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blk-mq: new multi-queue block IO queueing mechanism Linux currently has two models for block devices: - The classic request_fn based approach, where drivers use struct request units for IO. The block layer provides various helper functionalities to let drivers share code, things like tag management, timeout handling, queueing, etc. - The "stacked" approach, where a driver squeezes in between the block layer and IO submitter. Since this bypasses the IO stack, driver generally have to manage everything themselves. With drivers being written for new high IOPS devices, the classic request_fn based driver doesn't work well enough. The design dates back to when both SMP and high IOPS was rare. It has problems with scaling to bigger machines, and runs into scaling issues even on smaller machines when you have IOPS in the hundreds of thousands per device. The stacked approach is then most often selected as the model for the driver. But this means that everybody has to re-invent everything, and along with that we get all the problems again that the shared approach solved. This commit introduces blk-mq, block multi queue support. The design is centered around per-cpu queues for queueing IO, which then funnel down into x number of hardware submission queues. We might have a 1:1 mapping between the two, or it might be an N:M mapping. That all depends on what the hardware supports. blk-mq provides various helper functions, which include: - Scalable support for request tagging. Most devices need to be able to uniquely identify a request both in the driver and to the hardware. The tagging uses per-cpu caches for freed tags, to enable cache hot reuse. - Timeout handling without tracking request on a per-device basis. Basically the driver should be able to get a notification, if a request happens to fail. - Optional support for non 1:1 mappings between issue and submission queues. blk-mq can redirect IO completions to the desired location. - Support for per-request payloads. Drivers almost always need to associate a request structure with some driver private command structure. Drivers can tell blk-mq this at init time, and then any request handed to the driver will have the required size of memory associated with it. - Support for merging of IO, and plugging. The stacked model gets neither of these. Even for high IOPS devices, merging sequential IO reduces per-command overhead and thus increases bandwidth. For now, this is provided as a potential 3rd queueing model, with the hope being that, as it matures, it can replace both the classic and stacked model. That would get us back to having just 1 real model for block devices, leaving the stacked approach to dm/md devices (as it was originally intended). Contributions in this patch from the following people: Shaohua Li <shli@fusionio.com> Alexander Gordeev <agordeev@redhat.com> Christoph Hellwig <hch@infradead.org> Mike Christie <michaelc@cs.wisc.edu> Matias Bjorling <m@bjorling.me> Jeff Moyer <jmoyer@redhat.com> Acked-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de> Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
2013-10-24 16:20:05 +08:00
#ifndef INT_BLK_MQ_H
#define INT_BLK_MQ_H
block: add scalable completion tracking of requests For legacy block, we simply track them in the request queue. For blk-mq, we track them on a per-sw queue basis, which we can then sum up through the hardware queues and finally to a per device state. The stats are tracked in, roughly, 0.1s interval windows. Add sysfs files to display the stats. The feature is off by default, to avoid any extra overhead. In-kernel users of it can turn it on by setting QUEUE_FLAG_STATS in the queue flags. We currently don't turn it on if someone just reads any of the stats files, that is something we could add as well. Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@fb.com>
2016-11-08 12:32:37 +08:00
#include "blk-stat.h"
blk-mq: split out tag initialization, support shared tags Add a new blk_mq_tag_set structure that gets set up before we initialize the queue. A single blk_mq_tag_set structure can be shared by multiple queues. Signed-off-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de> Modular export of blk_mq_{alloc,free}_tagset added by me. Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@fb.com>
2014-04-16 04:14:00 +08:00
struct blk_mq_tag_set;
blk-mq: new multi-queue block IO queueing mechanism Linux currently has two models for block devices: - The classic request_fn based approach, where drivers use struct request units for IO. The block layer provides various helper functionalities to let drivers share code, things like tag management, timeout handling, queueing, etc. - The "stacked" approach, where a driver squeezes in between the block layer and IO submitter. Since this bypasses the IO stack, driver generally have to manage everything themselves. With drivers being written for new high IOPS devices, the classic request_fn based driver doesn't work well enough. The design dates back to when both SMP and high IOPS was rare. It has problems with scaling to bigger machines, and runs into scaling issues even on smaller machines when you have IOPS in the hundreds of thousands per device. The stacked approach is then most often selected as the model for the driver. But this means that everybody has to re-invent everything, and along with that we get all the problems again that the shared approach solved. This commit introduces blk-mq, block multi queue support. The design is centered around per-cpu queues for queueing IO, which then funnel down into x number of hardware submission queues. We might have a 1:1 mapping between the two, or it might be an N:M mapping. That all depends on what the hardware supports. blk-mq provides various helper functions, which include: - Scalable support for request tagging. Most devices need to be able to uniquely identify a request both in the driver and to the hardware. The tagging uses per-cpu caches for freed tags, to enable cache hot reuse. - Timeout handling without tracking request on a per-device basis. Basically the driver should be able to get a notification, if a request happens to fail. - Optional support for non 1:1 mappings between issue and submission queues. blk-mq can redirect IO completions to the desired location. - Support for per-request payloads. Drivers almost always need to associate a request structure with some driver private command structure. Drivers can tell blk-mq this at init time, and then any request handed to the driver will have the required size of memory associated with it. - Support for merging of IO, and plugging. The stacked model gets neither of these. Even for high IOPS devices, merging sequential IO reduces per-command overhead and thus increases bandwidth. For now, this is provided as a potential 3rd queueing model, with the hope being that, as it matures, it can replace both the classic and stacked model. That would get us back to having just 1 real model for block devices, leaving the stacked approach to dm/md devices (as it was originally intended). Contributions in this patch from the following people: Shaohua Li <shli@fusionio.com> Alexander Gordeev <agordeev@redhat.com> Christoph Hellwig <hch@infradead.org> Mike Christie <michaelc@cs.wisc.edu> Matias Bjorling <m@bjorling.me> Jeff Moyer <jmoyer@redhat.com> Acked-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de> Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
