Many source files in the tree are missing licensing information, which
makes it harder for compliance tools to determine the correct license.
By default all files without license information are under the default
license of the kernel, which is GPL version 2.
Update the files which contain no license information with the 'GPL-2.0'
SPDX license identifier. The SPDX identifier is a legally binding
shorthand, which can be used instead of the full boiler plate text.
This patch is based on work done by Thomas Gleixner and Kate Stewart and
Philippe Ombredanne.
How this work was done:
Patches were generated and checked against linux-4.14-rc6 for a subset of
the use cases:
- file had no licensing information it it.
- file was a */uapi/* one with no licensing information in it,
- file was a */uapi/* one with existing licensing information,
Further patches will be generated in subsequent months to fix up cases
where non-standard license headers were used, and references to license
had to be inferred by heuristics based on keywords.
The analysis to determine which SPDX License Identifier to be applied to
a file was done in a spreadsheet of side by side results from of the
output of two independent scanners (ScanCode & Windriver) producing SPDX
tag:value files created by Philippe Ombredanne. Philippe prepared the
base worksheet, and did an initial spot review of a few 1000 files.
The 4.13 kernel was the starting point of the analysis with 60,537 files
assessed. Kate Stewart did a file by file comparison of the scanner
results in the spreadsheet to determine which SPDX license identifier(s)
to be applied to the file. She confirmed any determination that was not
immediately clear with lawyers working with the Linux Foundation.
Criteria used to select files for SPDX license identifier tagging was:
- Files considered eligible had to be source code files.
- Make and config files were included as candidates if they contained >5
lines of source
- File already had some variant of a license header in it (even if <5
lines).
All documentation files were explicitly excluded.
The following heuristics were used to determine which SPDX license
identifiers to apply.
- when both scanners couldn't find any license traces, file was
considered to have no license information in it, and the top level
COPYING file license applied.
For non */uapi/* files that summary was:
SPDX license identifier # files
---------------------------------------------------|-------
GPL-2.0 11139
and resulted in the first patch in this series.
If that file was a */uapi/* path one, it was "GPL-2.0 WITH
Linux-syscall-note" otherwise it was "GPL-2.0". Results of that was:
SPDX license identifier # files
---------------------------------------------------|-------
GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note 930
and resulted in the second patch in this series.
- if a file had some form of licensing information in it, and was one
of the */uapi/* ones, it was denoted with the Linux-syscall-note if
any GPL family license was found in the file or had no licensing in
it (per prior point). Results summary:
SPDX license identifier # files
---------------------------------------------------|------
GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note 270
GPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 169
((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-2-Clause) 21
((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-3-Clause) 17
LGPL-2.1+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 15
GPL-1.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 14
((GPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-3-Clause) 5
LGPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 4
LGPL-2.1 WITH Linux-syscall-note 3
((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR MIT) 3
((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) AND MIT) 1
and that resulted in the third patch in this series.
- when the two scanners agreed on the detected license(s), that became
the concluded license(s).
- when there was disagreement between the two scanners (one detected a
license but the other didn't, or they both detected different
licenses) a manual inspection of the file occurred.
- In most cases a manual inspection of the information in the file
resulted in a clear resolution of the license that should apply (and
which scanner probably needed to revisit its heuristics).
- When it was not immediately clear, the license identifier was
confirmed with lawyers working with the Linux Foundation.
- If there was any question as to the appropriate license identifier,
the file was flagged for further research and to be revisited later
in time.
In total, over 70 hours of logged manual review was done on the
spreadsheet to determine the SPDX license identifiers to apply to the
source files by Kate, Philippe, Thomas and, in some cases, confirmation
by lawyers working with the Linux Foundation.
Kate also obtained a third independent scan of the 4.13 code base from
FOSSology, and compared selected files where the other two scanners
disagreed against that SPDX file, to see if there was new insights. The
Windriver scanner is based on an older version of FOSSology in part, so
they are related.
Thomas did random spot checks in about 500 files from the spreadsheets
for the uapi headers and agreed with SPDX license identifier in the
files he inspected. For the non-uapi files Thomas did random spot checks
in about 15000 files.
