This reverts commit 0974a9cadc.
The real for for that issue is to release current->mm->mmap_sem in
fix_range_common().
Signed-off-by: Richard Weinberger <richard@nod.at>
Currently we use both struct siginfo and siginfo_t.
Let's use struct siginfo internally to avoid ongoing
compiler warning. We are allowed to do so because
struct siginfo and siginfo_t are equivalent.
Signed-off-by: Richard Weinberger <richard@nod.at>
If we die within a stub handler we only way to reliable
kill the (obviously) dying uml guest process is killing
it's host twin on the host side.
Signed-off-by: Richard Weinberger <richard@nod.at>
UML guest processes now get correct siginfo_t for SIGTRAP, SIGFPE,
SIGILL and SIGBUS. Specifically, si_addr and si_code are now correct
where previously they were si_addr = NULL and si_code = 128.
Signed-off-by: Martin Pärtel <martin.partel@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Richard Weinberger <richard@nod.at>
For one thing, we always block the same signals (IRQ ones - IO, WINCH, VTALRM),
so there's no need to pass sa_mask elements in arguments. For another, the
flags depend only on whether it's an IRQ signal or not (we add SA_RESTART
for them).
Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Signed-off-by: Richard Weinberger <richard@nod.at>
We used to generate those, but we hadn't done that for a long
time. No need to bother blocking them for signal handlers.
Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Signed-off-by: Richard Weinberger <richard@nod.at>
Some time ago Jeff prepared 42daba3165 ("uml: stop saving process FP
state") for UML to stop saving the process FP state between task
switches. The assumption was that since with SKAS0 every guest process
runs inside a host process context the host OS will take care of keeping
the proper FP state.
Unfortunately this is not true for multi-threaded applications, where
all guest threads share a single host process context yet all may use
the FPU on their own. Although I haven't verified it I suspect things
to be even worse in SKAS3 mode where all guest processes run inside a
single host process.
The patch reintroduces the saving and restoring of the FP context
between task switches.
[richard@nod.at: Ingo posted this patch in 2009, sadly it was never applied
and got lost. Now in 2011 the problem was reported by Gunnar.]
Signed-off-by: Ingo van Lil <inguin@gmx.de>
Signed-off-by: Richard Weinberger <richard@nod.at>
Reported-by: <gunnarlindroth@hotmail.com>
Tested-by: <gunnarlindroth@hotmail.com>
Cc: Stanislav Meduna <stano@meduna.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
- Make some variables and functions static, since they don't need to be
global.
- Remove an unused function - arch/um/kernel/time.c::sched_clock().
- Clean the style a bit as complained by checkpatch.pl.
Cc: Jeff Dike <jdike@addtoit.com>
Signed-off-by: WANG Cong <wangcong@zeuux.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
We lost the marking of SIGWINCH as being OK to receive during stub
execution, causing a panic should that happen.
Cc: Benedict Verheyen <benedict.verheyen@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Jeff Dike <jdike@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
A few random style fixes.
Signed-off-by: Jeff Dike <jdike@linux.intel.com>
Cc: WANG Cong <xiyou.wangcong@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Commit ee3d9bd4de ("uml: simplify SIGSEGV
handling"), while greatly simplifying the kernel SIGSEGV handler that
runs in the process address space, introduced a bug which corrupts FP
state in the process.
Previously, the SIGSEGV handler called the sigreturn system call by hand - it
couldn't return through the restorer provided to it because that could try to
call the libc restorer which likely wouldn't exist in the process address
space. So, it blocked off some signals, including SIGUSR1, on entry to the
SIGSEGV handler, queued a SIGUSR1 to itself, and invoked sigreturn. The
SIGUSR1 was delivered, and was visible to the UML kernel after sigreturn
finished.
The commit eliminated the signal masking and the call to sigreturn. The
handler simply hits itself with a SIGTRAP to let the UML kernel know that it
is finished. UML then restores the process registers, which effectively
longjmps the process out of the signal handler, skipping sigreturn's restoring
of register state and the signal mask.
