License cleanup: add SPDX GPL-2.0 license identifier to files with no license
Many source files in the tree are missing licensing information, which
makes it harder for compliance tools to determine the correct license.
By default all files without license information are under the default
license of the kernel, which is GPL version 2.
Update the files which contain no license information with the 'GPL-2.0'
SPDX license identifier. The SPDX identifier is a legally binding
shorthand, which can be used instead of the full boiler plate text.
This patch is based on work done by Thomas Gleixner and Kate Stewart and
Philippe Ombredanne.
How this work was done:
Patches were generated and checked against linux-4.14-rc6 for a subset of
the use cases:
- file had no licensing information it it.
- file was a */uapi/* one with no licensing information in it,
- file was a */uapi/* one with existing licensing information,
Further patches will be generated in subsequent months to fix up cases
where non-standard license headers were used, and references to license
had to be inferred by heuristics based on keywords.
The analysis to determine which SPDX License Identifier to be applied to
a file was done in a spreadsheet of side by side results from of the
output of two independent scanners (ScanCode & Windriver) producing SPDX
tag:value files created by Philippe Ombredanne. Philippe prepared the
base worksheet, and did an initial spot review of a few 1000 files.
The 4.13 kernel was the starting point of the analysis with 60,537 files
assessed. Kate Stewart did a file by file comparison of the scanner
results in the spreadsheet to determine which SPDX license identifier(s)
to be applied to the file. She confirmed any determination that was not
immediately clear with lawyers working with the Linux Foundation.
Criteria used to select files for SPDX license identifier tagging was:
- Files considered eligible had to be source code files.
- Make and config files were included as candidates if they contained >5
lines of source
- File already had some variant of a license header in it (even if <5
lines).
All documentation files were explicitly excluded.
The following heuristics were used to determine which SPDX license
identifiers to apply.
- when both scanners couldn't find any license traces, file was
considered to have no license information in it, and the top level
COPYING file license applied.
For non */uapi/* files that summary was:
SPDX license identifier # files
---------------------------------------------------|-------
GPL-2.0 11139
and resulted in the first patch in this series.
If that file was a */uapi/* path one, it was "GPL-2.0 WITH
Linux-syscall-note" otherwise it was "GPL-2.0". Results of that was:
SPDX license identifier # files
---------------------------------------------------|-------
GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note 930
and resulted in the second patch in this series.
- if a file had some form of licensing information in it, and was one
of the */uapi/* ones, it was denoted with the Linux-syscall-note if
any GPL family license was found in the file or had no licensing in
it (per prior point). Results summary:
SPDX license identifier # files
---------------------------------------------------|------
GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note 270
GPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 169
((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-2-Clause) 21
((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-3-Clause) 17
LGPL-2.1+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 15
GPL-1.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 14
((GPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-3-Clause) 5
LGPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 4
LGPL-2.1 WITH Linux-syscall-note 3
((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR MIT) 3
((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) AND MIT) 1
and that resulted in the third patch in this series.
- when the two scanners agreed on the detected license(s), that became
the concluded license(s).
- when there was disagreement between the two scanners (one detected a
license but the other didn't, or they both detected different
licenses) a manual inspection of the file occurred.
- In most cases a manual inspection of the information in the file
resulted in a clear resolution of the license that should apply (and
which scanner probably needed to revisit its heuristics).
- When it was not immediately clear, the license identifier was
confirmed with lawyers working with the Linux Foundation.
- If there was any question as to the appropriate license identifier,
the file was flagged for further research and to be revisited later
in time.
In total, over 70 hours of logged manual review was done on the
spreadsheet to determine the SPDX license identifiers to apply to the
source files by Kate, Philippe, Thomas and, in some cases, confirmation
by lawyers working with the Linux Foundation.
Kate also obtained a third independent scan of the 4.13 code base from
FOSSology, and compared selected files where the other two scanners
disagreed against that SPDX file, to see if there was new insights. The
Windriver scanner is based on an older version of FOSSology in part, so
they are related.
Thomas did random spot checks in about 500 files from the spreadsheets
for the uapi headers and agreed with SPDX license identifier in the
files he inspected. For the non-uapi files Thomas did random spot checks
in about 15000 files.
In initial set of patches against 4.14-rc6, 3 files were found to have
copy/paste license identifier errors, and have been fixed to reflect the
correct identifier.
Additionally Philippe spent 10 hours this week doing a detailed manual
inspection and review of the 12,461 patched files from the initial patch
version early this week with:
- a full scancode scan run, collecting the matched texts, detected
license ids and scores
- reviewing anything where there was a license detected (about 500+
files) to ensure that the applied SPDX license was correct
- reviewing anything where there was no detection but the patch license
was not GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note to ensure that the applied
SPDX license was correct
This produced a worksheet with 20 files needing minor correction. This
worksheet was then exported into 3 different .csv files for the
different types of files to be modified.