In initial set of patches against 4.14-rc6, 3 files were found to have
copy/paste license identifier errors, and have been fixed to reflect the
correct identifier.
Additionally Philippe spent 10 hours this week doing a detailed manual
inspection and review of the 12,461 patched files from the initial patch
version early this week with:
- a full scancode scan run, collecting the matched texts, detected
license ids and scores
- reviewing anything where there was a license detected (about 500+
files) to ensure that the applied SPDX license was correct
- reviewing anything where there was no detection but the patch license
was not GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note to ensure that the applied
SPDX license was correct
This produced a worksheet with 20 files needing minor correction. This
worksheet was then exported into 3 different .csv files for the
different types of files to be modified.
These .csv files were then reviewed by Greg. Thomas wrote a script to
parse the csv files and add the proper SPDX tag to the file, in the
format that the file expected. This script was further refined by Greg
based on the output to detect more types of files automatically and to
distinguish between header and source .c files (which need different
comment types.) Finally Greg ran the script using the .csv files to
generate the patches.
Reviewed-by: Kate Stewart <kstewart@linuxfoundation.org>
Reviewed-by: Philippe Ombredanne <pombredanne@nexb.com>
Reviewed-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
Patch series "improvements to the nmi_backtrace code" v9.
This patch series modifies the trigger_xxx_backtrace() NMI-based remote
backtracing code to make it more flexible, and makes a few small
improvements along the way.
The motivation comes from the task isolation code, where there are
scenarios where we want to be able to diagnose a case where some cpu is
about to interrupt a task-isolated cpu. It can be helpful to see both
where the interrupting cpu is, and also an approximation of where the
cpu that is being interrupted is. The nmi_backtrace framework allows us
to discover the stack of the interrupted cpu.
I've tested that the change works as desired on tile, and build-tested
x86, arm, mips, and sparc64. For x86 I confirmed that the generic
cpuidle stuff as well as the architecture-specific routines are in the
new cpuidle section. For arm, mips, and sparc I just build-tested it
and made sure the generic cpuidle routines were in the new cpuidle
section, but I didn't attempt to figure out which the platform-specific
idle routines might be. That might be more usefully done by someone
with platform experience in follow-up patches.
This patch (of 4):
Currently you can only request a backtrace of either all cpus, or all
cpus but yourself. It can also be helpful to request a remote backtrace
of a single cpu, and since we want that, the logical extension is to
support a cpumask as the underlying primitive.
This change modifies the existing lib/nmi_backtrace.c code to take a
cpumask as its basic primitive, and modifies the linux/nmi.h code to use
the new "cpumask" method instead.
The existing clients of nmi_backtrace (arm and x86) are converted to
using the new cpumask approach in this change.
The other users of the backtracing API (sparc64 and mips) are converted
to use the cpumask approach rather than the all/allbutself approach.
The mips code ignored the "include_self" boolean but with this change it
will now also dump a local backtrace if requested.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1472487169-14923-2-git-send-email-cmetcalf@mellanox.com
Signed-off-by: Chris Metcalf <cmetcalf@mellanox.com>
Tested-by: Daniel Thompson <daniel.thompson@linaro.org> [arm]
Reviewed-by: Aaron Tomlin <atomlin@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Petr Mladek <pmladek@suse.com>
Cc: "Rafael J. Wysocki" <rjw@rjwysocki.net>
Cc: Russell King <linux@arm.linux.org.uk>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Cc: Ralf Baechle <ralf@linux-mips.org>
Cc: David Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
This patch attempts to do a few things. The highlights are: 1) enable
SPARSE_IRQ unconditionally, 2) kills off !SPARSE_IRQ code 3) allocates
ivector_table at boot time and 4) default to cookie only VIRQ mechanism
for supported firmware. The first firmware with cookie only support for
me appears on T5. You can optionally force the HV firmware to not cookie
only mode which is the sysino support.
The sysino is a deprecated HV mechanism according to the most recent
SPARC Virtual Machine Specification. HV_GRP_INTR is what controls the
cookie/sysino firmware versioning.
The history of this interface is:
1) Major version 1.0 only supported sysino based interrupt interfaces.
