This patch series contains several performance tuning patches regarding to the
IO submission flow, in addition to supporting new features such as a ZBC-base
drive and multiple devices.
It also includes some major bug fixes such as:
- checkpoint version control
- fdatasync-related roll-forward recovery routine
- memory boundary or null-pointer access in corner cases
- missing error cases
It has various minor clean-up patches as well.
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Merge tag 'for-f2fs-4.10' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/jaegeuk/f2fs
Pull f2fs updates from Jaegeuk Kim:
"This patch series contains several performance tuning patches
regarding to the IO submission flow, in addition to supporting new
features such as a ZBC-base drive and multiple devices.
It also includes some major bug fixes such as:
- checkpoint version control
- fdatasync-related roll-forward recovery routine
- memory boundary or null-pointer access in corner cases
- missing error cases
It has various minor clean-up patches as well"
* tag 'for-f2fs-4.10' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/jaegeuk/f2fs: (66 commits)
f2fs: fix a missing size change in f2fs_setattr
f2fs: fix to access nullified flush_cmd_control pointer
f2fs: free meta pages if sanity check for ckpt is failed
f2fs: detect wrong layout
f2fs: call sync_fs when f2fs is idle
Revert "f2fs: use percpu_counter for # of dirty pages in inode"
f2fs: return AOP_WRITEPAGE_ACTIVATE for writepage
f2fs: do not activate auto_recovery for fallocated i_size
f2fs: fix to determine start_cp_addr by sbi->cur_cp_pack
f2fs: fix 32-bit build
f2fs: set ->owner for debugfs status file's file_operations
f2fs: fix incorrect free inode count in ->statfs
f2fs: drop duplicate header timer.h
f2fs: fix wrong AUTO_RECOVER condition
f2fs: do not recover i_size if it's valid
f2fs: fix fdatasync
f2fs: fix to account total free nid correctly
f2fs: fix an infinite loop when flush nodes in cp
f2fs: don't wait writeback for datas during checkpoint
f2fs: fix wrong written_valid_blocks counting
...
Pull block layer updates from Jens Axboe:
"This is the main block pull request this series. Contrary to previous
release, I've kept the core and driver changes in the same branch. We
always ended up having dependencies between the two for obvious
reasons, so makes more sense to keep them together. That said, I'll
probably try and keep more topical branches going forward, especially
for cycles that end up being as busy as this one.
The major parts of this pull request is:
- Improved support for O_DIRECT on block devices, with a small
private implementation instead of using the pig that is
fs/direct-io.c. From Christoph.
- Request completion tracking in a scalable fashion. This is utilized
by two components in this pull, the new hybrid polling and the
writeback queue throttling code.
- Improved support for polling with O_DIRECT, adding a hybrid mode
that combines pure polling with an initial sleep. From me.
- Support for automatic throttling of writeback queues on the block
side. This uses feedback from the device completion latencies to
scale the queue on the block side up or down. From me.
- Support from SMR drives in the block layer and for SD. From Hannes
and Shaun.
- Multi-connection support for nbd. From Josef.
- Cleanup of request and bio flags, so we have a clear split between
which are bio (or rq) private, and which ones are shared. From
Christoph.
- A set of patches from Bart, that improve how we handle queue
stopping and starting in blk-mq.
- Support for WRITE_ZEROES from Chaitanya.
- Lightnvm updates from Javier/Matias.
- Supoort for FC for the nvme-over-fabrics code. From James Smart.
- A bunch of fixes from a whole slew of people, too many to name
here"
* 'for-4.10/block' of git://git.kernel.dk/linux-block: (182 commits)
blk-stat: fix a few cases of missing batch flushing
blk-flush: run the queue when inserting blk-mq flush
elevator: make the rqhash helpers exported
blk-mq: abstract out blk_mq_dispatch_rq_list() helper
blk-mq: add blk_mq_start_stopped_hw_queue()
block: improve handling of the magic discard payload
blk-wbt: don't throttle discard or write zeroes
nbd: use dev_err_ratelimited in io path
nbd: reset the setup task for NBD_CLEAR_SOCK
nvme-fabrics: Add FC LLDD loopback driver to test FC-NVME
nvme-fabrics: Add target support for FC transport
nvme-fabrics: Add host support for FC transport
nvme-fabrics: Add FC transport LLDD api definitions
nvme-fabrics: Add FC transport FC-NVME definitions
nvme-fabrics: Add FC transport error codes to nvme.h
Add type 0x28 NVME type code to scsi fc headers
nvme-fabrics: patch target code in prep for FC transport support
nvme-fabrics: set sqe.command_id in core not transports
parser: add u64 number parser
nvme-rdma: align to generic ib_event logging helper
...
