License cleanup: add SPDX GPL-2.0 license identifier to files with no license
Many source files in the tree are missing licensing information, which
makes it harder for compliance tools to determine the correct license.
By default all files without license information are under the default
license of the kernel, which is GPL version 2.
Update the files which contain no license information with the 'GPL-2.0'
SPDX license identifier. The SPDX identifier is a legally binding
shorthand, which can be used instead of the full boiler plate text.
This patch is based on work done by Thomas Gleixner and Kate Stewart and
Philippe Ombredanne.
How this work was done:
Patches were generated and checked against linux-4.14-rc6 for a subset of
the use cases:
- file had no licensing information it it.
- file was a */uapi/* one with no licensing information in it,
- file was a */uapi/* one with existing licensing information,
Further patches will be generated in subsequent months to fix up cases
where non-standard license headers were used, and references to license
had to be inferred by heuristics based on keywords.
The analysis to determine which SPDX License Identifier to be applied to
a file was done in a spreadsheet of side by side results from of the
output of two independent scanners (ScanCode & Windriver) producing SPDX
tag:value files created by Philippe Ombredanne. Philippe prepared the
base worksheet, and did an initial spot review of a few 1000 files.
The 4.13 kernel was the starting point of the analysis with 60,537 files
assessed. Kate Stewart did a file by file comparison of the scanner
results in the spreadsheet to determine which SPDX license identifier(s)
to be applied to the file. She confirmed any determination that was not
immediately clear with lawyers working with the Linux Foundation.
Criteria used to select files for SPDX license identifier tagging was:
- Files considered eligible had to be source code files.
- Make and config files were included as candidates if they contained >5
lines of source
- File already had some variant of a license header in it (even if <5
lines).
All documentation files were explicitly excluded.
The following heuristics were used to determine which SPDX license
identifiers to apply.
- when both scanners couldn't find any license traces, file was
considered to have no license information in it, and the top level
COPYING file license applied.
For non */uapi/* files that summary was:
SPDX license identifier # files
---------------------------------------------------|-------
GPL-2.0 11139
and resulted in the first patch in this series.
If that file was a */uapi/* path one, it was "GPL-2.0 WITH
Linux-syscall-note" otherwise it was "GPL-2.0". Results of that was:
SPDX license identifier # files
---------------------------------------------------|-------
GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note 930
and resulted in the second patch in this series.
- if a file had some form of licensing information in it, and was one
of the */uapi/* ones, it was denoted with the Linux-syscall-note if
any GPL family license was found in the file or had no licensing in
it (per prior point). Results summary:
SPDX license identifier # files
---------------------------------------------------|------
GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note 270
GPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 169
((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-2-Clause) 21
((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-3-Clause) 17
LGPL-2.1+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 15
GPL-1.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 14
((GPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-3-Clause) 5
LGPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 4
LGPL-2.1 WITH Linux-syscall-note 3
((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR MIT) 3
((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) AND MIT) 1
and that resulted in the third patch in this series.
- when the two scanners agreed on the detected license(s), that became
the concluded license(s).
- when there was disagreement between the two scanners (one detected a
license but the other didn't, or they both detected different
licenses) a manual inspection of the file occurred.
- In most cases a manual inspection of the information in the file
resulted in a clear resolution of the license that should apply (and
which scanner probably needed to revisit its heuristics).
- When it was not immediately clear, the license identifier was
confirmed with lawyers working with the Linux Foundation.
- If there was any question as to the appropriate license identifier,
the file was flagged for further research and to be revisited later
in time.
In total, over 70 hours of logged manual review was done on the
spreadsheet to determine the SPDX license identifiers to apply to the
source files by Kate, Philippe, Thomas and, in some cases, confirmation
by lawyers working with the Linux Foundation.
Kate also obtained a third independent scan of the 4.13 code base from
FOSSology, and compared selected files where the other two scanners
disagreed against that SPDX file, to see if there was new insights. The
Windriver scanner is based on an older version of FOSSology in part, so
they are related.
Thomas did random spot checks in about 500 files from the spreadsheets
for the uapi headers and agreed with SPDX license identifier in the
files he inspected. For the non-uapi files Thomas did random spot checks
in about 15000 files.
