linux/drivers/md/md-linear.c

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// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
/*
linear.c : Multiple Devices driver for Linux
Copyright (C) 1994-96 Marc ZYNGIER
<zyngier@ufr-info-p7.ibp.fr> or
<maz@gloups.fdn.fr>
Linear mode management functions.
*/
#include <linux/blkdev.h>
#include <linux/raid/md_u.h>
#include <linux/seq_file.h>
#include <linux/module.h>
include cleanup: Update gfp.h and slab.h includes to prepare for breaking implicit slab.h inclusion from percpu.h percpu.h is included by sched.h and module.h and thus ends up being included when building most .c files. percpu.h includes slab.h which in turn includes gfp.h making everything defined by the two files universally available and complicating inclusion dependencies. percpu.h -> slab.h dependency is about to be removed. Prepare for this change by updating users of gfp and slab facilities include those headers directly instead of assuming availability. As this conversion needs to touch large number of source files, the following script is used as the basis of conversion. http://userweb.kernel.org/~tj/misc/slabh-sweep.py The script does the followings. * Scan files for gfp and slab usages and update includes such that only the necessary includes are there. ie. if only gfp is used, gfp.h, if slab is used, slab.h. * When the script inserts a new include, it looks at the include blocks and try to put the new include such that its order conforms to its surrounding. It's put in the include block which contains core kernel includes, in the same order that the rest are ordered - alphabetical, Christmas tree, rev-Xmas-tree or at the end if there doesn't seem to be any matching order. * If the script can't find a place to put a new include (mostly because the file doesn't have fitting include block), it prints out an error message indicating which .h file needs to be added to the file. The conversion was done in the following steps. 1. The initial automatic conversion of all .c files updated slightly over 4000 files, deleting around 700 includes and adding ~480 gfp.h and ~3000 slab.h inclusions. The script emitted errors for ~400 files. 2. Each error was manually checked. Some didn't need the inclusion, some needed manual addition while adding it to implementation .h or embedding .c file was more appropriate for others. This step added inclusions to around 150 files. 3. The script was run again and the output was compared to the edits from #2 to make sure no file was left behind. 4. Several build tests were done and a couple of problems were fixed. e.g. lib/decompress_*.c used malloc/free() wrappers around slab APIs requiring slab.h to be added manually. 5. The script was run on all .h files but without automatically editing them as sprinkling gfp.h and slab.h inclusions around .h files could easily lead to inclusion dependency hell. Most gfp.h inclusion directives were ignored as stuff from gfp.h was usually wildly available and often used in preprocessor macros. Each slab.h inclusion directive was examined and added manually as necessary. 6. percpu.h was updated not to include slab.h. 7. Build test were done on the following configurations and failures were fixed. CONFIG_GCOV_KERNEL was turned off for all tests (as my distributed build env didn't work with gcov compiles) and a few more options had to be turned off depending on archs to make things build (like ipr on powerpc/64 which failed due to missing writeq). * x86 and x86_64 UP and SMP allmodconfig and a custom test config. * powerpc and powerpc64 SMP allmodconfig * sparc and sparc64 SMP allmodconfig * ia64 SMP allmodconfig * s390 SMP allmodconfig * alpha SMP allmodconfig * um on x86_64 SMP allmodconfig 8. percpu.h modifications were reverted so that it could be applied as a separate patch and serve as bisection point. Given the fact that I had only a couple of failures from tests on step 6, I'm fairly confident about the coverage of this conversion patch. If there is a breakage, it's likely to be something in one of the arch headers which should be easily discoverable easily on most builds of the specific arch. Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org> Guess-its-ok-by: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux-foundation.org> Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com> Cc: Lee Schermerhorn <Lee.Schermerhorn@hp.com>
2010-03-24 16:04:11 +08:00
#include <linux/slab.h>
#include <trace/events/block.h>
#include "md.h"
#include "md-linear.h"
/*
* find which device holds a particular offset
*/
static inline struct dev_info *which_dev(struct mddev *mddev, sector_t sector)
{
int lo, mid, hi;
struct linear_conf *conf;
lo = 0;
hi = mddev->raid_disks - 1;
conf = mddev->private;
/*
* Binary Search
*/
while (hi > lo) {
mid = (hi + lo) / 2;
if (sector < conf->disks[mid].end_sector)
hi = mid;
else
lo = mid + 1;
}
return conf->disks + lo;
}
