mirror of https://gitee.com/openkylin/linux.git
347 lines
6.8 KiB
ReStructuredText
347 lines
6.8 KiB
ReStructuredText
====================
|
|
The Linux Kernel API
|
|
====================
|
|
|
|
Data Types
|
|
==========
|
|
|
|
Doubly Linked Lists
|
|
-------------------
|
|
|
|
.. kernel-doc:: include/linux/list.h
|
|
:internal:
|
|
|
|
Basic C Library Functions
|
|
=========================
|
|
|
|
When writing drivers, you cannot in general use routines which are from
|
|
the C Library. Some of the functions have been found generally useful
|
|
and they are listed below. The behaviour of these functions may vary
|
|
slightly from those defined by ANSI, and these deviations are noted in
|
|
the text.
|
|
|
|
String Conversions
|
|
------------------
|
|
|
|
.. kernel-doc:: lib/vsprintf.c
|
|
:export:
|
|
|
|
.. kernel-doc:: include/linux/kernel.h
|
|
:functions: kstrtol
|
|
|
|
.. kernel-doc:: include/linux/kernel.h
|
|
:functions: kstrtoul
|
|
|
|
.. kernel-doc:: lib/kstrtox.c
|
|
:export:
|
|
|
|
String Manipulation
|
|
-------------------
|
|
|
|
.. kernel-doc:: lib/string.c
|
|
:export:
|
|
|
|
Bit Operations
|
|
--------------
|
|
|
|
.. kernel-doc:: arch/x86/include/asm/bitops.h
|
|
:internal:
|
|
|
|
Basic Kernel Library Functions
|
|
==============================
|
|
|
|
The Linux kernel provides more basic utility functions.
|
|
|
|
Bitmap Operations
|
|
-----------------
|
|
|
|
.. kernel-doc:: lib/bitmap.c
|
|
:export:
|
|
|
|
.. kernel-doc:: lib/bitmap.c
|
|
:internal:
|
|
|
|
Command-line Parsing
|
|
--------------------
|
|
|
|
.. kernel-doc:: lib/cmdline.c
|
|
:export:
|
|
|
|
CRC Functions
|
|
-------------
|
|
|
|
.. kernel-doc:: lib/crc7.c
|
|
:export:
|
|
|
|
.. kernel-doc:: lib/crc16.c
|
|
:export:
|
|
|
|
.. kernel-doc:: lib/crc-itu-t.c
|
|
:export:
|
|
|
|
.. kernel-doc:: lib/crc32.c
|
|
|
|
.. kernel-doc:: lib/crc-ccitt.c
|
|
:export:
|
|
|
|
idr/ida Functions
|
|
-----------------
|
|
|
|
.. kernel-doc:: include/linux/idr.h
|
|
:doc: idr sync
|
|
|
|
.. kernel-doc:: lib/idr.c
|
|
:doc: IDA description
|
|
|
|
.. kernel-doc:: lib/idr.c
|
|
:export:
|
|
|
|
Memory Management in Linux
|
|
==========================
|
|
|
|
The Slab Cache
|
|
--------------
|
|
|
|
.. kernel-doc:: include/linux/slab.h
|
|
:internal:
|
|
|
|
.. kernel-doc:: mm/slab.c
|
|
:export:
|
|
|
|
.. kernel-doc:: mm/util.c
|
|
:export:
|
|
|
|
User Space Memory Access
|
|
------------------------
|
|
|
|
.. kernel-doc:: arch/x86/include/asm/uaccess_32.h
|
|
:internal:
|
|
|
|
.. kernel-doc:: arch/x86/lib/usercopy_32.c
|
|
:export:
|
|
|
|
More Memory Management Functions
|
|
--------------------------------
|
|
|
|
.. kernel-doc:: mm/readahead.c
|
|
:export:
|
|
|
|
.. kernel-doc:: mm/filemap.c
|
|
:export:
|
|
|
|
.. kernel-doc:: mm/memory.c
|
|
:export:
|
|
|
|
.. kernel-doc:: mm/vmalloc.c
|
|
:export:
|
|
|
|
.. kernel-doc:: mm/page_alloc.c
|
|
:internal:
|
|
|
|
.. kernel-doc:: mm/mempool.c
|
|
:export:
|
|
|
|
.. kernel-doc:: mm/dmapool.c
|
|
:export:
|
|
|
|
.. kernel-doc:: mm/page-writeback.c
|
|
:export:
|
|
|
|
.. kernel-doc:: mm/truncate.c
|
|
:export:
|
|
|
|
Kernel IPC facilities
|
|
=====================
|
|
|
|
IPC utilities
|
|
-------------
|
|
|
|
.. kernel-doc:: ipc/util.c
|
|
:internal:
|
|
|
|
FIFO Buffer
|
|
===========
|
|
|
|
kfifo interface
|
|
---------------
|
|
|
|
.. kernel-doc:: include/linux/kfifo.h
|
|
:internal:
|
|
|
|
relay interface support
|
|
=======================
|
|
|
|
Relay interface support is designed to provide an efficient mechanism
|
|
for tools and facilities to relay large amounts of data from kernel
|
|
space to user space.