In initial set of patches against 4.14-rc6, 3 files were found to have
copy/paste license identifier errors, and have been fixed to reflect the
correct identifier.
Additionally Philippe spent 10 hours this week doing a detailed manual
inspection and review of the 12,461 patched files from the initial patch
version early this week with:
- a full scancode scan run, collecting the matched texts, detected
license ids and scores
- reviewing anything where there was a license detected (about 500+
files) to ensure that the applied SPDX license was correct
- reviewing anything where there was no detection but the patch license
was not GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note to ensure that the applied
SPDX license was correct
This produced a worksheet with 20 files needing minor correction. This
worksheet was then exported into 3 different .csv files for the
different types of files to be modified.
These .csv files were then reviewed by Greg. Thomas wrote a script to
parse the csv files and add the proper SPDX tag to the file, in the
format that the file expected. This script was further refined by Greg
based on the output to detect more types of files automatically and to
distinguish between header and source .c files (which need different
comment types.) Finally Greg ran the script using the .csv files to
generate the patches.
Reviewed-by: Kate Stewart <kstewart@linuxfoundation.org>
Reviewed-by: Philippe Ombredanne <pombredanne@nexb.com>
Reviewed-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
2017-11-01 22:07:57 +08:00
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/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
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2014-07-02 20:54:42 +08:00
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#ifndef _DRIVERS_FIRMWARE_EFI_EFISTUB_H
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#define _DRIVERS_FIRMWARE_EFI_EFISTUB_H
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/* error code which can't be mistaken for valid address */
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#define EFI_ERROR (~0UL)
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2016-02-17 20:35:59 +08:00
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/*
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* __init annotations should not be used in the EFI stub, since the code is
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* either included in the decompressor (x86, ARM) where they have no effect,
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* or the whole stub is __init annotated at the section level (arm64), by
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* renaming the sections, in which case the __init annotation will be
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* redundant, and will result in section names like .init.init.text, and our
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* linker script does not expect that.
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*/
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#undef __init
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2016-11-13 05:32:32 +08:00
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/*
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* Allow the platform to override the allocation granularity: this allows
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* systems that have the capability to run with a larger page size to deal
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* with the allocations for initrd and fdt more efficiently.
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*/
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#ifndef EFI_ALLOC_ALIGN
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#define EFI_ALLOC_ALIGN EFI_PAGE_SIZE
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#endif
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2017-04-05 00:09:08 +08:00
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extern int __pure nokaslr(void);
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2017-04-05 00:09:09 +08:00
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extern int __pure is_quiet(void);
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efi/arm/arm64: Allow SetVirtualAddressMap() to be omitted
The UEFI spec revision 2.7 errata A section 8.4 has the following to
say about the virtual memory runtime services:
"This section contains function definitions for the virtual memory
support that may be optionally used by an operating system at runtime.
If an operating system chooses to make EFI runtime service calls in a
virtual addressing mode instead of the flat physical mode, then the
operating system must use the services in this section to switch the
EFI runtime services from flat physical addressing to virtual
addressing."
So it is pretty clear that calling SetVirtualAddressMap() is entirely
optional, and so there is no point in doing so unless it achieves
anything useful for us.
This is not the case for 64-bit ARM. The identity mapping used by the
firmware is arbitrarily converted into another permutation of userland
addresses (i.e., bits [63:48] cleared), and the runtime code could easily
deal with the original layout in exactly the same way as it deals with
the converted layout. However, due to constraints related to page size
differences if the OS is not running with 4k pages, and related to
systems that may expose the individual sections of PE/COFF runtime
modules as different memory regions, creating the virtual layout is a
bit fiddly, and requires us to sort the memory map and reason about
adjacent regions with identical memory types etc etc.
So the obvious fix is to stop calling SetVirtualAddressMap() altogether
on arm64 systems. However, to avoid surprises, which are notoriously
hard to diagnose when it comes to OS<->firmware interactions, let's
start by making it an opt-out feature, and implement support for the
'efi=novamap' kernel command line parameter on ARM and arm64 systems.
