If an attacker can cause a controlled kernel stack overflow, overwriting
the restart block is a very juicy exploit target. This is because the
restart_block is held in the same memory allocation as the kernel stack.
Moving the restart block to struct task_struct prevents this exploit by
making the restart_block harder to locate.
Note that there are other fields in thread_info that are also easy
targets, at least on some architectures.
It's also a decent simplification, since the restart code is more or less
identical on all architectures.
[james.hogan@imgtec.com: metag: align thread_info::supervisor_stack]
Signed-off-by: Andy Lutomirski <luto@amacapital.net>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Cc: "H. Peter Anvin" <hpa@zytor.com>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Cc: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Cc: David Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Acked-by: Richard Weinberger <richard@nod.at>
Cc: Richard Henderson <rth@twiddle.net>
Cc: Ivan Kokshaysky <ink@jurassic.park.msu.ru>
Cc: Matt Turner <mattst88@gmail.com>
Cc: Vineet Gupta <vgupta@synopsys.com>
Cc: Russell King <rmk@arm.linux.org.uk>
Cc: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Cc: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
Cc: Haavard Skinnemoen <hskinnemoen@gmail.com>
Cc: Hans-Christian Egtvedt <egtvedt@samfundet.no>
Cc: Steven Miao <realmz6@gmail.com>
Cc: Mark Salter <msalter@redhat.com>
Cc: Aurelien Jacquiot <a-jacquiot@ti.com>
Cc: Mikael Starvik <starvik@axis.com>
Cc: Jesper Nilsson <jesper.nilsson@axis.com>
Cc: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Cc: Richard Kuo <rkuo@codeaurora.org>
Cc: "Luck, Tony" <tony.luck@intel.com>
Cc: Geert Uytterhoeven <geert@linux-m68k.org>
Cc: Michal Simek <monstr@monstr.eu>
Cc: Ralf Baechle <ralf@linux-mips.org>
Cc: Jonas Bonn <jonas@southpole.se>
Cc: "James E.J. Bottomley" <jejb@parisc-linux.org>
Cc: Helge Deller <deller@gmx.de>
Cc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
Cc: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
Acked-by: Michael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au> (powerpc)
Tested-by: Michael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au> (powerpc)
Cc: Martin Schwidefsky <schwidefsky@de.ibm.com>
Cc: Heiko Carstens <heiko.carstens@de.ibm.com>
Cc: Chen Liqin <liqin.linux@gmail.com>
Cc: Lennox Wu <lennox.wu@gmail.com>
Cc: Chris Metcalf <cmetcalf@ezchip.com>
Cc: Guan Xuetao <gxt@mprc.pku.edu.cn>
Cc: Chris Zankel <chris@zankel.net>
Cc: Max Filippov <jcmvbkbc@gmail.com>
Cc: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Cc: Guenter Roeck <linux@roeck-us.net>
Signed-off-by: James Hogan <james.hogan@imgtec.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
hexagon:defconfig fails to build in linux-next since commit 332fd7c4fe
("genirq: Generic chip: Change irq_reg_{readl,writel} arguments").
The primary build failure is
arch/hexagon/include/asm/cacheflush.h: In function 'copy_to_user_page':
arch/hexagon/include/asm/cacheflush.h:89:22: error: 'VM_EXEC' undeclared
This is the result of including of <linux/io.h> from <linux/irq.h>,
which is now necessary due to the use of readl and writel from irq.h.
This causes recursive inclusions in hexagon code; cacheflush.h is included
from mm.h prior to the definition of VM_EXEC.
Fix the problem by moving copy_to_user_page from the hexagon include file to
arch/hexagon/mm/cache.c, similar to other architectures. After this change,
several redefinitions of readl and writel are reported. Those are caused
by recursive inclusions of io.h and asm/cacheflush.h. Fix those problems by
reducing the number of files included from those files. Also, it was necessary
to stop including asm-generic/cacheflush.h from asm/cacheflush.h. Instead,
functionality originally provided by asm-generic/cacheflush.h is now coded
in asm/cacheflush.h directly.
Cc: Kevin Cernekee <cernekee@gmail.com>
Cc: Jason Cooper <jason@lakedaemon.net>
Signed-off-by: Guenter Roeck <linux@roeck-us.net>
signed-off-by: Richard Kuo <rkuo@codeaurora.org>
Use the more generic functions get_signal() signal_setup_done()
for signal delivery.