2013-10-24 16:20:05 +08:00
struct blk_mq_ctx {
struct {
spinlock_t lock;
struct list_head rq_list;
} ____cacheline_aligned_in_smp;
unsigned int cpu;
unsigned int index_hw;
/* incremented at dispatch time */
unsigned long rq_dispatched[2];
unsigned long rq_merged;
/* incremented at completion time */
unsigned long ____cacheline_aligned_in_smp rq_completed[2];
block: add scalable completion tracking of requests For legacy block, we simply track them in the request queue. For blk-mq, we track them on a per-sw queue basis, which we can then sum up through the hardware queues and finally to a per device state. The stats are tracked in, roughly, 0.1s interval windows. Add sysfs files to display the stats. The feature is off by default, to avoid any extra overhead. In-kernel users of it can turn it on by setting QUEUE_FLAG_STATS in the queue flags. We currently don't turn it on if someone just reads any of the stats files, that is something we could add as well. Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@fb.com>
2016-11-08 12:32:37 +08:00
struct blk_rq_stat stat[2];
blk-mq: new multi-queue block IO queueing mechanism Linux currently has two models for block devices: - The classic request_fn based approach, where drivers use struct request units for IO. The block layer provides various helper functionalities to let drivers share code, things like tag management, timeout handling, queueing, etc. - The "stacked" approach, where a driver squeezes in between the block layer and IO submitter. Since this bypasses the IO stack, driver generally have to manage everything themselves. With drivers being written for new high IOPS devices, the classic request_fn based driver doesn't work well enough. The design dates back to when both SMP and high IOPS was rare. It has problems with scaling to bigger machines, and runs into scaling issues even on smaller machines when you have IOPS in the hundreds of thousands per device. The stacked approach is then most often selected as the model for the driver. But this means that everybody has to re-invent everything, and along with that we get all the problems again that the shared approach solved. This commit introduces blk-mq, block multi queue support. The design is centered around per-cpu queues for queueing IO, which then funnel down into x number of hardware submission queues. We might have a 1:1 mapping between the two, or it might be an N:M mapping. That all depends on what the hardware supports. blk-mq provides various helper functions, which include: - Scalable support for request tagging. Most devices need to be able to uniquely identify a request both in the driver and to the hardware. The tagging uses per-cpu caches for freed tags, to enable cache hot reuse. - Timeout handling without tracking request on a per-device basis. Basically the driver should be able to get a notification, if a request happens to fail. - Optional support for non 1:1 mappings between issue and submission queues. blk-mq can redirect IO completions to the desired location. - Support for per-request payloads. Drivers almost always need to associate a request structure with some driver private command structure. Drivers can tell blk-mq this at init time, and then any request handed to the driver will have the required size of memory associated with it. - Support for merging of IO, and plugging. The stacked model gets neither of these. Even for high IOPS devices, merging sequential IO reduces per-command overhead and thus increases bandwidth. For now, this is provided as a potential 3rd queueing model, with the hope being that, as it matures, it can replace both the classic and stacked model. That would get us back to having just 1 real model for block devices, leaving the stacked approach to dm/md devices (as it was originally intended). Contributions in this patch from the following people: Shaohua Li <shli@fusionio.com> Alexander Gordeev <agordeev@redhat.com> Christoph Hellwig <hch@infradead.org> Mike Christie <michaelc@cs.wisc.edu> Matias Bjorling <m@bjorling.me> Jeff Moyer <jmoyer@redhat.com> Acked-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de> Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
2013-10-24 16:20:05 +08:00
struct request_queue *queue;
struct kobject kobj;
blk-mq: implement new and more efficient tagging scheme blk-mq currently uses percpu_ida for tag allocation. But that only works well if the ratio between tag space and number of CPUs is sufficiently high. For most devices and systems, that is not the case. The end result if that we either only utilize the tag space partially, or we end up attempting to fully exhaust it and run into lots of lock contention with stealing between CPUs. This is not optimal. This new tagging scheme is a hybrid bitmap allocator. It uses two tricks to both be SMP friendly and allow full exhaustion of the space: 1) We cache the last allocated (or freed) tag on a per blk-mq software context basis. This allows us to limit the space we have to search. The key element here is not caching it in the shared tag structure, otherwise we end up dirtying more shared cache lines on each allocate/free operation. 2) The tag space is split into cache line sized groups, and each context will start off randomly in that space. Even up to full utilization of the space, this divides the tag users efficiently into cache line groups, avoiding dirtying the same one both between allocators and between allocator and freeer. This scheme shows drastically better behaviour, both on small tag spaces but on large ones as well. It has been tested extensively to show better performance for all the cases blk-mq cares about. Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@fb.com>
2014-05-09 23:36:49 +08:00
