Userspace service managers/supervisors need to track their started
services. Many services daemonize by double-forking and get implicitly
re-parented to PID 1. The service manager will no longer be able to
receive the SIGCHLD signals for them, and is no longer in charge of
reaping the children with wait(). All information about the children is
lost at the moment PID 1 cleans up the re-parented processes.
With this prctl, a service manager process can mark itself as a sort of
'sub-init', able to stay as the parent for all orphaned processes
created by the started services. All SIGCHLD signals will be delivered
to the service manager.
Receiving SIGCHLD and doing wait() is in cases of a service-manager much
preferred over any possible asynchronous notification about specific
PIDs, because the service manager has full access to the child process
data in /proc and the PID can not be re-used until the wait(), the
service-manager itself is in charge of, has happened.
As a side effect, the relevant parent PID information does not get lost
by a double-fork, which results in a more elaborate process tree and
'ps' output:
before:
# ps afx
253 ? Ss 0:00 /bin/dbus-daemon --system --nofork
294 ? Sl 0:00 /usr/libexec/polkit-1/polkitd
328 ? S 0:00 /usr/sbin/modem-manager
608 ? Sl 0:00 /usr/libexec/colord
658 ? Sl 0:00 /usr/libexec/upowerd
819 ? Sl 0:00 /usr/libexec/imsettings-daemon
916 ? Sl 0:00 /usr/libexec/udisks-daemon
917 ? S 0:00 \_ udisks-daemon: not polling any devices
after:
# ps afx
294 ? Ss 0:00 /bin/dbus-daemon --system --nofork
426 ? Sl 0:00 \_ /usr/libexec/polkit-1/polkitd
449 ? S 0:00 \_ /usr/sbin/modem-manager
635 ? Sl 0:00 \_ /usr/libexec/colord
705 ? Sl 0:00 \_ /usr/libexec/upowerd
959 ? Sl 0:00 \_ /usr/libexec/udisks-daemon
960 ? S 0:00 | \_ udisks-daemon: not polling any devices
977 ? Sl 0:00 \_ /usr/libexec/packagekitd
This prctl is orthogonal to PID namespaces. PID namespaces are isolated
from each other, while a service management process usually requires the
services to live in the same namespace, to be able to talk to each
other.
Users of this will be the systemd per-user instance, which provides
init-like functionality for the user's login session and D-Bus, which
activates bus services on-demand. Both need init-like capabilities to
be able to properly keep track of the services they start.
Many thanks to Oleg for several rounds of review and insights.
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: fix comment layout and spelling]
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: add lengthy code comment from Oleg]
Reviewed-by: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Lennart Poettering <lennart@poettering.net>
Signed-off-by: Kay Sievers <kay.sievers@vrfy.org>
Acked-by: Valdis Kletnieks <Valdis.Kletnieks@vt.edu>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Merge first batch of patches from Andrew Morton:
"A few misc things and all the MM queue"
* emailed from Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>: (92 commits)
memcg: avoid THP split in task migration
thp: add HPAGE_PMD_* definitions for !CONFIG_TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE
memcg: clean up existing move charge code
mm/memcontrol.c: remove unnecessary 'break' in mem_cgroup_read()
mm/memcontrol.c: remove redundant BUG_ON() in mem_cgroup_usage_unregister_event()
mm/memcontrol.c: s/stealed/stolen/
memcg: fix performance of mem_cgroup_begin_update_page_stat()
memcg: remove PCG_FILE_MAPPED
memcg: use new logic for page stat accounting
memcg: remove PCG_MOVE_LOCK flag from page_cgroup
memcg: simplify move_account() check
memcg: remove EXPORT_SYMBOL(mem_cgroup_update_page_stat)
memcg: kill dead prev_priority stubs
memcg: remove PCG_CACHE page_cgroup flag
memcg: let css_get_next() rely upon rcu_read_lock()
cgroup: revert ss_id_lock to spinlock
idr: make idr_get_next() good for rcu_read_lock()
memcg: remove unnecessary thp check in page stat accounting
memcg: remove redundant returns
memcg: enum lru_list lru
...
sync_mm_rss() can only be used for current to avoid race conditions in
iterating and clearing its per-task counters. Remove the task argument
for it and its helper function, __sync_task_rss_stat(), to avoid thinking
it can be used safely for anything other than current.
Signed-off-by: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Acked-by: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Pull security subsystem updates for 3.4 from James Morris:
"The main addition here is the new Yama security module from Kees Cook,
which was discussed at the Linux Security Summit last year. Its
purpose is to collect miscellaneous DAC security enhancements in one
place. This also marks a departure in policy for LSM modules, which
were previously limited to being standalone access control systems.
Chromium OS is using Yama, and I believe there are plans for Ubuntu,
at least.
This patchset also includes maintenance updates for AppArmor, TOMOYO
and others."
Fix trivial conflict in <net/sock.h> due to the jumo_label->static_key
rename.
* 'next' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/jmorris/linux-security: (38 commits)
AppArmor: Fix location of const qualifier on generated string tables
TOMOYO: Return error if fails to delete a domain
AppArmor: add const qualifiers to string arrays
AppArmor: Add ability to load extended policy
TOMOYO: Return appropriate value to poll().
AppArmor: Move path failure information into aa_get_name and rename
AppArmor: Update dfa matching routines.
AppArmor: Minor cleanup of d_namespace_path to consolidate error handling
AppArmor: Retrieve the dentry_path for error reporting when path lookup fails
AppArmor: Add const qualifiers to generated string tables
AppArmor: Fix oops in policy unpack auditing
AppArmor: Fix error returned when a path lookup is disconnected
KEYS: testing wrong bit for KEY_FLAG_REVOKED
TOMOYO: Fix mount flags checking order.
security: fix ima kconfig warning
AppArmor: Fix the error case for chroot relative path name lookup
AppArmor: fix mapping of META_READ to audit and quiet flags
AppArmor: Fix underflow in xindex calculation
AppArmor: Fix dropping of allowed operations that are force audited
AppArmor: Add mising end of structure test to caps unpacking
...
Assorted extensions and fixes including:
* Introduction of early/late suspend/hibernation device callbacks.
* Generic PM domains extensions and fixes.
* devfreq updates from Axel Lin and MyungJoo Ham.
* Device PM QoS updates.
* Fixes of concurrency problems with wakeup sources.
* System suspend and hibernation fixes.
-----BEGIN PGP SIGNATURE-----
Version: GnuPG v2.0.18 (GNU/Linux)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=IGhc
-----END PGP SIGNATURE-----
Merge tag 'pm-for-3.4' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/rafael/linux-pm
Pull power management updates for 3.4 from Rafael Wysocki:
"Assorted extensions and fixes including:
* Introduction of early/late suspend/hibernation device callbacks.
* Generic PM domains extensions and fixes.
* devfreq updates from Axel Lin and MyungJoo Ham.
* Device PM QoS updates.
* Fixes of concurrency problems with wakeup sources.
* System suspend and hibernation fixes."
* tag 'pm-for-3.4' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/rafael/linux-pm: (43 commits)
PM / Domains: Check domain status during hibernation restore of devices
PM / devfreq: add relation of recommended frequency.
PM / shmobile: Make MTU2 driver use pm_genpd_dev_always_on()
PM / shmobile: Make CMT driver use pm_genpd_dev_always_on()
PM / shmobile: Make TMU driver use pm_genpd_dev_always_on()
PM / Domains: Introduce "always on" device flag
PM / Domains: Fix hibernation restore of devices, v2
PM / Domains: Fix handling of wakeup devices during system resume
sh_mmcif / PM: Use PM QoS latency constraint
tmio_mmc / PM: Use PM QoS latency constraint
PM / QoS: Make it possible to expose PM QoS latency constraints
PM / Sleep: JBD and JBD2 missing set_freezable()
PM / Domains: Fix include for PM_GENERIC_DOMAINS=n case
PM / Freezer: Remove references to TIF_FREEZE in comments
PM / Sleep: Add more wakeup source initialization routines
PM / Hibernate: Enable usermodehelpers in hibernate() error path
PM / Sleep: Make __pm_stay_awake() delete wakeup source timers
PM / Sleep: Fix race conditions related to wakeup source timer function
PM / Sleep: Fix possible infinite loop during wakeup source destruction
PM / Hibernate: print physical addresses consistently with other parts of kernel
...
exit_notify() changes ->exit_signal if the parent already did exec.
This doesn't really work, we are not going to send the signal now
if there is another live thread or the exiting task is traced. The
parent can exec before the last dies or the tracer detaches.
Move this check into do_notify_parent() which actually sends the
signal.
The user-visible change is that we do not change ->exit_signal,
and thus the exiting task is still "clone children" for
do_wait()->eligible_child(__WCLONE). Hopefully this is fine, the
current logic is racy anyway.
Signed-off-by: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
exit_notify() checks "tsk->self_exec_id != tsk->parent_exec_id"
to handle the "we have changed execution domain" case.
We can change do_thread() to always set ->exit_signal = SIGCHLD
and remove this check to simplify the code.
We could change setup_new_exec() instead, this looks more logical
because it increments ->self_exec_id. But note that de_thread()
already resets ->exit_signal if it changes the leader, let's keep
both changes close to each other.
Note that we change ->exit_signal lockless, this changes the rules.
Thereafter ->exit_signal is not stable under tasklist but this is
fine, the only possible change is OLDSIG -> SIGCHLD. This can race
with eligible_child() but the race is harmless. We can race with
reparent_leader() which changes our ->exit_signal in parallel, but
it does the same change to SIGCHLD.
The noticeable user-visible change is that the execing task is not
"visible" to do_wait()->eligible_child(__WCLONE) right after exec.
To me this looks more logical, and this is consistent with mt case.
Signed-off-by: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Currently IRQTF_DIED flag is set when a IRQ thread handler calls do_exit()
But also PF_EXITING per process flag gets set when a thread exits. This
fix eliminates the duplicate by using PF_EXITING flag.
Also, there is a race condition in exit_irq_thread(). In case a thread's
bit is cleared in desc->threads_oneshot (and the IRQ line gets unmasked),
but before IRQTF_DIED flag is set, a new interrupt might come in and set
just cleared bit again, this time forever. This fix throws IRQTF_DIED flag
away, eliminating the race as a result.