These .csv files were then reviewed by Greg. Thomas wrote a script to
parse the csv files and add the proper SPDX tag to the file, in the
format that the file expected. This script was further refined by Greg
based on the output to detect more types of files automatically and to
distinguish between header and source .c files (which need different
comment types.) Finally Greg ran the script using the .csv files to
generate the patches.
Reviewed-by: Kate Stewart <kstewart@linuxfoundation.org>
Reviewed-by: Philippe Ombredanne <pombredanne@nexb.com>
Reviewed-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
2017-11-01 22:07:57 +08:00
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// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
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2015-11-16 22:42:05 +08:00
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/*
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* linux/tools/lib/string.c
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*
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* Copied from linux/lib/string.c, where it is:
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*
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* Copyright (C) 1991, 1992 Linus Torvalds
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*
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* More specifically, the first copied function was strtobool, which
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* was introduced by:
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*
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* d0f1fed29e6e ("Add a strtobool function matching semantics of existing in kernel equivalents")
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* Author: Jonathan Cameron <jic23@cam.ac.uk>
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*/
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2015-11-16 22:36:29 +08:00
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#include <stdlib.h>
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#include <string.h>
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2015-11-16 22:42:05 +08:00
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#include <errno.h>
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2015-11-16 22:36:29 +08:00
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#include <linux/string.h>
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2019-06-26 08:23:18 +08:00
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#include <linux/ctype.h>
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2015-12-15 23:39:33 +08:00
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#include <linux/compiler.h>
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2015-11-16 22:36:29 +08:00
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/**
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* memdup - duplicate region of memory
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*
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* @src: memory region to duplicate
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* @len: memory region length
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*/
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void *memdup(const void *src, size_t len)
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{
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void *p = malloc(len);
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if (p)
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memcpy(p, src, len);
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return p;
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}
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2015-11-16 22:42:05 +08:00
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/**
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* strtobool - convert common user inputs into boolean values
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* @s: input string
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* @res: result
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*
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2017-07-21 02:35:33 +08:00
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* This routine returns 0 iff the first character is one of 'Yy1Nn0', or
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* [oO][NnFf] for "on" and "off". Otherwise it will return -EINVAL. Value
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* pointed to by res is updated upon finding a match.
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2015-11-16 22:42:05 +08:00
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*/
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int strtobool(const char *s, bool *res)
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{
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2017-07-21 02:35:33 +08:00
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if (!s)
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return -EINVAL;
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2015-11-16 22:42:05 +08:00
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switch (s[0]) {
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case 'y':
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case 'Y':
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case '1':
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*res = true;
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2017-07-21 02:35:33 +08:00
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return 0;
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2015-11-16 22:42:05 +08:00
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case 'n':
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case 'N':
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case '0':
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*res = false;
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2017-07-21 02:35:33 +08:00
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return 0;
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case 'o':
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case 'O':
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switch (s[1]) {
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case 'n':
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case 'N':
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*res = true;
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return 0;
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case 'f':
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case 'F':
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*res = false;
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return 0;
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default:
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break;
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}
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2015-11-16 22:42:05 +08:00
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default:
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2017-07-21 02:35:33 +08:00
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break;
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2015-11-16 22:42:05 +08:00
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}
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2017-07-21 02:35:33 +08:00
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return -EINVAL;
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2015-11-16 22:42:05 +08:00
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}
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2015-12-15 23:39:33 +08:00
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/**
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* strlcpy - Copy a C-string into a sized buffer
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* @dest: Where to copy the string to
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* @src: Where to copy the string from
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* @size: size of destination buffer
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*
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* Compatible with *BSD: the result is always a valid
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* NUL-terminated string that fits in the buffer (unless,
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* of course, the buffer size is zero). It does not pad
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* out the result like strncpy() does.
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*
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* If libc has strlcpy() then that version will override this
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* implementation:
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*/
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tools lib: Fix builds when glibc contains strlcpy()
Disable a couple of compilation warnings (which are treated as errors)
on strlcpy() definition and declaration, allowing users to compile perf
and kernel (objtool) when:
1. glibc have strlcpy() (such as in ALT Linux since 2004) objtool and
perf build fails with this (in gcc):
In file included from exec-cmd.c:3:
tools/include/linux/string.h:20:15: error: redundant redeclaration of ‘strlcpy’ [-Werror=redundant-decls]
20 | extern size_t strlcpy(char *dest, const char *src, size_t size);
2. clang ignores `-Wredundant-decls', but produces another warning when
building perf:
CC util/string.o
../lib/string.c:99:8: error: attribute declaration must precede definition [-Werror,-Wignored-attributes]
size_t __weak strlcpy(char *dest, const char *src, size_t size)
../../tools/include/linux/compiler.h:66:34: note: expanded from macro '__weak'
# define __weak __attribute__((weak))
/usr/include/bits/string_fortified.h:151:8: note: previous definition is here
__NTH (strlcpy (char *__restrict __dest, const char *__restrict __src,
Committer notes:
The
#pragma GCC diagnostic
directive was introduced in gcc 4.6, so check for that as well.