( Note that 32-bit ARM generally does require SetVirtualAddressMap() to be
used, given that the physical memory map and the kernel virtual address
map are not guaranteed to be non-overlapping like on arm64. However,
having support for efi=novamap,noruntime on 32-bit ARM, combined with
the recently proposed support for earlycon=efifb, is likely to be useful
to diagnose boot issues on such systems if they have no accessible serial
port. )
Tested-by: Jeffrey Hugo <jhugo@codeaurora.org>
Tested-by: Bjorn Andersson <bjorn.andersson@linaro.org>
Tested-by: Lee Jones <lee.jones@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Ard Biesheuvel <ard.biesheuvel@linaro.org>
Cc: AKASHI Takahiro <takahiro.akashi@linaro.org>
Cc: Alexander Graf <agraf@suse.de>
Cc: Borislav Petkov <bp@alien8.de>
Cc: Heinrich Schuchardt <xypron.glpk@gmx.de>
Cc: Leif Lindholm <leif.lindholm@linaro.org>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Matt Fleming <matt@codeblueprint.co.uk>
Cc: Peter Jones <pjones@redhat.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Sai Praneeth Prakhya <sai.praneeth.prakhya@intel.com>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: linux-efi@vger.kernel.org
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20190202094119.13230-8-ard.biesheuvel@linaro.org
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
2019-02-02 17:41:16 +08:00
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extern int __pure novamap(void);
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2017-04-05 00:09:09 +08:00
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#define pr_efi(sys_table, msg) do { \
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if (!is_quiet()) efi_printk(sys_table, "EFI stub: "msg); \
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} while (0)
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#define pr_efi_err(sys_table, msg) efi_printk(sys_table, "EFI stub: ERROR: "msg)
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2017-04-05 00:09:08 +08:00
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2014-07-02 20:54:42 +08:00
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void efi_char16_printk(efi_system_table_t *, efi_char16_t *);
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unsigned long get_dram_base(efi_system_table_t *sys_table_arg);
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efi_status_t allocate_new_fdt_and_exit_boot(efi_system_table_t *sys_table,
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void *handle,
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unsigned long *new_fdt_addr,
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unsigned long max_addr,
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u64 initrd_addr, u64 initrd_size,
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char *cmdline_ptr,
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unsigned long fdt_addr,
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unsigned long fdt_size);
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2015-03-04 20:02:29 +08:00
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void *get_fdt(efi_system_table_t *sys_table, unsigned long *fdt_size);
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2014-07-02 20:54:42 +08:00
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2014-10-20 22:27:26 +08:00
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void efi_get_virtmap(efi_memory_desc_t *memory_map, unsigned long map_size,
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unsigned long desc_size, efi_memory_desc_t *runtime_map,
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int *count);
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2016-01-10 18:29:07 +08:00
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efi_status_t efi_get_random_bytes(efi_system_table_t *sys_table,
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unsigned long size, u8 *out);
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2016-01-11 17:43:16 +08:00
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efi_status_t efi_random_alloc(efi_system_table_t *sys_table_arg,
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unsigned long size, unsigned long align,
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unsigned long *addr, unsigned long random_seed);
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2016-02-17 20:36:03 +08:00
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efi_status_t check_platform_features(efi_system_table_t *sys_table_arg);
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2016-11-13 05:32:33 +08:00
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efi_status_t efi_random_get_seed(efi_system_table_t *sys_table_arg);
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2019-06-08 04:51:46 +08:00
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void *get_efi_config_table(efi_system_table_t *sys_table, efi_guid_t guid);
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2019-02-02 17:41:14 +08:00
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/* Helper macros for the usual case of using simple C variables: */
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#ifndef fdt_setprop_inplace_var
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#define fdt_setprop_inplace_var(fdt, node_offset, name, var) \
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fdt_setprop_inplace((fdt), (node_offset), (name), &(var), sizeof(var))
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#endif
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#ifndef fdt_setprop_var
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#define fdt_setprop_var(fdt, node_offset, name, var) \
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fdt_setprop((fdt), (node_offset), (name), &(var), sizeof(var))
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#endif
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2014-07-02 20:54:42 +08:00
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#endif
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