mirror of https://gitee.com/openkylin/linux.git
572 lines
21 KiB
Plaintext
572 lines
21 KiB
Plaintext
Linux* Base Driver for the Intel(R) PRO/1000 Family of Adapters
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===============================================================
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November 15, 2005
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Contents
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========
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- In This Release
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- Identifying Your Adapter
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- Command Line Parameters
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- Speed and Duplex Configuration
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- Additional Configurations
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- Known Issues
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- Support
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In This Release
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===============
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This file describes the Linux* Base Driver for the Intel(R) PRO/1000 Family
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of Adapters. This driver includes support for Itanium(R)2-based systems.
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For questions related to hardware requirements, refer to the documentation
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supplied with your Intel PRO/1000 adapter. All hardware requirements listed
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apply to use with Linux.
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The following features are now available in supported kernels:
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- Native VLANs
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- Channel Bonding (teaming)
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- SNMP
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Channel Bonding documentation can be found in the Linux kernel source:
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/Documentation/networking/bonding.txt
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The driver information previously displayed in the /proc filesystem is not
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supported in this release. Alternatively, you can use ethtool (version 1.6
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or later), lspci, and ifconfig to obtain the same information.
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Instructions on updating ethtool can be found in the section "Additional
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Configurations" later in this document.
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Identifying Your Adapter
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========================
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For more information on how to identify your adapter, go to the Adapter &
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Driver ID Guide at:
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http://support.intel.com/support/network/adapter/pro100/21397.htm
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For the latest Intel network drivers for Linux, refer to the following
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website. In the search field, enter your adapter name or type, or use the
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networking link on the left to search for your adapter:
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http://downloadfinder.intel.com/scripts-df/support_intel.asp
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Command Line Parameters =======================
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If the driver is built as a module, the following optional parameters
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are used by entering them on the command line with the modprobe or insmod
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command using this syntax:
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modprobe e1000 [<option>=<VAL1>,<VAL2>,...]
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insmod e1000 [<option>=<VAL1>,<VAL2>,...]
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For example, with two PRO/1000 PCI adapters, entering:
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insmod e1000 TxDescriptors=80,128
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loads the e1000 driver with 80 TX descriptors for the first adapter and 128
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TX descriptors for the second adapter.
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The default value for each parameter is generally the recommended setting,
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unless otherwise noted.
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NOTES: For more information about the AutoNeg, Duplex, and Speed
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parameters, see the "Speed and Duplex Configuration" section in
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this document.
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For more information about the InterruptThrottleRate,
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RxIntDelay, TxIntDelay, RxAbsIntDelay, and TxAbsIntDelay
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parameters, see the application note at:
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http://www.intel.com/design/network/applnots/ap450.htm
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A descriptor describes a data buffer and attributes related to
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the data buffer. This information is accessed by the hardware.
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AutoNeg
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-------
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(Supported only on adapters with copper connections)
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Valid Range: 0x01-0x0F, 0x20-0x2F
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Default Value: 0x2F
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This parameter is a bit mask that specifies which speed and duplex
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settings the board advertises. When this parameter is used, the Speed
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and Duplex parameters must not be specified.
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NOTE: Refer to the Speed and Duplex section of this readme for more
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information on the AutoNeg parameter.
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Duplex
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------
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(Supported only on adapters with copper connections)
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Valid Range: 0-2 (0=auto-negotiate, 1=half, 2=full)
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Default Value: 0
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Defines the direction in which data is allowed to flow. Can be either
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one or two-directional. If both Duplex and the link partner are set to
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auto-negotiate, the board auto-detects the correct duplex. If the link
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partner is forced (either full or half), Duplex defaults to half-duplex.
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FlowControl
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----------
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Valid Range: 0-3 (0=none, 1=Rx only, 2=Tx only, 3=Rx&Tx)
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Default Value: Reads flow control settings from the EEPROM
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This parameter controls the automatic generation(Tx) and response(Rx)
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to Ethernet PAUSE frames.