} ____cacheline_aligned_in_smp;
blk-mq: new multi-queue block IO queueing mechanism Linux currently has two models for block devices: - The classic request_fn based approach, where drivers use struct request units for IO. The block layer provides various helper functionalities to let drivers share code, things like tag management, timeout handling, queueing, etc. - The "stacked" approach, where a driver squeezes in between the block layer and IO submitter. Since this bypasses the IO stack, driver generally have to manage everything themselves. With drivers being written for new high IOPS devices, the classic request_fn based driver doesn't work well enough. The design dates back to when both SMP and high IOPS was rare. It has problems with scaling to bigger machines, and runs into scaling issues even on smaller machines when you have IOPS in the hundreds of thousands per device. The stacked approach is then most often selected as the model for the driver. But this means that everybody has to re-invent everything, and along with that we get all the problems again that the shared approach solved. This commit introduces blk-mq, block multi queue support. The design is centered around per-cpu queues for queueing IO, which then funnel down into x number of hardware submission queues. We might have a 1:1 mapping between the two, or it might be an N:M mapping. That all depends on what the hardware supports. blk-mq provides various helper functions, which include: - Scalable support for request tagging. Most devices need to be able to uniquely identify a request both in the driver and to the hardware. The tagging uses per-cpu caches for freed tags, to enable cache hot reuse. - Timeout handling without tracking request on a per-device basis. Basically the driver should be able to get a notification, if a request happens to fail. - Optional support for non 1:1 mappings between issue and submission queues. blk-mq can redirect IO completions to the desired location. - Support for per-request payloads. Drivers almost always need to associate a request structure with some driver private command structure. Drivers can tell blk-mq this at init time, and then any request handed to the driver will have the required size of memory associated with it. - Support for merging of IO, and plugging. The stacked model gets neither of these. Even for high IOPS devices, merging sequential IO reduces per-command overhead and thus increases bandwidth. For now, this is provided as a potential 3rd queueing model, with the hope being that, as it matures, it can replace both the classic and stacked model. That would get us back to having just 1 real model for block devices, leaving the stacked approach to dm/md devices (as it was originally intended). Contributions in this patch from the following people: Shaohua Li <shli@fusionio.com> Alexander Gordeev <agordeev@redhat.com> Christoph Hellwig <hch@infradead.org> Mike Christie <michaelc@cs.wisc.edu> Matias Bjorling <m@bjorling.me> Jeff Moyer <jmoyer@redhat.com> Acked-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de> Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
2013-10-24 16:20:05 +08:00
void blk_mq_run_hw_queue(struct blk_mq_hw_ctx *hctx, bool async);
blk-mq: decouble blk-mq freezing from generic bypassing blk_mq freezing is entangled with generic bypassing which bypasses blkcg and io scheduler and lets IO requests fall through the block layer to the drivers in FIFO order. This allows forward progress on IOs with the advanced features disabled so that those features can be configured or altered without worrying about stalling IO which may lead to deadlock through memory allocation. However, generic bypassing doesn't quite fit blk-mq. blk-mq currently doesn't make use of blkcg or ioscheds and it maps bypssing to freezing, which blocks request processing and drains all the in-flight ones. This causes problems as bypassing assumes that request processing is online. blk-mq works around this by conditionally allowing request processing for the problem case - during queue initialization. Another weirdity is that except for during queue cleanup, bypassing started on the generic side prevents blk-mq from processing new requests but doesn't drain the in-flight ones. This shouldn't break anything but again highlights that something isn't quite right here. The root cause is conflating blk-mq freezing and generic bypassing which are two different mechanisms. The only intersecting purpose that they serve is during queue cleanup. Let's properly separate blk-mq freezing from generic bypassing and simply use it where necessary. * request_queue->mq_freeze_depth is added and blk_mq_[un]freeze_queue() now operate on this counter instead of ->bypass_depth. The replacement for QUEUE_FLAG_BYPASS isn't added but the counter is tested directly. This will be further updated by later changes. * blk_mq_drain_queue() is dropped and "__" prefix is dropped from blk_mq_freeze_queue(). Queue cleanup path now calls blk_mq_freeze_queue() directly. * blk_queue_enter()'s fast path condition is simplified to simply check @q->mq_freeze_depth. Previously, the condition was !blk_queue_dying(q) && (!blk_queue_bypass(q) || !blk_queue_init_done(q)) mq_freeze_depth is incremented right after dying is set and blk_queue_init_done() exception isn't necessary as blk-mq doesn't start frozen, which only leaves the blk_queue_bypass() test which can be replaced by @q->mq_freeze_depth test. This change simplifies the code and reduces confusion in the area. Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org> Cc: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk> Cc: Nicholas A. Bellinger <nab@linux-iscsi.org> Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@fb.com>
2014-07-02 00:31:13 +08:00
void blk_mq_freeze_queue(struct request_queue *q);
block: blk-mq: don't export blk_mq_free_queue() blk_mq_free_queue() is called from release handler of queue kobject, so it needn't be called from drivers. Cc: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk> Signed-off-by: Ming Lei <tom.leiming@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
2013-12-26 21:31:38 +08:00
void blk_mq_free_queue(struct request_queue *q);
blk-mq: allow changing of queue depth through sysfs For request_fn based devices, the block layer exports a 'nr_requests' file through sysfs to allow adjusting of queue depth on the fly. Currently this returns -EINVAL for blk-mq, since it's not wired up. Wire this up for blk-mq, so that it now also always dynamic adjustments of the allowed queue depth for any given block device managed by blk-mq. Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@fb.com>