md linear: fix a race between linear_add() and linear_congested() Recently I receive a bug report that on Linux v3.0 based kerenl, hot add disk to a md linear device causes kernel crash at linear_congested(). From the crash image analysis, I find in linear_congested(), mddev->raid_disks contains value N, but conf->disks[] only has N-1 pointers available. Then a NULL pointer deference crashes the kernel. There is a race between linear_add() and linear_congested(), RCU stuffs used in these two functions cannot avoid the race. Since Linuv v4.0 RCU code is replaced by introducing mddev_suspend(). After checking the upstream code, it seems linear_congested() is not called in generic_make_request() code patch, so mddev_suspend() cannot provent it from being called. The possible race still exists. Here I explain how the race still exists in current code. For a machine has many CPUs, on one CPU, linear_add() is called to add a hard disk to a md linear device; at the same time on other CPU, linear_congested() is called to detect whether this md linear device is congested before issuing an I/O request onto it. Now I use a possible code execution time sequence to demo how the possible race happens, seq linear_add() linear_congested() 0 conf=mddev->private 1 oldconf=mddev->private 2 mddev->raid_disks++ 3 for (i=0; i<mddev->raid_disks;i++) 4 bdev_get_queue(conf->disks[i].rdev->bdev) 5 mddev->private=newconf In linear_add() mddev->raid_disks is increased in time seq 2, and on another CPU in linear_congested() the for-loop iterates conf->disks[i] by the increased mddev->raid_disks in time seq 3,4. But conf with one more element (which is a pointer to struct dev_info type) to conf->disks[] is not updated yet, accessing its structure member in time seq 4 will cause a NULL pointer deference fault. To fix this race, there are 2 parts of modification in the patch, 1) Add 'int raid_disks' in struct linear_conf, as a copy of mddev->raid_disks. It is initialized in linear_conf(), always being consistent with pointers number of 'struct dev_info disks[]'. When iterating conf->disks[] in linear_congested(), use conf->raid_disks to replace mddev->raid_disks in the for-loop, then NULL pointer deference will not happen again. 2) RCU stuffs are back again, and use kfree_rcu() in linear_add() to free oldconf memory. Because oldconf may be referenced as mddev->private in linear_congested(), kfree_rcu() makes sure that its memory will not be released until no one uses it any more. Also some code comments are added in this patch, to make this modification to be easier understandable. This patch can be applied for kernels since v4.0 after commit: 3be260cc18f8 ("md/linear: remove rcu protections in favour of suspend/resume"). But this bug is reported on Linux v3.0 based kernel, for people who maintain kernels before Linux v4.0, they need to do some back back port to this patch. Changelog: - V3: add 'int raid_disks' in struct linear_conf, and use kfree_rcu() to replace rcu_call() in linear_add(). - v2: add RCU stuffs by suggestion from Shaohua and Neil. - v1: initial effort. Signed-off-by: Coly Li <colyli@suse.de> Cc: Shaohua Li <shli@fb.com> Cc: Neil Brown <neilb@suse.com> Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org Signed-off-by: Shaohua Li <shli@fb.com>
2017-01-28 21:11:49 +08:00
/*
* In linear_congested() conf->raid_disks is used as a copy of
* mddev->raid_disks to iterate conf->disks[], because conf->raid_disks
* and conf->disks[] are created in linear_conf(), they are always
* consitent with each other, but mddev->raid_disks does not.
*/
static int linear_congested(struct mddev *mddev, int bits)
{
struct linear_conf *conf;
int i, ret = 0;
md linear: fix a race between linear_add() and linear_congested() Recently I receive a bug report that on Linux v3.0 based kerenl, hot add disk to a md linear device causes kernel crash at linear_congested(). From the crash image analysis, I find in linear_congested(), mddev->raid_disks contains value N, but conf->disks[] only has N-1 pointers available. Then a NULL pointer deference crashes the kernel. There is a race between linear_add() and linear_congested(), RCU stuffs used in these two functions cannot avoid the race. Since Linuv v4.0 RCU code is replaced by introducing mddev_suspend(). After checking the upstream code, it seems linear_congested() is not called in generic_make_request() code patch, so mddev_suspend() cannot provent it from being called. The possible race still exists. Here I explain how the race still exists in current code. For a machine has many CPUs, on one CPU, linear_add() is called to add a hard disk to a md linear device; at the same time on other CPU, linear_congested() is called to detect whether this md linear device is congested before issuing an I/O request onto it. Now I use a possible code execution time sequence to demo how the possible race happens, seq linear_add() linear_congested() 0 conf=mddev->private 1 oldconf=mddev->private 2 mddev->raid_disks++ 3 for (i=0; i<mddev->raid_disks;i++) 4 bdev_get_queue(conf->disks[i].rdev->bdev) 5 mddev->private=newconf In linear_add() mddev->raid_disks is increased in time seq 2, and on another CPU in linear_congested() the for-loop iterates conf->disks[i] by the increased mddev->raid_disks in time seq 3,4. But conf with one more element (which is a pointer to struct dev_info type) to conf->disks[] is not updated yet, accessing its structure member in time seq 4 will cause a NULL pointer deference fault. To fix this race, there are 2 parts of modification in the patch, 1) Add 'int raid_disks' in struct linear_conf, as a copy of mddev->raid_disks. It is initialized in linear_conf(), always being consistent with pointers number of 'struct dev_info disks[]'. When iterating conf->disks[] in linear_congested(), use conf->raid_disks to replace mddev->raid_disks in the for-loop, then NULL pointer deference will not happen again. 