mirror of https://gitee.com/openkylin/libvirt.git
253 lines
13 KiB
Plaintext
253 lines
13 KiB
Plaintext
QEMU emulator version 1.0, Copyright (c) 2003-2008 Fabrice Bellard
|
|
usage: qemu [options] [disk_image]
|
|
|
|
'disk_image' is a raw hard disk image for IDE hard disk 0
|
|
|
|
Standard options:
|
|
-h or -help display this help and exit
|
|
-version display version information and exit
|
|
-machine [type=]name[,prop[=value][,...]]
|
|
selects emulated machine (-machine ? for list)
|
|
property accel=accel1[:accel2[:...]] selects accelerator
|
|
supported accelerators are kvm, xen, tcg (default: tcg)
|
|
-cpu cpu select CPU (-cpu ? for list)
|
|
-smp n[,maxcpus=cpus][,cores=cores][,threads=threads][,sockets=sockets]
|
|
set the number of CPUs to 'n' [default=1]
|
|
maxcpus= maximum number of total cpus, including
|
|
offline CPUs for hotplug, etc
|
|
cores= number of CPU cores on one socket
|
|
threads= number of threads on one CPU core
|
|
sockets= number of discrete sockets in the system
|
|
-numa node[,mem=size][,cpus=cpu[-cpu]][,nodeid=node]
|
|
-fda/-fdb file use 'file' as floppy disk 0/1 image
|
|
-hda/-hdb file use 'file' as IDE hard disk 0/1 image
|
|
-hdc/-hdd file use 'file' as IDE hard disk 2/3 image
|
|
-cdrom file use 'file' as IDE cdrom image (cdrom is ide1 master)
|
|
-drive [file=file][,if=type][,bus=n][,unit=m][,media=d][,index=i]
|
|
[,cyls=c,heads=h,secs=s[,trans=t]][,snapshot=on|off]
|
|
[,cache=writethrough|writeback|none|directsync|unsafe][,format=f]
|
|
[,serial=s][,addr=A][,id=name][,aio=threads|native]
|
|
[,readonly=on|off]
|
|
use 'file' as a drive image
|
|
-set group.id.arg=value
|
|
set <arg> parameter for item <id> of type <group>
|
|
i.e. -set drive.$id.file=/path/to/image
|
|
-global driver.property=value
|
|
set a global default for a driver property
|
|
-mtdblock file use 'file' as on-board Flash memory image
|
|
-sd file use 'file' as SecureDigital card image
|
|
-pflash file use 'file' as a parallel flash image
|
|
-boot [order=drives][,once=drives][,menu=on|off]
|
|
[,splash=sp_name][,splash-time=sp_time]
|
|
'drives': floppy (a), hard disk (c), CD-ROM (d), network (n)
|
|
'sp_name': the file's name that would be passed to bios as logo picture, if menu=on
|
|
'sp_time': the period that splash picture last if menu=on, unit is ms
|
|
-snapshot write to temporary files instead of disk image files
|
|
-m megs set virtual RAM size to megs MB [default=128]
|
|
-mem-path FILE provide backing storage for guest RAM
|
|
-mem-prealloc preallocate guest memory (use with -mem-path)
|
|
-k language use keyboard layout (for example 'fr' for French)
|
|
-audio-help print list of audio drivers and their options
|
|
-soundhw c1,... enable audio support
|
|
and only specified sound cards (comma separated list)
|
|
use -soundhw ? to get the list of supported cards
|
|
use -soundhw all to enable all of them
|
|
-usb enable the USB driver (will be the default soon)
|
|
-usbdevice name add the host or guest USB device 'name'
|
|
-device driver[,prop[=value][,...]]
|
|
add device (based on driver)
|
|
prop=value,... sets driver properties
|
|
use -device ? to print all possible drivers
|
|
use -device driver,? to print all possible properties
|
|
|
|
File system options:
|
|
-fsdev fsdriver,id=id,path=path,[security_model={mapped|passthrough|none}]
|
|
[,writeout=immediate][,readonly]
|
|
|
|
Virtual File system pass-through options:
|
|
-virtfs local,path=path,mount_tag=tag,security_model=[mapped|passthrough|none]
|
|
[,writeout=immediate][,readonly]
|
|
-virtfs_synth Create synthetic file system image
|
|
|
|
-name string1[,process=string2]
|
|
set the name of the guest
|
|
string1 sets the window title and string2 the process name (on Linux)
|
|
-uuid %08x-%04x-%04x-%04x-%012x
|
|
specify machine UUID
|
|
|
|
Display options:
|
|
-display sdl[,frame=on|off][,alt_grab=on|off][,ctrl_grab=on|off]
|
|
[,window_close=on|off]|curses|none|
|
|
vnc=<display>[,<optargs>]
|
|
select display type
|
|
-nographic disable graphical output and redirect serial I/Os to console
|
|
-curses use a curses/ncurses interface instead of SDL
|
|
-no-frame open SDL window without a frame and window decorations
|
|
-alt-grab use Ctrl-Alt-Shift to grab mouse (instead of Ctrl-Alt)
|
|
-ctrl-grab use Right-Ctrl to grab mouse (instead of Ctrl-Alt)
|
|
-no-quit disable SDL window close capability
|
|
-sdl enable SDL
|
|
-spice <args> enable spice
|
|
-portrait rotate graphical output 90 deg left (only PXA LCD)
|
|
-rotate <deg> rotate graphical output some deg left (only PXA LCD)
|
|
-vga [std|cirrus|vmware|qxl|xenfb|none]
|
|
select video card type
|
|
-full-screen start in full screen
|
|
-g WxH[xDEPTH] Set the initial graphical resolution and depth
|
|
-vnc display start a VNC server on display
|
|
|
|
i386 target only:
|
|
-win2k-hack use it when installing Windows 2000 to avoid a disk full bug
|
|
-no-fd-bootchk disable boot signature checking for floppy disks
|
|
-no-acpi disable ACPI
|
|
-no-hpet disable HPET
|
|
-balloon none disable balloon device
|
|
-balloon virtio[,addr=str]
|
|
enable virtio balloon device (default)
|
|
-acpitable [sig=str][,rev=n][,oem_id=str][,oem_table_id=str][,oem_rev=n][,asl_compiler_id=str][,asl_compiler_rev=n][,{data|file}=file1[:file2]...]