[ tglx: Test THREAD_EXITING first as suggested by Oleg ]
Reported-by: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Alexander Gordeev <agordeev@redhat.com>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20120309135958.GD2114@dhcp-26-207.brq.redhat.com
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
This patch removes all the references in the code about the TIF_FREEZE
flag removed by commit a3201227f8
freezer: make freezing() test freeze conditions in effect instead of TIF_FREEZE
There still are some references to TIF_FREEZE in
Documentation/power/freezing-of-tasks.txt, but it looks like that
documentation needs more thorough work to reflect how the new
freezer works, and hence merely removing the references to TIF_FREEZE
won't really help. So I have not touched that part in this patch.
Suggested-by: Srivatsa S. Bhat <srivatsa.bhat@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Marcos Paulo de Souza <marcos.mage@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Rafael J. Wysocki <rjw@sisk.pl>
Replace the fd_sets in struct fdtable with an array of unsigned longs and then
use the standard non-atomic bit operations rather than the FD_* macros.
This:
(1) Removes the abuses of struct fd_set:
(a) Since we don't want to allocate a full fd_set the vast majority of the
time, we actually, in effect, just allocate a just-big-enough array of
unsigned longs and cast it to an fd_set type - so why bother with the
fd_set at all?
(b) Some places outside of the core fdtable handling code (such as
SELinux) want to look inside the array of unsigned longs hidden inside
the fd_set struct for more efficient iteration over the entire set.
(2) Eliminates the use of FD_*() macros in the kernel completely.
(3) Permits the __FD_*() macros to be deleted entirely where not exposed to
userspace.
Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20120216174954.23314.48147.stgit@warthog.procyon.org.uk
Signed-off-by: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@zytor.com>
Cc: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
try_to_wake_up() has a problem which may change status from TASK_DEAD to
TASK_RUNNING in race condition with SMI or guest environment of virtual
machine. As a result, exited task is scheduled() again and panic occurs.
Here is the sequence how it occurs:
----------------------------------+-----------------------------
|
CPU A | CPU B
----------------------------------+-----------------------------
TASK A calls exit()....
do_exit()
exit_mm()
down_read(mm->mmap_sem);
rwsem_down_failed_common()
set TASK_UNINTERRUPTIBLE
set waiter.task <= task A
list_add to sem->wait_list
:
raw_spin_unlock_irq()
(I/O interruption occured)
__rwsem_do_wake(mmap_sem)
list_del(&waiter->list);
waiter->task = NULL
wake_up_process(task A)
try_to_wake_up()
(task is still
TASK_UNINTERRUPTIBLE)
p->on_rq is still 1.)
ttwu_do_wakeup()
(*A)
:
(I/O interruption handler finished)
if (!waiter.task)
schedule() is not called
due to waiter.task is NULL.
tsk->state = TASK_RUNNING
:
check_preempt_curr();
:
task->state = TASK_DEAD
(*B)
<--- set TASK_RUNNING (*C)
schedule()
(exit task is running again)
BUG_ON() is called!
--------------------------------------------------------
The execution time between (*A) and (*B) is usually very short,
because the interruption is disabled, and setting TASK_RUNNING at (*C)
must be executed before setting TASK_DEAD.
HOWEVER, if SMI is interrupted between (*A) and (*B),
(*C) is able to execute AFTER setting TASK_DEAD!
Then, exited task is scheduled again, and BUG_ON() is called....
If the system works on guest system of virtual machine, the time
between (*A) and (*B) may be also long due to scheduling of hypervisor,
and same phenomenon can occur.
By this patch, do_exit() waits for releasing task->pi_lock which is used
in try_to_wake_up(). It guarantees the task becomes TASK_DEAD after
waking up.
Signed-off-by: Yasunori Goto <y-goto@jp.fujitsu.com>
Acked-by: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20120117174031.3118.E1E9C6FF@jp.fujitsu.com
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
* 'for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/viro/audit: (29 commits)
audit: no leading space in audit_log_d_path prefix
audit: treat s_id as an untrusted string
audit: fix signedness bug in audit_log_execve_info()
audit: comparison on interprocess fields
audit: implement all object interfield comparisons
audit: allow interfield comparison between gid and ogid
audit: complex interfield comparison helper
audit: allow interfield comparison in audit rules
Kernel: Audit Support For The ARM Platform
audit: do not call audit_getname on error
audit: only allow tasks to set their loginuid if it is -1
audit: remove task argument to audit_set_loginuid
audit: allow audit matching on inode gid
audit: allow matching on obj_uid
audit: remove audit_finish_fork as it can't be called
audit: reject entry,always rules
audit: inline audit_free to simplify the look of generic code
audit: drop audit_set_macxattr as it doesn't do anything
audit: inline checks for not needing to collect aux records
audit: drop some potentially inadvisable likely notations
...
Use evil merge to fix up grammar mistakes in Kconfig file.
Bad speling and horrible grammar (and copious swearing) is to be
expected, but let's keep it to commit messages and comments, rather than
expose it to users in config help texts or printouts.
* 'pm-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/rafael/linux-pm: (76 commits)
PM / Hibernate: Implement compat_ioctl for /dev/snapshot
PM / Freezer: fix return value of freezable_schedule_timeout_killable()
PM / shmobile: Allow the A4R domain to be turned off at run time
PM / input / touchscreen: Make st1232 use device PM QoS constraints
PM / QoS: Introduce dev_pm_qos_add_ancestor_request()
PM / shmobile: Remove the stay_on flag from SH7372's PM domains
PM / shmobile: Don't include SH7372's INTCS in syscore suspend/resume
PM / shmobile: Add support for the sh7372 A4S power domain / sleep mode
PM: Drop generic_subsys_pm_ops
PM / Sleep: Remove forward-only callbacks from AMBA bus type
PM / Sleep: Remove forward-only callbacks from platform bus type
PM: Run the driver callback directly if the subsystem one is not there
PM / Sleep: Make pm_op() and pm_noirq_op() return callback pointers
PM/Devfreq: Add Exynos4-bus device DVFS driver for Exynos4210/4212/4412.
PM / Sleep: Merge internal functions in generic_ops.c
PM / Sleep: Simplify generic system suspend callbacks
PM / Hibernate: Remove deprecated hibernation snapshot ioctls
PM / Sleep: Fix freezer failures due to racy usermodehelper_is_disabled()
ARM: S3C64XX: Implement basic power domain support
PM / shmobile: Use common always on power domain governor
...
Fix up trivial conflict in fs/xfs/xfs_buf.c due to removal of unused
XBT_FORCE_SLEEP bit
* 'sched-core-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip: (40 commits)
sched/tracing: Add a new tracepoint for sleeptime
sched: Disable scheduler warnings during oopses
sched: Fix cgroup movement of waking process
sched: Fix cgroup movement of newly created process
sched: Fix cgroup movement of forking process
sched: Remove cfs bandwidth period check in tg_set_cfs_period()
sched: Fix load-balance lock-breaking
sched: Replace all_pinned with a generic flags field
sched: Only queue remote wakeups when crossing cache boundaries
sched: Add missing rcu_dereference() around ->real_parent usage
[S390] fix cputime overflow in uptime_proc_show
[S390] cputime: add sparse checking and cleanup
sched: Mark parent and real_parent as __rcu
sched, nohz: Fix missing RCU read lock
sched, nohz: Set the NOHZ_BALANCE_KICK flag for idle load balancer
sched, nohz: Fix the idle cpu check in nohz_idle_balance
sched: Use jump_labels for sched_feat
sched/accounting: Fix parameter passing in task_group_account_field
sched/accounting: Fix user/system tick double accounting
sched/accounting: Re-use scheduler statistics for the root cgroup
...
Fix up conflicts in
- arch/ia64/include/asm/cputime.h, include/asm-generic/cputime.h
usecs_to_cputime64() vs the sparse cleanups
- kernel/sched/fair.c, kernel/time/tick-sched.c
scheduler changes in multiple branches
Test-case:
int main(void)
{
int pid, status;
pid = fork();
if (!pid) {
for (;;) {
if (!fork())
return 0;
if (waitpid(-1, &status, 0) < 0) {
printf("ERR!! wait: %m\n");
return 0;
}
}
}
assert(ptrace(PTRACE_ATTACH, pid, 0,0) == 0);
assert(waitpid(-1, NULL, 0) == pid);
assert(ptrace(PTRACE_SETOPTIONS, pid, 0,
PTRACE_O_TRACEFORK) == 0);
do {
ptrace(PTRACE_CONT, pid, 0, 0);
pid = waitpid(-1, NULL, 0);
} while (pid > 0);
return 1;
}
It fails because ->real_parent sees its child in EXIT_DEAD state
while the tracer is going to change the state back to EXIT_ZOMBIE
in wait_task_zombie().
The offending commit is 823b018e which moved the EXIT_DEAD check,
but in fact we should not blame it. The original code was not
correct as well because it didn't take ptrace_reparented() into
account and because we can't really trust ->ptrace.
This patch adds the additional check to close this particular
race but it doesn't solve the whole problem. We simply can't
rely on ->ptrace in this case, it can be cleared if the tracer
is multithreaded by the exiting ->parent.
I think we should kill EXIT_DEAD altogether, we should always
remove the soon-to-be-reaped child from ->children or at least
we should never do the DEAD->ZOMBIE transition. But this is too
complex for 3.2.
Reported-and-tested-by: Denys Vlasenko <vda.linux@googlemail.com>
Tested-by: Lukasz Michalik <lmi@ift.uni.wroc.pl>
Acked-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Cc: <stable@kernel.org> [3.0+]
Signed-off-by: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
It's a years long problem that a large number of short-lived dirtiers
(eg. gcc instances in a fast kernel build) may starve long-run dirtiers
(eg. dd) as well as pushing the dirty pages to the global hard limit.
The solution is to charge the pages dirtied by the exited gcc to the
other random dirtying tasks. It sounds not perfect, however should
behave good enough in practice, seeing as that throttled tasks aren't
actually running so those that are running are more likely to pick it up
and get throttled, therefore promoting an equal spread.