Normally, while committing checkpoint, we will wait on all pages to be
writebacked no matter the page is data or metadata, so in scenario where
there are lots of data IO being submitted with metadata, we may suffer
long latency for waiting writeback during checkpoint.
Indeed, we only care about persistence for pages with metadata, but not
pages with data, as file system consistent are only related to metadate,
so in order to avoid encountering long latency in above scenario, let's
recognize and reference metadata in submitted IOs, wait writeback only
for metadatas.
Signed-off-by: Chao Yu <yuchao0@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
If many threads hit has_not_enough_free_secs() in f2fs_balance_fs() at the same
time, all the threads would do FG_GC or BG_GC.
In this critical path, we totally don't need to do BG_GC at all.
Let's avoid that.
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
If one block has been to written to a new place, just return
in move data process. This patch check it again with holding
page lock.
Signed-off-by: Yunlei He <heyunlei@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
If there is no dirty pages in inode, we should give a chance to detach
the inode from global dirty list, otherwise it needs to call another
unnecessary .writepages for detaching.
Signed-off-by: Chao Yu <yuchao0@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
Remove the WRITE_* and READ_SYNC wrappers, and just use the flags
directly. Where applicable this also drops usage of the
bio_set_op_attrs wrapper.
Signed-off-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@fb.com>
This patch adds to support checkpoint error injection in f2fs for testing
fatal error tolerance, it will be useful that it can simulate abnormal
power off by f2fs itself instead of calling godown ioctl by running apps.
Signed-off-by: Chao Yu <yuchao0@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
Previously, we only support global fault injection configuration, so that
when we configure type/rate of fault injection through sysfs, mount
option, it will influence all f2fs partition which is being used.
It is not make sence, since it will be not convenient if developer want
to test separated partitions with different fault injection rate/type
simultaneously, also it's not possible to enable fault injection in one
partition and disable fault injection in other one.
>From now on, we move global configuration of fault injection in module
into per-superblock, hence injection testing can be more flexible.
Signed-off-by: Chao Yu <yuchao0@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
Otherwise, we can hit
f2fs_bug_on(sbi, !PageUptodate(sum_page));
Reviewed-by: Chao Yu <yuchao0@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
We should call put_page for preloaded summary pages in do_garbage_collect.
Reviewed-by: Chao Yu <yuchao0@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
This patch adds a return value of write_checkpoint for f2fs_gc.
Reviewed-by: Chao Yu <yuchao0@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
This patch changes to check valid block number of one GCed section
directly instead of checking the number in all segments of section
one by one in order to clean up codes of foreground GC.
Signed-off-by: Chao Yu <yuchao0@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
replacing redundant inode page updates with mark_inode_dirty calls. And we tried
to reduce lock contentions as well to improve filesystem scalability.
Other feature is setting F2FS automatically when detecting host-managed SMR.
= Enhancement =
- ioctl to move a range of data between files
- inject orphan inode errors
- avoid flush commands congestion
- support lazytime
= Bug fixes =
- return proper results for some dentry operations
- fix deadlock in add_link failure
- disable extent_cache for fcollapse/finsert
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Merge tag 'for-f2fs-4.8' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/jaegeuk/f2fs
Pull f2fs updates from Jaegeuk Kim:
"The major change in this version is mitigating cpu overheads on write
paths by replacing redundant inode page updates with mark_inode_dirty
calls. And we tried to reduce lock contentions as well to improve
filesystem scalability. Other feature is setting F2FS automatically
when detecting host-managed SMR.
Enhancements:
- ioctl to move a range of data between files
- inject orphan inode errors
- avoid flush commands congestion
- support lazytime
Bug fixes:
- return proper results for some dentry operations
- fix deadlock in add_link failure
- disable extent_cache for fcollapse/finsert"
* tag 'for-f2fs-4.8' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/jaegeuk/f2fs: (68 commits)
f2fs: clean up coding style and redundancy
f2fs: get victim segment again after new cp
f2fs: handle error case with f2fs_bug_on
f2fs: avoid data race when deciding checkpoin in f2fs_sync_file
f2fs: support an ioctl to move a range of data blocks
f2fs: fix to report error number of f2fs_find_entry
f2fs: avoid memory allocation failure due to a long length
f2fs: reset default idle interval value
f2fs: use blk_plug in all the possible paths
f2fs: fix to avoid data update racing between GC and DIO
f2fs: add maximum prefree segments
f2fs: disable extent_cache for fcollapse/finsert inodes
f2fs: refactor __exchange_data_block for speed up
f2fs: fix ERR_PTR returned by bio
f2fs: avoid mark_inode_dirty
f2fs: move i_size_write in f2fs_write_end
f2fs: fix to avoid redundant discard during fstrim
f2fs: avoid mismatching block range for discard
f2fs: fix incorrect f_bfree calculation in ->statfs
f2fs: use percpu_rw_semaphore
...
