard grab
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When using -nographic, press 'ctrl-a h' to get some help.
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WARNING: Direct use of qemu-kvm from the command line is unsupported.
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WARNING: Only use via libvirt.
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WARNING: Some options listed here may not be available in future releases.
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