Randy: fix compile error: 'dirty_throttle_leaks' undeclared in exit.c
Acked-by: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
Acked-by: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Signed-off-by: Randy Dunlap <rdunlap@xenotime.net>
Signed-off-by: Wu Fengguang <fengguang.wu@intel.com>
Make cputime_t and cputime64_t nocast to enable sparse checking to
detect incorrect use of cputime. Drop the cputime macros for simple
scalar operations. The conversion macros are still needed.
Signed-off-by: Martin Schwidefsky <schwidefsky@de.ibm.com>
clear_freeze_flag() in exit_mm() is racy. Freezing can start
afterwards. Remove it. Skipping freezer for exiting task will be
properly implemented later.
Also, freezable() was testing exit_state directly to make system
freezer ignore dead tasks. Let the exiting task set PF_NOFREEZE after
entering TASK_DEAD instead.
Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Cc: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
This removes mm->oom_disable_count entirely since it's unnecessary and
currently buggy. The counter was intended to be per-process but it's
currently decremented in the exit path for each thread that exits, causing
it to underflow.
The count was originally intended to prevent oom killing threads that
share memory with threads that cannot be killed since it doesn't lead to
future memory freeing. The counter could be fixed to represent all
threads sharing the same mm, but it's better to remove the count since:
- it is possible that the OOM_DISABLE thread sharing memory with the
victim is waiting on that thread to exit and will actually cause
future memory freeing, and
- there is no guarantee that a thread is disabled from oom killing just
because another thread sharing its mm is oom disabled.
Signed-off-by: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Reported-by: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Cc: Ying Han <yinghan@google.com>
Cc: KOSAKI Motohiro <kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Add support for the shm_rmid_forced sysctl. If set to 1, all shared
memory objects in current ipc namespace will be automatically forced to
use IPC_RMID.
The POSIX way of handling shmem allows one to create shm objects and
call shmdt(), leaving shm object associated with no process, thus
consuming memory not counted via rlimits.
With shm_rmid_forced=1 the shared memory object is counted at least for
one process, so OOM killer may effectively kill the fat process holding
the shared memory.
It obviously breaks POSIX - some programs relying on the feature would
stop working. So set shm_rmid_forced=1 only if you're sure nobody uses
"orphaned" memory. Use shm_rmid_forced=0 by default for compatability
reasons.
The feature was previously impemented in -ow as a configure option.
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: fix documentation, per Randy]
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: fix warning]
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: readability/conventionality tweaks]
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: fix shm_rmid_forced/shm_forced_rmid confusion, use standard comment layout]
Signed-off-by: Vasiliy Kulikov <segoon@openwall.com>
Cc: Randy Dunlap <rdunlap@xenotime.net>
Cc: "Eric W. Biederman" <ebiederm@xmission.com>
Cc: "Serge E. Hallyn" <serge.hallyn@canonical.com>
Cc: Daniel Lezcano <daniel.lezcano@free.fr>
Cc: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Cc: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Cc: Alan Cox <alan@lxorguk.ukuu.org.uk>
Cc: Solar Designer <solar@openwall.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* 'for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/jikos/trivial: (43 commits)
fs: Merge split strings
treewide: fix potentially dangerous trailing ';' in #defined values/expressions
uwb: Fix misspelling of neighbourhood in comment
net, netfilter: Remove redundant goto in ebt_ulog_packet
trivial: don't touch files that are removed in the staging tree
lib/vsprintf: replace link to Draft by final RFC number
doc: Kconfig: `to be' -> `be'
doc: Kconfig: Typo: square -> squared
doc: Konfig: Documentation/power/{pm => apm-acpi}.txt
drivers/net: static should be at beginning of declaration
drivers/media: static should be at beginning of declaration
drivers/i2c: static should be at beginning of declaration
XTENSA: static should be at beginning of declaration
SH: static should be at beginning of declaration
MIPS: static should be at beginning of declaration
ARM: static should be at beginning of declaration
rcu: treewide: Do not use rcu_read_lock_held when calling rcu_dereference_check
Update my e-mail address
PCIe ASPM: forcedly -> forcibly
gma500: push through device driver tree
...
Fix up trivial conflicts:
- arch/arm/mach-ep93xx/dma-m2p.c (deleted)
- drivers/gpio/gpio-ep93xx.c (renamed and context nearby)
- drivers/net/r8169.c (just context changes)
* 'for-3.1/core' of git://git.kernel.dk/linux-block: (24 commits)
block: strict rq_affinity
backing-dev: use synchronize_rcu_expedited instead of synchronize_rcu
block: fix patch import error in max_discard_sectors check
block: reorder request_queue to remove 64 bit alignment padding
CFQ: add think time check for group
CFQ: add think time check for service tree
CFQ: move think time check variables to a separate struct
fixlet: Remove fs_excl from struct task.
cfq: Remove special treatment for metadata rqs.
block: document blk_plug list access
block: avoid building too big plug list
compat_ioctl: fix make headers_check regression
block: eliminate potential for infinite loop in blkdev_issue_discard
compat_ioctl: fix warning caused by qemu
block: flush MEDIA_CHANGE from drivers on close(2)
blk-throttle: Make total_nr_queued unsigned
block: Add __attribute__((format(printf...) and fix fallout
fs/partitions/check.c: make local symbols static
block:remove some spare spaces in genhd.c
block:fix the comment error in blkdev.h
...
* 'ptrace' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/oleg/misc: (39 commits)
ptrace: do_wait(traced_leader_killed_by_mt_exec) can block forever
ptrace: fix ptrace_signal() && STOP_DEQUEUED interaction
connector: add an event for monitoring process tracers
ptrace: dont send SIGSTOP on auto-attach if PT_SEIZED
ptrace: mv send-SIGSTOP from do_fork() to ptrace_init_task()
ptrace_init_task: initialize child->jobctl explicitly
has_stopped_jobs: s/task_is_stopped/SIGNAL_STOP_STOPPED/
ptrace: make former thread ID available via PTRACE_GETEVENTMSG after PTRACE_EVENT_EXEC stop
ptrace: wait_consider_task: s/same_thread_group/ptrace_reparented/
ptrace: kill real_parent_is_ptracer() in in favor of ptrace_reparented()
ptrace: ptrace_reparented() should check same_thread_group()
redefine thread_group_leader() as exit_signal >= 0
do not change dead_task->exit_signal
kill task_detached()
reparent_leader: check EXIT_DEAD instead of task_detached()
make do_notify_parent() __must_check, update the callers
__ptrace_detach: avoid task_detached(), check do_notify_parent()
kill tracehook_notify_death()
make do_notify_parent() return bool
ptrace: s/tracehook_tracer_task()/ptrace_parent()/
...
has_stopped_jobs() naively checks task_is_stopped(group_leader). This
was always wrong even without ptrace, group_leader can be dead. And
given that ptrace can change the state to TRACED this is wrong even
in the single-threaded case.
Change the code to check SIGNAL_STOP_STOPPED and simplify the code,
retval + break/continue doesn't make this trivial code more readable.
We could probably add the usual "|| signal->group_stop_count" check
but I don't think this makes sense, the task can start the group-stop
right after the check anyway.
Signed-off-by: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
fs_excl is a poor man's priority inheritance for filesystems to hint to
the block layer that an operation is important. It was never clearly
specified, not widely adopted, and will not prevent starvation in many
cases (like across cgroups).
fs_excl was introduced with the time sliced CFQ IO scheduler, to
indicate when a process held FS exclusive resources and thus needed
a boost.
It doesn't cover all file systems, and it was never fully complete.
Lets kill it.
Signed-off-by: Justin TerAvest <teravest@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <jaxboe@fusionio.com>
Since ca5ecddf (rcu: define __rcu address space modifier for sparse)
rcu_dereference_check use rcu_read_lock_held as a part of condition
automatically so callers do not have to do that as well.
Signed-off-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Acked-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Jiri Kosina <jkosina@suse.cz>
wait_consider_task() checks same_thread_group(parent, real_parent),
this is the open-coded ptrace_reparented().
__ptrace_detach() remains the only function which has to check this by
hand, although we could reorganize the code to delay __ptrace_unlink.
Signed-off-by: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Upadate the last user of task_detached(), wait_task_zombie(), to
use thread_group_leader() and kill task_detached().
Signed-off-by: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Change reparent_leader() to check ->exit_state instead of ->exit_signal,
this matches the similar EXIT_DEAD check in wait_consider_task() and
allows us to cleanup the do_notify_parent/task_detached logic.
task_detached() was really needed during reparenting before 9cd80bbb
"do_wait() optimization: do not place sub-threads on ->children list"
to filter out the sub-threads. After this change task_detached(p) can
only be true if p is the dead group_leader and its parent ignores
SIGCHLD, in this case the caller of do_notify_parent() is going to
reap this task and it should set EXIT_DEAD.
Signed-off-by: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Change other callers of do_notify_parent() to check the value it
returns, this makes the subsequent task_detached() unnecessary.
Mark do_notify_parent() as __must_check.
Use thread_group_leader() instead of !task_detached() to check
if we need to notify the real parent in wait_task_zombie().
Remove the stale comment in release_task(). "just for sanity" is
no longer true, we have to set EXIT_DEAD to avoid the races with
do_wait().
Signed-off-by: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Kill tracehook_notify_death(), reimplement the logic in its caller,
exit_notify().
Also, change the exec_id's check to use thread_group_leader() instead
of task_detached(), this is more clear. This logic only applies to
the exiting leader, a sub-thread must never change its exit_signal.
Note: when the traced group leader exits the exit_signal-or-SIGCHLD
logic looks really strange:
- we notify the tracer even if !thread_group_empty() but
do_wait(WEXITED) can't work until all threads exit
- if the tracer is real_parent, it is not clear why can't
we use ->exit_signal event if !thread_group_empty()
-v2: do not try to fix the 2nd oddity to avoid the subtle behavior
change mixed with reorganization, suggested by Tejun.
Signed-off-by: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
- change do_notify_parent() to return a boolean, true if the task should
be reaped because its parent ignores SIGCHLD.
- update the only caller which checks the returned value, exit_notify().