Previous selected segment may become free after write_checkpoint,
if we do garbage collect on this segment, and then new_curseg happen
to reuse it, it may cause f2fs_bug_on as below.
panic+0x154/0x29c
do_garbage_collect+0x15c/0xaf4
f2fs_gc+0x2dc/0x444
f2fs_balance_fs.part.22+0xcc/0x14c
f2fs_balance_fs+0x28/0x34
f2fs_map_blocks+0x5ec/0x790
f2fs_preallocate_blocks+0xe0/0x100
f2fs_file_write_iter+0x64/0x11c
new_sync_write+0xac/0x11c
vfs_write+0x144/0x1e4
SyS_write+0x60/0xc0
Here, maybe we check sit and ssa type during reset_curseg. So, we check
segment is stale or not, and select a new victim to avoid this.
Signed-off-by: Yunlei He <heyunlei@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
These two are confusing leftover of the old world order, combining
values of the REQ_OP_ and REQ_ namespaces. For callers that don't
special case we mostly just replace bi_rw with bio_data_dir or
op_is_write, except for the few cases where a switch over the REQ_OP_
values makes more sense. Any check for READA is replaced with an
explicit check for REQ_RAHEAD. Also remove the READA alias for
REQ_RAHEAD.
Signed-off-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Reviewed-by: Johannes Thumshirn <jthumshirn@suse.de>
Reviewed-by: Mike Christie <mchristi@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@fb.com>
This patch reverts 19a5f5e2ef (f2fs: drop any block plugging),
and adds blk_plug in write paths additionally.
The main reason is that blk_start_plug can be used to wake up from low-power
mode before submitting further bios.
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
Datas in file can be operated by GC and DIO simultaneously, so we will
face race case as below:
For write case:
Thread A Thread B
- generic_file_direct_write
- invalidate_inode_pages2_range
- f2fs_direct_IO
- do_blockdev_direct_IO
- do_direct_IO
- get_more_blocks
- f2fs_gc
- do_garbage_collect
- gc_data_segment
- move_data_page
- do_write_data_page
migrate data block to new block address
- dio_bio_submit
update user data to old block address
For read case:
Thread A Thread B
- generic_file_direct_write
- invalidate_inode_pages2_range
- f2fs_direct_IO
- do_blockdev_direct_IO
- do_direct_IO
- get_more_blocks
- f2fs_balance_fs
- f2fs_gc
- do_garbage_collect
- gc_data_segment
- move_data_page
- do_write_data_page
migrate data block to new block address
- write_checkpoint
- do_checkpoint
- clear_prefree_segments
- f2fs_issue_discard
discard old block adress
- dio_bio_submit
update user buffer from obsolete block address
In order to fix this, for one file, we should let DIO and GC getting exclusion
against with each other.
Signed-off-by: Chao Yu <yuchao0@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
If we fail to move data page during foreground GC, we should give another
chance to writeback that page which was set dirty previously by writer.
Signed-off-by: Chao Yu <yuchao0@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
In procedure of synchonized read, after sending out the read request, reader
will try to lock the page for waiting device to finish the read jobs and
unlock the page, but meanwhile, truncater will race with reader, so after
reader get lock of the page, it should check page's mapping to detect
whether someone has truncated the page in advance, then reader has the
chance to do the retry if truncation was done, otherwise read can be failed
due to previous condition check.
Signed-off-by: Chao Yu <yuchao0@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
In f2fs, we don't need to keep block plugging for NODE and DATA writes, since
we already merged bios as much as possible.
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
Separate the op from the rq_flag_bits and have f2fs
set/get the bio using bio_set_op_attrs/bio_op.
Signed-off-by: Mike Christie <mchristi@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Reviewed-by: Hannes Reinecke <hare@suse.com>
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@fb.com>
For foreground GC, we cache node blocks in victim section and set them
dirty, then we call sync_node_pages to flush these node pages, but
meanwhile, those node pages which does not locate in victim section
will be flushed together, so more bandwidth and continuous free space
would be occupied.