2) RCU stuffs are back again, and use kfree_rcu() in linear_add() to free oldconf memory. Because oldconf may be referenced as mddev->private in linear_congested(), kfree_rcu() makes sure that its memory will not be released until no one uses it any more. Also some code comments are added in this patch, to make this modification to be easier understandable. This patch can be applied for kernels since v4.0 after commit: 3be260cc18f8 ("md/linear: remove rcu protections in favour of suspend/resume"). But this bug is reported on Linux v3.0 based kernel, for people who maintain kernels before Linux v4.0, they need to do some back back port to this patch. Changelog: - V3: add 'int raid_disks' in struct linear_conf, and use kfree_rcu() to replace rcu_call() in linear_add(). - v2: add RCU stuffs by suggestion from Shaohua and Neil. - v1: initial effort. Signed-off-by: Coly Li <colyli@suse.de> Cc: Shaohua Li <shli@fb.com> Cc: Neil Brown <neilb@suse.com> Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org Signed-off-by: Shaohua Li <shli@fb.com>
2017-01-28 21:11:49 +08:00
rcu_read_lock();
conf = rcu_dereference(mddev->private);
md linear: fix a race between linear_add() and linear_congested() Recently I receive a bug report that on Linux v3.0 based kerenl, hot add disk to a md linear device causes kernel crash at linear_congested(). From the crash image analysis, I find in linear_congested(), mddev->raid_disks contains value N, but conf->disks[] only has N-1 pointers available. Then a NULL pointer deference crashes the kernel. There is a race between linear_add() and linear_congested(), RCU stuffs used in these two functions cannot avoid the race. Since Linuv v4.0 RCU code is replaced by introducing mddev_suspend(). After checking the upstream code, it seems linear_congested() is not called in generic_make_request() code patch, so mddev_suspend() cannot provent it from being called. The possible race still exists. Here I explain how the race still exists in current code. For a machine has many CPUs, on one CPU, linear_add() is called to add a hard disk to a md linear device; at the same time on other CPU, linear_congested() is called to detect whether this md linear device is congested before issuing an I/O request onto it. Now I use a possible code execution time sequence to demo how the possible race happens, seq linear_add() linear_congested() 0 conf=mddev->private 1 oldconf=mddev->private 2 mddev->raid_disks++ 3 for (i=0; i<mddev->raid_disks;i++) 4 bdev_get_queue(conf->disks[i].rdev->bdev) 5 mddev->private=newconf In linear_add() mddev->raid_disks is increased in time seq 2, and on another CPU in linear_congested() the for-loop iterates conf->disks[i] by the increased mddev->raid_disks in time seq 3,4. But conf with one more element (which is a pointer to struct dev_info type) to conf->disks[] is not updated yet, accessing its structure member in time seq 4 will cause a NULL pointer deference fault. To fix this race, there are 2 parts of modification in the patch, 1) Add 'int raid_disks' in struct linear_conf, as a copy of mddev->raid_disks. It is initialized in linear_conf(), always being consistent with pointers number of 'struct dev_info disks[]'. When iterating conf->disks[] in linear_congested(), use conf->raid_disks to replace mddev->raid_disks in the for-loop, then NULL pointer deference will not happen again. 2) RCU stuffs are back again, and use kfree_rcu() in linear_add() to free oldconf memory. Because oldconf may be referenced as mddev->private in linear_congested(), kfree_rcu() makes sure that its memory will not be released until no one uses it any more. Also some code comments are added in this patch, to make this modification to be easier understandable. This patch can be applied for kernels since v4.0 after commit: 3be260cc18f8 ("md/linear: remove rcu protections in favour of suspend/resume"). But this bug is reported on Linux v3.0 based kernel, for people who maintain kernels before Linux v4.0, they need to do some back back port to this patch. Changelog: - V3: add 'int raid_disks' in struct linear_conf, and use kfree_rcu() to replace rcu_call() in linear_add(). - v2: add RCU stuffs by suggestion from Shaohua and Neil. - v1: initial effort. Signed-off-by: Coly Li <colyli@suse.de> Cc: Shaohua Li <shli@fb.com> Cc: Neil Brown <neilb@suse.com> Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org Signed-off-by: Shaohua Li <shli@fb.com>
