Many source files in the tree are missing licensing information, which
makes it harder for compliance tools to determine the correct license.
By default all files without license information are under the default
license of the kernel, which is GPL version 2.
Update the files which contain no license information with the 'GPL-2.0'
SPDX license identifier. The SPDX identifier is a legally binding
shorthand, which can be used instead of the full boiler plate text.
This patch is based on work done by Thomas Gleixner and Kate Stewart and
Philippe Ombredanne.
How this work was done:
Patches were generated and checked against linux-4.14-rc6 for a subset of
the use cases:
- file had no licensing information it it.
- file was a */uapi/* one with no licensing information in it,
- file was a */uapi/* one with existing licensing information,
Further patches will be generated in subsequent months to fix up cases
where non-standard license headers were used, and references to license
had to be inferred by heuristics based on keywords.
The analysis to determine which SPDX License Identifier to be applied to
a file was done in a spreadsheet of side by side results from of the
output of two independent scanners (ScanCode & Windriver) producing SPDX
tag:value files created by Philippe Ombredanne. Philippe prepared the
base worksheet, and did an initial spot review of a few 1000 files.
The 4.13 kernel was the starting point of the analysis with 60,537 files
assessed. Kate Stewart did a file by file comparison of the scanner
results in the spreadsheet to determine which SPDX license identifier(s)
to be applied to the file. She confirmed any determination that was not
immediately clear with lawyers working with the Linux Foundation.
Criteria used to select files for SPDX license identifier tagging was:
- Files considered eligible had to be source code files.
- Make and config files were included as candidates if they contained >5
lines of source
- File already had some variant of a license header in it (even if <5
lines).
All documentation files were explicitly excluded.
The following heuristics were used to determine which SPDX license
identifiers to apply.
- when both scanners couldn't find any license traces, file was
considered to have no license information in it, and the top level
COPYING file license applied.
For non */uapi/* files that summary was:
SPDX license identifier # files
---------------------------------------------------|-------
GPL-2.0 11139
and resulted in the first patch in this series.
If that file was a */uapi/* path one, it was "GPL-2.0 WITH
Linux-syscall-note" otherwise it was "GPL-2.0". Results of that was:
SPDX license identifier # files
---------------------------------------------------|-------
GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note 930
and resulted in the second patch in this series.
- if a file had some form of licensing information in it, and was one
of the */uapi/* ones, it was denoted with the Linux-syscall-note if
any GPL family license was found in the file or had no licensing in
it (per prior point). Results summary:
SPDX license identifier # files
---------------------------------------------------|------
GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note 270
GPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 169
((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-2-Clause) 21
((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-3-Clause) 17
LGPL-2.1+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 15
GPL-1.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 14
((GPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-3-Clause) 5
LGPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 4
LGPL-2.1 WITH Linux-syscall-note 3
((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR MIT) 3
((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) AND MIT) 1
and that resulted in the third patch in this series.
- when the two scanners agreed on the detected license(s), that became
the concluded license(s).
- when there was disagreement between the two scanners (one detected a
license but the other didn't, or they both detected different
licenses) a manual inspection of the file occurred.
- In most cases a manual inspection of the information in the file
resulted in a clear resolution of the license that should apply (and
which scanner probably needed to revisit its heuristics).
- When it was not immediately clear, the license identifier was
confirmed with lawyers working with the Linux Foundation.
- If there was any question as to the appropriate license identifier,
the file was flagged for further research and to be revisited later
in time.
In total, over 70 hours of logged manual review was done on the
spreadsheet to determine the SPDX license identifiers to apply to the
source files by Kate, Philippe, Thomas and, in some cases, confirmation
by lawyers working with the Linux Foundation.
Kate also obtained a third independent scan of the 4.13 code base from
FOSSology, and compared selected files where the other two scanners
disagreed against that SPDX file, to see if there was new insights. The
Windriver scanner is based on an older version of FOSSology in part, so
they are related.