This temporary uglifies exit_notify() even more, will be cleanuped by
the next change.
Signed-off-by: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
At this point, tracehooks aren't useful to mainline kernel and mostly
just add an extra layer of obfuscation. Although they have comments,
without actual in-kernel users, it is difficult to tell what are their
assumptions and they're actually trying to achieve. To mainline
kernel, they just aren't worth keeping around.
This patch kills the following trivial tracehooks.
* Ones testing whether task is ptraced. Replace with ->ptrace test.
tracehook_expect_breakpoints()
tracehook_consider_ignored_signal()
tracehook_consider_fatal_signal()
* ptrace_event() wrappers. Call directly.
tracehook_report_exec()
tracehook_report_exit()
tracehook_report_vfork_done()
* ptrace_release_task() wrapper. Call directly.
tracehook_finish_release_task()
* noop
tracehook_prepare_release_task()
tracehook_report_death()
This doesn't introduce any behavior change.
Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Cc: Christoph Hellwig <hch@infradead.org>
Cc: Martin Schwidefsky <schwidefsky@de.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
task_ptrace(task) simply dereferences task->ptrace and isn't even used
consistently only adding confusion. Kill it and directly access
->ptrace instead.
This doesn't introduce any behavior change.
Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
The previous patch implemented async notification for ptrace but it
only worked while trace is running. This patch introduces
PTRACE_LISTEN which is suggested by Oleg Nestrov.
It's allowed iff tracee is in STOP trap and puts tracee into
quasi-running state - tracee never really runs but wait(2) and
ptrace(2) consider it to be running. While ptracer is listening,
tracee is allowed to re-enter STOP to notify an async event.
Listening state is cleared on the first notification. Ptracer can
also clear it by issuing INTERRUPT - tracee will re-trap into STOP
with listening state cleared.
This allows ptracer to monitor group stop state without running tracee
- use INTERRUPT to put tracee into STOP trap, issue LISTEN and then
wait(2) to wait for the next group stop event. When it happens,
PTRACE_GETSIGINFO provides information to determine the current state.
Test program follows.
#define PTRACE_SEIZE 0x4206
#define PTRACE_INTERRUPT 0x4207
#define PTRACE_LISTEN 0x4208
#define PTRACE_SEIZE_DEVEL 0x80000000
static const struct timespec ts1s = { .tv_sec = 1 };
int main(int argc, char **argv)
{
pid_t tracee, tracer;
int i;
tracee = fork();
if (!tracee)
while (1)
pause();
tracer = fork();
if (!tracer) {
siginfo_t si;
ptrace(PTRACE_SEIZE, tracee, NULL,
(void *)(unsigned long)PTRACE_SEIZE_DEVEL);
ptrace(PTRACE_INTERRUPT, tracee, NULL, NULL);
repeat:
waitid(P_PID, tracee, NULL, WSTOPPED);
ptrace(PTRACE_GETSIGINFO, tracee, NULL, &si);
if (!si.si_code) {
printf("tracer: SIG %d\n", si.si_signo);
ptrace(PTRACE_CONT, tracee, NULL,
(void *)(unsigned long)si.si_signo);
goto repeat;
}
printf("tracer: stopped=%d signo=%d\n",
si.si_signo != SIGTRAP, si.si_signo);
if (si.si_signo != SIGTRAP)
ptrace(PTRACE_LISTEN, tracee, NULL, NULL);
else
ptrace(PTRACE_CONT, tracee, NULL, NULL);
goto repeat;
}
for (i = 0; i < 3; i++) {
nanosleep(&ts1s, NULL);
printf("mother: SIGSTOP\n");
kill(tracee, SIGSTOP);
nanosleep(&ts1s, NULL);
printf("mother: SIGCONT\n");
kill(tracee, SIGCONT);
}
nanosleep(&ts1s, NULL);
kill(tracer, SIGKILL);
kill(tracee, SIGKILL);
return 0;
}
This is identical to the program to test TRAP_NOTIFY except that
tracee is PTRACE_LISTEN'd instead of PTRACE_CONT'd when group stopped.
This allows ptracer to monitor when group stop ends without running
tracee.
# ./test-listen
tracer: stopped=0 signo=5
mother: SIGSTOP
tracer: SIG 19
tracer: stopped=1 signo=19
mother: SIGCONT
tracer: stopped=0 signo=5
tracer: SIG 18
mother: SIGSTOP
tracer: SIG 19
tracer: stopped=1 signo=19
mother: SIGCONT
tracer: stopped=0 signo=5
tracer: SIG 18
mother: SIGSTOP
tracer: SIG 19
tracer: stopped=1 signo=19
mother: SIGCONT
tracer: stopped=0 signo=5
tracer: SIG 18
-v2: Moved JOBCTL_LISTENING check in wait_task_stopped() into
task_stopped_code() as suggested by Oleg.
Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Cc: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
The following crash was reported:
> Call Trace:
> [<ffffffff81139792>] mem_cgroup_from_task+0x15/0x17
> [<ffffffff8113a75a>] __mem_cgroup_try_charge+0x148/0x4b4
> [<ffffffff810493f3>] ? need_resched+0x23/0x2d
> [<ffffffff814cbf43>] ? preempt_schedule+0x46/0x4f
> [<ffffffff8113afe8>] mem_cgroup_charge_common+0x9a/0xce
> [<ffffffff8113b6d1>] mem_cgroup_newpage_charge+0x5d/0x5f
> [<ffffffff81134024>] khugepaged+0x5da/0xfaf
> [<ffffffff81078ea0>] ? __init_waitqueue_head+0x4b/0x4b
> [<ffffffff81133a4a>] ? add_mm_counter.constprop.5+0x13/0x13
> [<ffffffff81078625>] kthread+0xa8/0xb0
> [<ffffffff814d13e8>] ? sub_preempt_count+0xa1/0xb4
> [<ffffffff814d5664>] kernel_thread_helper+0x4/0x10
> [<ffffffff814ce858>] ? retint_restore_args+0x13/0x13
> [<ffffffff8107857d>] ? __init_kthread_worker+0x5a/0x5a
What happens is that khugepaged tries to charge a huge page against an mm
whose last possible owner has already exited, and the memory controller
crashes when the stale mm->owner is used to look up the cgroup to charge.
mm->owner has never been set to NULL with the last owner going away, but
nobody cared until khugepaged came along.
Even then it wasn't a problem because the final mmput() on an mm was
forced to acquire and release mmap_sem in write-mode, preventing an
exiting owner to go away while the mmap_sem was held, and until "692e0b3
mm: thp: optimize memcg charge in khugepaged", the memory cgroup charge
was protected by mmap_sem in read-mode.
Instead of going back to relying on the mmap_sem to enforce lifetime of a
task, this patch ensures that mm->owner is properly set to NULL when the
last possible owner is exiting, which the memory controller can handle
just fine.
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: tweak comments]
Signed-off-by: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Signed-off-by: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Signed-off-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Reported-by: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Reported-by: Dave Jones <davej@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
wait_task_stopped() tested task_stopped_code() without acquiring
siglock and, if stop condition existed, called wait_task_stopped() and
directly returned the result. This patch moves the initial
task_stopped_code() testing into wait_task_stopped() and make
wait_consider_task() fall through to wait_task_continue() on 0 return.
This is for the following two reasons.
* Because the initial task_stopped_code() test is done without
acquiring siglock, it may race against SIGCONT generation. The
stopped condition might have been replaced by continued state by the
time wait_task_stopped() acquired siglock. This may lead to
unexpected failure of WNOHANG waits.
This reorganization addresses this single race case but there are
other cases - TASK_RUNNING -> TASK_STOPPED transition and EXIT_*
transitions.
* Scheduled ptrace updates require changes to the initial test which
would fit better inside wait_task_stopped().
Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
When a task is traced and is in a stopped state, the tracer
may execute a ptrace request to examine the tracee state and
get its task struct. Right after, the tracee can be killed
and thus its breakpoints released.
This can happen concurrently when the tracer is in the middle
of reading or modifying these breakpoints, leading to dereferencing
a freed pointer.
Hence, to prepare the fix, create a generic breakpoint reference
holding API. When a reference on the breakpoints of a task is
held, the breakpoints won't be released until the last reference
is dropped. After that, no more ptrace request on the task's
breakpoints can be serviced for the tracer.
Reported-by: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Frederic Weisbecker <fweisbec@gmail.com>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Cc: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
Cc: Prasad <prasad@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Paul Mundt <lethal@linux-sh.org>
Cc: v2.6.33.. <stable@kernel.org>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1302284067-7860-2-git-send-email-fweisbec@gmail.com
Currently a real parent can't access job control stopped/continued
events through a ptraced child. This utterly breaks job control when
the children are ptraced.
For example, if a program is run from an interactive shell and then
strace(1) attaches to it, pressing ^Z would send SIGTSTP and strace(1)
would notice it but the shell has no way to tell whether the child
entered job control stop and thus can't tell when to take over the
terminal - leading to awkward lone ^Z on the terminal.
Because the job control and ptrace stopped states are independent,
there is no reason to prevent real parents from accessing the stopped
state regardless of ptrace. The continued state isn't separate but
ptracers don't have any use for them as ptracees can never resume
without explicit command from their ptracers, so as long as ptracers
don't consume it, it should be fine.
Although this is a behavior change, because the previous behavior is
utterly broken when viewed from real parents and the change is only
visible to real parents, I don't think it's necessary to make this
behavior optional.
One situation to be careful about is when a task from the real
parent's group is ptracing. The parent group is the recipient of both
ptrace and job control stop events and one stop can be reported as
both job control and ptrace stops. As this can break the current
ptrace users, suppress job control stopped events for these cases.
If a real parent ptracer wants to know about both job control and
ptrace stops, it can create a separate process to serve the role of
real parent.
Note that this only updates wait(2) side of things. The real parent
can access the states via wait(2) but still is not properly notified
(woken up and delivered signal). Test case polls wait(2) with WNOHANG
to work around. Notification will be updated by future patches.
Test case follows.
