diff --git a/android/config.go b/android/config.go
index 350893ba5..b6ef26848 100644
--- a/android/config.go
+++ b/android/config.go
@@ -406,6 +406,14 @@ func NewConfig(srcDir, buildDir string) (Config, error) {
 		return Config{}, err
 	}
 
+	if Bool(config.productVariables.GcovCoverage) && Bool(config.productVariables.ClangCoverage) {
+		return Config{}, fmt.Errorf("GcovCoverage and ClangCoverage cannot both be set")
+	}
+
+	config.productVariables.Native_coverage = proptools.BoolPtr(
+		Bool(config.productVariables.GcovCoverage) ||
+			Bool(config.productVariables.ClangCoverage))
+
 	return Config{config}, nil
 }
 
@@ -1037,27 +1045,55 @@ func (c *deviceConfig) SamplingPGO() bool {
 	return Bool(c.config.productVariables.SamplingPGO)
 }
 
-func (c *config) NativeLineCoverage() bool {
-	return Bool(c.productVariables.NativeLineCoverage)
+// JavaCoverageEnabledForPath returns whether Java code coverage is enabled for
+// path. Coverage is enabled by default when the product variable
+// JavaCoveragePaths is empty. If JavaCoveragePaths is not empty, coverage is
+// enabled for any path which is part of this variable (and not part of the
+// JavaCoverageExcludePaths product variable). Value "*" in JavaCoveragePaths
+// represents any path.
+func (c *deviceConfig) JavaCoverageEnabledForPath(path string) bool {
+	coverage := false
+	if c.config.productVariables.JavaCoveragePaths == nil ||
+		InList("*", c.config.productVariables.JavaCoveragePaths) ||
+		HasAnyPrefix(path, c.config.productVariables.JavaCoveragePaths) {
+		coverage = true
+	}
+	if coverage && c.config.productVariables.JavaCoverageExcludePaths != nil {
+		if HasAnyPrefix(path, c.config.productVariables.JavaCoverageExcludePaths) {
+			coverage = false
+		}
+	}
+	return coverage
 }
 
+// Returns true if gcov or clang coverage is enabled.
 func (c *deviceConfig) NativeCoverageEnabled() bool {
-	return Bool(c.config.productVariables.Native_coverage) || Bool(c.config.productVariables.NativeLineCoverage)
+	return Bool(c.config.productVariables.GcovCoverage) ||
+		Bool(c.config.productVariables.ClangCoverage)
 }
 
 func (c *deviceConfig) ClangCoverageEnabled() bool {
 	return Bool(c.config.productVariables.ClangCoverage)
 }
 
-func (c *deviceConfig) CoverageEnabledForPath(path string) bool {
+func (c *deviceConfig) GcovCoverageEnabled() bool {
+	return Bool(c.config.productVariables.GcovCoverage)
+}
+
+// NativeCoverageEnabledForPath returns whether (GCOV- or Clang-based) native
+// code coverage is enabled for path. By default, coverage is not enabled for a
+// given path unless it is part of the NativeCoveragePaths product variable (and
+// not part of the NativeCoverageExcludePaths product variable). Value "*" in
+// NativeCoveragePaths represents any path.
+func (c *deviceConfig) NativeCoverageEnabledForPath(path string) bool {
 	coverage := false
-	if c.config.productVariables.CoveragePaths != nil {
-		if InList("*", c.config.productVariables.CoveragePaths) || HasAnyPrefix(path, c.config.productVariables.CoveragePaths) {
+	if c.config.productVariables.NativeCoveragePaths != nil {
+		if InList("*", c.config.productVariables.NativeCoveragePaths) || HasAnyPrefix(path, c.config.productVariables.NativeCoveragePaths) {
 			coverage = true
 		}
 	}
-	if coverage && c.config.productVariables.CoverageExcludePaths != nil {
-		if HasAnyPrefix(path, c.config.productVariables.CoverageExcludePaths) {
+	if coverage && c.config.productVariables.NativeCoverageExcludePaths != nil {
+		if HasAnyPrefix(path, c.config.productVariables.NativeCoverageExcludePaths) {
 			coverage = false
 		}
 	}
diff --git a/android/variable.go b/android/variable.go
index 4da33259c..983c23567 100644
--- a/android/variable.go
+++ b/android/variable.go
@@ -253,11 +253,16 @@ type productVariables struct {
 
 	SamplingPGO *bool `json:",omitempty"`
 
-	NativeLineCoverage   *bool    `json:",omitempty"`
-	Native_coverage      *bool    `json:",omitempty"`
-	ClangCoverage        *bool    `json:",omitempty"`
-	CoveragePaths        []string `json:",omitempty"`
-	CoverageExcludePaths []string `json:",omitempty"`
+	JavaCoveragePaths        []string `json:",omitempty"`
+	JavaCoverageExcludePaths []string `json:",omitempty"`
+
+	GcovCoverage               *bool    `json:",omitempty"`
+	ClangCoverage              *bool    `json:",omitempty"`
+	NativeCoveragePaths        []string `json:",omitempty"`
+	NativeCoverageExcludePaths []string `json:",omitempty"`
+
+	// Set by NewConfig
+	Native_coverage *bool
 