Thomas did random spot checks in about 500 files from the spreadsheets
for the uapi headers and agreed with SPDX license identifier in the
files he inspected. For the non-uapi files Thomas did random spot checks
in about 15000 files.
In initial set of patches against 4.14-rc6, 3 files were found to have
copy/paste license identifier errors, and have been fixed to reflect the
correct identifier.
Additionally Philippe spent 10 hours this week doing a detailed manual
inspection and review of the 12,461 patched files from the initial patch
version early this week with:
- a full scancode scan run, collecting the matched texts, detected
license ids and scores
- reviewing anything where there was a license detected (about 500+
files) to ensure that the applied SPDX license was correct
- reviewing anything where there was no detection but the patch license
was not GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note to ensure that the applied
SPDX license was correct
This produced a worksheet with 20 files needing minor correction. This
worksheet was then exported into 3 different .csv files for the
different types of files to be modified.
These .csv files were then reviewed by Greg. Thomas wrote a script to
parse the csv files and add the proper SPDX tag to the file, in the
format that the file expected. This script was further refined by Greg
based on the output to detect more types of files automatically and to
distinguish between header and source .c files (which need different
comment types.) Finally Greg ran the script using the .csv files to
generate the patches.
Reviewed-by: Kate Stewart <kstewart@linuxfoundation.org>
Reviewed-by: Philippe Ombredanne <pombredanne@nexb.com>
Reviewed-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
This typo is quite common. Fix it and add it to the spelling file so
that checkpatch catches it earlier.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170317011131.6881-2-sboyd@codeaurora.org
Signed-off-by: Stephen Boyd <sboyd@codeaurora.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Dumping registers from other sleeping tasks in KGDB was totally
failing for me. All registers were reported as 0 in many cases.
The code was using task_pt_regs(task) to try to get other thread
registers. This doesn't appear to be the right place to look. From
my tests, I saw non-zero values in this structure when we were looking
at a kernel thread that had a userspace task associated with it, but
it contained the register values from the userspace task. So even in
the cases where registers weren't reported as 0 we were still not
showing the right thing.
Instead of using task_pt_regs(task) let's use task_thread_info(task).
This is the same place that is referred to when doing a dump of all
sleeping task stacks (kdb_show_stack() -> show_stack() ->
dump_backtrace() -> unwind_backtrace() -> thread_saved_sp()).
As further evidence that this is the right thing to do, you can find
the following comment in "gdbstub.c" right before it calls
sleeping_thread_to_gdb_regs():
Pull stuff saved during switch_to; nothing else is accessible (or
even particularly relevant). This should be enough for a stack
trace.
...and if you look at switch_to() it only saves r4-r11, sp and lr.
Those are the same registers that I'm getting out of the
task_thread_info().
With this change you can use "info thread" to see all tasks in the
kernel and you can switch to other tasks and examine them in gdb.
Signed-off-by: Doug Anderson <dianders@chromium.org>
Tested-by: Stephen Boyd <sboyd@codeurora.org>
Signed-off-by: Russell King <rmk+kernel@arm.linux.org.uk>
In (23a4e40 arm: kgdb: Handle read-only text / modules) we moved to
using patch_text() to set breakpoints so that we could handle the case
when we had CONFIG_DEBUG_RODATA. That patch used patch_text().
Unfortunately, patch_text() assumes that we're not in atomic context
when it runs since it needs to grab a mutex and also wait for other
CPUs to stop (which it does with a completion).
