Many source files in the tree are missing licensing information, which
makes it harder for compliance tools to determine the correct license.
By default all files without license information are under the default
license of the kernel, which is GPL version 2.
Update the files which contain no license information with the 'GPL-2.0'
SPDX license identifier. The SPDX identifier is a legally binding
shorthand, which can be used instead of the full boiler plate text.
This patch is based on work done by Thomas Gleixner and Kate Stewart and
Philippe Ombredanne.
How this work was done:
Patches were generated and checked against linux-4.14-rc6 for a subset of
the use cases:
- file had no licensing information it it.
- file was a */uapi/* one with no licensing information in it,
- file was a */uapi/* one with existing licensing information,
Further patches will be generated in subsequent months to fix up cases
where non-standard license headers were used, and references to license
had to be inferred by heuristics based on keywords.
The analysis to determine which SPDX License Identifier to be applied to
a file was done in a spreadsheet of side by side results from of the
output of two independent scanners (ScanCode & Windriver) producing SPDX
tag:value files created by Philippe Ombredanne. Philippe prepared the
base worksheet, and did an initial spot review of a few 1000 files.
The 4.13 kernel was the starting point of the analysis with 60,537 files
assessed. Kate Stewart did a file by file comparison of the scanner
results in the spreadsheet to determine which SPDX license identifier(s)
to be applied to the file. She confirmed any determination that was not
immediately clear with lawyers working with the Linux Foundation.
Criteria used to select files for SPDX license identifier tagging was:
- Files considered eligible had to be source code files.
- Make and config files were included as candidates if they contained >5
lines of source
- File already had some variant of a license header in it (even if <5
lines).
All documentation files were explicitly excluded.
The following heuristics were used to determine which SPDX license
identifiers to apply.
- when both scanners couldn't find any license traces, file was
considered to have no license information in it, and the top level
COPYING file license applied.
For non */uapi/* files that summary was:
SPDX license identifier # files
---------------------------------------------------|-------
GPL-2.0 11139
and resulted in the first patch in this series.
If that file was a */uapi/* path one, it was "GPL-2.0 WITH
Linux-syscall-note" otherwise it was "GPL-2.0". Results of that was:
SPDX license identifier # files
---------------------------------------------------|-------
GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note 930
and resulted in the second patch in this series.
- if a file had some form of licensing information in it, and was one
of the */uapi/* ones, it was denoted with the Linux-syscall-note if
any GPL family license was found in the file or had no licensing in
it (per prior point). Results summary:
SPDX license identifier # files
---------------------------------------------------|------
GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note 270
GPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 169
((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-2-Clause) 21
((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-3-Clause) 17
LGPL-2.1+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 15
GPL-1.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 14
((GPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-3-Clause) 5
LGPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 4
LGPL-2.1 WITH Linux-syscall-note 3
((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR MIT) 3
((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) AND MIT) 1
and that resulted in the third patch in this series.
- when the two scanners agreed on the detected license(s), that became
the concluded license(s).
- when there was disagreement between the two scanners (one detected a
license but the other didn't, or they both detected different
licenses) a manual inspection of the file occurred.
- In most cases a manual inspection of the information in the file
resulted in a clear resolution of the license that should apply (and
which scanner probably needed to revisit its heuristics).
- When it was not immediately clear, the license identifier was
confirmed with lawyers working with the Linux Foundation.
- If there was any question as to the appropriate license identifier,
the file was flagged for further research and to be revisited later
in time.
In total, over 70 hours of logged manual review was done on the
spreadsheet to determine the SPDX license identifiers to apply to the
source files by Kate, Philippe, Thomas and, in some cases, confirmation
by lawyers working with the Linux Foundation.
Kate also obtained a third independent scan of the 4.13 code base from
FOSSology, and compared selected files where the other two scanners
disagreed against that SPDX file, to see if there was new insights. The
Windriver scanner is based on an older version of FOSSology in part, so
they are related.
Thomas did random spot checks in about 500 files from the spreadsheets
for the uapi headers and agreed with SPDX license identifier in the
files he inspected. For the non-uapi files Thomas did random spot checks
in about 15000 files.
In initial set of patches against 4.14-rc6, 3 files were found to have
copy/paste license identifier errors, and have been fixed to reflect the
correct identifier.