 	DevicePrefer32BitApps        *bool `json:",omitempty"`
 	DevicePrefer32BitExecutables *bool `json:",omitempty"`
diff --git a/apex/apex.go b/apex/apex.go
index a63a8d60c..f9c9b87f3 100644
--- a/apex/apex.go
+++ b/apex/apex.go
@@ -1660,7 +1660,7 @@ func (a *apexBundle) IsSanitizerEnabled(ctx android.BaseModuleContext, sanitizer
 }
 
 func (a *apexBundle) IsNativeCoverageNeeded(ctx android.BaseModuleContext) bool {
-	return ctx.Device() && (ctx.DeviceConfig().NativeCoverageEnabled() || ctx.DeviceConfig().ClangCoverageEnabled())
+	return ctx.Device() && ctx.DeviceConfig().NativeCoverageEnabled()
 }
 
 func (a *apexBundle) PreventInstall() {
diff --git a/apex/vndk_test.go b/apex/vndk_test.go
index 523ac2630..8557faee1 100644
--- a/apex/vndk_test.go
+++ b/apex/vndk_test.go
@@ -155,6 +155,7 @@ func TestVndkApexUsesVendorVariant(t *testing.T) {
 				sdk_version: "current",
 			}
 		`, func(fs map[string][]byte, config android.Config) {
+			config.TestProductVariables.GcovCoverage = proptools.BoolPtr(true)
 			config.TestProductVariables.Native_coverage = proptools.BoolPtr(true)
 		})
 
diff --git a/cc/coverage.go b/cc/coverage.go
index bde07fd63..4431757d5 100644
--- a/cc/coverage.go
+++ b/cc/coverage.go
@@ -74,8 +74,8 @@ func (cov *coverage) deps(ctx DepsContext, deps Deps) Deps {
 }
 
 func (cov *coverage) flags(ctx ModuleContext, flags Flags, deps PathDeps) (Flags, PathDeps) {
-	gcovCoverage := ctx.DeviceConfig().NativeCoverageEnabled()
 	clangCoverage := ctx.DeviceConfig().ClangCoverageEnabled()
+	gcovCoverage := ctx.DeviceConfig().GcovCoverageEnabled()
 
 	if !gcovCoverage && !clangCoverage {
 		return flags, deps
@@ -151,7 +151,7 @@ func (cov *coverage) flags(ctx ModuleContext, flags Flags, deps PathDeps) (Flags
 
 func (cov *coverage) begin(ctx BaseModuleContext) {
 	// Coverage is disabled globally
-	if !ctx.DeviceConfig().NativeCoverageEnabled() && !ctx.DeviceConfig().ClangCoverageEnabled() {
+	if !ctx.DeviceConfig().NativeCoverageEnabled() {
 		return
 	}
 
@@ -175,7 +175,7 @@ func (cov *coverage) begin(ctx BaseModuleContext) {
 
 		if needCoverageVariant {
 			// Coverage variant is actually built with coverage if enabled for its module path
-			needCoverageBuild = ctx.DeviceConfig().CoverageEnabledForPath(ctx.ModuleDir())
+			needCoverageBuild = ctx.DeviceConfig().NativeCoverageEnabledForPath(ctx.ModuleDir())
 		}
 	}
 
diff --git a/java/app.go b/java/app.go
index 3f12e91c0..a0b208f75 100755
--- a/java/app.go
+++ b/java/app.go
@@ -952,7 +952,7 @@ func (a *AndroidApp) Privileged() bool {
 }
 
 func (a *AndroidApp) IsNativeCoverageNeeded(ctx android.BaseModuleContext) bool {
-	return ctx.Device() && (ctx.DeviceConfig().NativeCoverageEnabled() || ctx.DeviceConfig().ClangCoverageEnabled())
+	return ctx.Device() && ctx.DeviceConfig().NativeCoverageEnabled()
 }
 
 func (a *AndroidApp) PreventInstall() {
diff --git a/java/java.go b/java/java.go
index 5632ff586..72c91a5e0 100644
--- a/java/java.go
+++ b/java/java.go
@@ -633,7 +633,9 @@ type jniLib struct {
 }
 
 func (j *Module) shouldInstrument(ctx android.BaseModuleContext) bool {
-	return j.properties.Instrument && ctx.Config().IsEnvTrue("EMMA_INSTRUMENT")
+	return j.properties.Instrument &&
+		ctx.Config().IsEnvTrue("EMMA_INSTRUMENT") &&
+		ctx.DeviceConfig().JavaCoverageEnabledForPath(ctx.ModuleDir())
 }
 
 func (j *Module) shouldInstrumentStatic(ctx android.BaseModuleContext) bool {