diff --git a/sound/firewire/fireworks/fireworks_midi.c b/sound/firewire/fireworks/fireworks_midi.c
index fba01bbba456..38232dcf6e03 100644
--- a/sound/firewire/fireworks/fireworks_midi.c
+++ b/sound/firewire/fireworks/fireworks_midi.c
@@ -17,8 +17,10 @@ static int midi_capture_open(struct snd_rawmidi_substream *substream)
 	if (err < 0)
 		goto end;
 
+	mutex_lock(&efw->mutex);
 	atomic_inc(&efw->capture_substreams);
 	err = snd_efw_stream_start_duplex(efw, 0);
+	mutex_unlock(&efw->mutex);
 	if (err < 0)
 		snd_efw_stream_lock_release(efw);
 
@@ -35,8 +37,10 @@ static int midi_playback_open(struct snd_rawmidi_substream *substream)
 	if (err < 0)
 		goto end;
 
+	mutex_lock(&efw->mutex);
 	atomic_inc(&efw->playback_substreams);
 	err = snd_efw_stream_start_duplex(efw, 0);
+	mutex_unlock(&efw->mutex);
 	if (err < 0)
 		snd_efw_stream_lock_release(efw);
 end:
@@ -47,8 +51,10 @@ static int midi_capture_close(struct snd_rawmidi_substream *substream)
 {
 	struct snd_efw *efw = substream->rmidi->private_data;
 
+	mutex_lock(&efw->mutex);
 	atomic_dec(&efw->capture_substreams);
 	snd_efw_stream_stop_duplex(efw);
+	mutex_unlock(&efw->mutex);
 
 	snd_efw_stream_lock_release(efw);
 	return 0;
@@ -58,8 +64,10 @@ static int midi_playback_close(struct snd_rawmidi_substream *substream)
 {
 	struct snd_efw *efw = substream->rmidi->private_data;
 
+	mutex_lock(&efw->mutex);
 	atomic_dec(&efw->playback_substreams);
 	snd_efw_stream_stop_duplex(efw);
+	mutex_unlock(&efw->mutex);
 
 	snd_efw_stream_lock_release(efw);
 	return 0;
diff --git a/sound/firewire/fireworks/fireworks_pcm.c b/sound/firewire/fireworks/fireworks_pcm.c
index d27135bac513..69f15a6d6f88 100644
--- a/sound/firewire/fireworks/fireworks_pcm.c
+++ b/sound/firewire/fireworks/fireworks_pcm.c
@@ -251,8 +251,11 @@ static int pcm_capture_hw_params(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream,
 	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 
-	if (substream->runtime->status->state == SNDRV_PCM_STATE_OPEN)
+	if (substream->runtime->status->state == SNDRV_PCM_STATE_OPEN) {
+		mutex_lock(&efw->mutex);
 		atomic_inc(&efw->capture_substreams);
+		mutex_unlock(&efw->mutex);
+	}
 
 	amdtp_am824_set_pcm_format(&efw->tx_stream, params_format(hw_params));
 
@@ -269,8 +272,11 @@ static int pcm_playback_hw_params(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream,
 	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 
-	if (substream->runtime->status->state == SNDRV_PCM_STATE_OPEN)
+	if (substream->runtime->status->state == SNDRV_PCM_STATE_OPEN) {
+		mutex_lock(&efw->mutex);
 		atomic_inc(&efw->playback_substreams);
+		mutex_unlock(&efw->mutex);
+	}
 
 	amdtp_am824_set_pcm_format(&efw->rx_stream, params_format(hw_params));
 
@@ -281,8 +287,11 @@ static int pcm_capture_hw_free(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
 {
 	struct snd_efw *efw = substream->private_data;
 
-	if (substream->runtime->status->state != SNDRV_PCM_STATE_OPEN)
+	if (substream->runtime->status->state != SNDRV_PCM_STATE_OPEN) {
+		mutex_lock(&efw->mutex);
 		atomic_dec(&efw->capture_substreams);
+		mutex_unlock(&efw->mutex);
+	}
 
 	snd_efw_stream_stop_duplex(efw);
 
@@ -292,8 +301,11 @@ static int pcm_playback_hw_free(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
 {
 	struct snd_efw *efw = substream->private_data;
 
-	if (substream->runtime->status->state != SNDRV_PCM_STATE_OPEN)
+	if (substream->runtime->status->state != SNDRV_PCM_STATE_OPEN) {
+		mutex_lock(&efw->mutex);
 		atomic_dec(&efw->playback_substreams);
+		mutex_unlock(&efw->mutex);
+	}
 
 	snd_efw_stream_stop_duplex(efw);
 
diff --git a/sound/firewire/fireworks/fireworks_stream.c b/sound/firewire/fireworks/fireworks_stream.c
index 759f6e3ed44a..69307452dee7 100644
--- a/sound/firewire/fireworks/fireworks_stream.c
+++ b/sound/firewire/fireworks/fireworks_stream.c
@@ -214,8 +214,6 @@ int snd_efw_stream_start_duplex(struct snd_efw *efw, unsigned int rate)
 	unsigned int curr_rate;
 	int err = 0;
 
-	mutex_lock(&efw->mutex);
-
 	/* Need no substreams */
 	if ((atomic_read(&efw->playback_substreams) == 0) &&
 	    (atomic_read(&efw->capture_substreams)  == 0))
@@ -286,7 +284,6 @@ int snd_efw_stream_start_duplex(struct snd_efw *efw, unsigned int rate)
 		}
 	}
 end:
-	mutex_unlock(&efw->mutex);
 	return err;
 }
 
@@ -307,16 +304,12 @@ void snd_efw_stream_stop_duplex(struct snd_efw *efw)
 		master_substreams = &efw->capture_substreams;
 	}
 
-	mutex_lock(&efw->mutex);
-
 	if (atomic_read(slave_substreams) == 0) {
 		stop_stream(efw, slave);
 
 		if (atomic_read(master_substreams) == 0)
 			stop_stream(efw, master);
 	}
-
-	mutex_unlock(&efw->mutex);
 }
 
 void snd_efw_stream_update_duplex(struct snd_efw *efw)