Fixes: ce99091 ("perf tools: Move strlcpy() from perf to tools/lib/string.c")
Fixes: 0215d59 ("tools lib: Reinstate strlcpy() header guard with __UCLIBC__")
Resolves: https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=118481
Signed-off-by: Vitaly Chikunov <vt@altlinux.org>
Reviewed-by: Dmitry Levin <ldv@altlinux.org>
Cc: Dmitry Levin <ldv@altlinux.org>
Cc: Josh Poimboeuf <jpoimboe@redhat.com>
Cc: kbuild test robot <lkp@intel.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Cc: Vineet Gupta <vineet.gupta1@synopsys.com>
Link: http://lore.kernel.org/lkml/20191224172029.19690-1-vt@altlinux.org
Signed-off-by: Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@redhat.com>
2019-12-25 01:20:29 +08:00
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#ifdef __clang__
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#pragma clang diagnostic push
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#pragma clang diagnostic ignored "-Wignored-attributes"
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#endif
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2015-12-15 23:39:33 +08:00
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size_t __weak strlcpy(char *dest, const char *src, size_t size)
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{
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size_t ret = strlen(src);
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if (size) {
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size_t len = (ret >= size) ? size - 1 : ret;
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memcpy(dest, src, len);
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dest[len] = '\0';
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}
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return ret;
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}
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tools lib: Fix builds when glibc contains strlcpy()
Disable a couple of compilation warnings (which are treated as errors)
on strlcpy() definition and declaration, allowing users to compile perf
and kernel (objtool) when:
1. glibc have strlcpy() (such as in ALT Linux since 2004) objtool and
perf build fails with this (in gcc):
In file included from exec-cmd.c:3:
tools/include/linux/string.h:20:15: error: redundant redeclaration of ‘strlcpy’ [-Werror=redundant-decls]
20 | extern size_t strlcpy(char *dest, const char *src, size_t size);
2. clang ignores `-Wredundant-decls', but produces another warning when
building perf:
CC util/string.o
../lib/string.c:99:8: error: attribute declaration must precede definition [-Werror,-Wignored-attributes]
size_t __weak strlcpy(char *dest, const char *src, size_t size)
../../tools/include/linux/compiler.h:66:34: note: expanded from macro '__weak'
# define __weak __attribute__((weak))
/usr/include/bits/string_fortified.h:151:8: note: previous definition is here
__NTH (strlcpy (char *__restrict __dest, const char *__restrict __src,
Committer notes:
The
#pragma GCC diagnostic
directive was introduced in gcc 4.6, so check for that as well.
Fixes: ce99091 ("perf tools: Move strlcpy() from perf to tools/lib/string.c")
Fixes: 0215d59 ("tools lib: Reinstate strlcpy() header guard with __UCLIBC__")
Resolves: https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=118481
Signed-off-by: Vitaly Chikunov <vt@altlinux.org>
Reviewed-by: Dmitry Levin <ldv@altlinux.org>
Cc: Dmitry Levin <ldv@altlinux.org>
Cc: Josh Poimboeuf <jpoimboe@redhat.com>
Cc: kbuild test robot <lkp@intel.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Cc: Vineet Gupta <vineet.gupta1@synopsys.com>
Link: http://lore.kernel.org/lkml/20191224172029.19690-1-vt@altlinux.org
Signed-off-by: Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@redhat.com>
2019-12-25 01:20:29 +08:00
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#ifdef __clang__
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#pragma clang diagnostic pop
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#endif
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2019-06-26 08:23:18 +08:00
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/**
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* skip_spaces - Removes leading whitespace from @str.
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* @str: The string to be stripped.
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*
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* Returns a pointer to the first non-whitespace character in @str.
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*/
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char *skip_spaces(const char *str)
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{
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while (isspace(*str))
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++str;
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return (char *)str;
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}
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2019-06-26 22:50:16 +08:00
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/**
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* strim - Removes leading and trailing whitespace from @s.
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* @s: The string to be stripped.
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*
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* Note that the first trailing whitespace is replaced with a %NUL-terminator
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* in the given string @s. Returns a pointer to the first non-whitespace
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* character in @s.
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*/
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char *strim(char *s)
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{
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size_t size;
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char *end;
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size = strlen(s);
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if (!size)
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return s;
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end = s + size - 1;
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while (end >= s && isspace(*end))
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end--;
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*(end + 1) = '\0';
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return skip_spaces(s);
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}
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2019-06-26 23:24:03 +08:00
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/**
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* strreplace - Replace all occurrences of character in string.
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* @s: The string to operate on.
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* @old: The character being replaced.
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* @new: The character @old is replaced with.
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*
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* Returns pointer to the nul byte at the end of @s.
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*/
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char *strreplace(char *s, char old, char new)
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{
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for (; *s; ++s)
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if (*s == old)
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*s = new;
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return s;
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}
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