Btrfs needs to be able to control how filemap_write_and_wait_range() is called
in fsync to make it less of a painful operation, so push down taking i_mutex and
the calling of filemap_write_and_wait() down into the ->fsync() handlers. Some
file systems can drop taking the i_mutex altogether it seems, like ext3 and
ocfs2. For correctness sake I just pushed everything down in all cases to make
sure that we keep the current behavior the same for everybody, and then each
individual fs maintainer can make up their mind about what to do from there.
Thanks,
Acked-by: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
Signed-off-by: Josef Bacik <josef@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
i_alloc_sem is a rather special rw_semaphore. It's the last one that may
be released by a non-owner, and it's write side is always mirrored by
real exclusion. It's intended use it to wait for all pending direct I/O
requests to finish before starting a truncate.
Replace it with a hand-grown construct:
- exclusion for truncates is already guaranteed by i_mutex, so it can
simply fall way
- the reader side is replaced by an i_dio_count member in struct inode
that counts the number of pending direct I/O requests. Truncate can't
proceed as long as it's non-zero
- when i_dio_count reaches non-zero we wake up a pending truncate using
wake_up_bit on a new bit in i_flags
- new references to i_dio_count can't appear while we are waiting for
it to read zero because the direct I/O count always needs i_mutex
(or an equivalent like XFS's i_iolock) for starting a new operation.
This scheme is much simpler, and saves the space of a spinlock_t and a
struct list_head in struct inode (typically 160 bits on a non-debug 64-bit
system).
Signed-off-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Fix writev() to not keep writing the first segment over and over again
instead of moving onto subsequent segments and update the NTFS entry in
MAINTAINERS to reflect that Tuxera Inc. now supports the NTFS driver.
Signed-off-by: Anton Altaparmakov <anton@tuxera.com>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Quote from Nick piggin's about btrfs patch
- http://www.mail-archive.com/linux-btrfs@vger.kernel.org/msg04472.html.
"add_to_page_cache_lru is exported, so it should be used. Benefits over
using a private pagevec: neater code, 128 bytes fewer stack used, percpu
lru ordering is preserved, and finally don't need to flush pagevec
before returning so batching may be shared with other LRU insertions."
Let's use it instead of private pagevec in ntfs, too.
Signed-off-by: Minchan Kim <minchan.kim@gmail.com>
Acked-by: Anton Altaparmakov <aia21@cantab.net>
Cc: Nick Piggin <nickpiggin@yahoo.com.au>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
cached_page and lru_pvec have not been used. Let's remove the arguments.
Signed-off-by: Minchan Kim <minchan.kim@gmail.com>
Acked-by: Anton Altaparmakov <aia21@cantab.net>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
percpu.h is included by sched.h and module.h and thus ends up being
included when building most .c files. percpu.h includes slab.h which
in turn includes gfp.h making everything defined by the two files
universally available and complicating inclusion dependencies.
percpu.h -> slab.h dependency is about to be removed. Prepare for
this change by updating users of gfp and slab facilities include those
headers directly instead of assuming availability. As this conversion
needs to touch large number of source files, the following script is
used as the basis of conversion.
http://userweb.kernel.org/~tj/misc/slabh-sweep.py
The script does the followings.
* Scan files for gfp and slab usages and update includes such that
only the necessary includes are there. ie. if only gfp is used,
gfp.h, if slab is used, slab.h.
* When the script inserts a new include, it looks at the include
blocks and try to put the new include such that its order conforms
to its surrounding. It's put in the include block which contains
core kernel includes, in the same order that the rest are ordered -
alphabetical, Christmas tree, rev-Xmas-tree or at the end if there
doesn't seem to be any matching order.
* If the script can't find a place to put a new include (mostly
because the file doesn't have fitting include block), it prints out
an error message indicating which .h file needs to be added to the
file.
The conversion was done in the following steps.
1. The initial automatic conversion of all .c files updated slightly
over 4000 files, deleting around 700 includes and adding ~480 gfp.h
and ~3000 slab.h inclusions. The script emitted errors for ~400
files.
2. Each error was manually checked. Some didn't need the inclusion,
some needed manual addition while adding it to implementation .h or
embedding .c file was more appropriate for others. This step added
inclusions to around 150 files.