Acked-by: Richard Kuo <rkuo@codeaurora.org>
Signed-off-by: Richard Weinberger <richard@nod.at>
Commit 9a46ad6d6d "smp: make smp_call_function_many() use logic
similar to smp_call_function_single()" has unified the way to handle
single and multiple cross-CPU function calls. Now only one intterupt
is needed for architecture specific code to support generic SMP function
call interfaces, so kill the redundant single function call interrupt.
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Shaohua Li <shli@kernel.org>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Cc: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Cc: Jiri Kosina <trivial@kernel.org>
Cc: Richard Kuo <rkuo@codeaurora.org>
Cc: linux-hexagon@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Jiang Liu <liuj97@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Richard Kuo <rkuo@codeaurora.org>
Need export all related functions and symbols for various modules with
allmodconfig. The related errors:
MODPOST 2879 modules
ERROR: "__vmyield" [sound/sound_firmware.ko] undefined!
ERROR: "__phys_offset" [sound/drivers/snd-dummy.ko] undefined!
ERROR: "ioremap_nocache" [drivers/char/ipmi/ipmi_si.ko] undefined!
ERROR: "__iounmap" [drivers/char/ipmi/ipmi_si.ko] undefined!
...
For including files, need "linux/*" first, then "asm/*". All related
included files and symbols need be sorted by alphabetical order.
Signed-off-by: Chen Gang <gang.chen.5i5j@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Richard Kuo <rkuo@codeaurora.org>
'pm_power_off' is a function pointer, not a function, so need change
its type, and also need export it, or can not pass compiling with
allmodconfig. The related error:
MODPOST 2879 modules
ERROR: "pm_power_off" [drivers/char/ipmi/ipmi_poweroff.ko] undefined!
Signed-off-by: Chen Gang <gang.chen.5i5j@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Richard Kuo <rkuo@codeaurora.org>
Need add __delay() implementation, or can not pass allmodconfig in
next-20131118 tree.
The related error:
CC kernel/locking/spinlock_debug.o
kernel/locking/spinlock_debug.c: In function '__spin_lock_debug':
kernel/locking/spinlock_debug.c:114:3: error: implicit declaration of function '__delay' [-Werror=implicit-function-declaration]
Signed-off-by: Chen Gang <gang.chen.5i5j@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Richard Kuo <rkuo@codeaurora.org>
Need include related headers for pass compiling, the related error
(with allmodconfig for v4):
CC arch/hexagon/kernel/kgdb.o
arch/hexagon/kernel/kgdb.c:30: error: invalid use of undefined type 'struct pt_regs'
arch/hexagon/kernel/kgdb.c:31: error: invalid use of undefined type 'struct pt_regs'
...
arch/hexagon/kernel/kgdb.c:220: error: implicit declaration of function 'local_irq_save'
arch/hexagon/kernel/kgdb.c:222: error: implicit declaration of function 'local_irq_restore'
...
Signed-off-by: Chen Gang <gang.chen@asianux.com>
Signed-off-by: Richard Kuo <rkuo@codeaurora.org>
Remove them, since they are useless. The related warnings (with
allmodconfig for v4):
CC arch/hexagon/kernel/time.o
arch/hexagon/kernel/time.c: In function 'time_init_deferred':
arch/hexagon/kernel/time.c:196: warning: unused variable 'err'
arch/hexagon/kernel/time.c:195: warning: unused variable 'r'
arch/hexagon/kernel/time.c:194: warning: unused variable 'dn'
Signed-off-by: Chen Gang <gang.chen@asianux.com>
Signed-off-by: Richard Kuo <rkuo@codeaurora.org>
Hexagon does not have a prom.h header, so it is probably broken with
CONFIG_OF enabled. In any case, remove unnecessary prom.h include in
preparation to make prom.h optional.
Signed-off-by: Rob Herring <rob.herring@calxeda.com>
Acked-by: Richard Kuo <rkuo@codeaurora.org>
Acked-by: Grant Likely <grant.likely@linaro.org>
Cc: linux-hexagon@vger.kernel.org
The __cpuinit type of throwaway sections might have made sense
some time ago when RAM was more constrained, but now the savings
do not offset the cost and complications. For example, the fix in
commit 5e427ec2d0 ("x86: Fix bit corruption at CPU resume time")
is a good example of the nasty type of bugs that can be created
with improper use of the various __init prefixes.
After a discussion on LKML[1] it was decided that cpuinit should go
the way of devinit and be phased out. Once all the users are gone,
we can then finally remove the macros themselves from linux/init.h.