2014-05-21 01:49:02 +08:00
int blk_mq_update_nr_requests(struct request_queue *q, unsigned int nr);
block: wake up waiters when a queue is marked dying If it's dying, we can't expect new request to complete and come in an wake up other tasks waiting for requests. So after we have marked it as dying, wake up everybody currently waiting for a request. Once they wake, they will retry their allocation and fail appropriately due to the state of the queue. Tested-by: Keith Busch <keith.busch@intel.com> Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@fb.com>
2014-12-23 05:04:42 +08:00
void blk_mq_wake_waiters(struct request_queue *q);
blk-mq: abstract out blk_mq_dispatch_rq_list() helper Takes a list of requests, and dispatches it. Moves any residual requests to the dispatch list. Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@fb.com> Reviewed-by: Hannes Reinecke <hare@suse.com>
2016-12-07 23:41:17 +08:00
bool blk_mq_dispatch_rq_list(struct blk_mq_hw_ctx *, struct list_head *);
blk-mq: export some helpers we need to the scheduling framework Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@fb.com> Reviewed-by: Johannes Thumshirn <jthumshirn@suse.de> Reviewed-by: Omar Sandoval <osandov@fb.com>
2016-12-15 05:34:47 +08:00
void blk_mq_flush_busy_ctxs(struct blk_mq_hw_ctx *hctx, struct list_head *list);
/*
* Internal helpers for allocating/freeing the request map
*/
blk-mq: abstract out helpers for allocating/freeing tag maps Prep patch for adding an extra tag map for scheduler requests. Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@fb.com> Reviewed-by: Bart Van Assche <bart.vanassche@sandisk.com> Reviewed-by: Omar Sandoval <osandov@fb.com>
2017-01-12 05:29:56 +08:00
void blk_mq_free_rqs(struct blk_mq_tag_set *set, struct blk_mq_tags *tags,
unsigned int hctx_idx);
void blk_mq_free_rq_map(struct blk_mq_tags *tags);
struct blk_mq_tags *blk_mq_alloc_rq_map(struct blk_mq_tag_set *set,
unsigned int hctx_idx,
unsigned int nr_tags,
unsigned int reserved_tags);
int blk_mq_alloc_rqs(struct blk_mq_tag_set *set, struct blk_mq_tags *tags,
unsigned int hctx_idx, unsigned int depth);
blk-mq: export some helpers we need to the scheduling framework Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@fb.com> Reviewed-by: Johannes Thumshirn <jthumshirn@suse.de> Reviewed-by: Omar Sandoval <osandov@fb.com>
2016-12-15 05:34:47 +08:00
/*
* Internal helpers for request insertion into sw queues
*/
void __blk_mq_insert_request(struct blk_mq_hw_ctx *hctx, struct request *rq,
bool at_head);
blk-mq-sched: add framework for MQ capable IO schedulers This adds a set of hooks that intercepts the blk-mq path of allocating/inserting/issuing/completing requests, allowing us to develop a scheduler within that framework. We reuse the existing elevator scheduler API on the registration side, but augment that with the scheduler flagging support for the blk-mq interfce, and with a separate set of ops hooks for MQ devices. We split driver and scheduler tags, so we can run the scheduling independently of device queue depth. Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@fb.com> Reviewed-by: Bart Van Assche <bart.vanassche@sandisk.com> Reviewed-by: Omar Sandoval <osandov@fb.com>
2017-01-17 21:03:22 +08:00
void blk_mq_insert_requests(struct blk_mq_hw_ctx *hctx, struct blk_mq_ctx *ctx,
struct list_head *list);
blk-mq: new multi-queue block IO queueing mechanism Linux currently has two models for block devices: - The classic request_fn based approach, where drivers use struct request units for IO. The block layer provides various helper functionalities to let drivers share code, things like tag management, timeout handling, queueing, etc. - The "stacked" approach, where a driver squeezes in between the block layer and IO submitter. Since this bypasses the IO stack, driver generally have to manage everything themselves. With drivers being written for new high IOPS devices, the classic request_fn based driver doesn't work well enough. The design dates back to when both SMP and high IOPS was rare. It has problems with scaling to bigger machines, and runs into scaling issues even on smaller machines when you have IOPS in the hundreds of thousands per device. The stacked approach is then most often selected as the model for the driver. But this means that everybody has to re-invent everything, and along with that we get all the problems again that the shared approach solved. This commit introduces blk-mq, block multi queue support. The design is centered around per-cpu queues for queueing IO, which then funnel down into x number of hardware submission queues. We might have a 1:1 mapping between the two, or it might be an N:M mapping. That all depends on what the hardware supports. blk-mq provides various helper functions, which include: - Scalable support for request tagging. Most devices need to be able to uniquely identify a request both in the driver and to the hardware. The tagging uses per-cpu caches for freed tags, to enable cache hot reuse. - Timeout handling without tracking request on a per-device basis. Basically the driver should be able to get a notification, if a request happens to fail. - Optional support for non 1:1 mappings between issue and submission queues. blk-mq can redirect IO completions to the desired location. - Support for per-request payloads. Drivers almost always need to associate a request structure with some driver private command structure. Drivers can tell blk-mq this at init time, and then any request handed to the driver will have the required size of memory associated with it. - Support for merging of IO, and plugging. The stacked model gets neither of these. Even for high IOPS devices, merging sequential IO reduces per-command overhead and thus increases bandwidth. For now, this is provided as a potential 3rd queueing model, with the hope being that, as it matures, it can replace both the classic and stacked model. That would get us back to having just 1 real model for block devices, leaving the stacked approach to dm/md devices (as it was originally intended). Contributions in this patch from the following people: Shaohua Li <shli@fusionio.com> Alexander Gordeev <agordeev@redhat.com> Christoph Hellwig <hch@infradead.org> Mike Christie <michaelc@cs.wisc.edu> Matias Bjorling <m@bjorling.me> Jeff Moyer <jmoyer@redhat.com> Acked-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de> Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
2013-10-24 16:20:05 +08:00
/*
* CPU hotplug helpers
*/