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InterruptThrottleRate
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---------------------
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(not supported on Intel 82542, 82543 or 82544-based adapters)
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Valid Range: 100-100000 (0=off, 1=dynamic)
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Default Value: 8000
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This value represents the maximum number of interrupts per second the
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controller generates. InterruptThrottleRate is another setting used in
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interrupt moderation. Dynamic mode uses a heuristic algorithm to adjust
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InterruptThrottleRate based on the current traffic load.
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NOTE: InterruptThrottleRate takes precedence over the TxAbsIntDelay and
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RxAbsIntDelay parameters. In other words, minimizing the receive
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and/or transmit absolute delays does not force the controller to
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generate more interrupts than what the Interrupt Throttle Rate
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allows.
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CAUTION: If you are using the Intel PRO/1000 CT Network Connection
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(controller 82547), setting InterruptThrottleRate to a value
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greater than 75,000, may hang (stop transmitting) adapters
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under certain network conditions. If this occurs a NETDEV
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WATCHDOG message is logged in the system event log. In
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addition, the controller is automatically reset, restoring
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the network connection. To eliminate the potential for the
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hang, ensure that InterruptThrottleRate is set no greater
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than 75,000 and is not set to 0.
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NOTE: When e1000 is loaded with default settings and multiple adapters
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are in use simultaneously, the CPU utilization may increase non-
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linearly. In order to limit the CPU utilization without impacting
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the overall throughput, we recommend that you load the driver as
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follows:
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insmod e1000.o InterruptThrottleRate=3000,3000,3000
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This sets the InterruptThrottleRate to 3000 interrupts/sec for
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the first, second, and third instances of the driver. The range
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of 2000 to 3000 interrupts per second works on a majority of
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systems and is a good starting point, but the optimal value will
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be platform-specific. If CPU utilization is not a concern, use
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RX_POLLING (NAPI) and default driver settings.
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RxDescriptors
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-------------
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Valid Range: 80-256 for 82542 and 82543-based adapters
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80-4096 for all other supported adapters
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Default Value: 256
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This value specifies the number of receive descriptors allocated by the
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driver. Increasing this value allows the driver to buffer more incoming
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packets. Each descriptor is 16 bytes. A receive buffer is also
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allocated for each descriptor and is 2048.
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RxIntDelay
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----------
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Valid Range: 0-65535 (0=off)
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Default Value: 0
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This value delays the generation of receive interrupts in units of 1.024
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microseconds. Receive interrupt reduction can improve CPU efficiency if
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properly tuned for specific network traffic. Increasing this value adds
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extra latency to frame reception and can end up decreasing the throughput
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of TCP traffic. If the system is reporting dropped receives, this value
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may be set too high, causing the driver to run out of available receive
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descriptors.
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CAUTION: When setting RxIntDelay to a value other than 0, adapters may
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hang (stop transmitting) under certain network conditions. If
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this occurs a NETDEV WATCHDOG message is logged in the system
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event log. In addition, the controller is automatically reset,
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restoring the network connection. To eliminate the potential
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for the hang ensure that RxIntDelay is set to 0.
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RxAbsIntDelay
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-------------
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(This parameter is supported only on 82540, 82545 and later adapters.)
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Valid Range: 0-65535 (0=off)
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Default Value: 128
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This value, in units of 1.024 microseconds, limits the delay in which a
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receive interrupt is generated. Useful only if RxIntDelay is non-zero,
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this value ensures that an interrupt is generated after the initial
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packet is received within the set amount of time. Proper tuning,
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along with RxIntDelay, may improve traffic throughput in specific network
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conditions.
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Speed
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-----
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(This parameter is supported only on adapters with copper connections.)
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Valid Settings: 0, 10, 100, 1000
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Default Value: 0 (auto-negotiate at all supported speeds)
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Speed forces the line speed to the specified value in megabits per second
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(Mbps). If this parameter is not specified or is set to 0 and the link
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partner is set to auto-negotiate, the board will auto-detect the correct
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speed. Duplex should also be set when Speed is set to either 10 or 100.