3. The script was run again and the output was compared to the edits
from #2 to make sure no file was left behind.
4. Several build tests were done and a couple of problems were fixed.
e.g. lib/decompress_*.c used malloc/free() wrappers around slab
APIs requiring slab.h to be added manually.
5. The script was run on all .h files but without automatically
editing them as sprinkling gfp.h and slab.h inclusions around .h
files could easily lead to inclusion dependency hell. Most gfp.h
inclusion directives were ignored as stuff from gfp.h was usually
wildly available and often used in preprocessor macros. Each
slab.h inclusion directive was examined and added manually as
necessary.
6. percpu.h was updated not to include slab.h.
7. Build test were done on the following configurations and failures
were fixed. CONFIG_GCOV_KERNEL was turned off for all tests (as my
distributed build env didn't work with gcov compiles) and a few
more options had to be turned off depending on archs to make things
build (like ipr on powerpc/64 which failed due to missing writeq).
* x86 and x86_64 UP and SMP allmodconfig and a custom test config.
* powerpc and powerpc64 SMP allmodconfig
* sparc and sparc64 SMP allmodconfig
* ia64 SMP allmodconfig
* s390 SMP allmodconfig
* alpha SMP allmodconfig
* um on x86_64 SMP allmodconfig
8. percpu.h modifications were reverted so that it could be applied as
a separate patch and serve as bisection point.
Given the fact that I had only a couple of failures from tests on step
6, I'm fairly confident about the coverage of this conversion patch.
If there is a breakage, it's likely to be something in one of the arch
headers which should be easily discoverable easily on most builds of
the specific arch.
Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Guess-its-ok-by: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com>
Cc: Lee Schermerhorn <Lee.Schermerhorn@hp.com>
This gives the filesystem more information about the writeback that
is happening. Trond requested this for the NFS unstable write handling,
and other filesystems might benefit from this too by beeing able to
distinguish between the different callers in more detail.
Signed-off-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
do_sync_write() does the right thing for turning the aio_writev method
into a normal non-vectored synchronous write, no need to duplicate it in
ntfs.
Signed-off-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Acked-by: Anton Altaparmakov <aia21@cantab.net>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Use new syncing helpers in .write and .aio_write functions. Also
remove superfluous syncing in ntfs_file_buffered_write() and update
comments about generic_osync_inode().
CC: Anton Altaparmakov <aia21@cantab.net>
CC: linux-ntfs-dev@lists.sourceforge.net
Signed-off-by: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
Split the LRU lists in two, one set for pages that are backed by real file
systems ("file") and one for pages that are backed by memory and swap
("anon"). The latter includes tmpfs.
The advantage of doing this is that the VM will not have to scan over lots
of anonymous pages (which we generally do not want to swap out), just to
find the page cache pages that it should evict.
This patch has the infrastructure and a basic policy to balance how much
we scan the anon lists and how much we scan the file lists. The big
policy changes are in separate patches.
[lee.schermerhorn@hp.com: collect lru meminfo statistics from correct offset]
[kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com: prevent incorrect oom under split_lru]
[kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com: fix pagevec_move_tail() doesn't treat unevictable page]
[hugh@veritas.com: memcg swapbacked pages active]
[hugh@veritas.com: splitlru: BDI_CAP_SWAP_BACKED]
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: fix /proc/vmstat units]
[nishimura@mxp.nes.nec.co.jp: memcg: fix handling of shmem migration]
[kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com: adjust Quicklists field of /proc/meminfo]
[kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com: fix style issue of get_scan_ratio()]
Signed-off-by: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Lee Schermerhorn <Lee.Schermerhorn@hp.com>
Signed-off-by: KOSAKI Motohiro <kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com>
Signed-off-by: Hugh Dickins <hugh@veritas.com>
Signed-off-by: Daisuke Nishimura <nishimura@mxp.nes.nec.co.jp>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
All calls to remove_suid() are made with a file pointer, because
(similarly to file_update_time) it is called when the file is written.
Clean up callers by passing in a file instead of a dentry.