2017-01-28 21:11:49 +08:00
for (i = 0; i < conf->raid_disks && !ret ; i++) {
struct request_queue *q = bdev_get_queue(conf->disks[i].rdev->bdev);
ret |= bdi_congested(q->backing_dev_info, bits);
}
md linear: fix a race between linear_add() and linear_congested() Recently I receive a bug report that on Linux v3.0 based kerenl, hot add disk to a md linear device causes kernel crash at linear_congested(). From the crash image analysis, I find in linear_congested(), mddev->raid_disks contains value N, but conf->disks[] only has N-1 pointers available. Then a NULL pointer deference crashes the kernel. There is a race between linear_add() and linear_congested(), RCU stuffs used in these two functions cannot avoid the race. Since Linuv v4.0 RCU code is replaced by introducing mddev_suspend(). After checking the upstream code, it seems linear_congested() is not called in generic_make_request() code patch, so mddev_suspend() cannot provent it from being called. The possible race still exists. Here I explain how the race still exists in current code. For a machine has many CPUs, on one CPU, linear_add() is called to add a hard disk to a md linear device; at the same time on other CPU, linear_congested() is called to detect whether this md linear device is congested before issuing an I/O request onto it. Now I use a possible code execution time sequence to demo how the possible race happens, seq linear_add() linear_congested() 0 conf=mddev->private 1 oldconf=mddev->private 2 mddev->raid_disks++ 3 for (i=0; i<mddev->raid_disks;i++) 4 bdev_get_queue(conf->disks[i].rdev->bdev) 5 mddev->private=newconf In linear_add() mddev->raid_disks is increased in time seq 2, and on another CPU in linear_congested() the for-loop iterates conf->disks[i] by the increased mddev->raid_disks in time seq 3,4. But conf with one more element (which is a pointer to struct dev_info type) to conf->disks[] is not updated yet, accessing its structure member in time seq 4 will cause a NULL pointer deference fault. To fix this race, there are 2 parts of modification in the patch, 1) Add 'int raid_disks' in struct linear_conf, as a copy of mddev->raid_disks. It is initialized in linear_conf(), always being consistent with pointers number of 'struct dev_info disks[]'. When iterating conf->disks[] in linear_congested(), use conf->raid_disks to replace mddev->raid_disks in the for-loop, then NULL pointer deference will not happen again. 2) RCU stuffs are back again, and use kfree_rcu() in linear_add() to free oldconf memory. Because oldconf may be referenced as mddev->private in linear_congested(), kfree_rcu() makes sure that its memory will not be released until no one uses it any more. Also some code comments are added in this patch, to make this modification to be easier understandable. This patch can be applied for kernels since v4.0 after commit: 3be260cc18f8 ("md/linear: remove rcu protections in favour of suspend/resume"). But this bug is reported on Linux v3.0 based kernel, for people who maintain kernels before Linux v4.0, they need to do some back back port to this patch. Changelog: - V3: add 'int raid_disks' in struct linear_conf, and use kfree_rcu() to replace rcu_call() in linear_add(). - v2: add RCU stuffs by suggestion from Shaohua and Neil. - v1: initial effort. Signed-off-by: Coly Li <colyli@suse.de> Cc: Shaohua Li <shli@fb.com> Cc: Neil Brown <neilb@suse.com> Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org Signed-off-by: Shaohua Li <shli@fb.com>
2017-01-28 21:11:49 +08:00
rcu_read_unlock();
return ret;
}
static sector_t linear_size(struct mddev *mddev, sector_t sectors, int raid_disks)
{
struct linear_conf *conf;
sector_t array_sectors;
conf = mddev->private;
WARN_ONCE(sectors || raid_disks,
"%s does not support generic reshape\n", __func__);
array_sectors = conf->array_sectors;
return array_sectors;
}
static struct linear_conf *linear_conf(struct mddev *mddev, int raid_disks)
{
struct linear_conf *conf;
struct md_rdev *rdev;
int i, cnt;
bool discard_supported = false;
conf = kzalloc(struct_size(conf, disks, raid_disks), GFP_KERNEL);
if (!conf)
return NULL;
cnt = 0;
conf->array_sectors = 0;
rdev_for_each(rdev, mddev) {
int j = rdev->raid_disk;
struct dev_info *disk = conf->disks + j;
sector_t sectors;
if (j < 0 || j >= raid_disks || disk->rdev) {
pr_warn("md/linear:%s: disk numbering problem. Aborting!\n",
mdname(mddev));
goto out;
}
disk->rdev = rdev;
if (mddev->chunk_sectors) {
sectors = rdev->sectors;
sector_div(sectors, mddev->chunk_sectors);
rdev->sectors = sectors * mddev->chunk_sectors;
}
disk_stack_limits(mddev->gendisk, rdev->bdev,
rdev->data_offset << 9);
conf->array_sectors += rdev->sectors;
cnt++;
if (blk_queue_discard(bdev_get_queue(rdev->bdev)))
discard_supported = true;
}
if (cnt != raid_disks) {
pr_warn("md/linear:%s: not enough drives present. Aborting!\n",
mdname(mddev));
goto out;
}
if (!discard_supported)
blk_queue_flag_clear(QUEUE_FLAG_DISCARD, mddev->queue);
else
blk_queue_flag_set(QUEUE_FLAG_DISCARD, mddev->queue);
/*
* Here we calculate the device offsets.