The bug is that the host apparently sets used_fp to 0 when it saves the
process FP state in the sigcontext on the process signal stack. Thus, when
the process is longjmped out of the handler, its FP state is corrupt because
it wasn't saved on the context switch to the UML kernel.
This manifested itself as sleep hanging. For some reason, sleep uses floating
point in order to calculate the sleep interval. When a page fault corrupts
its FP state, it is faked into essentially sleeping forever.
This patch saves the FP state before entering the SIGSEGV handler and restores
it afterwards.
Signed-off-by: Jeff Dike <jdike@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Style changes under arch/um/os-Linux:
include trimming
CodingStyle fixes
some printks needed severity indicators
make_tempfile turns out not to be used outside of mem.c, so it is now static.
Its declaration in tempfile.h is no longer needed, and tempfile.h itself is no
longer needed.
create_tmp_file was also made static.
checkpatch moans about an EXPORT_SYMBOL in user_syms.c which is part of a
macro definition - this is copying a bit of kernel infrastructure into the
libc side of UML because the kernel headers can't be included there.
Signed-off-by: Jeff Dike <jdike@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Some printks were missing newlines.
Signed-off-by: Jeff Dike <jdike@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
This patch moves sig_handler_common_skas from
arch/um/os-Linux/skas/trap.c to its only caller in
arch/um/os-Linux/signal.c. trap.c is now empty, so it can be removed.
This is code movement only - the significant cleanup needed here is
done in the next patch.
Signed-off-by: Jeff Dike <jdike@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Kill a process that tries to branch into a stub and execute a system
call. There are no security implications here - a system call in a
stub is treated the same as a system call anywhere else. But if a
process is trying to branch into a stub, either it is trying something
nasty or it has gone haywire, so it's a good idea to get rid of it in
either case.
Signed-off-by: Jeff Dike <jdike@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
UML was panicing in the case of failures of libc calls which shouldn't happen.
This is an overreaction since a failure from libc doesn't normally mean that
kernel data structures are in an unknown state. Instead, the current process
should just be killed if there is no way to recover.
The case that prompted this was a failure of PTRACE_SETREGS restoring the same
state that was read by PTRACE_GETREGS. It appears that when a process tries
to load a bogus value into a segment register, it segfaults (as expected) and
the value is actually loaded and is seen by PTRACE_GETREGS (not expected).
This case is fixed by forcing a fatal SIGSEGV on the process so that it
immediately dies. fatal_sigsegv was added for this purpose. It was declared
as noreturn, so in order to pursuade gcc that it actually does not return, I
added a call to os_dump_core (and declared it noreturn) so that I get a core
file if somehow the process survives.
All other calls in arch/um/os-Linux/skas/process.c got the same treatment,
with failures causing the process to die instead of a kernel panic, with some
exceptions.
userspace_tramp exits with status 1 if anything goes wrong there. That will
cause start_userspace to return an error. copy_context_skas0 and
map_stub_pages also now return errors instead of panicing. Callers of thes
functions were changed to check for errors and do something appropriate.
Usually that's to return an error to their callers.
check_skas3_ptrace_faultinfo just exits since that's too early to do anything
else.
save_registers, restore_registers, and init_registers now return status
instead of panicing on failure, with their callers doing something
appropriate.
There were also duplicate declarations of save_registers and restore_registers
in os.h - these are gone.
I noticed and fixed up some whitespace damage.