Additionally Philippe spent 10 hours this week doing a detailed manual
inspection and review of the 12,461 patched files from the initial patch
version early this week with:
- a full scancode scan run, collecting the matched texts, detected
license ids and scores
- reviewing anything where there was a license detected (about 500+
files) to ensure that the applied SPDX license was correct
- reviewing anything where there was no detection but the patch license
was not GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note to ensure that the applied
SPDX license was correct
This produced a worksheet with 20 files needing minor correction. This
worksheet was then exported into 3 different .csv files for the
different types of files to be modified.
These .csv files were then reviewed by Greg. Thomas wrote a script to
parse the csv files and add the proper SPDX tag to the file, in the
format that the file expected. This script was further refined by Greg
based on the output to detect more types of files automatically and to
distinguish between header and source .c files (which need different
comment types.) Finally Greg ran the script using the .csv files to
generate the patches.
Reviewed-by: Kate Stewart <kstewart@linuxfoundation.org>
Reviewed-by: Philippe Ombredanne <pombredanne@nexb.com>
Reviewed-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
We got it from the git sources but never used it for anything, with the
place where this would be somehow used remaining:
static int run_builtin(struct cmd_struct *p, int argc, const char **argv)
{
prefix = NULL;
if (p->option & RUN_SETUP)
prefix = NULL; /* setup_perf_directory(); */
Ditch it.
Cc: Adrian Hunter <adrian.hunter@intel.com>
Cc: David Ahern <dsahern@gmail.com>
Cc: Jiri Olsa <jolsa@kernel.org>
Cc: Namhyung Kim <namhyung@kernel.org>
Cc: Wang Nan <wangnan0@huawei.com>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/n/tip-uw5swz05vol0qpr32c5lpvus@git.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@redhat.com>
When building with clang on a musl libc system, Alpine Linux, we end up
hitting a problem where memset() is used but its prototype is not
present, add it to avoid this:
bench/futex-wake.c:99:3: error: implicitly declaring library function 'memset' with type 'void *(void *, int, unsigned long)'
[-Werror,-Wimplicit-function-declaration]
CPU_ZERO(&cpu);
^
/usr/include/sched.h:127:23: note: expanded from macro 'CPU_ZERO'
#define CPU_ZERO(set) CPU_ZERO_S(sizeof(cpu_set_t),set)
^
/usr/include/sched.h:110:30: note: expanded from macro 'CPU_ZERO_S'
#define CPU_ZERO_S(size,set) memset(set,0,size)
^
bench/futex-wake.c:99:3: note: include the header <string.h> or explicitly provide a declaration for 'memset'
Found while updating my test build containers to build perf with clang in more
systems.
Cc: Adrian Hunter <adrian.hunter@intel.com>
Cc: David Ahern <dsahern@gmail.com>
Cc: Davidlohr Bueso <dave@stgolabs.net>
Cc: Jiri Olsa <jolsa@kernel.org>
Cc: Namhyung Kim <namhyung@kernel.org>
Cc: Wang Nan <wangnan0@huawei.com>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/n/tip-jh10vaz2r98zl6gm5iau8prr@git.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@redhat.com>
This reverts commit 60758d6668.
Now that libsubcmd makes sure that OPT_UINTEGER options will not
return negative values, we can revert this patch while addressing
the problem it solved:
# perf bench futex hash -t -4
# Running 'futex/hash' benchmark:
Error: switch `t' expects an unsigned numerical value
Usage: perf bench futex hash <options>
-t, --threads <n> Specify amount of threads
# perf bench futex hash -t-4
# Running 'futex/hash' benchmark:
Error: switch `t' expects an unsigned numerical value
Usage: perf bench futex hash <options>
-t, --threads <n> Specify amount of threads
#
IMO it is more reasonable to flat out refuse to process a negative
number than to silently turn it into an absolute value.
This also helps in silencing clang's complaint about asking for an
absolute value of an unsigned integer:
bench/futex-hash.c:133:10: error: taking the absolute value of unsigned type 'unsigned int' has no effect [-Werror,-Wabsolute-value]
nsecs = futexbench_sanitize_numeric(nsecs);
^
bench/futex.h:104:42: note: expanded from macro 'futexbench_sanitize_numeric'
#define futexbench_sanitize_numeric(__n) abs((__n))
^
bench/futex-hash.c:133:10: note: remove the call to 'abs' since unsigned values cannot be negative
Cc: Adrian Hunter <adrian.hunter@intel.com>
Cc: David Ahern <dsahern@gmail.com>
Cc: Davidlohr Bueso <dbueso@suse.de>
Cc: Jiri Olsa <jolsa@kernel.org>
Cc: Josh Poimboeuf <jpoimboe@redhat.com>
Cc: Namhyung Kim <namhyung@kernel.org>
Cc: Wang Nan <wangnan0@huawei.com>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/n/tip-2kl68v22or31vw643m2exz8x@git.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@redhat.com>
Sebastian noted that overhead for worker thread ops (throughput)
accounting was producing 'perf' to appear in the profiles, consuming a
non-trivial (i.e. 13%) amount of CPU.