Signed-off-by: Miklos Szeredi <mszeredi@suse.cz>
Simplify page cache zeroing of segments of pages through 3 functions
zero_user_segments(page, start1, end1, start2, end2)
Zeros two segments of the page. It takes the position where to
start and end the zeroing which avoids length calculations and
makes code clearer.
zero_user_segment(page, start, end)
Same for a single segment.
zero_user(page, start, length)
Length variant for the case where we know the length.
We remove the zero_user_page macro. Issues:
1. Its a macro. Inline functions are preferable.
2. The KM_USER0 macro is only defined for HIGHMEM.
Having to treat this special case everywhere makes the
code needlessly complex. The parameter for zeroing is always
KM_USER0 except in one single case that we open code.
Avoiding KM_USER0 makes a lot of code not having to be dealing
with the special casing for HIGHMEM anymore. Dealing with
kmap is only necessary for HIGHMEM configurations. In those
configurations we use KM_USER0 like we do for a series of other
functions defined in highmem.h.
Since KM_USER0 is depends on HIGHMEM the existing zero_user_page
function could not be a macro. zero_user_* functions introduced
here can be be inline because that constant is not used when these
functions are called.
Also extract the flushing of the caches to be outside of the kmap.
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: fix nfs and ntfs build]
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: fix ntfs build some more]
Signed-off-by: Christoph Lameter <clameter@sgi.com>
Cc: Steven French <sfrench@us.ibm.com>
Cc: Michael Halcrow <mhalcrow@us.ibm.com>
Cc: <linux-ext4@vger.kernel.org>
Cc: Steven Whitehouse <swhiteho@redhat.com>
Cc: Trond Myklebust <trond.myklebust@fys.uio.no>
Cc: "J. Bruce Fields" <bfields@fieldses.org>
Cc: Anton Altaparmakov <aia21@cantab.net>
Cc: Mark Fasheh <mark.fasheh@oracle.com>
Cc: David Chinner <dgc@sgi.com>
Cc: Michael Halcrow <mhalcrow@us.ibm.com>
Cc: Steven French <sfrench@us.ibm.com>
Cc: Steven Whitehouse <swhiteho@redhat.com>
Cc: Trond Myklebust <trond.myklebust@fys.uio.no>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
The early LFS work that Linux uses favours EFBIG in various places. SuSv3
specifically uses EOVERFLOW for this as noted by Michael (Bug 7253)
[EOVERFLOW]
The named file is a regular file and the size of the file cannot be
represented correctly in an object of type off_t. We should therefore
transition to the proper error return code
Signed-off-by: Alan Cox <alan@redhat.com>
Cc: Theodore Tso <tytso@mit.edu>
Cc: Jens Axboe <jens.axboe@oracle.com>
Cc: Arjan van de Ven <arjan@infradead.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Big thanks go to Mathias Kolehmainen for reporting the bug, providing
debug output and testing the patches I sent him to get it working.
The fix was to stop calling ntfs_attr_set() at mount time as that causes
balance_dirty_pages_ratelimited() to be called which on systems with
little memory actually tries to go and balance the dirty pages which tries
to take the s_umount semaphore but because we are still in fill_super()
across which the VFS holds s_umount for writing this results in a
deadlock.
We now do the dirty work by hand by submitting individual buffers. This
has the annoying "feature" that mounting can take a few seconds if the
journal is large as we have clear it all. One day someone should improve
on this by deferring the journal clearing to a helper kernel thread so it
can be done in the background but I don't have time for this at the moment
and the current solution works fine so I am leaving it like this for now.
Signed-off-by: Anton Altaparmakov <aia21@cantab.net>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
They can use generic_file_splice_read() instead. Since sys_sendfile() now
prefers that, there should be no change in behaviour.
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <jens.axboe@oracle.com>
First thing mm.h does is including sched.h solely for can_do_mlock() inline
function which has "current" dereference inside. By dealing with can_do_mlock()
mm.h can be detached from sched.h which is good. See below, why.
This patch
a) removes unconditional inclusion of sched.h from mm.h
b) makes can_do_mlock() normal function in mm/mlock.c
c) exports can_do_mlock() to not break compilation
d) adds sched.h inclusions back to files that were getting it indirectly.
e) adds less bloated headers to some files (asm/signal.h, jiffies.h) that were
getting them indirectly
Net result is:
a) mm.h users would get less code to open, read, preprocess, parse, ... if
they don't need sched.h
b) sched.h stops being dependency for significant number of files:
on x86_64 allmodconfig touching sched.h results in recompile of 4083 files,
after patch it's only 3744 (-8.3%).