|
|
|
|
relay interface
|
|
---------------
|
|
|
|
.. kernel-doc:: kernel/relay.c
|
|
:export:
|
|
|
|
.. kernel-doc:: kernel/relay.c
|
|
:internal:
|
|
|
|
Module Support
|
|
==============
|
|
|
|
Module Loading
|
|
--------------
|
|
|
|
.. kernel-doc:: kernel/kmod.c
|
|
:export:
|
|
|
|
Inter Module support
|
|
--------------------
|
|
|
|
Refer to the file kernel/module.c for more information.
|
|
|
|
Hardware Interfaces
|
|
===================
|
|
|
|
Interrupt Handling
|
|
------------------
|
|
|
|
.. kernel-doc:: kernel/irq/manage.c
|
|
:export:
|
|
|
|
DMA Channels
|
|
------------
|
|
|
|
.. kernel-doc:: kernel/dma.c
|
|
:export:
|
|
|
|
Resources Management
|
|
--------------------
|
|
|
|
.. kernel-doc:: kernel/resource.c
|
|
:internal:
|
|
|
|
.. kernel-doc:: kernel/resource.c
|
|
:export:
|
|
|
|
MTRR Handling
|
|
-------------
|
|
|
|
.. kernel-doc:: arch/x86/kernel/cpu/mtrr/main.c
|
|
:export:
|
|
|
|
Security Framework
|
|
==================
|
|
|
|
.. kernel-doc:: security/security.c
|
|
:internal:
|
|
|
|
.. kernel-doc:: security/inode.c
|
|
:export:
|
|
|
|
Audit Interfaces
|
|
================
|
|
|
|
.. kernel-doc:: kernel/audit.c
|
|
:export:
|
|
|
|
.. kernel-doc:: kernel/auditsc.c
|
|
:internal:
|
|
|
|
.. kernel-doc:: kernel/auditfilter.c
|
|
:internal:
|
|
|
|
Accounting Framework
|
|
====================
|
|
|
|
.. kernel-doc:: kernel/acct.c
|
|
:internal:
|
|
|
|
Block Devices
|
|
=============
|
|
|
|
.. kernel-doc:: block/blk-core.c
|
|
:export:
|
|
|
|
.. kernel-doc:: block/blk-core.c
|
|
:internal:
|
|
|
|
.. kernel-doc:: block/blk-map.c
|
|
:export:
|
|
|
|
.. kernel-doc:: block/blk-sysfs.c
|
|
:internal:
|
|
|
|
.. kernel-doc:: block/blk-settings.c
|
|
:export:
|
|
|
|
.. kernel-doc:: block/blk-exec.c
|
|
:export:
|
|
|
|
.. kernel-doc:: block/blk-flush.c
|
|
:export:
|
|
|
|
.. kernel-doc:: block/blk-lib.c
|
|
:export:
|
|
|
|
.. kernel-doc:: block/blk-tag.c
|
|
:export:
|
|
|
|
.. kernel-doc:: block/blk-tag.c
|
|
:internal:
|
|
|
|
.. kernel-doc:: block/blk-integrity.c
|
|
:export:
|
|
|
|
.. kernel-doc:: kernel/trace/blktrace.c
|
|
:internal:
|
|
|
|
.. kernel-doc:: block/genhd.c
|
|
:internal:
|
|
|
|
.. kernel-doc:: block/genhd.c
|
|
:export:
|
|
|
|
Char devices
|
|
============
|
|
|
|
.. kernel-doc:: fs/char_dev.c
|
|
:export:
|
|
|
|
Clock Framework
|
|
===============
|
|
|
|
The clock framework defines programming interfaces to support software
|
|
management of the system clock tree. This framework is widely used with
|
|
System-On-Chip (SOC) platforms to support power management and various
|
|
devices which may need custom clock rates. Note that these "clocks"
|
|
don't relate to timekeeping or real time clocks (RTCs), each of which
|
|
have separate frameworks. These :c:type:`struct clk <clk>`
|
|
instances may be used to manage for example a 96 MHz signal that is used
|
|
to shift bits into and out of peripherals or busses, or otherwise
|
|
trigger synchronous state machine transitions in system hardware.
|
|
|
|
Power management is supported by explicit software clock gating: unused
|
|
clocks are disabled, so the system doesn't waste power changing the
|
|
state of transistors that aren't in active use. On some systems this may
|
|
be backed by hardware clock gating, where clocks are gated without being
|
|
disabled in software. Sections of chips that are powered but not clocked
|
|
may be able to retain their last state. This low power state is often
|
|
called a *retention mode*. This mode still incurs leakage currents,
|
|
especially with finer circuit geometries, but for CMOS circuits power is
|
|
mostly used by clocked state changes.
|
|
|
|
Power-aware drivers only enable their clocks when the device they manage
|
|
is in active use. Also, system sleep states often differ according to
|
|
which clock domains are active: while a "standby" state may allow wakeup
|
|
from several active domains, a "mem" (suspend-to-RAM) state may require
|
|
a more wholesale shutdown of clocks derived from higher speed PLLs and
|
|
oscillators, limiting the number of possible wakeup event sources. A
|
|
driver's suspend method may need to be aware of system-specific clock
|
|
constraints on the target sleep state.
|
|
|
|
Some platforms support programmable clock generators. These can be used
|
|
by external chips of various kinds, such as other CPUs, multimedia
|
|
codecs, and devices with strict requirements for interface clocking.
|
|
|
|
.. kernel-doc:: include/linux/clk.h
|
|
:internal:
|