#include <stdio.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <time.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/ptrace.h>
#include <sys/wait.h>
int main(void)
{
const struct timespec ts100ms = { .tv_nsec = 100000000 };
pid_t tracee, tracer;
siginfo_t si;
int i;
tracee = fork();
if (tracee == 0) {
while (1) {
printf("tracee: SIGSTOP\n");
raise(SIGSTOP);
nanosleep(&ts100ms, NULL);
printf("tracee: SIGCONT\n");
raise(SIGCONT);
nanosleep(&ts100ms, NULL);
}
}
waitid(P_PID, tracee, &si, WSTOPPED | WNOHANG | WNOWAIT);
tracer = fork();
if (tracer == 0) {
nanosleep(&ts100ms, NULL);
ptrace(PTRACE_ATTACH, tracee, NULL, NULL);
for (i = 0; i < 11; i++) {
si.si_pid = 0;
waitid(P_PID, tracee, &si, WSTOPPED);
if (si.si_pid && si.si_code == CLD_TRAPPED)
ptrace(PTRACE_CONT, tracee, NULL,
(void *)(long)si.si_status);
}
printf("tracer: EXITING\n");
return 0;
}
while (1) {
si.si_pid = 0;
waitid(P_PID, tracee, &si,
WSTOPPED | WCONTINUED | WEXITED | WNOHANG);
if (si.si_pid)
printf("mommy : WAIT status=%02d code=%02d\n",
si.si_status, si.si_code);
nanosleep(&ts100ms, NULL);
}
return 0;
}
Before the patch, while ptraced, the parent can't see any job control
events.
tracee: SIGSTOP
mommy : WAIT status=19 code=05
tracee: SIGCONT
tracee: SIGSTOP
tracee: SIGCONT
tracee: SIGSTOP
tracee: SIGCONT
tracee: SIGSTOP
tracer: EXITING
mommy : WAIT status=19 code=05
^C
After the patch,
tracee: SIGSTOP
mommy : WAIT status=19 code=05
tracee: SIGCONT
mommy : WAIT status=18 code=06
tracee: SIGSTOP
mommy : WAIT status=19 code=05
tracee: SIGCONT
mommy : WAIT status=18 code=06
tracee: SIGSTOP
mommy : WAIT status=19 code=05
tracee: SIGCONT
mommy : WAIT status=18 code=06
tracee: SIGSTOP
tracer: EXITING
mommy : WAIT status=19 code=05
^C
-v2: Oleg pointed out that wait(2) should be suppressed for the real
parent's group instead of only the real parent task itself.
Updated accordingly.
Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Acked-by: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
wait(2) and friends allow access to stopped/continued states through
zombies, which is required as the states are process-wide and should
be accessible whether the leader task is alive or undead.
wait_consider_task() implements this by always clearing notask_error
and going through wait_task_stopped/continued() for unreaped zombies.
However, while ptraced, the stopped state is per-task and as such if
the ptracee became a zombie, there's no further stopped event to
listen to and wait(2) and friends should return -ECHILD on the tracee.
Fix it by clearing notask_error only if WCONTINUED | WEXITED is set
for ptraced zombies. While at it, document why clearing notask_error
is safe for each case.
Test case follows.
#include <stdio.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <pthread.h>
#include <time.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/ptrace.h>
#include <sys/wait.h>
static void *nooper(void *arg)
{
pause();
return NULL;
}
int main(void)
{
const struct timespec ts1s = { .tv_sec = 1 };
pid_t tracee, tracer;
siginfo_t si;
tracee = fork();
if (tracee == 0) {
pthread_t thr;
pthread_create(&thr, NULL, nooper, NULL);
nanosleep(&ts1s, NULL);
printf("tracee exiting\n");
pthread_exit(NULL); /* let subthread run */
}
tracer = fork();
if (tracer == 0) {
ptrace(PTRACE_ATTACH, tracee, NULL, NULL);
while (1) {
if (waitid(P_PID, tracee, &si, WSTOPPED) < 0) {
perror("waitid");
break;
}
ptrace(PTRACE_CONT, tracee, NULL,
(void *)(long)si.si_status);
}
return 0;
}
waitid(P_PID, tracer, &si, WEXITED);
kill(tracee, SIGKILL);
return 0;
}
Before the patch, after the tracee becomes a zombie, the tracer's
waitid(WSTOPPED) never returns and the program doesn't terminate.
tracee exiting
^C
After the patch, tracee exiting triggers waitid() to fail.
tracee exiting
waitid: No child processes
-v2: Oleg pointed out that exited in addition to continued can happen
for ptraced dead group leader. Clear notask_error for ptraced
child on WEXITED too.
Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Acked-by: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Move EXIT_DEAD test in wait_consider_task() above ptrace check. As
ptraced tasks can't be EXIT_DEAD, this change doesn't cause any
behavior change. This is to prepare for further changes.
Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Acked-by: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
This patch adds support for creating a queuing context outside
of the queue itself. This enables us to batch up pieces of IO
before grabbing the block device queue lock and submitting them to
the IO scheduler.
The context is created on the stack of the process and assigned in
the task structure, so that we can auto-unplug it if we hit a schedule
event.
The current queue plugging happens implicitly if IO is submitted to
an empty device, yet callers have to remember to unplug that IO when
they are going to wait for it. This is an ugly API and has caused bugs
in the past. Additionally, it requires hacks in the vm (->sync_page()
callback) to handle that logic. By switching to an explicit plugging
scheme we make the API a lot nicer and can get rid of the ->sync_page()
hack in the vm.
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <jaxboe@fusionio.com>
In particular this patch move perf_event_exit_task() before
cgroup_exit() to allow for cgroup support. The cgroup_exit()
function detaches the cgroups attached to a task.
Other movements include hoisting some definitions and inlines
at the top of perf_event.c
Signed-off-by: Stephane Eranian <eranian@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
LKML-Reference: <4d22058b.cdace30a.4657.ffff95b1@mx.google.com>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
__get_cpu_var() can be replaced with this_cpu_read and will then use a
single read instruction with implied address calculation to access the
correct per cpu instance.
However, the address of a per cpu variable passed to __this_cpu_read()
cannot be determined (since it's an implied address conversion through
segment prefixes). Therefore apply this only to uses of __get_cpu_var
where the address of the variable is not used.
Cc: Pekka Enberg <penberg@cs.helsinki.fi>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Acked-by: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@zytor.com>
Signed-off-by: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
If a user manages to trigger an oops with fs set to KERNEL_DS, fs is not
otherwise reset before do_exit(). do_exit may later (via mm_release in
fork.c) do a put_user to a user-controlled address, potentially allowing
a user to leverage an oops into a controlled write into kernel memory.
This is only triggerable in the presence of another bug, but this
potentially turns a lot of DoS bugs into privilege escalations, so it's
worth fixing. I have proof-of-concept code which uses this bug along
with CVE-2010-3849 to write a zero to an arbitrary kernel address, so
I've tested that this is not theoretical.
A more logical place to put this fix might be when we know an oops has
occurred, before we call do_exit(), but that would involve changing
every architecture, in multiple places.
Let's just stick it in do_exit instead.
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: update code comment]
Signed-off-by: Nelson Elhage <nelhage@ksplice.com>
Cc: KOSAKI Motohiro <kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com>
Cc: <stable@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
posix-cpu-timers.c correctly assumes that the dying process does
posix_cpu_timers_exit_group() and removes all !CPUCLOCK_PERTHREAD
timers from signal->cpu_timers list.
But, it also assumes that timer->it.cpu.task is always the group
leader, and thus the dead ->task means the dead thread group.
This is obviously not true after de_thread() changes the leader.
After that almost every posix_cpu_timer_ method has problems.
It is not simple to fix this bug correctly. First of all, I think
that timer->it.cpu should use struct pid instead of task_struct.
Also, the locking should be reworked completely. In particular,
tasklist_lock should not be used at all. This all needs a lot of
nontrivial and hard-to-test changes.
Change __exit_signal() to do posix_cpu_timers_exit_group() when
the old leader dies during exec. This is not the fix, just the
temporary hack to hide the problem for 2.6.37 and stable. IOW,
this is obviously wrong but this is what we currently have anyway:
cpu timers do not work after mt exec.
In theory this change adds another race. The exiting leader can
detach the timers which were attached to the new leader. However,
the window between de_thread() and release_task() is small, we
can pretend that sys_timer_create() was called before de_thread().
Signed-off-by: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
find_new_reaper() releases and regrabs tasklist_lock but was missing
proper annotations. Add it. This remove following sparse warning:
warning: context imbalance in 'find_new_reaper' - unexpected unlock
Signed-off-by: Namhyung Kim <namhyung@gmail.com>
Acked-by: Roland McGrath <roland@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
It's pointless to kill a task if another thread sharing its mm cannot be
killed to allow future memory freeing. A subsequent patch will prevent
kills in such cases, but first it's necessary to have a way to flag a task
that shares memory with an OOM_DISABLE task that doesn't incur an
additional tasklist scan, which would make select_bad_process() an O(n^2)
function.
This patch adds an atomic counter to struct mm_struct that follows how
many threads attached to it have an oom_score_adj of OOM_SCORE_ADJ_MIN.
They cannot be killed by the kernel, so their memory cannot be freed in
oom conditions.
This only requires task_lock() on the task that we're operating on, it
does not require mm->mmap_sem since task_lock() pins the mm and the
operation is atomic.
[rientjes@google.com: changelog and sys_unshare() code]
[rientjes@google.com: protect oom_disable_count with task_lock in fork]
[rientjes@google.com: use old_mm for oom_disable_count in exec]
Signed-off-by: Ying Han <yinghan@google.com>
Signed-off-by: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Cc: KOSAKI Motohiro <kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
I missed a perf_event_ctxp user when converting it to an array. Pull this
last user into perf_event.c as well and fix it up.