|
|
ACPI table description
|
|
-smbios file=binary
|
|
load SMBIOS entry from binary file
|
|
-smbios type=0[,vendor=str][,version=str][,date=str][,release=%d.%d]
|
|
specify SMBIOS type 0 fields
|
|
-smbios type=1[,manufacturer=str][,product=str][,version=str][,serial=str]
|
|
[,uuid=uuid][,sku=str][,family=str]
|
|
specify SMBIOS type 1 fields
|
|
|
|
Network options:
|
|
-net nic[,vlan=n][,macaddr=mac][,model=type][,name=str][,addr=str][,vectors=v]
|
|
create a new Network Interface Card and connect it to VLAN 'n'
|
|
-net user[,vlan=n][,name=str][,net=addr[/mask]][,host=addr][,restrict=on|off]
|
|
[,hostname=host][,dhcpstart=addr][,dns=addr][,tftp=dir][,bootfile=f]
|
|
[,hostfwd=rule][,guestfwd=rule][,smb=dir[,smbserver=addr]]
|
|
connect the user mode network stack to VLAN 'n', configure its
|
|
DHCP server and enabled optional services
|
|
-net tap[,vlan=n][,name=str][,fd=h][,ifname=name][,script=file][,downscript=dfile][,sndbuf=nbytes][,vnet_hdr=on|off][,vhost=on|off][,vhostfd=h][,vhostforce=on|off]
|
|
connect the host TAP network interface to VLAN 'n' and use the
|
|
network scripts 'file' (default=/etc/qemu-ifup)
|
|
and 'dfile' (default=/etc/qemu-ifdown)
|
|
use '[down]script=no' to disable script execution
|
|
use 'fd=h' to connect to an already opened TAP interface
|
|
use 'sndbuf=nbytes' to limit the size of the send buffer (the
|
|
default is disabled 'sndbuf=0' to enable flow control set 'sndbuf=1048576')
|
|
use vnet_hdr=off to avoid enabling the IFF_VNET_HDR tap flag
|
|
use vnet_hdr=on to make the lack of IFF_VNET_HDR support an error condition
|
|
use vhost=on to enable experimental in kernel accelerator
|
|
(only has effect for virtio guests which use MSIX)
|
|
use vhostforce=on to force vhost on for non-MSIX virtio guests
|
|
use 'vhostfd=h' to connect to an already opened vhost net device
|
|
-net socket[,vlan=n][,name=str][,fd=h][,listen=[host]:port][,connect=host:port]
|
|
connect the vlan 'n' to another VLAN using a socket connection
|
|
-net socket[,vlan=n][,name=str][,fd=h][,mcast=maddr:port[,localaddr=addr]]
|
|
connect the vlan 'n' to multicast maddr and port
|
|
use 'localaddr=addr' to specify the host address to send packets from
|
|
-net dump[,vlan=n][,file=f][,len=n]
|
|
dump traffic on vlan 'n' to file 'f' (max n bytes per packet)
|
|
-net none use it alone to have zero network devices. If no -net option
|
|
is provided, the default is '-net nic -net user'
|
|
-netdev [user|tap|socket],id=str[,option][,option][,...]