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TxDescriptors
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-------------
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Valid Range: 80-256 for 82542 and 82543-based adapters
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80-4096 for all other supported adapters
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Default Value: 256
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This value is the number of transmit descriptors allocated by the driver.
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Increasing this value allows the driver to queue more transmits. Each
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descriptor is 16 bytes.
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NOTE: Depending on the available system resources, the request for a
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higher number of transmit descriptors may be denied. In this case,
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use a lower number.
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TxIntDelay
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----------
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Valid Range: 0-65535 (0=off)
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Default Value: 64
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This value delays the generation of transmit interrupts in units of
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1.024 microseconds. Transmit interrupt reduction can improve CPU
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efficiency if properly tuned for specific network traffic. If the
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system is reporting dropped transmits, this value may be set too high
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causing the driver to run out of available transmit descriptors.
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TxAbsIntDelay
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-------------
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(This parameter is supported only on 82540, 82545 and later adapters.)
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Valid Range: 0-65535 (0=off)
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Default Value: 64
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This value, in units of 1.024 microseconds, limits the delay in which a
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transmit interrupt is generated. Useful only if TxIntDelay is non-zero,
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this value ensures that an interrupt is generated after the initial
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packet is sent on the wire within the set amount of time. Proper tuning,
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along with TxIntDelay, may improve traffic throughput in specific
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network conditions.
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XsumRX
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------
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(This parameter is NOT supported on the 82542-based adapter.)
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Valid Range: 0-1
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Default Value: 1
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A value of '1' indicates that the driver should enable IP checksum
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offload for received packets (both UDP and TCP) to the adapter hardware.
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Speed and Duplex Configuration
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==============================
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Three keywords are used to control the speed and duplex configuration.
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These keywords are Speed, Duplex, and AutoNeg.
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If the board uses a fiber interface, these keywords are ignored, and the
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fiber interface board only links at 1000 Mbps full-duplex.
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For copper-based boards, the keywords interact as follows:
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The default operation is auto-negotiate. The board advertises all
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supported speed and duplex combinations, and it links at the highest
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common speed and duplex mode IF the link partner is set to auto-negotiate.
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If Speed = 1000, limited auto-negotiation is enabled and only 1000 Mbps
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is advertised (The 1000BaseT spec requires auto-negotiation.)
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If Speed = 10 or 100, then both Speed and Duplex should be set. Auto-
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negotiation is disabled, and the AutoNeg parameter is ignored. Partner
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SHOULD also be forced.
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The AutoNeg parameter is used when more control is required over the
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auto-negotiation process. It should be used when you wish to control which
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speed and duplex combinations are advertised during the auto-negotiation
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process.
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The parameter may be specified as either a decimal or hexidecimal value as
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determined by the bitmap below.
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Bit position 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
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Decimal Value 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1
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Hex value 80 40 20 10 8 4 2 1
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Speed (Mbps) N/A N/A 1000 N/A 100 100 10 10
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Duplex Full Full Half Full Half
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Some examples of using AutoNeg:
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modprobe e1000 AutoNeg=0x01 (Restricts autonegotiation to 10 Half)
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modprobe e1000 AutoNeg=1 (Same as above)
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modprobe e1000 AutoNeg=0x02 (Restricts autonegotiation to 10 Full)
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modprobe e1000 AutoNeg=0x03 (Restricts autonegotiation to 10 Half or 10 Full)
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modprobe e1000 AutoNeg=0x04 (Restricts autonegotiation to 100 Half)
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modprobe e1000 AutoNeg=0x05 (Restricts autonegotiation to 10 Half or 100
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Half)
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modprobe e1000 AutoNeg=0x020 (Restricts autonegotiation to 1000 Full)
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modprobe e1000 AutoNeg=32 (Same as above)
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Note that when this parameter is used, Speed and Duplex must not be specified.
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If the link partner is forced to a specific speed and duplex, then this
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parameter should not be used. Instead, use the Speed and Duplex parameters
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previously mentioned to force the adapter to the same speed and duplex.