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
LKML-Reference: <new-submission>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Using a program like the following:
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/wait.h>
int main() {
id_t id;
siginfo_t infop;
pid_t res;
id = fork();
if (id == 0) { sleep(1); exit(0); }
kill(id, SIGSTOP);
alarm(1);
waitid(P_PID, id, &infop, WCONTINUED);
return 0;
}
to call waitid() on a stopped process results in access to the child task's
credentials without the RCU read lock being held - which may be replaced in the
meantime - eliciting the following warning:
===================================================
[ INFO: suspicious rcu_dereference_check() usage. ]
---------------------------------------------------
kernel/exit.c:1460 invoked rcu_dereference_check() without protection!
other info that might help us debug this:
rcu_scheduler_active = 1, debug_locks = 1
2 locks held by waitid02/22252:
#0: (tasklist_lock){.?.?..}, at: [<ffffffff81061ce5>] do_wait+0xc5/0x310
#1: (&(&sighand->siglock)->rlock){-.-...}, at: [<ffffffff810611da>]
wait_consider_task+0x19a/0xbe0
stack backtrace:
Pid: 22252, comm: waitid02 Not tainted 2.6.35-323cd+ #3
Call Trace:
[<ffffffff81095da4>] lockdep_rcu_dereference+0xa4/0xc0
[<ffffffff81061b31>] wait_consider_task+0xaf1/0xbe0
[<ffffffff81061d15>] do_wait+0xf5/0x310
[<ffffffff810620b6>] sys_waitid+0x86/0x1f0
[<ffffffff8105fce0>] ? child_wait_callback+0x0/0x70
[<ffffffff81003282>] system_call_fastpath+0x16/0x1b
This is fixed by holding the RCU read lock in wait_task_continued() to ensure
that the task's current credentials aren't destroyed between us reading the
cred pointer and us reading the UID from those credentials.
Furthermore, protect wait_task_stopped() in the same way.
We don't need to keep holding the RCU read lock once we've read the UID from
the credentials as holding the RCU read lock doesn't stop the target task from
changing its creds under us - so the credentials may be outdated immediately
after we've read the pointer, lock or no lock.
Signed-off-by: Daniel J Blueman <daniel.blueman@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Acked-by: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
exit_ptrace() takes tasklist_lock unconditionally. We need this lock to
avoid the race with ptrace_traceme(), it acts as a barrier.
Change its caller, forget_original_parent(), to call exit_ptrace() under
tasklist_lock. Change exit_ptrace() to drop and reacquire this lock if
needed.
This allows us to add the fastpath list_empty(ptraced) check. In the
likely no-tracees case exit_ptrace() just returns and we avoid the lock()
+ unlock() sequence.
"Zhang, Yanmin" <yanmin_zhang@linux.intel.com> suggested to add this
check, and he reports that this change adds about 11% improvement in some
tests.
Suggested-and-tested-by: "Zhang, Yanmin" <yanmin_zhang@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Roland McGrath <roland@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
No functional changes, just s/atomic_t count/int nr_threads/.
With the recent changes this counter has a single user, get_nr_threads()
And, none of its callers need the really accurate number of threads, not
to mention each caller obviously races with fork/exit. It is only used to
report this value to the user-space, except first_tid() uses it to avoid
the unnecessary while_each_thread() loop in the unlikely case.
It is a bit sad we need a word in struct signal_struct for this, perhaps
we can change get_nr_threads() to approximate the number of threads using
signal->live and kill ->nr_threads later.
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: coding-style fixes]
Signed-off-by: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Cc: Alexey Dobriyan <adobriyan@gmail.com>
Cc: "Eric W. Biederman" <ebiederm@xmission.com>
Acked-by: Roland McGrath <roland@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Move taskstats_tgid_free() from __exit_signal() to free_signal_struct().
This way signal->stats never points to nowhere and we can read ->stats
lockless.
Signed-off-by: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Cc: Balbir Singh <balbir@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Roland McGrath <roland@redhat.com>
Cc: Veaceslav Falico <vfalico@redhat.com>
Cc: Stanislaw Gruszka <sgruszka@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cleanup:
- Add the boolean, group_dead = thread_group_leader(), for clarity.
- Do not test/set sig == NULL to detect the all-dead case, use this
boolean.
- Pass this boolen to __unhash_process() and use it instead of another
thread_group_leader() call which needs ->group_leader.
This can be considered as microoptimization, but hopefully this also
allows us do do other cleanups later.
Signed-off-by: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Cc: Balbir Singh <balbir@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Roland McGrath <roland@redhat.com>
Cc: Veaceslav Falico <vfalico@redhat.com>
Cc: Stanislaw Gruszka <sgruszka@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Now that task->signal can't go away we can revert the horrible hack added
by ad474caca3 ("fix for
account_group_exec_runtime(), make sure ->signal can't be freed under
rq->lock").
And we can do more cleanups sched_stats.h/posix-cpu-timers.c later.
Signed-off-by: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Cc: Alan Cox <alan@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Acked-by: Roland McGrath <roland@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
When the last thread exits signal->tty is freed, but the pointer is not
cleared and points to nowhere.
This is OK. Nobody should use signal->tty lockless, and it is no longer
possible to take ->siglock. However this looks wrong even if correct, and
the nice OOPS is better than subtle and hard to find bugs.
Change __exit_signal() to clear signal->tty under ->siglock.
Note: __exit_signal() needs more cleanups. It should not check "sig !=
NULL" to detect the all-dead case and we have the same issues with
signal->stats.
Signed-off-by: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Cc: Alan Cox <alan@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Acked-by: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Acked-by: Roland McGrath <roland@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
We have a lot of problems with accessing task_struct->signal, it can
"disappear" at any moment. Even current can't use its ->signal safely
after exit_notify(). ->siglock helps, but it is not convenient, not
always possible, and sometimes it makes sense to use task->signal even
after this task has already dead.
This patch adds the reference counter, sigcnt, into signal_struct. This
reference is owned by task_struct and it is dropped in
__put_task_struct(). Perhaps it makes sense to export
get/put_signal_struct() later, but currently I don't see the immediate
reason.
Rename __cleanup_signal() to free_signal_struct() and unexport it. With
the previous changes it does nothing except kmem_cache_free().
Change __exit_signal() to not clear/free ->signal, it will be freed when
the last reference to any thread in the thread group goes away.
Note:
- when the last thead exits signal->tty can point to nowhere, see
the next patch.
- with or without this patch signal_struct->count should go away,
or at least it should be "int nr_threads" for fs/proc. This will
be addressed later.
Signed-off-by: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Cc: Alan Cox <alan@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Acked-by: Roland McGrath <roland@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
tty_kref_put() has two callsites in copy_process() paths,
1. if copy_process() suceeds it is called before we copy
signal->tty from parent
2. otherwise it is called from __cleanup_signal() under
bad_fork_cleanup_signal: label
In both cases tty_kref_put() is not right and unneeded because we don't
have the balancing tty_kref_get(). Fortunately, this is harmless because
this can only happen without CLONE_THREAD, and in this case signal->tty
must be NULL.
Remove tty_kref_put() from copy_process() and __cleanup_signal(), and
change another caller of __cleanup_signal(), __exit_signal(), to call
tty_kref_put() by hand.
I hope this change makes sense by itself, but it is also needed to make
->signal refcountable.
Signed-off-by: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Alan Cox <alan@linux.intel.com>
Acked-by: Roland McGrath <roland@redhat.com>
Cc: Greg KH <greg@kroah.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Change __exit_signal() to check thread_group_leader() instead of
atomic_dec_and_test(&sig->count). This must be equivalent, the group
leader must be released only after all other threads have exited and
passed __exit_signal().
Henceforth sig->count is not actually used, except in fs/proc for
get_nr_threads/etc.
Signed-off-by: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Roland McGrath <roland@redhat.com>
Cc: Veaceslav Falico <vfalico@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
de_thread() and __exit_signal() use signal_struct->count/notify_count for
synchronization. We can simplify the code and use ->notify_count only.
Instead of comparing these two counters, we can change de_thread() to set
->notify_count = nr_of_sub_threads, then change __exit_signal() to
dec-and-test this counter and notify group_exit_task.
Note that __exit_signal() checks "notify_count > 0" just for symmetry with
exit_notify(), we could just check it is != 0.
Signed-off-by: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Roland McGrath <roland@redhat.com>
Cc: Veaceslav Falico <vfalico@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
signal_struct->count in its current form must die.
- it has no reasons to be atomic_t
- it looks like a reference counter, but it is not
- otoh, we really need to make task->signal refcountable, just look at
the extremely ugly task_rq_unlock_wait() called from __exit_signals().
- we should change the lifetime rules for task->signal, it should be
pinned to task_struct. We have a lot of code which can be simplified
after that.
- it is not needed! while the code is correct, any usage of this
counter is artificial, except fs/proc uses it correctly to show the
number of threads.
This series removes the usage of sig->count from exit pathes.
This patch:
Now that Veaceslav changed copy_signal() to use zalloc(), exit_notify()
can just check notify_count < 0 to ensure the execing sub-threads needs
the notification from us. No need to do other checks, notify_count != 0
must always mean ->group_exit_task != NULL is waiting for us.
Signed-off-by: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Roland McGrath <roland@redhat.com>
Cc: Veaceslav Falico <vfalico@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Before applying this patch, cpuset updates task->mems_allowed and
mempolicy by setting all new bits in the nodemask first, and clearing all
old unallowed bits later. But in the way, the allocator may find that
there is no node to alloc memory.
The reason is that cpuset rebinds the task's mempolicy, it cleans the
nodes which the allocater can alloc pages on, for example:
(mpol: mempolicy)
task1 task1's mpol task2
alloc page 1
alloc on node0? NO 1
1 change mems from 1 to 0
1 rebind task1's mpol
0-1 set new bits
0 clear disallowed bits
alloc on node1? NO 0
...
can't alloc page
goto oom
This patch fixes this problem by expanding the nodes range first(set newly
allowed bits) and shrink it lazily(clear newly disallowed bits). So we
use a variable to tell the write-side task that read-side task is reading
nodemask, and the write-side task clears newly disallowed nodes after
read-side task ends the current memory allocation.
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: fix spello]
Signed-off-by: Miao Xie <miaox@cn.fujitsu.com>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Nick Piggin <npiggin@suse.de>
Cc: Paul Menage <menage@google.com>
Cc: Lee Schermerhorn <lee.schermerhorn@hp.com>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hugh.dickins@tiscali.co.uk>
Cc: Ravikiran Thirumalai <kiran@scalex86.org>
Cc: KOSAKI Motohiro <kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Andi Kleen <andi@firstfloor.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
- We weren't zeroing p->rss_stat[] at fork()
- Consequently sync_mm_rss() was dereferencing tsk->mm for kernel
threads and was oopsing.