This would result in a stack crawl if you had
CONFIG_DEBUG_ATOMIC_SLEEP and tried to set a breakpoint in kgdb. The
crawl looked something like:
BUG: scheduling while atomic: swapper/0/0/0x00010007
CPU: 0 PID: 0 Comm: swapper/0 Not tainted 4.2.0-rc7-00133-geb63b34 #1073
Hardware name: Rockchip (Device Tree)
(unwind_backtrace) from [<c00133d4>] (show_stack+0x20/0x24)
(show_stack) from [<c05400e8>] (dump_stack+0x84/0xb8)
(dump_stack) from [<c004913c>] (__schedule_bug+0x54/0x6c)
(__schedule_bug) from [<c054065c>] (__schedule+0x80/0x668)
(__schedule) from [<c0540cfc>] (schedule+0xb8/0xd4)
(schedule) from [<c0543a3c>] (schedule_timeout+0x2c/0x234)
(schedule_timeout) from [<c05417c0>] (wait_for_common+0xf4/0x188)
(wait_for_common) from [<c0541874>] (wait_for_completion+0x20/0x24)
(wait_for_completion) from [<c00a0104>] (__stop_cpus+0x58/0x70)
(__stop_cpus) from [<c00a0580>] (stop_cpus+0x3c/0x54)
(stop_cpus) from [<c00a06c4>] (__stop_machine+0xcc/0xe8)
(__stop_machine) from [<c00a0714>] (stop_machine+0x34/0x44)
(stop_machine) from [<c00173e8>] (patch_text+0x28/0x34)
(patch_text) from [<c001733c>] (kgdb_arch_set_breakpoint+0x40/0x4c)
(kgdb_arch_set_breakpoint) from [<c00a0d68>] (kgdb_validate_break_address+0x2c/0x60)
(kgdb_validate_break_address) from [<c00a0e90>] (dbg_set_sw_break+0x1c/0xdc)
(dbg_set_sw_break) from [<c00a2e88>] (gdb_serial_stub+0x9c4/0xba4)
(gdb_serial_stub) from [<c00a11cc>] (kgdb_cpu_enter+0x1f8/0x60c)
(kgdb_cpu_enter) from [<c00a18cc>] (kgdb_handle_exception+0x19c/0x1d0)
(kgdb_handle_exception) from [<c0016f7c>] (kgdb_compiled_brk_fn+0x30/0x3c)
(kgdb_compiled_brk_fn) from [<c00091a4>] (do_undefinstr+0x1a4/0x20c)
(do_undefinstr) from [<c001400c>] (__und_svc_finish+0x0/0x34)
It turns out that when we're in kgdb all the CPUs are stopped anyway
so there's no reason we should be calling patch_text(). We can
instead directly call __patch_text() which assumes that CPUs have
already been stopped.
Fixes: 23a4e4050b ("arm: kgdb: Handle read-only text / modules")
Reported-by: Aapo Vienamo <avienamo@nvidia.com>
Signed-off-by: Douglas Anderson <dianders@chromium.org>
Reviewed-by: Stephen Boyd <sboyd@codeaurora.org>
Acked-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Signed-off-by: Russell King <rmk+kernel@arm.linux.org.uk>
Handle the case where someone has set the text segment of the kernel
as read-only by using the newly introduced "patch" mechanism.
Signed-off-by: Doug Anderson <dianders@chromium.org>
[kees: switched structure size check to BUILD_BUG_ON (sboyd)]
Signed-off-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Acked-by: Nicolas Pitre <nico@linaro.org>
The kgdb breakpoint hooks (kgdb_brk_fn and kgdb_compiled_brk_fn)
should only be entered when a kgdb break instruction is executed
from the kernel. Otherwise, if kgdb is enabled, a userspace program
can cause the kernel to drop into the debugger by executing either
KGDB_BREAKINST or KGDB_COMPILED_BREAK.
Acked-by: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Omar Sandoval <osandov@osandov.com>
Signed-off-by: Russell King <rmk+kernel@arm.linux.org.uk>
DBG_MAX_REG_NUM incorrectly had the number of indices in the GDB regs
array rather than the number of registers, leading to an oops when the
"rd" command is used in KDB.