blk-mq: don't dump CPU -> hw queue map on driver load Now that we are out of initial debug/bringup mode, remove the verbose dump of the mapping table. Provide the mapping table in sysfs, under the hardware queue directory, in the cpu_list file. Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@fb.com>
2014-03-21 03:29:18 +08:00
void blk_mq_enable_hotplug(void);
void blk_mq_disable_hotplug(void);
blk-mq: new multi-queue block IO queueing mechanism Linux currently has two models for block devices: - The classic request_fn based approach, where drivers use struct request units for IO. The block layer provides various helper functionalities to let drivers share code, things like tag management, timeout handling, queueing, etc. - The "stacked" approach, where a driver squeezes in between the block layer and IO submitter. Since this bypasses the IO stack, driver generally have to manage everything themselves. With drivers being written for new high IOPS devices, the classic request_fn based driver doesn't work well enough. The design dates back to when both SMP and high IOPS was rare. It has problems with scaling to bigger machines, and runs into scaling issues even on smaller machines when you have IOPS in the hundreds of thousands per device. The stacked approach is then most often selected as the model for the driver. But this means that everybody has to re-invent everything, and along with that we get all the problems again that the shared approach solved. This commit introduces blk-mq, block multi queue support. The design is centered around per-cpu queues for queueing IO, which then funnel down into x number of hardware submission queues. We might have a 1:1 mapping between the two, or it might be an N:M mapping. That all depends on what the hardware supports. blk-mq provides various helper functions, which include: - Scalable support for request tagging. Most devices need to be able to uniquely identify a request both in the driver and to the hardware. The tagging uses per-cpu caches for freed tags, to enable cache hot reuse. - Timeout handling without tracking request on a per-device basis. Basically the driver should be able to get a notification, if a request happens to fail. - Optional support for non 1:1 mappings between issue and submission queues. blk-mq can redirect IO completions to the desired location. - Support for per-request payloads. Drivers almost always need to associate a request structure with some driver private command structure. Drivers can tell blk-mq this at init time, and then any request handed to the driver will have the required size of memory associated with it. - Support for merging of IO, and plugging. The stacked model gets neither of these. Even for high IOPS devices, merging sequential IO reduces per-command overhead and thus increases bandwidth. For now, this is provided as a potential 3rd queueing model, with the hope being that, as it matures, it can replace both the classic and stacked model. That would get us back to having just 1 real model for block devices, leaving the stacked approach to dm/md devices (as it was originally intended). Contributions in this patch from the following people: Shaohua Li <shli@fusionio.com> Alexander Gordeev <agordeev@redhat.com> Christoph Hellwig <hch@infradead.org> Mike Christie <michaelc@cs.wisc.edu> Matias Bjorling <m@bjorling.me> Jeff Moyer <jmoyer@redhat.com> Acked-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de> Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
2013-10-24 16:20:05 +08:00
/*
* CPU -> queue mappings
*/
blk-mq: pass in suggested NUMA node to ->alloc_hctx() Drivers currently have to figure this out on their own, and they are missing information to do it properly. The ones that did attempt to do it, do it wrong. So just pass in the suggested node directly to the alloc function. Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@fb.com>
2014-05-28 02:06:53 +08:00
extern int blk_mq_hw_queue_to_node(unsigned int *map, unsigned int);
blk-mq: new multi-queue block IO queueing mechanism Linux currently has two models for block devices: - The classic request_fn based approach, where drivers use struct request units for IO. The block layer provides various helper functionalities to let drivers share code, things like tag management, timeout handling, queueing, etc. - The "stacked" approach, where a driver squeezes in between the block layer and IO submitter. Since this bypasses the IO stack, driver generally have to manage everything themselves. With drivers being written for new high IOPS devices, the classic request_fn based driver doesn't work well enough. The design dates back to when both SMP and high IOPS was rare. It has problems with scaling to bigger machines, and runs into scaling issues even on smaller machines when you have IOPS in the hundreds of thousands per device. The stacked approach is then most often selected as the model for the driver. But this means that everybody has to re-invent everything, and along with that we get all the problems again that the shared approach solved. This commit introduces blk-mq, block multi queue support. The design is centered around per-cpu queues for queueing IO, which then funnel down into x number of hardware submission queues. We might have a 1:1 mapping between the two, or it might be an N:M mapping. That all depends on what the hardware supports. blk-mq provides various helper functions, which include: - Scalable support for request tagging. Most devices need to be able to uniquely identify a request both in the driver and to the hardware. The tagging uses per-cpu caches for freed tags, to enable cache hot reuse. - Timeout handling without tracking request on a per-device basis. Basically the driver should be able to get a notification, if a request happens to fail. - Optional support for non 1:1 mappings between issue and submission queues. blk-mq can redirect IO completions to the desired location. - Support for per-request payloads. Drivers almost always need to associate a request structure with some driver private command structure. Drivers can tell blk-mq this at init time, and then any request handed to the driver will have the required size of memory associated with it. - Support for merging of IO, and plugging. The stacked model gets neither of these. Even for high IOPS devices, merging sequential IO reduces per-command overhead and thus increases bandwidth. For now, this is provided as a potential 3rd queueing model, with the hope being that, as it matures, it can replace both the classic and stacked model. That would get us back to having just 1 real model for block devices, leaving the stacked approach to dm/md devices (as it was originally intended). Contributions in this patch from the following people: Shaohua Li <shli@fusionio.com> Alexander Gordeev <agordeev@redhat.com> Christoph Hellwig <hch@infradead.org> Mike Christie <michaelc@cs.wisc.edu> Matias Bjorling <m@bjorling.me> Jeff Moyer <jmoyer@redhat.com> Acked-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de> Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