This is due to cacheline bouncing due to the increment of w->ops.
We can easily fix this by just working on a local copy and updating the
actual worker once done running, and ready to show the program summary.
There is no danger of the worker being concurrent, so we can trust that
no stale value is being seen by another thread.
This also gets rid of the unnecessary cache alignment hack; its not
worth it.
Reported-by: Sebastian Andrzej Siewior <bigeasy@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Davidlohr Bueso <dbueso@suse.de>
Acked-by: Sebastian Andrzej Siewior <bigeasy@linutronix.de>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1477342613-9938-2-git-send-email-dave@stgolabs.net
Signed-off-by: Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@redhat.com>
Since these files use __maybe_unused, and that is defined in
linux/compiler.h, include it.
Cc: Adrian Hunter <adrian.hunter@intel.com>
Cc: David Ahern <dsahern@gmail.com>
Cc: Davidlohr Bueso <dbueso@suse.de>
Cc: Hitoshi Mitake <mitake@dcl.info.waseda.ac.jp>
Cc: Jiri Olsa <jolsa@kernel.org>
Cc: Namhyung Kim <namhyung@kernel.org>
Cc: Wang Nan <wangnan0@huawei.com>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/n/tip-1llbf59ut6xon6ti88jm0n9j@git.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@redhat.com>
We should try avoiding that perf.h header, it includes way too much
stuff, making it difficult to use things like setting _GNU_SOURCE only
on a small set of headers.
Cc: Adrian Hunter <adrian.hunter@intel.com>
Cc: David Ahern <dsahern@gmail.com>
Cc: Davidlohr Bueso <dbueso@suse.de>
Cc: Hitoshi Mitake <mitake@dcl.info.waseda.ac.jp>
Cc: Jiri Olsa <jolsa@kernel.org>
Cc: Namhyung Kim <namhyung@kernel.org>
Cc: Wang Nan <wangnan0@huawei.com>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/n/tip-lb6eg9w1kzrwhv0gm3ho0h54@git.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@redhat.com>
Given that the 'val' parameter is ignored for FUTEX_LOCK_PI, get rid of
the bogus deadlock detection flag in the wrapper code and avoid the
extra argument, making it resemble its unlock counterpart. And if
nothing else, we already only pass 0 anyway.
Signed-off-by: Davidlohr Bueso <dbueso@suse.de>
Cc: Davidlohr Bueso <dbueso@suse.de>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1461208447-29328-1-git-send-email-dave@stgolabs.net
Signed-off-by: Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@redhat.com>
Move the subcommand-related files from perf to a new library named
libsubcmd.a.
Since we're moving files anyway, go ahead and rename 'exec_cmd.*' to
'exec-cmd.*' to be consistent with the naming of all the other files.
Signed-off-by: Josh Poimboeuf <jpoimboe@redhat.com>
Cc: Jiri Olsa <jolsa@redhat.com>
Cc: Namhyung Kim <namhyung@kernel.org>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/c0a838d4c878ab17fee50998811612b2281355c1.1450193761.git.jpoimboe@redhat.com
Signed-off-by: Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@redhat.com>
Allows a way of measuring low level kernel implementation of FUTEX_LOCK_PI and
FUTEX_UNLOCK_PI.
The program comes in two flavors:
(i) single futex (default), all threads contend on the same uaddr. For the
sake of the benchmark, we call into kernel space even when the lock is
uncontended. The kernel will set it to TID, any waters that come in and
contend for the pi futex will be handled respectively by the kernel.
(ii) -M option for multiple futexes, each thread deals with its own futex. This
is a trivial scenario and only measures kernel handling of 0->TID transition.
Signed-off-by: Davidlohr Bueso <dbueso@suse.de>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1436259353.12255.78.camel@stgolabs.net
Signed-off-by: Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@redhat.com>
Greg Kroah-Hartman