mirror of https://gitee.com/openkylin/libvirt.git
169 lines
8.0 KiB
ReStructuredText
169 lines
8.0 KiB
ReStructuredText
Backup XML format
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=================
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.. contents::
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Backup XML
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----------
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Creating a backup, whether full or incremental, is done via
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``virDomainBackupBegin()``, which takes an XML description of the actions to
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perform, as well as an optional second XML document `describing a
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checkpoint <formatcheckpoint.html>`__ to create at the same point in time. See
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also `a comparison <kbase/domainstatecapture.html>`__ between the various state
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capture APIs.
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There are two general modes for backups: a push mode (where the hypervisor
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writes out the data to the destination file, which may be local or remote), and
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a pull mode (where the hypervisor creates an NBD server that a third-party
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client can then read as needed, and which requires the use of temporary storage,
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typically local, until the backup is complete).
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The instructions for beginning a backup job are provided as attributes and
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elements of the top-level ``domainbackup`` element. This element includes an
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optional attribute ``mode`` which can be either "push" or "pull" (default push).
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``virDomainBackupGetXMLDesc()`` can be used to see the actual values selected
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for elements omitted during creation (for example, learning which port the NBD
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server is using in the pull model or what file names libvirt generated when none
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were supplied). The following child elements and attributes are supported:
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``incremental``
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An optional element giving the name of an existing checkpoint of the domain,
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which will be used to make this backup an incremental one. In the push model,
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only changes since the named checkpoint are written to the destination. In
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the pull model, the NBD server uses the NBD_OPT_SET_META_CONTEXT extension to
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advertise to the client which portions of the export contain changes since
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the named checkpoint. If omitted, a full backup is performed.
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``server``
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Present only for a pull mode backup. Contains the same attributes as the
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```protocol`` element of a disk <formatdomain.html#elementsDisks>`__ attached
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via NBD in the domain (such as transport, socket, name, port, or tls),
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necessary to set up an NBD server that exposes the content of each disk at
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the time the backup is started.
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Note that for the QEMU hypervisor the TLS environment in controlled using
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``backup_tls_x509_cert_dir``, ``backup_tls_x509_verify``, and
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``backup_tls_x509_secret_uuid`` properties in ``/etc/libvirt/qemu.conf``.
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``disks``
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An optional listing of instructions for disks participating in the backup (if
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omitted, all disks participate and libvirt attempts to generate filenames by
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appending the current timestamp as a suffix). If the entire element was
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omitted on input, then all disks participate in the backup, otherwise, only
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the disks explicitly listed which do not also use ``backup='no'`` will
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participate. On output, this is the state of each of the domain's disk in
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relation to the backup operation.
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``disk``
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This sub-element describes the backup properties of a specific disk, with
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the following attributes and child elements:
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``name``
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A mandatory attribute which must match the ``<target dev='name'/>`` of
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one of the `disk devices <formatdomain.html#elementsDisks>`__ specified
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for the domain at the time of the checkpoint.
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``backup``
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Setting this attribute to ``yes``\ (default) specifies that the disk
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should take part in the backup and using ``no`` excludes the disk from
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the backup.
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``backupmode``
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This attribute overrides the implied backup mode inherited from the
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definition of the backup itself. Value ``full`` forces a full backup
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even if the backup calls for an incremental backup, and ``incremental``
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coupled with the attribute ``incremental='CHECKPOINTNAME`` for the disk
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forces an incremental backup from ``CHECKPOINTNAME``.
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``incremental``
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An optional attribute giving the name of an existing checkpoint of the
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domain which overrides the one set by the ``<incremental>`` element.
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``exportname``
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Allows modification of the NBD export name for the given disk. By
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default equal to disk target. Valid only for pull mode backups.
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``exportbitmap``
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Allows modification of the name of the bitmap describing dirty blocks
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for an incremental backup exported via NBD export name for the given
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disk. Valid only for pull mode backups.
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``type``
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A mandatory attribute to describe the type of the disk, except when
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``backup='no'`` is used. Valid values include ``file``, or ``block``.
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Similar to a disk declaration for a domain, the choice of type controls
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what additional sub-elements are needed to describe the destination.
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``index``
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Output only. The value can be used to refer to the scratch or output
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file of the backup in APIs such as ``virDomainSetBlockThreshold``.
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``target``
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Valid only for push mode backups, this is the primary sub-element that
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describes the file name of the backup destination, similar to the
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``source`` sub-element of a domain disk. An optional sub-element
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``driver`` can also be used, with an attribute ``type`` to specify a
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destination format different from qcow2. See documentation for
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``scratch`` below for additional configuration.
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``scratch``
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Valid only for pull mode backups, this is the primary sub-element that
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describes the file name of the local scratch file to be used in
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facilitating the backup, and is similar to the ``source`` sub-element
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of a domain disk. Currently only ``file`` and ``block`` scratch storage
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is supported. The ``file`` scratch file is created and deleted by
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libvirt in the given location. A ``block`` scratch device must exist
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prior to starting the backup and is formatted. The block device must
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have enough space for the corresponding disk data including format
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overhead. If ``VIR_DOMAIN_BACKUP_BEGIN_REUSE_EXTERNAL`` flag is used
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the file for a scratch of ``file`` type must exist with the correct
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format and size to hold the copy and is used without modification. The
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file is not deleted after the backup but the contents of the file don't
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make sense outside of the backup. The same applies for the block device
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which must be formatted appropriately. Similarly to the domain
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```disk`` <formatdomain.html#elementsDisks>`__ definition ``scratch``
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and ``target`` can contain ``seclabel`` and/or ``encryption``
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subelements to configure the corresponding properties.
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Examples
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--------
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Use ``virDomainBackupBegin()`` to perform a full backup using push mode. The
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example lets libvirt pick the destination and format for 'vda', fully specifies
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that we want a raw backup of 'vdb', and omits 'vdc' from the operation.
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::
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<domainbackup>
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<disks>
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<disk name='vda' backup='yes'/>
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<disk name='vdb' type='file'>
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<target file='/path/to/vdb.backup'/>
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<driver type='raw'/>
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</disk>
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<disk name='vdc' backup='no'/>
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</disks>
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</domainbackup>
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If the previous full backup also passed a parameter describing `checkpoint
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XML <formatcheckpoint.html>`__ that resulted in a checkpoint named
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``1525889631``, we can make another call to ``virDomainBackupBegin()`` to
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perform an incremental backup of just the data changed since that checkpoint,
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this time using the following XML to start a pull model export of the 'vda' and
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'vdb' disks, where a third-party NBD client connecting to '/path/to/server'
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completes the backup (omitting 'vdc' from the explicit list has the same effect
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as the backup='no' from the previous example):
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::
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<domainbackup mode="pull">
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<incremental>1525889631</incremental>
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<server transport="unix" socket="/path/to/server"/>
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<disks>
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<disk name='vda' backup='yes' type='file'>
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<scratch file='/path/to/file1.scratch'/>
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</disk>
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</disks>
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</domainbackup>
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