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Additional Configurations
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=========================
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Configuring the Driver on Different Distributions
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-------------------------------------------------
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Configuring a network driver to load properly when the system is started
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is distribution dependent. Typically, the configuration process involves
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adding an alias line to /etc/modules.conf or /etc/modprobe.conf as well
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as editing other system startup scripts and/or configuration files. Many
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popular Linux distributions ship with tools to make these changes for you.
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To learn the proper way to configure a network device for your system,
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refer to your distribution documentation. If during this process you are
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asked for the driver or module name, the name for the Linux Base Driver
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for the Intel PRO/1000 Family of Adapters is e1000.
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As an example, if you install the e1000 driver for two PRO/1000 adapters
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(eth0 and eth1) and set the speed and duplex to 10full and 100half, add
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the following to modules.conf or modprobe.conf:
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alias eth0 e1000
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alias eth1 e1000
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options e1000 Speed=10,100 Duplex=2,1
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Viewing Link Messages
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---------------------
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Link messages will not be displayed to the console if the distribution is
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restricting system messages. In order to see network driver link messages
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on your console, set dmesg to eight by entering the following:
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dmesg -n 8
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NOTE: This setting is not saved across reboots.
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Jumbo Frames
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------------
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The driver supports Jumbo Frames for all adapters except 82542 and
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82573-based adapters. Jumbo Frames support is enabled by changing the
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MTU to a value larger than the default of 1500. Use the ifconfig command
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to increase the MTU size. For example:
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ifconfig eth<x> mtu 9000 up
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This setting is not saved across reboots. It can be made permanent if
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you add:
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MTU=9000
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to the file /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth<x>. This example
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applies to the Red Hat distributions; other distributions may store this
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setting in a different location.
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Notes:
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- To enable Jumbo Frames, increase the MTU size on the interface beyond
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1500.
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- The maximum MTU setting for Jumbo Frames is 16110. This value coincides
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with the maximum Jumbo Frames size of 16128.
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- Using Jumbo Frames at 10 or 100 Mbps may result in poor performance or
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loss of link.
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- Some Intel gigabit adapters that support Jumbo Frames have a frame size
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limit of 9238 bytes, with a corresponding MTU size limit of 9216 bytes.
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The adapters with this limitation are based on the Intel 82571EB and
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82572EI controllers, which correspond to these product names:
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Intel<65> PRO/1000 PT Dual Port Server Adapter
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Intel<65> PRO/1000 PF Dual Port Server Adapter
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Intel<65> PRO/1000 PT Server Adapter
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Intel<65> PRO/1000 PT Desktop Adapter
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Intel<65> PRO/1000 PF Server Adapter
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- The Intel PRO/1000 PM Network Connection does not support jumbo frames.
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Ethtool
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-------
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The driver utilizes the ethtool interface for driver configuration and
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diagnostics, as well as displaying statistical information. Ethtool
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version 1.6 or later is required for this functionality.
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The latest release of ethtool can be found from
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http://sourceforge.net/projects/gkernel.
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NOTE: Ethtool 1.6 only supports a limited set of ethtool options. Support
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for a more complete ethtool feature set can be enabled by upgrading
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ethtool to ethtool-1.8.1.
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Enabling Wake on LAN* (WoL)
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---------------------------
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WoL is configured through the Ethtool* utility. Ethtool is included with
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all versions of Red Hat after Red Hat 7.2. For other Linux distributions,
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download and install Ethtool from the following website:
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http://sourceforge.net/projects/gkernel.
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For instructions on enabling WoL with Ethtool, refer to the website listed
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above.
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WoL will be enabled on the system during the next shut down or reboot.
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For this driver version, in order to enable WoL, the e1000 driver must be
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loaded when shutting down or rebooting the system.
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NAPI
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----
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NAPI (Rx polling mode) is supported in the e1000 driver. NAPI is enabled
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or disabled based on the configuration of the kernel. To override
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the default, use the following compile-time flags.
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To enable NAPI, compile the driver module, passing in a configuration option:
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make CFLAGS_EXTRA=-DE1000_NAPI install
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To disable NAPI, compile the driver module, passing in a configuration option:
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make CFLAGS_EXTRA=-DE1000_NO_NAPI install
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See www.cyberus.ca/~hadi/usenix-paper.tgz for more information on NAPI.