So for this condition, it's better to leave those unrelated node page
in cache for further write hit, and let CP or VM to flush them afterward.
Signed-off-by: Chao Yu <yuchao0@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
This patch splits the existing sync_node_pages into (f)sync_node_pages.
The fsync_node_pages is used for f2fs_sync_file only.
Acked-by: Chao Yu <yuchao0@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
Add a new help f2fs_update_data_blkaddr to clean up redundant codes.
Signed-off-by: Chao Yu <chao2.yu@samsung.com>
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
For now, flow of GCing an encrypted data page:
1) try to grab meta page in meta inode's mapping with index of old block
address of that data page
2) load data of ciphertext into meta page
3) allocate new block address
4) write the meta page into new block address
5) update block address pointer in direct node page.
Other reader/writer will use f2fs_wait_on_encrypted_page_writeback to
check and wait on GCed encrypted data cached in meta page writebacked
in order to avoid inconsistence among data page cache, meta page cache
and data on-disk when updating.
However, we will use new block address updated in step 5) as an index to
lookup meta page in inner bio buffer. That would be wrong, and we will
never find the GCing meta page, since we use the old block address as
index of that page in step 1).
This patch fixes the issue by adjust the order of step 1) and step 3),
and in step 1) grab page with index generated in step 3).
Signed-off-by: Chao Yu <chao2.yu@samsung.com>
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
With a partition which was formated as multi segments in one section,
we stated incorrectly for count of gc operation.
e.g., for a partition with segs_per_sec = 4
cat /sys/kernel/debug/f2fs/status
GC calls: 208 (BG: 7)
- data segments : 104 (52)
- node segments : 104 (24)
GC called count should be (104 (data segs) + 104 (node segs)) / 4 = 52,
rather than 208. Fix it.
Signed-off-by: Chao Yu <chao2.yu@samsung.com>
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
This patch avoids to remain inefficient victim segment number selected by
a victim.
For example, if all the dirty segments has same valid blocks, we can get
the victim segments descending order due to keeping wrong last segment number.
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
There are redundant pointer conversion in following call stack:
- at position a, inode was been converted to f2fs_file_info.
- at position b, f2fs_file_info was been converted to inode again.
- truncate_blocks(inode,..)
- fi = F2FS_I(inode) ---a
- ADDRS_PER_PAGE(node_page, fi)
- addrs_per_inode(fi)
- inode = &fi->vfs_inode ---b
- f2fs_has_inline_xattr(inode)
- fi = F2FS_I(inode)
- is_inode_flag_set(fi,..)
In order to avoid unneeded conversion, alter ADDRS_PER_PAGE and
addrs_per_inode to acept parameter with type of inode pointer.
Signed-off-by: Chao Yu <chao2.yu@samsung.com>
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
variable nsearched in get_victim_by_default() indicates the number of
dirty segments we already checked. There are 2 problems about the way
it updates:
1. When p.ofs_unit is greater than 1, the victim we find consists
of multiple segments, possibly more than 1 dirty segment.
But nsearched always increases by 1.
2. If segments have been found but not been chosen, nsearched won't
increase. So even we have checked all dirty segments, nsearched
may still less than p.max_search.
All these problems could cause unnecessary search after all dirty
segments have already been checked.
Signed-off-by: Fan li <fanofcode.li@samsung.com>
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
In write_begin, if storage supports stable_page, we don't need to wait for
writeback to update its contents.
This patch introduces to use wait_for_stable_page instead of
wait_on_page_writeback.
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
If we configure section consist of multiple segments, foreground GC will
do the garbage collection with following approach:
for each segment in victim section
blk_start_plug
for each valid block in segment
write out by OPU method
submit bio cache <---
blk_finish_plug <---
There are two issue:
1) for most of the time, 'submit bio cache' will break the merging in
current bio buffer from writes of next segments, making a smaller bio
submitting.
2) block plug only cover IO submitting in one segment, which reduce
opportunity of merging IOs in plug with multiple segments.