2013-10-24 16:20:05 +08:00
blk-mq: remove ->map_queue All drivers use the default, so provide an inline version of it. If we ever need other queue mapping we can add an optional method back, although supporting will also require major changes to the queue setup code. This provides better code generation, and better debugability as well. Signed-off-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de> Reviewed-by: Keith Busch <keith.busch@intel.com> Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@fb.com>
2016-09-14 22:18:54 +08:00
static inline struct blk_mq_hw_ctx *blk_mq_map_queue(struct request_queue *q,
int cpu)
{
return q->queue_hw_ctx[q->mq_map[cpu]];
}
blk-mq: make the sysfs mq/ layout reflect current mappings Currently blk-mq registers all the hardware queues in sysfs, regardless of whether it uses them (e.g. they have CPU mappings) or not. The unused hardware queues lack the cpux/ directories, and the other sysfs entries (like active, pending, etc) are all zeroes. Change this so that sysfs correctly reflects the current mappings of the hardware queues. Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@fb.com>
2014-05-30 22:25:36 +08:00
/*
* sysfs helpers
*/
extern int blk_mq_sysfs_register(struct request_queue *q);
extern void blk_mq_sysfs_unregister(struct request_queue *q);
blk-mq: dynamic h/w context count The hardware's provided queue count may change at runtime with resource provisioning. This patch allows a block driver to alter the number of h/w queues available when its resource count changes. The main part is a new blk-mq API to request a new number of h/w queues for a given live tag set. The new API freezes all queues using that set, then adjusts the allocated count prior to remapping these to CPUs. The bulk of the rest just shifts where h/w contexts and all their artifacts are allocated and freed. The number of max h/w contexts is capped to the number of possible cpus since there is no use for more than that. As such, all pre-allocated memory for pointers need to account for the max possible rather than the initial number of queues. A side effect of this is that the blk-mq will proceed successfully as long as it can allocate at least one h/w context. Previously it would fail request queue initialization if less than the requested number was allocated. Signed-off-by: Keith Busch <keith.busch@intel.com> Reviewed-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de> Tested-by: Jon Derrick <jonathan.derrick@intel.com> Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@fb.com>
2015-12-18 08:08:14 +08:00
extern void blk_mq_hctx_kobj_init(struct blk_mq_hw_ctx *hctx);
blk-mq: make the sysfs mq/ layout reflect current mappings Currently blk-mq registers all the hardware queues in sysfs, regardless of whether it uses them (e.g. they have CPU mappings) or not. The unused hardware queues lack the cpux/ directories, and the other sysfs entries (like active, pending, etc) are all zeroes. Change this so that sysfs correctly reflects the current mappings of the hardware queues. Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@fb.com>
2014-05-30 22:25:36 +08:00
blk-mq: create debugfs directory tree In preparation for putting blk-mq debugging information in debugfs, create a directory tree mirroring the one in sysfs: # tree -d /sys/kernel/debug/block /sys/kernel/debug/block |-- nvme0n1 | `-- mq | |-- 0 | | `-- cpu0 | |-- 1 | | `-- cpu1 | |-- 2 | | `-- cpu2 | `-- 3 | `-- cpu3 `-- vda `-- mq `-- 0 |-- cpu0 |-- cpu1 |-- cpu2 `-- cpu3 Also add the scaffolding for the actual files that will go in here, either under the hardware queue or software queue directories. Reviewed-by: Hannes Reinecke <hare@suse.com> Signed-off-by: Omar Sandoval <osandov@fb.com> Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@fb.com>
2017-01-26 00:06:40 +08:00
/*
* debugfs helpers
*/
#ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_FS
void blk_mq_debugfs_init(void);
int blk_mq_debugfs_register(struct request_queue *q, const char *name);
void blk_mq_debugfs_unregister(struct request_queue *q);
int blk_mq_debugfs_register_hctxs(struct request_queue *q);
void blk_mq_debugfs_unregister_hctxs(struct request_queue *q);
#else
static inline void blk_mq_debugfs_init(void)
{
}
int blk_mq_debugfs_register(struct request_queue *q, const char *name);
{
return 0;
}
void blk_mq_debugfs_unregister(struct request_queue *q)
{
}
int blk_mq_debugfs_register_hctxs(struct request_queue *q)
{
return 0;
}
void blk_mq_debugfs_unregister_hctxs(struct request_queue *q)
{
}
#endif
block: fix blk_abort_request on blk-mq Signed-off-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de> Moved blk_mq_rq_timed_out() definition to the private blk-mq.h header. Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@fb.com>
2014-09-23 00:21:48 +08:00
extern void blk_mq_rq_timed_out(struct request *req, bool reserved);
blk-mq: release mq's kobjects in blk_release_queue() The kobject memory inside blk-mq hctx/ctx shouldn't have been freed before the kobject is released because driver core can access it freely before its release. We can't do that in all ctx/hctx/mq_kobj's release handler because it can be run before blk_cleanup_queue(). Given mq_kobj shouldn't have been introduced, this patch simply moves mq's release into blk_release_queue(). Reported-by: Sasha Levin <sasha.levin@oracle.com> Signed-off-by: Ming Lei <ming.lei@canonical.com> Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@fb.com>
2015-01-29 20:17:27 +08:00
void blk_mq_release(struct request_queue *q);
blk-mq: move blk_mq_get_ctx/blk_mq_put_ctx to mq private header The blk-mq tag code need these helpers. Signed-off-by: Ming Lei <tom.leiming@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@fb.com>
2014-06-01 00:43:36 +08:00
static inline struct blk_mq_ctx *__blk_mq_get_ctx(struct request_queue *q,
unsigned int cpu)
{
return per_cpu_ptr(q->queue_ctx, cpu);
}
/*
* This assumes per-cpu software queueing queues. They could be per-node
* as well, for instance. For now this is hardcoded as-is. Note that we don't
* care about preemption, since we know the ctx's are persistent. This does
* mean that we can't rely on ctx always matching the currently running CPU.