Note that some harmless section mismatch warnings may result, since
notify_cpu_starting() and cpu_up() are arch independent (kernel/cpu.c)
are flagged as __cpuinit -- so if we remove the __cpuinit from
arch specific callers, we will also get section mismatch warnings.
As an intermediate step, we intend to turn the linux/init.h cpuinit
content into no-ops as early as possible, since that will get rid
of these warnings. In any case, they are temporary and harmless.
This removes all the arch/hexagon uses of the __cpuinit macros from
all C files. Currently hexagon does not have any __CPUINIT used in
assembly files.
[1] https://lkml.org/lkml/2013/5/20/589
Cc: Richard Kuo <rkuo@codeaurora.org>
Acked-by: Richard Kuo <rkuo@codeaurora.org>
Cc: linux-hexagon@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Paul Gortmaker <paul.gortmaker@windriver.com>
Pull Hexagon fixes from Richard Kuo:
"A bug fix and a Kconfig cleanup"
* 'for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/rkuo/linux-hexagon-kernel:
HEXAGON: Remove non existent reference to GENERIC_KERNEL_EXECVE & GENERIC_KERNEL_THREAD
Hexagon: fix register used to call do_work_pending
Pull Hexagon fixes from Richard Kuo:
"Changes for the Hexagon architecture (and one touching OpenRISC).
They include various fixes to make use of additional arch features and
cleanups. The largest functional change is a cleanup of the signal
and event return paths"
* 'for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/rkuo/linux-hexagon-kernel: (32 commits)
Hexagon: add v4 CS regs to core copyout macro
Hexagon: use correct translation for VMALLOC_START
Hexagon: use correct translations for DMA mappings
Hexagon: fix return value for notify_resume case in do_work_pending
Hexagon: fix signal number for user mem faults
Hexagon: remove two Kconfig entries
arch: remove CONFIG_GENERIC_FIND_NEXT_BIT again
Hexagon: update copyright dates
Hexagon: add translation types for __vmnewmap
Hexagon: fix signal.c compile error
Hexagon: break up user fn/arg register setting
Hexagon: use generic sys_fork, sys_vfork, and sys_clone
Hexagon: fix psp/sp macro
Hexagon: fix up int enable/disable at ret_from_fork
Hexagon: add IOMEM and _relaxed IO macros
Hexagon: switch to using the device type for IO mappings
Hexagon: don't print info for offline CPU's
Hexagon: add support for single-stepping (v4+)
Hexagon: use correct work mask when checking for more work
Hexagon: add support for additional exceptions
...
Check return coming out of check_work_pending, and if copy_thread
passed us a function in r24, call it. Based on feedback from Al
Viro.
Signed-off-by: Richard Kuo <rkuo@codeaurora.org>
Use the exact number of pages needed to be mapped pre-VA-jump,
then map 896MB afterwards, which the arch mem init will fix up.
Signed-off-by: Richard Kuo <rkuo@codeaurora.org>
This fixes the return value of sigreturn and moves the work pending check
into a c routine for readability and fixes the loop for multiple pending
signals. Based on feedback from Al Viro.
Signed-off-by: Richard Kuo <rkuo@codeaurora.org>
show_regs() is inherently arch-dependent but it does make sense to print
generic debug information and some archs already do albeit in slightly
different forms. This patch introduces a generic function to print debug
information from show_regs() so that different archs print out the same
information and it's much easier to modify what's printed.
show_regs_print_info() prints out the same debug info as dump_stack()
does plus task and thread_info pointers.
* Archs which didn't print debug info now do.
alpha, arc, blackfin, c6x, cris, frv, h8300, hexagon, ia64, m32r,
metag, microblaze, mn10300, openrisc, parisc, score, sh64, sparc,
um, xtensa
* Already prints debug info. Replaced with show_regs_print_info().
The printed information is superset of what used to be there.
arm, arm64, avr32, mips, powerpc, sh32, tile, unicore32, x86
* s390 is special in that it used to print arch-specific information
along with generic debug info. Heiko and Martin think that the
arch-specific extra isn't worth keeping s390 specfic implementation.
Converted to use the generic version.
Note that now all archs print the debug info before actual register
dumps.