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Known Issues
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============
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Jumbo Frames System Requirement
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-------------------------------
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Memory allocation failures have been observed on Linux systems with 64 MB
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of RAM or less that are running Jumbo Frames. If you are using Jumbo
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Frames, your system may require more than the advertised minimum
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requirement of 64 MB of system memory.
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Performance Degradation with Jumbo Frames
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-----------------------------------------
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Degradation in throughput performance may be observed in some Jumbo frames
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environments. If this is observed, increasing the application's socket
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buffer size and/or increasing the /proc/sys/net/ipv4/tcp_*mem entry values
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may help. See the specific application manual and
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/usr/src/linux*/Documentation/
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networking/ip-sysctl.txt for more details.
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Jumbo frames on Foundry BigIron 8000 switch
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-------------------------------------------
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There is a known issue using Jumbo frames when connected to a Foundry
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BigIron 8000 switch. This is a 3rd party limitation. If you experience
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loss of packets, lower the MTU size.
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Multiple Interfaces on Same Ethernet Broadcast Network
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------------------------------------------------------
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Due to the default ARP behavior on Linux, it is not possible to have
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one system on two IP networks in the same Ethernet broadcast domain
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(non-partitioned switch) behave as expected. All Ethernet interfaces
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will respond to IP traffic for any IP address assigned to the system.
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This results in unbalanced receive traffic.
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If you have multiple interfaces in a server, either turn on ARP
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filtering by entering:
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echo 1 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/arp_filter
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(this only works if your kernel's version is higher than 2.4.5),
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NOTE: This setting is not saved across reboots. The configuration
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change can be made permanent by adding the line:
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net.ipv4.conf.all.arp_filter = 1
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to the file /etc/sysctl.conf
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or,
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install the interfaces in separate broadcast domains (either in
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different switches or in a switch partitioned to VLANs).
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82541/82547 can't link or are slow to link with some link partners
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-----------------------------------------------------------------
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There is a known compatibility issue with 82541/82547 and some
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low-end switches where the link will not be established, or will
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be slow to establish. In particular, these switches are known to
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be incompatible with 82541/82547:
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Planex FXG-08TE
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I-O Data ETG-SH8
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To workaround this issue, the driver can be compiled with an override
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of the PHY's master/slave setting. Forcing master or forcing slave
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mode will improve time-to-link.
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|
||
# make EXTRA_CFLAGS=-DE1000_MASTER_SLAVE=<n>
|
||
|
||
Where <n> is:
|
||
|
||
0 = Hardware default
|
||
1 = Master mode
|
||
2 = Slave mode
|
||
3 = Auto master/slave
|
||
|
||
Disable rx flow control with ethtool
|
||
------------------------------------
|
||
|
||
In order to disable receive flow control using ethtool, you must turn
|
||
off auto-negotiation on the same command line.
|
||
|
||
For example:
|
||
|
||
ethtool -A eth? autoneg off rx off
|
||
|
||
|
||
Support
|
||
=======
|
||
|
||
For general information, go to the Intel support website at:
|
||
|
||
http://support.intel.com
|
||
|
||
or the Intel Wired Networking project hosted by Sourceforge at:
|
||
|
||
http://sourceforge.net/projects/e1000
|
||
|
||
If an issue is identified with the released source code on the supported
|
||
kernel with a supported adapter, email the specific information related
|
||
to the issue to e1000-devel@lists.sourceforge.net
|
||
|
||
|
||
License
|
||
=======
|
||
|
||
This software program is released under the terms of a license agreement
|
||
between you ('Licensee') and Intel. Do not use or load this software or any
|
||
associated materials (collectively, the 'Software') until you have carefully
|
||
read the full terms and conditions of the file COPYING located in this software
|
||
package. By loading or using the Software, you agree to the terms of this
|
||
Agreement. If you do not agree with the terms of this Agreement, do not
|
||
install or use the Software.
|
||
|
||
* Other names and brands may be claimed as the property of others.
|