Signed-off-by: Jeff Dike <jdike@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Some register accessor cleanups -
userspace() was calling restore_registers and save_registers for no
reason, since userspace() is on the libc side of the house, and these
add no value over calling ptrace directly
init_thread_registers and get_safe_registers were the same thing,
so init_thread_registers is gone
Signed-off-by: Jeff Dike <jdike@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Simplify the page fault stub by not masking signals while it is running. This
allows it to signal that it is done by executing an instruction which will
generate a SIGTRAP (int3 on x86) rather than running sigreturn by hand after
queueing a blocked SIGUSR1.
userspace_tramp now no longer puts anything in the SIGSEGV sa_mask, but it
does add SA_NODEFER to sa_flags so that SIGSEGV is still enabled after the
signal handler fails to run sigreturn.
SIGWINCH is just blocked so that we don't have to deal with it and the signal
masks used by wait_stub_done are updated to reflect the smaller number of
signals that it has to worry about.
Signed-off-by: Jeff Dike <jdike@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Tidy kern_util.h. It turns out that most of the function declarations
aren't used, so they can go away. os.h no longer includes
kern_util.h, so files which got it through os.h now need to include it
directly. A number of other files never needed it, so these includes
are deleted.
The structure which was used to pass signal handlers from the kernel
side to the userspace side is gone. Instead, the handlers are
declared here, and used directly from libc code. This allows
arch/um/os-Linux/trap.c to be deleted, with its remnants being moved
to arch/um/os-Linux/skas/trap.c.
arch/um/os-Linux/tty.c had its inclusions changed, and it needed some
style attention, so it got tidied.
Signed-off-by: Jeff Dike <jdike@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Sometimes when UML is debugged gdb miss breakpoints.
When process traced by gdb do fork, debugger remove breakpoints from
child address space. There is possibility to trace more than one fork,
but this not work with UML, I guess (only guess) there is a deadlock -
gdb waits for UML and UML waits for gdb.
When clone() is called with SIGCHLD and CLONE_VM flags, gdb see this
as PTRACE_EVENT_FORK not as PTRACE_EVENT_CLONE and remove breakpoints
from child and at the same time from traced process, because either
have the same address space.
Maybe it is possible to do fix in gdb, but I'm not sure if there is
easy way to find out if traced and child processes share memory. So I
do fix for UML, it simply do not call clone() with both SIGCHLD and
CLONE_VM flags together. Additionally __WALL flag is used for
waitpid() to assure not miss clone and normal process events.
[ jdike - checkpatch fixes ]
Signed-off-by: Stanislaw Gruszka <stf_xl@wp.pl>
Signed-off-by: Jeff Dike <jdike@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
In a stock 2.6.22.6 kernel, poweroff a user mode linux guest (2.6.22.6 running
in skas0 mode) will halt the host linux. I think the reason is the kernel
thread abort because of a bug. Then the sys_reboot in process of user mode
linux guest is not trapped by the user mode linux kernel and is executed by
host. I think it is better to make sure all of our children process to quit
when user mode linux kernel abort.
[ jdike - the kernel process needs to ignore SIGTERM, plus the waitpid/kill
loop is needed to make sure that all of our children are dead before the
kernel exits ]
Signed-off-by: Lepton Wu <ytht.net@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Jeff Dike <jdike@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
The calculation of CONFIG_STUB_CODE and CONFIG_STUB_DATA didn't take into
account anything but 3G/1G and 2G/2G, leaving the other vmsplits out in the
cold.
I'd rather not duplicate the four known host vmsplit cases for each of these
symbols. I'd also like to calculate them based on the highest userspace
address.
The Kconfig language seems not to allow calculation of hex constants, so I
moved this to as-layout.h. CONFIG_STUB_CODE, CONFIG_STUB_DATA, and
CONFIG_STUB_START are now gone. In their place are STUB_CODE, STUB_DATA, and
STUB_START in as-layout.h.
i386 and x86_64 seem to differ as to whether an unadorned constant is an int
or a long, so I cast them to unsigned long so they can be printed
consistently. However, they are also used in stub.S, where C types don't work
so well. So, there are ASM_ versions of these constants for use in stub.S. I
also ifdef-ed the non-asm-friendly portion of as-layout.h.
