2016-07-07 15:10:36 +08:00
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Linuxized ACPICA - Introduction to ACPICA Release Automation
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Copyright (C) 2013-2016, Intel Corporation
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Author: Lv Zheng <lv.zheng@intel.com>
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Abstract:
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This document describes the ACPICA project and the relationship between
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ACPICA and Linux. It also describes how ACPICA code in drivers/acpi/acpica,
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include/acpi and tools/power/acpi is automatically updated to follow the
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upstream.
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1. ACPICA Project
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The ACPI Component Architecture (ACPICA) project provides an operating
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system (OS)-independent reference implementation of the Advanced
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Configuration and Power Interface Specification (ACPI). It has been
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adapted by various host OSes. By directly integrating ACPICA, Linux can
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also benefit from the application experiences of ACPICA from other host
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OSes.
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The homepage of ACPICA project is: www.acpica.org, it is maintained and
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supported by Intel Corporation.
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2017-04-19 10:07:56 +08:00
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The following figure depicts the Linux ACPI subsystem where the ACPICA
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2016-07-07 15:10:36 +08:00
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adaptation is included:
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+---------------------------------------------------------+
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| +---------------------------------------------------+ |
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| | +------------------+ | |
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| | | Table Management | | |
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| | +------------------+ | |
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| | +----------------------+ | |
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| | | Namespace Management | | |
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| | +----------------------+ | |
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| | +------------------+ ACPICA Components | |
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| | | Event Management | | |
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| | +------------------+ | |
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| | +---------------------+ | |
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| | | Resource Management | | |
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| | +---------------------+ | |
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| | +---------------------+ | |
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| | | Hardware Management | | |
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| | +---------------------+ | |
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| +---------------------------------------------------+ | |
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| | | +------------------+ | | |
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| | | | OS Service Layer | | | |
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| | | +------------------+ | | |
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| | +-------------------------------------------------|-+ |
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| | +--------------------+ | |
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| | | Device Enumeration | | |
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| | +--------------------+ | |
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| | +------------------+ | |
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| | | Power Management | | |
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| | +------------------+ Linux/ACPI Components | |
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| | +--------------------+ | |
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| | | Thermal Management | | |
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| | +--------------------+ | |
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| | +--------------------------+ | |
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| | | Drivers for ACPI Devices | | |
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| | +--------------------------+ | |
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| | +--------+ | |
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| | | ...... | | |
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| | +--------+ | |
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| +---------------------------------------------------+ |
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+---------------------------------------------------------+
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Figure 1. Linux ACPI Software Components
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NOTE:
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A. OS Service Layer - Provided by Linux to offer OS dependent
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implementation of the predefined ACPICA interfaces (acpi_os_*).
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include/acpi/acpiosxf.h
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drivers/acpi/osl.c
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include/acpi/platform
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include/asm/acenv.h
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B. ACPICA Functionality - Released from ACPICA code base to offer
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OS independent implementation of the ACPICA interfaces (acpi_*).
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drivers/acpi/acpica
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include/acpi/ac*.h
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tools/power/acpi
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C. Linux/ACPI Functionality - Providing Linux specific ACPI
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functionality to the other Linux kernel subsystems and user space
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programs.
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drivers/acpi
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include/linux/acpi.h
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include/linux/acpi*.h
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include/acpi
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tools/power/acpi
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D. Architecture Specific ACPICA/ACPI Functionalities - Provided by the
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ACPI subsystem to offer architecture specific implementation of the
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ACPI interfaces. They are Linux specific components and are out of
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the scope of this document.
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include/asm/acpi.h
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include/asm/acpi*.h
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arch/*/acpi
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2. ACPICA Release
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The ACPICA project maintains its code base at the following repository URL:
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https://github.com/acpica/acpica.git. As a rule, a release is made every
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month.
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As the coding style adopted by the ACPICA project is not acceptable by
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Linux, there is a release process to convert the ACPICA git commits into
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Linux patches. The patches generated by this process are referred to as
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"linuxized ACPICA patches". The release process is carried out on a local
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copy the ACPICA git repository. Each commit in the monthly release is
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converted into a linuxized ACPICA patch. Together, they form the monthly
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ACPICA release patchset for the Linux ACPI community. This process is
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illustrated in the following figure:
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+-----------------------------+
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| acpica / master (-) commits |
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+-----------------------------+
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/|\ |
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| \|/
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| /---------------------\ +----------------------+
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| < Linuxize repo Utility >-->| old linuxized acpica |--+
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| \---------------------/ +----------------------+ |
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/---------\ |
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< git reset > \
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\---------/ \
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/|\ /+-+
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| / |
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+-----------------------------+ | |
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| acpica / master (+) commits | | |
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+-----------------------------+ | |
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\|/ | |
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/-----------------------\ +----------------------+ | |
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< Linuxize repo Utilities >-->| new linuxized acpica |--+ |
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\-----------------------/ +----------------------+ |
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\|/
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+--------------------------+ /----------------------\
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| Linuxized ACPICA Patches |<----------------< Linuxize patch Utility >
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+--------------------------+ \----------------------/
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\|/
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/---------------------------\
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< Linux ACPI Community Review >
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\---------------------------/
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\|/
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+-----------------------+ /------------------\ +----------------+
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| linux-pm / linux-next |-->< Linux Merge Window >-->| linux / master |
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+-----------------------+ \------------------/ +----------------+
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Figure 2. ACPICA -> Linux Upstream Process
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NOTE:
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A. Linuxize Utilities - Provided by the ACPICA repository, including a
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utility located in source/tools/acpisrc folder and a number of
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scripts located in generate/linux folder.