An example BUG() dump follows.
kernel BUG at /work/os/work/kernel/workqueue.c:4841!
invalid opcode: 0000 [#1] PREEMPT SMP DEBUG_PAGEALLOC
Modules linked in:
CPU: 0 PID: 1 Comm: swapper/0 Not tainted 3.9.0-rc1-work+ #7
Hardware name: empty empty/S3992, BIOS 080011 10/26/2007
task: ffff88007c85e040 ti: ffff88007c860000 task.ti: ffff88007c860000
RIP: 0010:[<ffffffff8234a07e>] [<ffffffff8234a07e>] init_workqueues+0x4/0x6
RSP: 0000:ffff88007c861ec8 EFLAGS: 00010246
RAX: ffff88007c861fd8 RBX: ffffffff824466a8 RCX: 0000000000000001
RDX: 0000000000000046 RSI: 0000000000000001 RDI: ffffffff8234a07a
RBP: ffff88007c861ec8 R08: 0000000000000000 R09: 0000000000000000
R10: 0000000000000001 R11: 0000000000000000 R12: ffffffff8234a07a
R13: 0000000000000000 R14: 0000000000000000 R15: 0000000000000000
FS: 0000000000000000(0000) GS:ffff88007dc00000(0000) knlGS:0000000000000000
CS: 0010 DS: 0000 ES: 0000 CR0: 000000008005003b
CR2: ffff88015f7ff000 CR3: 00000000021f1000 CR4: 00000000000007f0
DR0: 0000000000000000 DR1: 0000000000000000 DR2: 0000000000000000
DR3: 0000000000000000 DR6: 00000000ffff0ff0 DR7: 0000000000000400
Stack:
ffff88007c861ef8 ffffffff81000312 ffffffff824466a8 ffff88007c85e650
0000000000000003 0000000000000000 ffff88007c861f38 ffffffff82335e5d
ffff88007c862080 ffffffff8223d8c0 ffff88007c862080 ffffffff81c47760
Call Trace:
[<ffffffff81000312>] do_one_initcall+0x122/0x170
[<ffffffff82335e5d>] kernel_init_freeable+0x9b/0x1c8
[<ffffffff81c47760>] ? rest_init+0x140/0x140
[<ffffffff81c4776e>] kernel_init+0xe/0xf0
[<ffffffff81c6be9c>] ret_from_fork+0x7c/0xb0
[<ffffffff81c47760>] ? rest_init+0x140/0x140
...
v2: Typo fix in x86-32.
v3: CPU number dropped from show_regs_print_info() as
dump_stack_print_info() has been updated to print it. s390
specific implementation dropped as requested by s390 maintainers.
Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Acked-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Acked-by: Jesper Nilsson <jesper.nilsson@axis.com>
Cc: Heiko Carstens <heiko.carstens@de.ibm.com>
Cc: Martin Schwidefsky <schwidefsky@de.ibm.com>
Cc: Bjorn Helgaas <bhelgaas@google.com>
Cc: Fengguang Wu <fengguang.wu@intel.com>
Cc: Mike Frysinger <vapier@gentoo.org>
Cc: Vineet Gupta <vgupta@synopsys.com>
Cc: Sam Ravnborg <sam@ravnborg.org>
Acked-by: Chris Metcalf <cmetcalf@tilera.com> [tile bits]
Acked-by: Richard Kuo <rkuo@codeaurora.org> [hexagon bits]
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Both dump_stack() and show_stack() are currently implemented by each
architecture. show_stack(NULL, NULL) dumps the backtrace for the
current task as does dump_stack(). On some archs, dump_stack() prints
extra information - pid, utsname and so on - in addition to the
backtrace while the two are identical on other archs.
The usages in arch-independent code of the two functions indicate
show_stack(NULL, NULL) should print out bare backtrace while
dump_stack() is used for debugging purposes when something went wrong,
so it does make sense to print additional information on the task which
triggered dump_stack().
There's no reason to require archs to implement two separate but mostly
identical functions. It leads to unnecessary subtle information.
This patch expands the dummy fallback dump_stack() implementation in
lib/dump_stack.c such that it prints out debug information (taken from
x86) and invokes show_stack(NULL, NULL) and drops arch-specific
dump_stack() implementations in all archs except blackfin. Blackfin's
dump_stack() does something wonky that I don't understand.
Debug information can be printed separately by calling
dump_stack_print_info() so that arch-specific dump_stack()
implementation can still emit the same debug information. This is used
in blackfin.
This patch brings the following behavior changes.
* On some archs, an extra level in backtrace for show_stack() could be
printed. This is because the top frame was determined in
dump_stack() on those archs while generic dump_stack() can't do that
reliably. It can be compensated by inlining dump_stack() but not
sure whether that'd be necessary.