With this in place, most of the rest of this patch is changing CONFIG_STUB_*
to STUB_*, except in stub.S, where they are changed to ASM_STUB_*.
defconfig has the old symbols deleted.
I also print these addresses out in case there is any problem mapping them on
the host.
The two stub.S files had some trailing whitespace, so that is cleaned up here.
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: coding-style fixes]
Signed-off-by: Jeff Dike <jdike@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
There are various uses of powers of 1000, plus the odd BILLION constant in the
time code. However, there are perfectly good definitions of *SEC_PER_*SEC in
linux/time.h which can be used instaed.
These are replaced directly in kernel code. Userspace code imports those
constants as UM_*SEC_PER_*SEC and uses these.
Signed-off-by: Jeff Dike <jdike@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Now that ITIMER_REAL is no longer used, there is no need for any use of
SIGALRM whatsoever. This patch removes all mention of it.
In addition, real_alarm_handler took a signal argument which is now always
SIGVTALRM. So, that is gone.
Signed-off-by: Jeff Dike <jdike@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Enable tickless support.
CONFIG_TICK_ONESHOT and CONFIG_NO_HZ are enabled.
itimer_clockevent gets CLOCK_EVT_FEAT_ONESHOT and an implementation of
.set_next_event.
CONFIG_UML_REAL_TIME_CLOCK goes away because it only makes sense when there is
a clock ticking away all the time. timer_handler now just calls do_IRQ once
without trying to figure out how many ticks to emulate.
The idle loop now needs to turn ticking on and off.
Userspace ticks keep happening as usual. However, the userspace loop keep
track of when the next wakeup should happen and suppresses process ticks until
that happens.
Signed-off-by: Jeff Dike <jdike@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
set_interval took a timer type as an argument, but it always specified a
virtual timer. So, it is not needed, and it is gone, and set_interval is
simplified appropriately.
Signed-off-by: Jeff Dike <jdike@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Eliminate hz() since its only purpose was to provide a kernel-space constant
to userspace code. This can be done instead by providing the constant
directly through kernel_constants.h.
Signed-off-by: Jeff Dike <jdike@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
A number of files that were changed in the recent removal of tt mode
are userspace files which call the os_* wrappers instead of calling
libc directly. A few other files were affected by this, through
This patch makes these call glibc directly.
There are also style fixes in the affected areas.
os_print_error has no remaining callers, so it is deleted.
There is a interface change to os_set_exec_close, eliminating a
parameter which was always the same. The callers are fixed as well.
os_process_pc got its error path cleaned up.
Signed-off-by: Jeff Dike <jdike@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Before the removal of tt mode, access to a register on the skas-mode side of a
pt_regs struct looked like pt_regs.regs.skas.regs.regs[FOO]. This was bad
enough, but it became pt_regs.regs.regs.regs[FOO] with the removal of the
union from the middle. To get rid of the run of three "regs", the last field
is renamed to "gp".
Signed-off-by: Jeff Dike <jdike@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Eliminate some uses of __u64 in the physical memory support. It's hard to get
a definition of __u64 in both kernel and userspace code on x86_64, so this
changes them to unsigned long long.
There are also a copyright update and formatting comment removal from the
affected header.
Signed-off-by: Jeff Dike <jdike@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Formatting changes in the files which have been changed in the course
of folding foo_skas functions into their callers. These include:
copyright updates
header file trimming
style fixes
adding severity to printks
These changes should be entirely non-functional.
Signed-off-by: Jeff Dike <jdike@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
This patch makes a number of simplifications enabled by the removal of
CHOOSE_MODE. There were lots of functions that looked like
int foo(args){
foo_skas(args);
}
The bodies of foo_skas are now folded into foo, and their declarations (and
sometimes entire header files) are deleted.
In addition, the union uml_pt_regs, which was a union between the tt and skas
register formats, is now a struct, with the tt-mode arm of the union being
removed.
It turns out that usr2_handler was unused, so it is gone.