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B. acpica / master - "master" branch of the git repository at
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<https://github.com/acpica/acpica.git>.
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C. linux-pm / linux-next - "linux-next" branch of the git repository at
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<http://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/rafael/linux-pm.git>.
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D. linux / master - "master" branch of the git repository at
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<http://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/torvalds/linux.git>.
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Before the linuxized ACPICA patches are sent to the Linux ACPI community
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for review, there is a quality assurance build test process to reduce
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porting issues. Currently this build process only takes care of the
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following kernel configuration options:
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CONFIG_ACPI/CONFIG_ACPI_DEBUG/CONFIG_ACPI_DEBUGGER
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3. ACPICA Divergences
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Ideally, all of the ACPICA commits should be converted into Linux patches
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automatically without manual modifications, the "linux / master" tree should
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contain the ACPICA code that exactly corresponds to the ACPICA code
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contained in "new linuxized acpica" tree and it should be possible to run
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the release process fully automatically.
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As a matter of fact, however, there are source code differences between
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the ACPICA code in Linux and the upstream ACPICA code, referred to as
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"ACPICA Divergences".
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The various sources of ACPICA divergences include:
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1. Legacy divergences - Before the current ACPICA release process was
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established, there already had been divergences between Linux and
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ACPICA. Over the past several years those divergences have been greatly
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reduced, but there still are several ones and it takes time to figure
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out the underlying reasons for their existence.
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2. Manual modifications - Any manual modification (eg. coding style fixes)
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made directly in the Linux sources obviously hurts the ACPICA release
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automation. Thus it is recommended to fix such issues in the ACPICA
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upstream source code and generate the linuxized fix using the ACPICA
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release utilities (please refer to Section 4 below for the details).
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3. Linux specific features - Sometimes it's impossible to use the
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current ACPICA APIs to implement features required by the Linux kernel,
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so Linux developers occasionally have to change ACPICA code directly.
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Those changes may not be acceptable by ACPICA upstream and in such cases
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they are left as committed ACPICA divergences unless the ACPICA side can
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implement new mechanisms as replacements for them.
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4. ACPICA release fixups - ACPICA only tests commits using a set of the
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user space simulation utilities, thus the linuxized ACPICA patches may
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break the Linux kernel, leaving us build/boot failures. In order to
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avoid breaking Linux bisection, fixes are applied directly to the
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linuxized ACPICA patches during the release process. When the release
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fixups are backported to the upstream ACPICA sources, they must follow
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the upstream ACPICA rules and so further modifications may appear.
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That may result in the appearance of new divergences.
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5. Fast tracking of ACPICA commits - Some ACPICA commits are regression
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fixes or stable-candidate material, so they are applied in advance with
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respect to the ACPICA release process. If such commits are reverted or
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rebased on the ACPICA side in order to offer better solutions, new ACPICA
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divergences are generated.
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4. ACPICA Development
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This paragraph guides Linux developers to use the ACPICA upstream release
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utilities to obtain Linux patches corresponding to upstream ACPICA commits
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before they become available from the ACPICA release process.
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1. Cherry-pick an ACPICA commit
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First you need to git clone the ACPICA repository and the ACPICA change
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you want to cherry pick must be committed into the local repository.
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Then the gen-patch.sh command can help to cherry-pick an ACPICA commit
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from the ACPICA local repository:
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$ git clone https://github.com/acpica/acpica
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$ cd acpica
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$ generate/linux/gen-patch.sh -u [commit ID]
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Here the commit ID is the ACPICA local repository commit ID you want to
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cherry pick. It can be omitted if the commit is "HEAD".
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2. Cherry-pick recent ACPICA commits
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Sometimes you need to rebase your code on top of the most recent ACPICA
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changes that haven't been applied to Linux yet.
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You can generate the ACPICA release series yourself and rebase your code on
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top of the generated ACPICA release patches:
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$ git clone https://github.com/acpica/acpica
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$ cd acpica
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$ generate/linux/make-patches.sh -u [commit ID]
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The commit ID should be the last ACPICA commit accepted by Linux. Usually,
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it is the commit modifying ACPI_CA_VERSION. It can be found by executing
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"git blame source/include/acpixf.h" and referencing the line that contains
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"ACPI_CA_VERSION".
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3. Inspect the current divergences
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If you have local copies of both Linux and upstream ACPICA, you can generate
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a diff file indicating the state of the current divergences:
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# git clone https://github.com/acpica/acpica
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# git clone http://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/torvalds/linux.git
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# cd acpica
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# generate/linux/divergences.sh -s ../linux
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