*/
static inline struct blk_mq_ctx *blk_mq_get_ctx(struct request_queue *q)
{
return __blk_mq_get_ctx(q, get_cpu());
}
static inline void blk_mq_put_ctx(struct blk_mq_ctx *ctx)
{
put_cpu();
}
blk-mq: fix schedule from atomic context blk_mq_put_ctx() has to be called before io_schedule() in bt_get(). This patch fixes the problem by taking similar approach from percpu_ida allocation for the situation. Signed-off-by: Ming Lei <tom.leiming@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@fb.com>
2014-06-01 00:43:37 +08:00
struct blk_mq_alloc_data {
/* input parameter */
struct request_queue *q;
blk-mq: add a flags parameter to blk_mq_alloc_request We already have the reserved flag, and a nowait flag awkwardly encoded as a gfp_t. Add a real flags argument to make the scheme more extensible and allow for a nicer calling convention. Signed-off-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de> Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@fb.com>
2015-11-26 16:13:05 +08:00
unsigned int flags;
blk-mq: fix schedule from atomic context blk_mq_put_ctx() has to be called before io_schedule() in bt_get(). This patch fixes the problem by taking similar approach from percpu_ida allocation for the situation. Signed-off-by: Ming Lei <tom.leiming@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@fb.com>
2014-06-01 00:43:37 +08:00
/* input & output parameter */
struct blk_mq_ctx *ctx;
struct blk_mq_hw_ctx *hctx;
};
static inline void blk_mq_set_alloc_data(struct blk_mq_alloc_data *data,
blk-mq: add a flags parameter to blk_mq_alloc_request We already have the reserved flag, and a nowait flag awkwardly encoded as a gfp_t. Add a real flags argument to make the scheme more extensible and allow for a nicer calling convention. Signed-off-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de> Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@fb.com>
2015-11-26 16:13:05 +08:00
struct request_queue *q, unsigned int flags,
struct blk_mq_ctx *ctx, struct blk_mq_hw_ctx *hctx)
blk-mq: fix schedule from atomic context blk_mq_put_ctx() has to be called before io_schedule() in bt_get(). This patch fixes the problem by taking similar approach from percpu_ida allocation for the situation. Signed-off-by: Ming Lei <tom.leiming@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@fb.com>
2014-06-01 00:43:37 +08:00
{
data->q = q;
blk-mq: add a flags parameter to blk_mq_alloc_request We already have the reserved flag, and a nowait flag awkwardly encoded as a gfp_t. Add a real flags argument to make the scheme more extensible and allow for a nicer calling convention. Signed-off-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de> Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@fb.com>
2015-11-26 16:13:05 +08:00
data->flags = flags;
blk-mq: fix schedule from atomic context blk_mq_put_ctx() has to be called before io_schedule() in bt_get(). This patch fixes the problem by taking similar approach from percpu_ida allocation for the situation. Signed-off-by: Ming Lei <tom.leiming@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@fb.com>
2014-06-01 00:43:37 +08:00
data->ctx = ctx;
data->hctx = hctx;
}
blk-mq-tag: cleanup the normal/reserved tag allocation This is in preparation for having another tag set available. Cleanup the parameters, and allow passing in of tags for blk_mq_put_tag(). Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@fb.com> [hch: even more cleanups] Signed-off-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de> Reviewed-by: Omar Sandoval <osandov@fb.com>
2017-01-13 23:09:05 +08:00
static inline struct blk_mq_tags *blk_mq_tags_from_data(struct blk_mq_alloc_data *data)
{
blk-mq-sched: add framework for MQ capable IO schedulers This adds a set of hooks that intercepts the blk-mq path of allocating/inserting/issuing/completing requests, allowing us to develop a scheduler within that framework. We reuse the existing elevator scheduler API on the registration side, but augment that with the scheduler flagging support for the blk-mq interfce, and with a separate set of ops hooks for MQ devices. We split driver and scheduler tags, so we can run the scheduling independently of device queue depth. Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@fb.com> Reviewed-by: Bart Van Assche <bart.vanassche@sandisk.com> Reviewed-by: Omar Sandoval <osandov@fb.com>
2017-01-17 21:03:22 +08:00
if (data->flags & BLK_MQ_REQ_INTERNAL)
return data->hctx->sched_tags;
blk-mq-tag: cleanup the normal/reserved tag allocation This is in preparation for having another tag set available. Cleanup the parameters, and allow passing in of tags for blk_mq_put_tag(). Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@fb.com> [hch: even more cleanups] Signed-off-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de> Reviewed-by: Omar Sandoval <osandov@fb.com>
2017-01-13 23:09:05 +08:00
return data->hctx->tags;
}
blk-mq: export some helpers we need to the scheduling framework Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@fb.com> Reviewed-by: Johannes Thumshirn <jthumshirn@suse.de> Reviewed-by: Omar Sandoval <osandov@fb.com>
2016-12-15 05:34:47 +08:00
/*
* Internal helpers for request allocation/init/free
*/
void blk_mq_rq_ctx_init(struct request_queue *q, struct blk_mq_ctx *ctx,
struct request *rq, unsigned int op);
blk-mq-sched: add framework for MQ capable IO schedulers This adds a set of hooks that intercepts the blk-mq path of allocating/inserting/issuing/completing requests, allowing us to develop a scheduler within that framework. We reuse the existing elevator scheduler API on the registration side, but augment that with the scheduler flagging support for the blk-mq interfce, and with a separate set of ops hooks for MQ devices. We split driver and scheduler tags, so we can run the scheduling independently of device queue depth. Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@fb.com> Reviewed-by: Bart Van Assche <bart.vanassche@sandisk.com> Reviewed-by: Omar Sandoval <osandov@fb.com>