So refactor the code as below structure to strive for biggest
opportunity of merging IOs:
blk_start_plug
for each segment in victim section
for each valid block in segment
write out by OPU method
submit bio cache
blk_finish_plug
Test method:
1. mkfs.f2fs -s 8 /dev/sdX
2. touch 32 files
3. write 2M data into each file
4. punch 1.5M data from offset 0 for each file
5. trigger foreground gc through ioctl
Before patch, there are totoally 40 bios submitted.
f2fs_submit_write_bio: dev = (8,32), WRITE_SYNC, DATA, sector = 65536, size = 122880
f2fs_submit_write_bio: dev = (8,32), WRITE_SYNC, DATA, sector = 65776, size = 122880
f2fs_submit_write_bio: dev = (8,32), WRITE_SYNC, DATA, sector = 66016, size = 122880
f2fs_submit_write_bio: dev = (8,32), WRITE_SYNC, DATA, sector = 66256, size = 122880
f2fs_submit_write_bio: dev = (8,32), WRITE_SYNC, DATA, sector = 66496, size = 32768
----repeat for 8 times
After patch, there are totally 35 bios submitted.
f2fs_submit_write_bio: dev = (8,32), WRITE_SYNC, DATA, sector = 65536, size = 122880
----repeat 34 times
f2fs_submit_write_bio: dev = (8,32), WRITE_SYNC, DATA, sector = 73696, size = 16384
Signed-off-by: Chao Yu <chao2.yu@samsung.com>
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
The scenario is:
1. create lots of node blocks
2. sync
3. write lots of inline_data
-> got panic due to no free space
In that case, we should flush node blocks when writing inline_data in #3,
and trigger gc as well.
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
This patch adds last time that user requested filesystem operations.
This information is used to detect whether system is idle or not later.
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
Sometimes we keep dumb when IO error occur in lower layer device, so user
will not receive any error return value for some operation, but actually,
the operation did not succeed.
This sould be avoided, so this patch reports such kind of error to user.
Signed-off-by: Chao Yu <chao2.yu@samsung.com>
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
Use sbi->blocks_per_seg directly to avoid unnecessary calculation when using
1 << sbi->log_blocks_per_seg.
Signed-off-by: Chao Yu <chao2.yu@samsung.com>
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
Once f2fs_gc is done, wait_ms is changed once more.
So, its tracepoint would be located after it.
Reported-by: He YunLei <heyunlei@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
different competitors
Since we use different page cache (normally inode's page cache for R/W
and meta inode's page cache for GC) to cache the same physical block
which is belong to an encrypted inode. Writeback of these two page
cache should be exclusive, but now we didn't handle writeback state
well, so there may be potential racing problem:
a)
kworker: f2fs_gc:
- f2fs_write_data_pages
- f2fs_write_data_page
- do_write_data_page
- write_data_page
- f2fs_submit_page_mbio
(page#1 in inode's page cache was queued
in f2fs bio cache, and be ready to write
to new blkaddr)
- gc_data_segment
- move_encrypted_block
- pagecache_get_page
(page#2 in meta inode's page cache
was cached with the invalid datas
of physical block located in new
blkaddr)
- f2fs_submit_page_mbio
(page#1 was submitted, later, page#2
with invalid data will be submitted)
b)
f2fs_gc:
- gc_data_segment
- move_encrypted_block
- f2fs_submit_page_mbio
(page#1 in meta inode's page cache was
queued in f2fs bio cache, and be ready
to write to new blkaddr)
user thread:
- f2fs_write_begin
- f2fs_submit_page_bio
(we submit the request to block layer
to update page#2 in inode's page cache
with physical block located in new
blkaddr, so here we may read gabbage
data from new blkaddr since GC hasn't
writebacked the page#1 yet)
This patch fixes above potential racing problem for encrypted inode.
Signed-off-by: Chao Yu <chao2.yu@samsung.com>
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
Now, we use ra_meta_pages to reads continuous physical blocks as much as
possible to improve performance of following reads. However, ra_meta_pages
uses a synchronous readahead approach by submitting bio with READ, as READ
is with high priority, it can not be used in the case of preloading blocks,
and it's not sure when these RAed pages will be used.
This patch supports asynchronous readahead in ra_meta_pages by tagging bio
with READA flag in order to allow preloading.
Signed-off-by: Chao Yu <chao2.yu@samsung.com>
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
For normal inodes, their pages are allocated with __GFP_FS, which can cause
filesystem calls when reclaiming memory.
This can incur a dead lock condition accordingly.
So, this patch addresses this problem by introducing
f2fs_grab_cache_page(.., bool for_write), which calls
grab_cache_page_write_begin() with AOP_FLAG_NOFS.
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
This patch introduces a tracepoint to monitor background gc behaviors.
Reviewed-by: Chao Yu <chao2.yu@samsung.com>
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
Linus Torvalds