*/
conf->disks[0].end_sector = conf->disks[0].rdev->sectors;
for (i = 1; i < raid_disks; i++)
conf->disks[i].end_sector =
conf->disks[i-1].end_sector +
conf->disks[i].rdev->sectors;
md linear: fix a race between linear_add() and linear_congested() Recently I receive a bug report that on Linux v3.0 based kerenl, hot add disk to a md linear device causes kernel crash at linear_congested(). From the crash image analysis, I find in linear_congested(), mddev->raid_disks contains value N, but conf->disks[] only has N-1 pointers available. Then a NULL pointer deference crashes the kernel. There is a race between linear_add() and linear_congested(), RCU stuffs used in these two functions cannot avoid the race. Since Linuv v4.0 RCU code is replaced by introducing mddev_suspend(). After checking the upstream code, it seems linear_congested() is not called in generic_make_request() code patch, so mddev_suspend() cannot provent it from being called. The possible race still exists. Here I explain how the race still exists in current code. For a machine has many CPUs, on one CPU, linear_add() is called to add a hard disk to a md linear device; at the same time on other CPU, linear_congested() is called to detect whether this md linear device is congested before issuing an I/O request onto it. Now I use a possible code execution time sequence to demo how the possible race happens, seq linear_add() linear_congested() 0 conf=mddev->private 1 oldconf=mddev->private 2 mddev->raid_disks++ 3 for (i=0; i<mddev->raid_disks;i++) 4 bdev_get_queue(conf->disks[i].rdev->bdev) 5 mddev->private=newconf In linear_add() mddev->raid_disks is increased in time seq 2, and on another CPU in linear_congested() the for-loop iterates conf->disks[i] by the increased mddev->raid_disks in time seq 3,4. But conf with one more element (which is a pointer to struct dev_info type) to conf->disks[] is not updated yet, accessing its structure member in time seq 4 will cause a NULL pointer deference fault. To fix this race, there are 2 parts of modification in the patch, 1) Add 'int raid_disks' in struct linear_conf, as a copy of mddev->raid_disks. It is initialized in linear_conf(), always being consistent with pointers number of 'struct dev_info disks[]'. When iterating conf->disks[] in linear_congested(), use conf->raid_disks to replace mddev->raid_disks in the for-loop, then NULL pointer deference will not happen again. 2) RCU stuffs are back again, and use kfree_rcu() in linear_add() to free oldconf memory. Because oldconf may be referenced as mddev->private in linear_congested(), kfree_rcu() makes sure that its memory will not be released until no one uses it any more. Also some code comments are added in this patch, to make this modification to be easier understandable. This patch can be applied for kernels since v4.0 after commit: 3be260cc18f8 ("md/linear: remove rcu protections in favour of suspend/resume"). But this bug is reported on Linux v3.0 based kernel, for people who maintain kernels before Linux v4.0, they need to do some back back port to this patch. Changelog: - V3: add 'int raid_disks' in struct linear_conf, and use kfree_rcu() to replace rcu_call() in linear_add(). - v2: add RCU stuffs by suggestion from Shaohua and Neil. - v1: initial effort. Signed-off-by: Coly Li <colyli@suse.de> Cc: Shaohua Li <shli@fb.com> Cc: Neil Brown <neilb@suse.com> Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org Signed-off-by: Shaohua Li <shli@fb.com>
2017-01-28 21:11:49 +08:00
/*
* conf->raid_disks is copy of mddev->raid_disks. The reason to
* keep a copy of mddev->raid_disks in struct linear_conf is,
* mddev->raid_disks may not be consistent with pointers number of
* conf->disks[] when it is updated in linear_add() and used to
* iterate old conf->disks[] earray in linear_congested().
* Here conf->raid_disks is always consitent with number of
* pointers in conf->disks[] array, and mddev->private is updated
* with rcu_assign_pointer() in linear_addr(), such race can be
* avoided.
*/
conf->raid_disks = raid_disks;
return conf;
out:
kfree(conf);
return NULL;
}
static int linear_run (struct mddev *mddev)
{
struct linear_conf *conf;
int ret;
if (md_check_no_bitmap(mddev))
return -EINVAL;
conf = linear_conf(mddev, mddev->raid_disks);
if (!conf)
return 1;
mddev->private = conf;
md_set_array_sectors(mddev, linear_size(mddev, 0, 0));
ret = md_integrity_register(mddev);
if (ret) {
kfree(conf);
mddev->private = NULL;
}
return ret;
}
static int linear_add(struct mddev *mddev, struct md_rdev *rdev)
{
/* Adding a drive to a linear array allows the array to grow.
* It is permitted if the new drive has a matching superblock
* already on it, with raid_disk equal to raid_disks.
* It is achieved by creating a new linear_private_data structure
* and swapping it in in-place of the current one.
* The current one is never freed until the array is stopped.
* This avoids races.