2017-01-17 21:03:22 +08:00
void __blk_mq_finish_request(struct blk_mq_hw_ctx *hctx, struct blk_mq_ctx *ctx,
blk-mq: export some helpers we need to the scheduling framework Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@fb.com> Reviewed-by: Johannes Thumshirn <jthumshirn@suse.de> Reviewed-by: Omar Sandoval <osandov@fb.com>
2016-12-15 05:34:47 +08:00
struct request *rq);
blk-mq-sched: add framework for MQ capable IO schedulers This adds a set of hooks that intercepts the blk-mq path of allocating/inserting/issuing/completing requests, allowing us to develop a scheduler within that framework. We reuse the existing elevator scheduler API on the registration side, but augment that with the scheduler flagging support for the blk-mq interfce, and with a separate set of ops hooks for MQ devices. We split driver and scheduler tags, so we can run the scheduling independently of device queue depth. Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@fb.com> Reviewed-by: Bart Van Assche <bart.vanassche@sandisk.com> Reviewed-by: Omar Sandoval <osandov@fb.com>
2017-01-17 21:03:22 +08:00
void blk_mq_finish_request(struct request *rq);
blk-mq: export some helpers we need to the scheduling framework Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@fb.com> Reviewed-by: Johannes Thumshirn <jthumshirn@suse.de> Reviewed-by: Omar Sandoval <osandov@fb.com>
2016-12-15 05:34:47 +08:00
struct request *__blk_mq_alloc_request(struct blk_mq_alloc_data *data,
unsigned int op);
blk-mq: Introduce blk_mq_hctx_stopped() Multiple functions test the BLK_MQ_S_STOPPED bit so introduce a helper function that performs this test. Signed-off-by: Bart Van Assche <bart.vanassche@sandisk.com> Reviewed-by: Ming Lei <tom.leiming@gmail.com> Reviewed-by: Hannes Reinecke <hare@suse.com> Reviewed-by: Johannes Thumshirn <jthumshirn@suse.de> Reviewed-by: Sagi Grimberg <sagi@grimberg.me> Reviewed-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de> Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@fb.com>
2016-10-29 08:19:15 +08:00
static inline bool blk_mq_hctx_stopped(struct blk_mq_hw_ctx *hctx)
{
return test_bit(BLK_MQ_S_STOPPED, &hctx->state);
}
blk-mq: prevent unmapped hw queue from being scheduled When one hardware queue has no mapped software queues, it shouldn't have been scheduled. Otherwise WARNING or OOPS can triggered. blk_mq_hw_queue_mapped() helper is introduce for fixing the problem. Signed-off-by: Ming Lei <ming.lei@canonical.com> Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@fb.com>
2014-12-03 19:38:04 +08:00
static inline bool blk_mq_hw_queue_mapped(struct blk_mq_hw_ctx *hctx)
{
return hctx->nr_ctx && hctx->tags;
}
blk-mq: new multi-queue block IO queueing mechanism Linux currently has two models for block devices: - The classic request_fn based approach, where drivers use struct request units for IO. The block layer provides various helper functionalities to let drivers share code, things like tag management, timeout handling, queueing, etc. - The "stacked" approach, where a driver squeezes in between the block layer and IO submitter. Since this bypasses the IO stack, driver generally have to manage everything themselves. With drivers being written for new high IOPS devices, the classic request_fn based driver doesn't work well enough. The design dates back to when both SMP and high IOPS was rare. It has problems with scaling to bigger machines, and runs into scaling issues even on smaller machines when you have IOPS in the hundreds of thousands per device. The stacked approach is then most often selected as the model for the driver. But this means that everybody has to re-invent everything, and along with that we get all the problems again that the shared approach solved. This commit introduces blk-mq, block multi queue support. The design is centered around per-cpu queues for queueing IO, which then funnel down into x number of hardware submission queues. We might have a 1:1 mapping between the two, or it might be an N:M mapping. That all depends on what the hardware supports. blk-mq provides various helper functions, which include: - Scalable support for request tagging. Most devices need to be able to uniquely identify a request both in the driver and to the hardware. The tagging uses per-cpu caches for freed tags, to enable cache hot reuse. - Timeout handling without tracking request on a per-device basis. Basically the driver should be able to get a notification, if a request happens to fail. - Optional support for non 1:1 mappings between issue and submission queues. blk-mq can redirect IO completions to the desired location. - Support for per-request payloads. Drivers almost always need to associate a request structure with some driver private command structure. Drivers can tell blk-mq this at init time, and then any request handed to the driver will have the required size of memory associated with it. - Support for merging of IO, and plugging. The stacked model gets neither of these. Even for high IOPS devices, merging sequential IO reduces per-command overhead and thus increases bandwidth. For now, this is provided as a potential 3rd queueing model, with the hope being that, as it matures, it can replace both the classic and stacked model. That would get us back to having just 1 real model for block devices, leaving the stacked approach to dm/md devices (as it was originally intended). Contributions in this patch from the following people: Shaohua Li <shli@fusionio.com> Alexander Gordeev <agordeev@redhat.com> Christoph Hellwig <hch@infradead.org> Mike Christie <michaelc@cs.wisc.edu> Matias Bjorling <m@bjorling.me> Jeff Moyer <jmoyer@redhat.com> Acked-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de> Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
2013-10-24 16:20:05 +08:00
#endif