- Make __sync_task_rss_stat() static, too.
Addresses https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=15648
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: remove the BUG_ON(!mm->rss)]
Reported-by: Troels Liebe Bentsen <tlb@rapanden.dk>
Signed-off-by: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
"Michael S. Tsirkin" <mst@redhat.com>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Minchan Kim <minchan.kim@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
This is left over from commit 7c9414385e ("sched: Remove USER_SCHED"")
Signed-off-by: Li Zefan <lizf@cn.fujitsu.com>
Acked-by: Dhaval Giani <dhaval.giani@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Cc: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
LKML-Reference: <4BA9A05F.7010407@cn.fujitsu.com>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
* 'core-fixes-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/linux-2.6-tip:
locking: Make sparse work with inline spinlocks and rwlocks
x86/mce: Fix RCU lockdep splats
rcu: Increase RCU CPU stall timeouts if PROVE_RCU
ftrace: Replace read_barrier_depends() with rcu_dereference_raw()
rcu: Suppress RCU lockdep warnings during early boot
rcu, ftrace: Fix RCU lockdep splat in ftrace_perf_buf_prepare()
rcu: Suppress __mpol_dup() false positive from RCU lockdep
rcu: Make rcu_read_lock_sched_held() handle !PREEMPT
rcu: Add control variables to lockdep_rcu_dereference() diagnostics
rcu, cgroup: Relax the check in task_subsys_state() as early boot is now handled by lockdep-RCU
rcu: Use wrapper function instead of exporting tasklist_lock
sched, rcu: Fix rcu_dereference() for RCU-lockdep
rcu: Make task_subsys_state() RCU-lockdep checks handle boot-time use
rcu: Fix holdoff for accelerated GPs for last non-dynticked CPU
x86/gart: Unexport gart_iommu_aperture
Fix trivial conflicts in kernel/trace/ftrace.c
kernel/exit.c:1183:26: warning: symbol 'status' shadows an earlier one
kernel/exit.c:1173:21: originally declared here
Signed-off-by: Thiago Farina <tfransosi@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Considering the nature of per mm stats, it's the shared object among
threads and can be a cache-miss point in the page fault path.
This patch adds per-thread cache for mm_counter. RSS value will be
counted into a struct in task_struct and synchronized with mm's one at
events.
Now, in this patch, the event is the number of calls to handle_mm_fault.
Per-thread value is added to mm at each 64 calls.
rough estimation with small benchmark on parallel thread (2threads) shows
[before]
4.5 cache-miss/faults
[after]
4.0 cache-miss/faults
Anyway, the most contended object is mmap_sem if the number of threads grows.
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: coding-style fixes]
Signed-off-by: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Minchan Kim <minchan.kim@gmail.com>
Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Lee Schermerhorn <lee.schermerhorn@hp.com>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Thanks to Roland who pointed out de_thread() issues.
Currently we add sub-threads to ->real_parent->children list. This buys
nothing but slows down do_wait().
With this patch ->children contains only main threads (group leaders).
The only complication is that forget_original_parent() should iterate over
sub-threads by hand, and de_thread() needs another list_replace() when it
changes ->group_leader.
Henceforth do_wait_thread() can never see task_detached() && !EXIT_DEAD
tasks, we can remove this check (and we can unify do_wait_thread() and
ptrace_do_wait()).
This change can confuse the optimistic search in mm_update_next_owner(),
but this is fixable and minor.
Perhaps badness() and oom_kill_process() should be updated, but they
should be fixed in any case.
Signed-off-by: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Cc: Roland McGrath <roland@redhat.com>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Cc: Ratan Nalumasu <rnalumasu@gmail.com>
Cc: Vitaly Mayatskikh <vmayatsk@redhat.com>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Convert locks which cannot be sleeping locks in preempt-rt to
raw_spinlocks.
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Acked-by: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Acked-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
There are two call points, both want to check that tty->signal->leader is
set. Move the test into disassociate_ctty() as that will make locking
changes easier in a bit
Signed-off-by: Alan Cox <alan@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>
* 'for-2.6.33' of git://git.kernel.dk/linux-2.6-block: (113 commits)
cfq-iosched: Do not access cfqq after freeing it
block: include linux/err.h to use ERR_PTR
cfq-iosched: use call_rcu() instead of doing grace period stall on queue exit
blkio: Allow CFQ group IO scheduling even when CFQ is a module
blkio: Implement dynamic io controlling policy registration
blkio: Export some symbols from blkio as its user CFQ can be a module
block: Fix io_context leak after failure of clone with CLONE_IO
block: Fix io_context leak after clone with CLONE_IO
cfq-iosched: make nonrot check logic consistent
io controller: quick fix for blk-cgroup and modular CFQ
cfq-iosched: move IO controller declerations to a header file
cfq-iosched: fix compile problem with !CONFIG_CGROUP
blkio: Documentation
blkio: Wait on sync-noidle queue even if rq_noidle = 1
blkio: Implement group_isolation tunable
blkio: Determine async workload length based on total number of queues
blkio: Wait for cfq queue to get backlogged if group is empty
blkio: Propagate cgroup weight updation to cfq groups
blkio: Drop the reference to queue once the task changes cgroup
blkio: Provide some isolation between groups
...
With CLONE_IO, parent's io_context->nr_tasks is incremented, but never
decremented whenever copy_process() fails afterwards, which prevents
exit_io_context() from calling IO schedulers exit functions.
Give a task_struct to exit_io_context(), and call exit_io_context() instead of
put_io_context() in copy_process() cleanup path.
Signed-off-by: Louis Rilling <louis.rilling@kerlabs.com>
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <jens.axboe@oracle.com>
This is a real fix for problem of utime/stime values decreasing
described in the thread:
http://lkml.org/lkml/2009/11/3/522
Now cputime is accounted in the following way:
- {u,s}time in task_struct are increased every time when the thread
is interrupted by a tick (timer interrupt).
- When a thread exits, its {u,s}time are added to signal->{u,s}time,
after adjusted by task_times().
- When all threads in a thread_group exits, accumulated {u,s}time
(and also c{u,s}time) in signal struct are added to c{u,s}time
in signal struct of the group's parent.
So {u,s}time in task struct are "raw" tick count, while
{u,s}time and c{u,s}time in signal struct are "adjusted" values.
And accounted values are used by:
- task_times(), to get cputime of a thread:
This function returns adjusted values that originates from raw
{u,s}time and scaled by sum_exec_runtime that accounted by CFS.
- thread_group_cputime(), to get cputime of a thread group:
This function returns sum of all {u,s}time of living threads in
the group, plus {u,s}time in the signal struct that is sum of
adjusted cputimes of all exited threads belonged to the group.
The problem is the return value of thread_group_cputime(),
because it is mixed sum of "raw" value and "adjusted" value:
group's {u,s}time = foreach(thread){{u,s}time} + exited({u,s}time)
This misbehavior can break {u,s}time monotonicity.
Assume that if there is a thread that have raw values greater
than adjusted values (e.g. interrupted by 1000Hz ticks 50 times
but only runs 45ms) and if it exits, cputime will decrease (e.g.
-5ms).
To fix this, we could do:
group's {u,s}time = foreach(t){task_times(t)} + exited({u,s}time)
But task_times() contains hard divisions, so applying it for
every thread should be avoided.
This patch fixes the above problem in the following way:
- Modify thread's exit (= __exit_signal()) not to use task_times().
It means {u,s}time in signal struct accumulates raw values instead
of adjusted values. As the result it makes thread_group_cputime()
to return pure sum of "raw" values.
- Introduce a new function thread_group_times(*task, *utime, *stime)
that converts "raw" values of thread_group_cputime() to "adjusted"
values, in same calculation procedure as task_times().
- Modify group's exit (= wait_task_zombie()) to use this introduced
thread_group_times(). It make c{u,s}time in signal struct to
have adjusted values like before this patch.
- Replace some thread_group_cputime() by thread_group_times().
This replacements are only applied where conveys the "adjusted"
cputime to users, and where already uses task_times() near by it.
(i.e. sys_times(), getrusage(), and /proc/<PID>/stat.)
This patch have a positive side effect:
- Before this patch, if a group contains many short-life threads
(e.g. runs 0.9ms and not interrupted by ticks), the group's
cputime could be invisible since thread's cputime was accumulated
after adjusted: imagine adjustment function as adj(ticks, runtime),
{adj(0, 0.9) + adj(0, 0.9) + ....} = {0 + 0 + ....} = 0.
After this patch it will not happen because the adjustment is
applied after accumulated.
v2:
- remove if()s, put new variables into signal_struct.
Signed-off-by: Hidetoshi Seto <seto.hidetoshi@jp.fujitsu.com>
Acked-by: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Spencer Candland <spencer@bluehost.com>
Cc: Americo Wang <xiyou.wangcong@gmail.com>
Cc: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Cc: Balbir Singh <balbir@in.ibm.com>
Cc: Stanislaw Gruszka <sgruszka@redhat.com>
LKML-Reference: <4B162517.8040909@jp.fujitsu.com>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Now all task_{u,s}time() pairs are replaced by task_times().
And task_gtime() is too simple to be an inline function.
Cleanup them all.
Signed-off-by: Hidetoshi Seto <seto.hidetoshi@jp.fujitsu.com>
Acked-by: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Stanislaw Gruszka <sgruszka@redhat.com>
Cc: Spencer Candland <spencer@bluehost.com>
Cc: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Cc: Balbir Singh <balbir@in.ibm.com>
Cc: Americo Wang <xiyou.wangcong@gmail.com>
LKML-Reference: <4B0E16D1.70902@jp.fujitsu.com>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Functions task_{u,s}time() are called in pair in almost all
cases. However task_stime() is implemented to call task_utime()
from its inside, so such paired calls run task_utime() twice.
It means we do heavy divisions (div_u64 + do_div) twice to get
utime and stime which can be obtained at same time by one set
of divisions.