*/
struct linear_conf *newconf, *oldconf;
if (rdev->saved_raid_disk != mddev->raid_disks)
return -EINVAL;
rdev->raid_disk = rdev->saved_raid_disk;
rdev->saved_raid_disk = -1;
newconf = linear_conf(mddev,mddev->raid_disks+1);
if (!newconf)
return -ENOMEM;
md linear: fix a race between linear_add() and linear_congested() Recently I receive a bug report that on Linux v3.0 based kerenl, hot add disk to a md linear device causes kernel crash at linear_congested(). From the crash image analysis, I find in linear_congested(), mddev->raid_disks contains value N, but conf->disks[] only has N-1 pointers available. Then a NULL pointer deference crashes the kernel. There is a race between linear_add() and linear_congested(), RCU stuffs used in these two functions cannot avoid the race. Since Linuv v4.0 RCU code is replaced by introducing mddev_suspend(). After checking the upstream code, it seems linear_congested() is not called in generic_make_request() code patch, so mddev_suspend() cannot provent it from being called. The possible race still exists. Here I explain how the race still exists in current code. For a machine has many CPUs, on one CPU, linear_add() is called to add a hard disk to a md linear device; at the same time on other CPU, linear_congested() is called to detect whether this md linear device is congested before issuing an I/O request onto it. Now I use a possible code execution time sequence to demo how the possible race happens, seq linear_add() linear_congested() 0 conf=mddev->private 1 oldconf=mddev->private 2 mddev->raid_disks++ 3 for (i=0; i<mddev->raid_disks;i++) 4 bdev_get_queue(conf->disks[i].rdev->bdev) 5 mddev->private=newconf In linear_add() mddev->raid_disks is increased in time seq 2, and on another CPU in linear_congested() the for-loop iterates conf->disks[i] by the increased mddev->raid_disks in time seq 3,4. But conf with one more element (which is a pointer to struct dev_info type) to conf->disks[] is not updated yet, accessing its structure member in time seq 4 will cause a NULL pointer deference fault. To fix this race, there are 2 parts of modification in the patch, 1) Add 'int raid_disks' in struct linear_conf, as a copy of mddev->raid_disks. It is initialized in linear_conf(), always being consistent with pointers number of 'struct dev_info disks[]'. When iterating conf->disks[] in linear_congested(), use conf->raid_disks to replace mddev->raid_disks in the for-loop, then NULL pointer deference will not happen again. 2) RCU stuffs are back again, and use kfree_rcu() in linear_add() to free oldconf memory. Because oldconf may be referenced as mddev->private in linear_congested(), kfree_rcu() makes sure that its memory will not be released until no one uses it any more. Also some code comments are added in this patch, to make this modification to be easier understandable. This patch can be applied for kernels since v4.0 after commit: 3be260cc18f8 ("md/linear: remove rcu protections in favour of suspend/resume"). But this bug is reported on Linux v3.0 based kernel, for people who maintain kernels before Linux v4.0, they need to do some back back port to this patch. Changelog: - V3: add 'int raid_disks' in struct linear_conf, and use kfree_rcu() to replace rcu_call() in linear_add(). - v2: add RCU stuffs by suggestion from Shaohua and Neil. - v1: initial effort. Signed-off-by: Coly Li <colyli@suse.de> Cc: Shaohua Li <shli@fb.com> Cc: Neil Brown <neilb@suse.com> Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org Signed-off-by: Shaohua Li <shli@fb.com>
2017-01-28 21:11:49 +08:00
/* newconf->raid_disks already keeps a copy of * the increased
* value of mddev->raid_disks, WARN_ONCE() is just used to make
* sure of this. It is possible that oldconf is still referenced
* in linear_congested(), therefore kfree_rcu() is used to free
* oldconf until no one uses it anymore.
*/
mddev_suspend(mddev);
oldconf = rcu_dereference_protected(mddev->private,
lockdep_is_held(&mddev->reconfig_mutex));
mddev->raid_disks++;
md linear: fix a race between linear_add() and linear_congested() Recently I receive a bug report that on Linux v3.0 based kerenl, hot add disk to a md linear device causes kernel crash at linear_congested(). From the crash image analysis, I find in linear_congested(), mddev->raid_disks contains value N, but conf->disks[] only has N-1 pointers available. Then a NULL pointer deference crashes the kernel. There is a race between linear_add() and linear_congested(), RCU stuffs used in these two functions cannot avoid the race. Since Linuv v4.0 RCU code is replaced by introducing mddev_suspend(). After checking the upstream code, it seems linear_congested() is not called in generic_make_request() code patch, so mddev_suspend() cannot provent it from being called. The possible race still exists. Here I explain how the race still exists in current code. For a machine has many CPUs, on one CPU, linear_add() is called to add a hard disk to a md linear device; at the same time on other CPU, linear_congested() is called to detect whether this md linear device is congested before issuing an I/O request onto it. Now I use a possible code execution time sequence to demo how the possible race happens, seq linear_add() linear_congested() 0 conf=mddev->private 1 oldconf=mddev->private 2 mddev->raid_disks++ 3 for (i=0; i<mddev->raid_disks;i++) 4 bdev_get_queue(conf->disks[i].rdev->bdev) 5 mddev->private=newconf In linear_add() mddev->raid_disks is increased in time seq 2, and on another CPU in linear_congested() the for-loop iterates conf->disks[i] by the increased mddev->raid_disks in time seq 3,4. But conf with one more element (which is a pointer to struct dev_info type) to conf->disks[] is not updated yet, accessing its structure member in time seq 4 will cause a NULL pointer deference fault. To fix this race, there are 2 parts of modification in the patch, 1) Add 'int raid_disks' in struct linear_conf, as a copy of mddev->raid_disks. It is initialized in linear_conf(), always being consistent with pointers number of 'struct dev_info disks[]'. When iterating conf->disks[] in linear_congested(), use conf->raid_disks to replace mddev->raid_disks in the for-loop, then NULL pointer deference will not happen again. 