Cross-compile tested on
all arm defconfigs, all mips defconfigs, all powerpc defconfigs,
alpha alpha-up
arm
i386 i386-up i386-defconfig i386-allnoconfig
ia64 ia64-up
m68k
mips
parisc parisc-up
powerpc powerpc-up
s390 s390-up
sparc sparc-up
sparc64 sparc64-up
um-x86_64
x86_64 x86_64-up x86_64-defconfig x86_64-allnoconfig
as well as my two usual configs.
Signed-off-by: Alexey Dobriyan <adobriyan@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Use zero_user_page() instead of open-coding it.
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: kmap-type fixes]
Signed-off-by: Nate Diller <nate.diller@gmail.com>
Acked-by: Anton Altaparmakov <aia21@cantab.net>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Ensure pages are uptodate after returning from read_cache_page, which allows
us to cut out most of the filesystem-internal PageUptodate calls.
I didn't have a great look down the call chains, but this appears to fixes 7
possible use-before uptodate in hfs, 2 in hfsplus, 1 in jfs, a few in
ecryptfs, 1 in jffs2, and a possible cleared data overwritten with readpage in
block2mtd. All depending on whether the filler is async and/or can return
with a !uptodate page.
Signed-off-by: Nick Piggin <npiggin@suse.de>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hugh@veritas.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Many struct inode_operations in the kernel can be "const". Marking them const
moves these to the .rodata section, which avoids false sharing with potential
dirty data. In addition it'll catch accidental writes at compile time to
these shared resources.
Signed-off-by: Arjan van de Ven <arjan@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Change all the uses of f_{dentry,vfsmnt} to f_path.{dentry,mnt} in the ntfs
filesystem code.
Signed-off-by: Josef "Jeff" Sipek <jsipek@cs.sunysb.edu>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
This patch cleans up generic_file_*_read/write() interfaces. Christoph
Hellwig gave me the idea for this clean ups.
In a nutshell, all filesystems should set .aio_read/.aio_write methods and use
do_sync_read/ do_sync_write() as their .read/.write methods. This allows us
to cleanup all variants of generic_file_* routines.
Final available interfaces:
generic_file_aio_read() - read handler
generic_file_aio_write() - write handler
generic_file_aio_write_nolock() - no lock write handler
__generic_file_aio_write_nolock() - internal worker routine
Signed-off-by: Badari Pulavarty <pbadari@us.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
This patch removes readv() and writev() methods and replaces them with
aio_read()/aio_write() methods.
Signed-off-by: Badari Pulavarty <pbadari@us.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
This patch vectorizes aio_read() and aio_write() methods to prepare for
collapsing all aio & vectored operations into one interface - which is
aio_read()/aio_write().
Signed-off-by: Badari Pulavarty <pbadari@us.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Cc: Michael Holzheu <HOLZHEU@de.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
Conversion of booleans to: generic-boolean.patch (2006-08-23)
Signed-off-by: Richard Knutsson <ricknu-0@student.ltu.se>
Signed-off-by: Anton Altaparmakov <aia21@cantab.net>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
The problem is that when we write to a file, the copy from userspace to
pagecache is first done with preemption disabled, so if the source address is
not immediately available the copy fails *and* *zeros* *the* *destination*.
This is a problem because a concurrent read (which admittedly is an odd thing
to do) might see zeros rather that was there before the write, or what was
there after, or some mixture of the two (any of these being a reasonable thing
to see).
If the copy did fail, it will immediately be retried with preemption
re-enabled so any transient problem with accessing the source won't cause an
error.
The first copying does not need to zero any uncopied bytes, and doing so
causes the problem. It uses copy_from_user_atomic rather than copy_from_user
so the simple expedient is to change copy_from_user_atomic to *not* zero out
bytes on failure.
The first of these two patches prepares for the change by fixing two places
which assume copy_from_user_atomic does zero the tail. The two usages are
very similar pieces of code which copy from a userspace iovec into one or more
page-cache pages. These are changed to remove the assumption.
The second patch changes __copy_from_user_inatomic* to not zero the tail.