This patch introduces a function task_times(*tsk, *utime,
*stime) to retrieve utime and stime at once in better, optimized
way.
Signed-off-by: Hidetoshi Seto <seto.hidetoshi@jp.fujitsu.com>
Acked-by: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Stanislaw Gruszka <sgruszka@redhat.com>
Cc: Spencer Candland <spencer@bluehost.com>
Cc: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Cc: Balbir Singh <balbir@in.ibm.com>
Cc: Americo Wang <xiyou.wangcong@gmail.com>
LKML-Reference: <4B0E16AE.906@jp.fujitsu.com>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Conflicts:
arch/x86/kernel/kprobes.c
kernel/trace/Makefile
Merge reason: hw-breakpoints perf integration is looking
good in testing and in reviews, plus conflicts
are mounting up - so merge & resolve.
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
This patch rebase the implementation of the breakpoints API on top of
perf events instances.
Each breakpoints are now perf events that handle the
register scheduling, thread/cpu attachment, etc..
The new layering is now made as follows:
ptrace kgdb ftrace perf syscall
\ | / /
\ | / /
/
Core breakpoint API /
/
| /
| /
Breakpoints perf events
|
|
Breakpoints PMU ---- Debug Register constraints handling
(Part of core breakpoint API)
|
|
Hardware debug registers
Reasons of this rewrite:
- Use the centralized/optimized pmu registers scheduling,
implying an easier arch integration
- More powerful register handling: perf attributes (pinned/flexible
events, exclusive/non-exclusive, tunable period, etc...)
Impact:
- New perf ABI: the hardware breakpoints counters
- Ptrace breakpoints setting remains tricky and still needs some per
thread breakpoints references.
Todo (in the order):
- Support breakpoints perf counter events for perf tools (ie: implement
perf_bpcounter_event())
- Support from perf tools
Changes in v2:
- Follow the perf "event " rename
- The ptrace regression have been fixed (ptrace breakpoint perf events
weren't released when a task ended)
- Drop the struct hw_breakpoint and store generic fields in
perf_event_attr.
- Separate core and arch specific headers, drop
asm-generic/hw_breakpoint.h and create linux/hw_breakpoint.h
- Use new generic len/type for breakpoint
- Handle off case: when breakpoints api is not supported by an arch
Changes in v3:
- Fix broken CONFIG_KVM, we need to propagate the breakpoint api
changes to kvm when we exit the guest and restore the bp registers
to the host.
Changes in v4:
- Drop the hw_breakpoint_restore() stub as it is only used by KVM
- EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL hw_breakpoint_restore() as KVM can be built as a
module
- Restore the breakpoints unconditionally on kvm guest exit:
TIF_DEBUG_THREAD doesn't anymore cover every cases of running
breakpoints and vcpu->arch.switch_db_regs might not always be
set when the guest used debug registers.
(Waiting for a reliable optimization)
Changes in v5:
- Split-up the asm-generic/hw-breakpoint.h moving to
linux/hw_breakpoint.h into a separate patch
- Optimize the breakpoints restoring while switching from kvm guest
to host. We only want to restore the state if we have active
breakpoints to the host, otherwise we don't care about messed-up
address registers.
- Add asm/hw_breakpoint.h to Kbuild
- Fix bad breakpoint type in trace_selftest.c
Changes in v6:
- Fix wrong header inclusion in trace.h (triggered a build
error with CONFIG_FTRACE_SELFTEST
Signed-off-by: Frederic Weisbecker <fweisbec@gmail.com>
Cc: Prasad <prasad@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Alan Stern <stern@rowland.harvard.edu>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@redhat.com>
Cc: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Cc: Jan Kiszka <jan.kiszka@web.de>
Cc: Jiri Slaby <jirislaby@gmail.com>
Cc: Li Zefan <lizf@cn.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Avi Kivity <avi@redhat.com>
Cc: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
Cc: Mike Galbraith <efault@gmx.de>
Cc: Masami Hiramatsu <mhiramat@redhat.com>
Cc: Paul Mundt <lethal@linux-sh.org>
Since commit 02b51df1b0 (proc connector: add
event for process becoming session leader) we have the following warning:
Badness at kernel/softirq.c:143
[...]
Krnl PSW : 0404c00180000000 00000000001481d4 (local_bh_enable+0xb0/0xe0)
[...]
Call Trace:
([<000000013fe04100>] 0x13fe04100)
[<000000000048a946>] sk_filter+0x9a/0xd0
[<000000000049d938>] netlink_broadcast+0x2c0/0x53c
[<00000000003ba9ae>] cn_netlink_send+0x272/0x2b0
[<00000000003baef0>] proc_sid_connector+0xc4/0xd4
[<0000000000142604>] __set_special_pids+0x58/0x90
[<0000000000159938>] sys_setsid+0xb4/0xd8
[<00000000001187fe>] sysc_noemu+0x10/0x16
[<00000041616cb266>] 0x41616cb266
The warning is
---> WARN_ON_ONCE(in_irq() || irqs_disabled());
The network code must not be called with disabled interrupts but
sys_setsid holds the tasklist_lock with spinlock_irq while calling the
connector.
After a discussion we agreed that we can move proc_sid_connector from
__set_special_pids to sys_setsid.
We also agreed that it is sufficient to change the check from
task_session(curr) != pid into err > 0, since if we don't change the
session, this means we were already the leader and return -EPERM.
One last thing:
There is also daemonize(), and some people might want to get a
notification in that case. Since daemonize() is only needed if a user
space does kernel_thread this does not look important (and there seems
to be no consensus if this connector should be called in daemonize). If
we really want this, we can add proc_sid_connector to daemonize() in an
additional patch (Scott?)
Signed-off-by: Christian Borntraeger <borntraeger@de.ibm.com>
Cc: Scott James Remnant <scott@ubuntu.com>
Cc: Matt Helsley <matthltc@us.ibm.com>
Cc: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Acked-by: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Evgeniy Polyakov <zbr@ioremap.net>
Acked-by: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* 'core-fixes-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/linux-2.6-tip:
futex: fix requeue_pi key imbalance
futex: Fix typo in FUTEX_WAIT/WAKE_BITSET_PRIVATE definitions
rcu: Place root rcu_node structure in separate lockdep class
rcu: Make hot-unplugged CPU relinquish its own RCU callbacks
rcu: Move rcu_barrier() to rcutree
futex: Move exit_pi_state() call to release_mm()
futex: Nullify robust lists after cleanup
futex: Fix locking imbalance
panic: Fix panic message visibility by calling bust_spinlocks(0) before dying
rcu: Replace the rcu_barrier enum with pointer to call_rcu*() function
rcu: Clean up code based on review feedback from Josh Triplett, part 4
rcu: Clean up code based on review feedback from Josh Triplett, part 3
rcu: Fix rcu_lock_map build failure on CONFIG_PROVE_LOCKING=y
rcu: Clean up code to address Ingo's checkpatch feedback
rcu: Clean up code based on review feedback from Josh Triplett, part 2
rcu: Clean up code based on review feedback from Josh Triplett
exit_pi_state() is called from do_exit() but not from do_execve().
Move it to release_mm() so it gets called from do_execve() as well.
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
LKML-Reference: <new-submission>
Cc: stable@kernel.org
Cc: Anirban Sinha <ani@anirban.org>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Because the binfmt is not different between threads in the same process,
it can be moved from task_struct to mm_struct. And binfmt moudle is
handled per mm_struct instead of task_struct.
Signed-off-by: Hiroshi Shimamoto <h-shimamoto@ct.jp.nec.com>
Acked-by: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Cc: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
Acked-by: Roland McGrath <roland@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Current behaviour of sys_waitid() looks odd. If user passes infop ==
NULL, sys_waitid() returns success. When user additionally specifies flag
WNOWAIT, sys_waitid() returns -EFAULT on the same conditions. When user
combines WNOWAIT with WCONTINUED, sys_waitid() again returns success.
This patch adds check for ->wo_info in wait_noreap_copyout().
User-visible change: starting from this commit, sys_waitid() always checks
infop != NULL and does not fail if it is NULL.
Signed-off-by: Vitaly Mayatskikh <v.mayatskih@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Cc: Roland McGrath <roland@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
do_wait() checks ->wo_info to figure out who is the caller. If it's not
NULL the caller should be sys_waitid(), in that case do_wait() fixes up
the retval or zeros ->wo_info, depending on retval from underlying
function.
This is bug: user can pass ->wo_info == NULL and sys_waitid() will return
incorrect value.
man 2 waitid says:
waitid(): returns 0 on success
Test-case:
int main(void)
{
if (fork())
assert(waitid(P_ALL, 0, NULL, WEXITED) == 0);
return 0;
}
Result:
Assertion `waitid(P_ALL, 0, ((void *)0), 4) == 0' failed.
Move that code to sys_waitid().
User-visible change: sys_waitid() will return 0 on success, either
infop is set or not.
Note, there's another bug in wait_noreap_copyout() which affects
return value of sys_waitid(). It will be fixed in next patch.
Signed-off-by: Vitaly Mayatskikh <v.mayatskih@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Cc: Roland McGrath <roland@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
task_pid_type() is only used by eligible_pid() which has to check wo_type
!= PIDTYPE_MAX anyway. Remove this check from task_pid_type() and factor
out ->pids[type] access, this shrinks .text a bit and simplifies the code.
The matches the behaviour of other similar helpers, say get_task_pid().
The caller must ensure that pid_type is valid, not the callee.
Signed-off-by: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Cc: Roland McGrath <roland@redhat.com>
Cc: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
child_wait_callback()->eligible_child() is not right, we can miss the
wakeup if the task was detached before __wake_up_parent() and the caller
of do_wait() didn't use __WALL.
Move ->wo_pid checks from eligible_child() to the new helper,
eligible_pid(), and change child_wait_callback() to use it instead of
eligible_child().
Note: actually I think it would be better to fix the __WCLONE check in
eligible_child(), it doesn't look exactly right. But it is not clear what
is the supposed behaviour, and any change is user-visible.
Reported-by: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Tested-by: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Signed-off-by: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Cc: Roland McGrath <roland@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Lennart Poettering