2) RCU stuffs are back again, and use kfree_rcu() in linear_add() to free oldconf memory. Because oldconf may be referenced as mddev->private in linear_congested(), kfree_rcu() makes sure that its memory will not be released until no one uses it any more. Also some code comments are added in this patch, to make this modification to be easier understandable. This patch can be applied for kernels since v4.0 after commit: 3be260cc18f8 ("md/linear: remove rcu protections in favour of suspend/resume"). But this bug is reported on Linux v3.0 based kernel, for people who maintain kernels before Linux v4.0, they need to do some back back port to this patch. Changelog: - V3: add 'int raid_disks' in struct linear_conf, and use kfree_rcu() to replace rcu_call() in linear_add(). - v2: add RCU stuffs by suggestion from Shaohua and Neil. - v1: initial effort. Signed-off-by: Coly Li <colyli@suse.de> Cc: Shaohua Li <shli@fb.com> Cc: Neil Brown <neilb@suse.com> Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org Signed-off-by: Shaohua Li <shli@fb.com>
2017-01-28 21:11:49 +08:00
WARN_ONCE(mddev->raid_disks != newconf->raid_disks,
"copied raid_disks doesn't match mddev->raid_disks");
rcu_assign_pointer(mddev->private, newconf);
md_set_array_sectors(mddev, linear_size(mddev, 0, 0));
set_capacity(mddev->gendisk, mddev->array_sectors);
mddev_resume(mddev);
revalidate_disk(mddev->gendisk);
md linear: fix a race between linear_add() and linear_congested() Recently I receive a bug report that on Linux v3.0 based kerenl, hot add disk to a md linear device causes kernel crash at linear_congested(). From the crash image analysis, I find in linear_congested(), mddev->raid_disks contains value N, but conf->disks[] only has N-1 pointers available. Then a NULL pointer deference crashes the kernel. There is a race between linear_add() and linear_congested(), RCU stuffs used in these two functions cannot avoid the race. Since Linuv v4.0 RCU code is replaced by introducing mddev_suspend(). After checking the upstream code, it seems linear_congested() is not called in generic_make_request() code patch, so mddev_suspend() cannot provent it from being called. The possible race still exists. Here I explain how the race still exists in current code. For a machine has many CPUs, on one CPU, linear_add() is called to add a hard disk to a md linear device; at the same time on other CPU, linear_congested() is called to detect whether this md linear device is congested before issuing an I/O request onto it. Now I use a possible code execution time sequence to demo how the possible race happens, seq linear_add() linear_congested() 0 conf=mddev->private 1 oldconf=mddev->private 2 mddev->raid_disks++ 3 for (i=0; i<mddev->raid_disks;i++) 4 bdev_get_queue(conf->disks[i].rdev->bdev) 5 mddev->private=newconf In linear_add() mddev->raid_disks is increased in time seq 2, and on another CPU in linear_congested() the for-loop iterates conf->disks[i] by the increased mddev->raid_disks in time seq 3,4. But conf with one more element (which is a pointer to struct dev_info type) to conf->disks[] is not updated yet, accessing its structure member in time seq 4 will cause a NULL pointer deference fault. To fix this race, there are 2 parts of modification in the patch, 1) Add 'int raid_disks' in struct linear_conf, as a copy of mddev->raid_disks. It is initialized in linear_conf(), always being consistent with pointers number of 'struct dev_info disks[]'. When iterating conf->disks[] in linear_congested(), use conf->raid_disks to replace mddev->raid_disks in the for-loop, then NULL pointer deference will not happen again. 2) RCU stuffs are back again, and use kfree_rcu() in linear_add() to free oldconf memory. Because oldconf may be referenced as mddev->private in linear_congested(), kfree_rcu() makes sure that its memory will not be released until no one uses it any more. Also some code comments are added in this patch, to make this modification to be easier understandable. This patch can be applied for kernels since v4.0 after commit: 3be260cc18f8 ("md/linear: remove rcu protections in favour of suspend/resume"). But this bug is reported on Linux v3.0 based kernel, for people who maintain kernels before Linux v4.0, they need to do some back back port to this patch. Changelog: - V3: add 'int raid_disks' in struct linear_conf, and use kfree_rcu() to replace rcu_call() in linear_add(). - v2: add RCU stuffs by suggestion from Shaohua and Neil. - v1: initial effort. Signed-off-by: Coly Li <colyli@suse.de> Cc: Shaohua Li <shli@fb.com> Cc: Neil Brown <neilb@suse.com> Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org Signed-off-by: Shaohua Li <shli@fb.com>
2017-01-28 21:11:49 +08:00
kfree_rcu(oldconf, rcu);
return 0;
}
static void linear_free(struct mddev *mddev, void *priv)