Cc: stable@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Rabin Vincent <rabin@rab.in>
Signed-off-by: Jason Wessel <jason.wessel@windriver.com>
According to commit 22eeef4bb2
kgdb,arm: Individual register get/set for arm
It's now replaced by DBG_MAX_REG_NUM.
Cc: Jason Wessel <jason.wessel@windriver.com>
Signed-off-by: Eric Miao <eric.y.miao@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Russell King <rmk+kernel@arm.linux.org.uk>
Now that ARM implements the notify die handlers, add the ability for
the kernel debugger to receive the notifications.
Signed-off-by: Jason Wessel <jason.wessel@windriver.com>
CC: Russell King <linux@arm.linux.org.uk>
CC: linux-arm-kernel@lists.infradead.org
Implement the ability to individually get and set registers for kdb
and kgdb for arm.
Signed-off-by: Jason Wessel <jason.wessel@windriver.com>
CC: Russell King <linux@arm.linux.org.uk>
CC: linux-arm-kernel@lists.infradead.org
These are the minimum changes to the kgdb core in order to enable an
API to connect a new front end (kdb) to the debug core.
This patch introduces the dbg_kdb_mode variable controls where the
user level I/O is routed. It will be routed to the gdbstub (kgdb) or
to the kdb front end which is a simple shell available over the kgdboc
connection.
You can switch back and forth between kdb or the gdb stub mode of
operation dynamically. From gdb stub mode you can blindly type
"$3#33", or from the kdb mode you can enter "kgdb" to switch to the
gdb stub.
The logic in the debug core depends on kdb to look for the typical gdb
connection sequences and return immediately with KGDB_PASS_EVENT if a
gdb serial command sequence is detected. That should allow a
reasonably seamless transition between kdb -> gdb without leaving the
kernel exception state. The two gdb serial queries that kdb is
responsible for detecting are the "?" and "qSupported" packets.
CC: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Signed-off-by: Jason Wessel <jason.wessel@windriver.com>
Acked-by: Martin Hicks <mort@sgi.com>
To support SMP platforms, KGDB requires the architecture backend to
implement the kgdb_roundup_cpus function.
This patch, taken against 2.6.33, implements the function for ARM based
on the MIPS port.
Cc: Jason Wessel <jason.wessel@windriver.com>
Cc: Jean-Michel Hautbois <jhautbois@gmail.com>
Cc: KGDB Mailing List <kgdb-bugreport@lists.sourceforge.net>
Signed-off-by: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Russell King <rmk+kernel@arm.linux.org.uk>
On the x86 arch, user space single step exceptions should be ignored
if they occur in the kernel space, such as ptrace stepping through a
system call.
First check if it is kgdb that is executing a single step, then ensure
it is not an accidental traversal into the user space, while in kgdb,
any other time the TIF_SINGLESTEP is set, kgdb should ignore the
exception.
On x86, arm, mips and powerpc, the kgdb_contthread usage was
inconsistent with the way single stepping is implemented in the kgdb
core. The arch specific stub should always set the
kgdb_cpu_doing_single_step correctly if it is single stepping. This
allows kgdb to correctly process an instruction steps if ptrace
happens to be requesting an instruction step over a system call.
Signed-off-by: Jason Wessel <jason.wessel@windriver.com>
This patch adds the ARCH=arm specific a kgdb backend, originally
written by Deepak Saxena <dsaxena@plexity.net> and George Davis
<gdavis@mvista.com>. Geoff Levand <geoffrey.levand@am.sony.com>,
Nicolas Pitre, Manish Lachwani, and Jason Wessel have contributed
various fixups here as well.
The KGDB patch makes one change to the core ARM architecture such that
the traps are initialized early for use with the debugger or other
subsystems.
[ mingo@elte.hu: small cleanups. ]
[ ben-linux@fluff.org: fixed early_trap_init ]
Signed-off-by: Jason Wessel <jason.wessel@windriver.com>
Acked-by: Deepak Saxena <dsaxena@plexity.net>
Greg Kroah-Hartman