Once these are accepted, I will look at similar patches of other architectures
where this is important (ppc, mips and sparc being the ones I can find).
This patch:
There is a problem with __copy_from_user_inatomic zeroing the tail of the
buffer in the case of an error. As it is called in atomic context, the error
may be transient, so it results in zeros being written where maybe they
shouldn't be.
In the usage in filemap, this opens a window for a well timed read to see data
(zeros) which is not consistent with any ordering of reads and writes.
Most cases where __copy_from_user_inatomic is called, a failure results in
__copy_from_user being called immediately. As long as the latter zeros the
tail, the former doesn't need to. However in *copy_from_user_iovec
implementations (in both filemap and ntfs/file), it is assumed that
copy_from_user_inatomic will zero the tail.
This patch removes that assumption, so that after this patch it will
be safe for copy_from_user_inatomic to not zero the tail.
This patch also adds some commentary to filemap.h and asm-i386/uaccess.h.
After this patch, all architectures that might disable preempt when
kmap_atomic is called need to have their __copy_from_user_inatomic* "fixed".
This includes
- powerpc
- i386
- mips
- sparc
Signed-off-by: Neil Brown <neilb@suse.de>
Cc: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Cc: Anton Altaparmakov <aia21@cantab.net>
Cc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
Cc: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
Cc: Ralf Baechle <ralf@linux-mips.org>
Cc: William Lee Irwin III <wli@holomorphy.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
Add read_mapping_page() which is used for callers that pass
mapping->a_ops->readpage as the filler for read_cache_page. This removes
some duplication from filesystem code.
Signed-off-by: Pekka Enberg <penberg@cs.helsinki.fi>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
Many thanks to Pauline Ng for the detailed bug report and analysis!
Signed-off-by: Anton Altaparmakov <aia21@cantab.net>
Cc: <stable@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
This is a conversion to make the various file_operations structs in fs/
const. Basically a regexp job, with a few manual fixups
The goal is both to increase correctness (harder to accidentally write to
shared datastructures) and reducing the false sharing of cachelines with
things that get dirty in .data (while .rodata is nicely read only and thus
cache clean)
Signed-off-by: Arjan van de Ven <arjan@infradead.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
To allow various options to work per-mount instead of per-sb we need a
struct vfsmount when updating ctime and mtime. This preparation patch
replaces the inode_update_time routine with a file_update_atime routine so
we can easily get at the vfsmount. (and the file makes more sense in this
context anyway). Also get rid of the unused second argument - we always
want to update the ctime when calling this routine.
Signed-off-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Cc: Al Viro <viro@ftp.linux.org.uk>
Cc: Anton Altaparmakov <aia21@cantab.net>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
This patch converts the inode semaphore to a mutex. I have tested it on
XFS and compiled as much as one can consider on an ia64. Anyway your
luck with it might be different.
Modified-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
(finished the conversion)
Signed-off-by: Jes Sorensen <jes@sgi.com>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
left shift using PAGE_CACHE_SHIFT in fs/ntfs/file.c. Thanks to Andrew
Morton pointing this out to.
Signed-off-by: Anton Altaparmakov <aia21@cantab.net>
Many thanks to Alberto Patino for testing and reporting the data
corruption. And many apologies for corrupting his partition.
Signed-off-by: Anton Altaparmakov <aia21@cantab.net>
file operations ->write(), ->aio_write(), and ->writev() for regular
files. This replaces the old use of generic_file_write(), et al and
the address space operations ->prepare_write and ->commit_write.
This means that both sparse and non-sparse (unencrypted and
uncompressed) files can now be extended using the normal write(2)
code path. There are two limitations at present and these are that
we never create sparse files and that we only have limited support
for highly fragmented files, i.e. ones whose data attribute is split
across multiple extents. When such a case is encountered,
EOPNOTSUPP is returned.
Signed-off-by: Anton Altaparmakov <aia21@cantab.net>
Initial git repository build. I'm not bothering with the full history,
even though we have it. We can create a separate "historical" git
archive of that later if we want to, and in the meantime it's about
3.2GB when imported into git - space that would just make the early
git days unnecessarily complicated, when we don't have a lot of good
infrastructure for it.
Let it rip!
Cong Wang