Signed-off-by: Jeff Dike <jdike@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Throw out a lot of code dealing with saving and restoring floating-point
state. In skas mode, where processes run in a restoring floating-point state
on kernel entry and exit is pointless.
This eliminates most of arch/um/os-Linux/sys-{i386,x86_64}/registers.c. Most
of what remained is now arch-indpendent, and can be moved up to
arch/um/os-Linux/registers.c. Both arches need the jmp_buf accessor
get_thread_reg, and i386 needs {save,restore}_fp_regs because it cheats during
sigreturn by getting the fp state using ptrace rather than copying it out of
the process sigcontext.
After this, it turns out that arch/um/include/skas/mode-skas.h is almost
completely unneeded. The declarations in it are variables which either don't
exist or which don't have global scope. The one exception is
kill_off_processes_skas. If that's removed, this header can be deleted.
This uncovered a bug in user.h, which wasn't correctly making sure that a
size_t definition was available to both userspace and kernelspace files.
Signed-off-by: Jeff Dike <jdike@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Remove includes of asm/page.h from libc code. This header seems to be
disappearing, and UML doesn't make much use of it anyway.
The one use, PAGE_SHIFT in stub.h, is handled by copying the constant from the
kernel side of the house in common_offsets.h.
Signed-off-by: Jeff Dike <jdike@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cleanup of the SIGWINCH support.
Some code and comment reformatting.
The stack used for SIGWINCH threads was leaked. This is now fixed by storing
it with the pid and other information, and freeing it when the thread is
killed.
If something goes wrong with a WIGWINCH thread, and this is discovered in the
interrupt handler, the winch record would leak. It is now freed, except that
the IRQ isn't freed. This is hard to do from interrupt context. This has the
side-effect that the IRQ system maintains a reference to the freed structure,
but that shouldn't cause a problem since the descriptor is disabled.
register_winch_irq is now much better about cleaning up after an
initialization failure.
Signed-off-by: Jeff Dike <jdike@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Paolo 'Blaisorblade' Giarrusso <blaisorblade@yahoo.it>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Distros seem to be removing PAGE_SIZE from asm/page.h. So, the libc side of
UML should stop using it.
I replace it with UM_KERN_PAGE_SIZE, which is defined to be the same as
PAGE_SIZE on the kernel side of the house. I could also use getpagesize(),
but it's more important that UML have the same value of PAGE_SIZE everywhere.
It's conceivable that it could be built with a larger PAGE_SIZE, and use of
getpagesize() would break that badly.
PAGE_MASK got the same treatment, as it is closely tied to PAGE_SIZE.
Signed-off-by: Jeff Dike <jdike@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Some tidying of the irq code before introducing irq stacks. Mostly
style fixes, but the timer handler calls the timer code directly
rather than going through the generic sig_handler_common_skas.
Signed-off-by: Jeff Dike <jdike@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Paolo 'Blaisorblade' Giarrusso <blaisorblade@yahoo.it>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Now that we have UM_THREAD_SIZE, we can replace the calculations in
user-space code (an earlier patch took care of the kernel side of the
house).
Signed-off-by: Jeff Dike <jdike@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Paolo 'Blaisorblade' Giarrusso <blaisorblade@yahoo.it>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
These haven't been fixed for ages. Just make comments out of them.
arch/um/kernel/skas/process.c:181:2: warning: #warning Need to look up
+userspace_pid by cpu
arch/um/kernel/skas/process.c:187:2: warning: #warning Need to look up
+userspace_pid by cpu
arch/um/kernel/skas/process.c:194:2: warning: #warning need to loop over
+userspace_pids in kill_off_processes_skas
Signed-off-by: Miklos Szeredi <mszeredi@suse.cz>
Signed-off-by: Jeff Dike <jdike@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Paolo 'Blaisorblade' Giarrusso <blaisorblade@yahoo.it>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Richard Weinberger