{
struct linear_conf *conf = priv;
kfree(conf);
}
static bool linear_make_request(struct mddev *mddev, struct bio *bio)
{
char b[BDEVNAME_SIZE];
struct dev_info *tmp_dev;
sector_t start_sector, end_sector, data_offset;
sector_t bio_sector = bio->bi_iter.bi_sector;
if (unlikely(bio->bi_opf & REQ_PREFLUSH)
&& md_flush_request(mddev, bio))
return true;
tmp_dev = which_dev(mddev, bio_sector);
start_sector = tmp_dev->end_sector - tmp_dev->rdev->sectors;
end_sector = tmp_dev->end_sector;
data_offset = tmp_dev->rdev->data_offset;
if (unlikely(bio_sector >= end_sector ||
bio_sector < start_sector))
goto out_of_bounds;
md raid0/linear: Mark array as 'broken' and fail BIOs if a member is gone Currently md raid0/linear are not provided with any mechanism to validate if an array member got removed or failed. The driver keeps sending BIOs regardless of the state of array members, and kernel shows state 'clean' in the 'array_state' sysfs attribute. This leads to the following situation: if a raid0/linear array member is removed and the array is mounted, some user writing to this array won't realize that errors are happening unless they check dmesg or perform one fsync per written file. Despite udev signaling the member device is gone, 'mdadm' cannot issue the STOP_ARRAY ioctl successfully, given the array is mounted. In other words, no -EIO is returned and writes (except direct ones) appear normal. Meaning the user might think the wrote data is correctly stored in the array, but instead garbage was written given that raid0 does stripping (and so, it requires all its members to be working in order to not corrupt data). For md/linear, writes to the available members will work fine, but if the writes go to the missing member(s), it'll cause a file corruption situation, whereas the portion of the writes to the missing devices aren't written effectively. This patch changes this behavior: we check if the block device's gendisk is UP when submitting the BIO to the array member, and if it isn't, we flag the md device as MD_BROKEN and fail subsequent I/Os to that device; a read request to the array requiring data from a valid member is still completed. While flagging the device as MD_BROKEN, we also show a rate-limited warning in the kernel log. A new array state 'broken' was added too: it mimics the state 'clean' in every aspect, being useful only to distinguish if the array has some member missing. We rely on the MD_BROKEN flag to put the array in the 'broken' state. This state cannot be written in 'array_state' as it just shows one or more members of the array are missing but acts like 'clean', it wouldn't make sense to write it. With this patch, the filesystem reacts much faster to the event of missing array member: after some I/O errors, ext4 for instance aborts the journal and prevents corruption. Without this change, we're able to keep writing in the disk and after a machine reboot, e2fsck shows some severe fs errors that demand fixing. This patch was tested in ext4 and xfs filesystems, and requires a 'mdadm' counterpart to handle the 'broken' state. Cc: Song Liu <songliubraving@fb.com> Reviewed-by: NeilBrown <neilb@suse.de> Signed-off-by: Guilherme G. Piccoli <gpiccoli@canonical.com> Signed-off-by: Song Liu <songliubraving@fb.com>
2019-09-04 03:49:00 +08:00
if (unlikely(is_mddev_broken(tmp_dev->rdev, "linear"))) {
bio_io_error(bio);
return true;
}
if (unlikely(bio_end_sector(bio) > end_sector)) {
/* This bio crosses a device boundary, so we have to split it */
struct bio *split = bio_split(bio, end_sector - bio_sector,
GFP_NOIO, &mddev->bio_set);
bio_chain(split, bio);
generic_make_request(bio);
bio = split;
}
bio_set_dev(bio, tmp_dev->rdev->bdev);
bio->bi_iter.bi_sector = bio->bi_iter.bi_sector -
start_sector + data_offset;
if (unlikely((bio_op(bio) == REQ_OP_DISCARD) &&
!blk_queue_discard(bio->bi_disk->queue))) {
/* Just ignore it */
bio_endio(bio);
} else {
if (mddev->gendisk)
trace_block_bio_remap(bio->bi_disk->queue,
bio, disk_devt(mddev->gendisk),
bio_sector);
mddev_check_writesame(mddev, bio);
2017-05-02 05:09:21 +08:00
mddev_check_write_zeroes(mddev, bio);
generic_make_request(bio);
}
return true;
out_of_bounds:
pr_err("md/linear:%s: make_request: Sector %llu out of bounds on dev %s: %llu sectors, offset %llu\n",
mdname(mddev),
(unsigned long long)bio->bi_iter.bi_sector,
bdevname(tmp_dev->rdev->bdev, b),
(unsigned long long)tmp_dev->rdev->sectors,
(unsigned long long)start_sector);
bio_io_error(bio);
return true;
}
static void linear_status (struct seq_file *seq, struct mddev *mddev)
{
seq_printf(seq, " %dk rounding", mddev->chunk_sectors / 2);
}
static void linear_quiesce(struct mddev *mddev, int state)
{
}
static struct md_personality linear_personality =
{
.name = "linear",
.level = LEVEL_LINEAR,
.owner = THIS_MODULE,
.make_request = linear_make_request,
.run = linear_run,
.free = linear_free,
.status = linear_status,
.hot_add_disk = linear_add,
.size = linear_size,
.quiesce = linear_quiesce,
.congested = linear_congested,
};
static int __init linear_init (void)
{
return register_md_personality (&linear_personality);
}
static void linear_exit (void)
{
unregister_md_personality (&linear_personality);
}
module_init(linear_init);
module_exit(linear_exit);
MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
MODULE_DESCRIPTION("Linear device concatenation personality for MD");
MODULE_ALIAS("md-personality-1"); /* LINEAR - deprecated*/
MODULE_ALIAS("md-linear");
MODULE_ALIAS("md-level--1");