* Most archs didn't use to print debug info on dump_stack(). They do
now.
An example WARN dump follows.
WARNING: at kernel/workqueue.c:4841 init_workqueues+0x35/0x505()
Hardware name: empty
Modules linked in:
CPU: 0 PID: 1 Comm: swapper/0 Not tainted 3.9.0-rc1-work+ #9
0000000000000009 ffff88007c861e08 ffffffff81c614dc ffff88007c861e48
ffffffff8108f50f ffffffff82228240 0000000000000040 ffffffff8234a03c
0000000000000000 0000000000000000 0000000000000000 ffff88007c861e58
Call Trace:
[<ffffffff81c614dc>] dump_stack+0x19/0x1b
[<ffffffff8108f50f>] warn_slowpath_common+0x7f/0xc0
[<ffffffff8108f56a>] warn_slowpath_null+0x1a/0x20
[<ffffffff8234a071>] init_workqueues+0x35/0x505
...
v2: CPU number added to the generic debug info as requested by s390
folks and dropped the s390 specific dump_stack(). This loses %ksp
from the debug message which the maintainers think isn't important
enough to keep the s390-specific dump_stack() implementation.
dump_stack_print_info() is moved to kernel/printk.c from
lib/dump_stack.c. Because linkage is per objecct file,
dump_stack_print_info() living in the same lib file as generic
dump_stack() means that archs which implement custom dump_stack()
- at this point, only blackfin - can't use dump_stack_print_info()
as that will bring in the generic version of dump_stack() too. v1
The v1 patch broke build on blackfin due to this issue. The build
breakage was reported by Fengguang Wu.
Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Acked-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Acked-by: Vineet Gupta <vgupta@synopsys.com>
Acked-by: Jesper Nilsson <jesper.nilsson@axis.com>
Acked-by: Vineet Gupta <vgupta@synopsys.com>
Acked-by: Martin Schwidefsky <schwidefsky@de.ibm.com> [s390 bits]
Cc: Heiko Carstens <heiko.carstens@de.ibm.com>
Cc: Mike Frysinger <vapier@gentoo.org>
Cc: Fengguang Wu <fengguang.wu@intel.com>
Cc: Bjorn Helgaas <bhelgaas@google.com>
Cc: Sam Ravnborg <sam@ravnborg.org>
Acked-by: Richard Kuo <rkuo@codeaurora.org> [hexagon bits]
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
Cc: Paul McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Reviewed-by: Cc: Srivatsa S. Bhat <srivatsa.bhat@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Magnus Damm <magnus.damm@gmail.com>
Acked-by: Richard Kuo <rkuo@codeaurora.org>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20130321215234.338692935@linutronix.de
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
lockdep, but it's a mechanical change.
Cheers,
Rusty.
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Merge tag 'modules-next-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/rusty/linux
Pull module update from Rusty Russell:
"The sweeping change is to make add_taint() explicitly indicate whether
to disable lockdep, but it's a mechanical change."
* tag 'modules-next-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/rusty/linux:
MODSIGN: Add option to not sign modules during modules_install
MODSIGN: Add -s <signature> option to sign-file
MODSIGN: Specify the hash algorithm on sign-file command line
MODSIGN: Simplify Makefile with a Kconfig helper
module: clean up load_module a little more.
modpost: Ignore ARC specific non-alloc sections
module: constify within_module_*
taint: add explicit flag to show whether lock dep is still OK.
module: printk message when module signature fail taints kernel.
Fix up all callers as they were before, with make one change: an
unsigned module taints the kernel, but doesn't turn off lockdep.
Signed-off-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
getname() is intended to copy pathname strings from userspace into a
kernel buffer. The result is just a string in kernel space. It would
however be quite helpful to be able to attach some ancillary info to
the string.
For instance, we could attach some audit-related info to reduce the
amount of audit-related processing needed. When auditing is enabled,
we could also call getname() on the string more than once and not
need to recopy it from userspace.
This patchset converts the getname()/putname() interfaces to return
a struct instead of a string. For now, the struct just tracks the
string in kernel space and the original userland pointer for it.
Later, we'll add other information to the struct as it becomes
convenient.
Signed-off-by: Jeff Layton <jlayton@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
This include is no longer needed.
(seems to be a leftover from try_to_freeze())
Signed-off-by: Richard Weinberger <richard@nod.at>
Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Andy Lutomirski