|
|
|
|
Character device options:
|
|
-chardev null,id=id[,mux=on|off]
|
|
-chardev socket,id=id[,host=host],port=host[,to=to][,ipv4][,ipv6][,nodelay]
|
|
[,server][,nowait][,telnet][,mux=on|off] (tcp)
|
|
-chardev socket,id=id,path=path[,server][,nowait][,telnet],[mux=on|off] (unix)
|
|
-chardev udp,id=id[,host=host],port=port[,localaddr=localaddr]
|
|
[,localport=localport][,ipv4][,ipv6][,mux=on|off]
|
|
-chardev msmouse,id=id[,mux=on|off]
|
|
-chardev vc,id=id[[,width=width][,height=height]][[,cols=cols][,rows=rows]]
|
|
[,mux=on|off]
|
|
-chardev file,id=id,path=path[,mux=on|off]
|
|
-chardev pipe,id=id,path=path[,mux=on|off]
|
|
-chardev pty,id=id[,mux=on|off]
|
|
-chardev stdio,id=id[,mux=on|off][,signal=on|off]
|
|
-chardev tty,id=id,path=path[,mux=on|off]
|
|
-chardev parport,id=id,path=path[,mux=on|off]
|
|
-chardev spicevmc,id=id,name=name[,debug=debug]
|
|
|
|
Bluetooth(R) options:
|
|
-bt hci,null dumb bluetooth HCI - doesn't respond to commands
|
|
-bt hci,host[:id]
|
|
use host's HCI with the given name
|
|
-bt hci[,vlan=n]
|
|
emulate a standard HCI in virtual scatternet 'n'
|
|
-bt vhci[,vlan=n]
|
|
add host computer to virtual scatternet 'n' using VHCI
|
|
-bt device:dev[,vlan=n]
|
|
emulate a bluetooth device 'dev' in scatternet 'n'
|
|
|
|
Linux/Multiboot boot specific:
|
|
-kernel bzImage use 'bzImage' as kernel image
|
|
-append cmdline use 'cmdline' as kernel command line
|
|
-initrd file use 'file' as initial ram disk
|
|
|
|
Debug/Expert options:
|
|
-serial dev redirect the serial port to char device 'dev'
|
|
-parallel dev redirect the parallel port to char device 'dev'
|
|
-monitor dev redirect the monitor to char device 'dev'
|
|
-qmp dev like -monitor but opens in 'control' mode
|
|
-mon chardev=[name][,mode=readline|control][,default]
|
|
-debugcon dev redirect the debug console to char device 'dev'
|
|
-pidfile file write PID to 'file'
|
|
-singlestep always run in singlestep mode
|
|
-S freeze CPU at startup (use 'c' to start execution)
|
|
-gdb dev wait for gdb connection on 'dev'
|
|
-s shorthand for -gdb tcp::1234
|
|
-d item1,... output log to /tmp/qemu.log (use -d ? for a list of log items)
|
|
-D logfile output log to logfile (instead of the default /tmp/qemu.log)
|
|
-hdachs c,h,s[,t]
|
|
force hard disk 0 physical geometry and the optional BIOS
|
|
translation (t=none or lba) (usually qemu can guess them)
|
|
-L path set the directory for the BIOS, VGA BIOS and keymaps
|
|
-bios file set the filename for the BIOS
|
|
-enable-kvm enable KVM full virtualization support
|
|
-xen-domid id specify xen guest domain id
|
|
-xen-create create domain using xen hypercalls, bypassing xend
|
|
warning: should not be used when xend is in use
|
|
-xen-attach attach to existing xen domain
|
|
xend will use this when starting qemu
|
|
-no-reboot exit instead of rebooting
|
|
-no-shutdown stop before shutdown
|
|
-loadvm [tag|id]
|
|
start right away with a saved state (loadvm in monitor)
|
|
-daemonize daemonize QEMU after initializing
|
|
-option-rom rom load a file, rom, into the option ROM space
|
|
-clock force the use of the given methods for timer alarm.
|
|
To see what timers are available use -clock ?
|
|
-rtc [base=utc|localtime|date][,clock=host|vm][,driftfix=none|slew]
|
|
set the RTC base and clock, enable drift fix for clock ticks (x86 only)
|
|
-icount [N|auto]
|
|
enable virtual instruction counter with 2^N clock ticks per
|
|
instruction
|
|
-watchdog i6300esb|ib700
|
|
enable virtual hardware watchdog [default=none]
|
|
-watchdog-action reset|shutdown|poweroff|pause|debug|none
|
|
action when watchdog fires [default=reset]
|
|
-echr chr set terminal escape character instead of ctrl-a
|
|
-virtioconsole c
|
|
set virtio console
|
|
-show-cursor show cursor
|
|
-tb-size n set TB size
|
|
-incoming p prepare for incoming migration, listen on port p
|
|
-nodefaults don't create default devices
|
|
-chroot dir chroot to dir just before starting the VM
|
|
-runas user change to user id user just before starting the VM
|
|
-prom-env variable=value
|
|
set OpenBIOS nvram variables
|
|
-semihosting semihosting mode
|
|
-old-param old param mode
|
|
-readconfig <file>
|
|
-writeconfig <file>
|
|
read/write config file
|
|
-nodefconfig
|
|
do not load default config files at startup
|
|
-trace [events=<file>][,file=<file>]
|
|
specify tracing options
|
|
|
|
During emulation, the following keys are useful:
|
|
ctrl-alt-f toggle full screen
|
|
ctrl-alt-n switch to virtual console 'n'
|
|
ctrl-alt toggle mouse and keyboard grab
|
|
|
|
When using -nographic, press 'ctrl-a h' to get some help.
|