2) Major version 2.0 added cookie based VIRQs, however due to the fact
that OSs were using the VIRQs without negoatiating major version
2.0 (Linux and Solaris are both guilty), the VIRQs calls were
allowed even with major version 1.0
To complicate things even further, the VIRQ interfaces were only
actually hooked up in the hypervisor for LDC interrupt sources.
VIRQ calls on other device types would result in HV_EINVAL errors.
So effectively, major version 2.0 is unusable.
3) Major version 3.0 was created to signal use of VIRQs and the fact
that the hypervisor has these calls hooked up for all interrupt
sources, not just those for LDC devices.
A new boot option is provided should cookie only HV support have issues.
hvirq - this is the version for HV_GRP_INTR. This is related to HV API
versioning. The code attempts major=3 first by default. The option can
be used to override this default.
I've tested with SPARSE_IRQ on T5-8, M7-4 and T4-X and Jalap?no.
Signed-off-by: Bob Picco <bob.picco@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Sometimes it is preferred not to use the trigger_all_cpu_backtrace()
routine when one wants to avoid capturing a back trace for current. For
instance if one was previously captured recently.
This patch provides a new routine namely
trigger_allbutself_cpu_backtrace() which offers the flexibility to issue
an NMI to every cpu but current and capture a back trace accordingly.
Patch x86 and sparc to support new routine.
[dzickus@redhat.com: add stub in #else clause]
[dzickus@redhat.com: don't print message in single processor case, wrap with get/put_cpu based on Oleg's suggestion]
[sfr@canb.auug.org.au: undo C99ism]
Signed-off-by: Aaron Tomlin <atomlin@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Don Zickus <dzickus@redhat.com>
Acked-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Cc: Mateusz Guzik <mguzik@redhat.com>
Cc: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Stephen Rothwell <sfr@canb.auug.org.au>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Drop extern for all prototypes and adjust alignment of parameters
as required after the removal.
In a few rare cases adjust linelength to conform to maximum 80 chars,
and likewise in a few rare cases adjust alignment of parameters
to static functions.
Signed-off-by: Sam Ravnborg <sam@ravnborg.org>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
ARCH_HAS_NMI_WATCHDOG is a macro defined by arch, but config
HARDLOCKUP_DETECTOR depends on it. This is wrong, ARCH_HAS_NMI_WATCHDOG
has to be a Kconfig config, and arch's need it should select it
explicitly.
Signed-off-by: WANG Cong <xiyou.wangcong@gmail.com>
Acked-by: Don Zickus <dzickus@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Mike Frysinger <vapier@gentoo.org>
Cc: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Cc: David Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
The generic irq support uses the term 'irq' for the
allocated irq number.
Fix it so sparc64 use the same term for an irq as the
generic irq support does.
For a naive reader this is less confusing.
Signed-off-by: Sam Ravnborg <sam@ravnborg.org>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
As Andrew noted, my previous patch ("debug lockups: Improve lockup
detection") broke/removed SysRq-L support from architecture that do
not provide a __trigger_all_cpu_backtrace implementation.
Restore a fallback path and clean up the SysRq-L machinery a bit:
- Rename the arch method to arch_trigger_all_cpu_backtrace()
- Simplify the define
- Document the method a bit - in the hope of more architectures
adding support for it.
[ The patch touches Sparc code for the rename. ]
Cc: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: "David S. Miller" <davem@davemloft.net>
LKML-Reference: <20090802140809.7ec4bb6b.akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
The individual SBUS IOMMU arch code now sets the IOMMU information
directly into the OF device objects.
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
The majority of this patch was created by the following script:
***
ASM=arch/sparc/include/asm
mkdir -p $ASM
git mv include/asm-sparc64/ftrace.h $ASM
git rm include/asm-sparc64/*
git mv include/asm-sparc/* $ASM
sed -ie 's/asm-sparc64/asm/g' $ASM/*
sed -ie 's/asm-sparc/asm/g' $ASM/*
***
The rest was an update of the top-level Makefile to use sparc
for header files when sparc64 is being build.
And a small fixlet to pick up the correct unistd.h from
sparc64 code.
Signed-off-by: Sam Ravnborg <sam@ravnborg.org>
Greg Kroah-Hartman