The regular pile:
- A few improvements to the mutex code
- Documentation updates for atomics to clarify the difference between
cmpxchg() and try_cmpxchg() and to explain the forward progress
expectations.
- Simplification of the atomics fallback generator
- The addition of arch_atomic_long*() variants and generic arch_*()
bitops based on them.
- Add the missing might_sleep() invocations to the down*() operations of
semaphores.
The PREEMPT_RT locking core:
- Scheduler updates to support the state preserving mechanism for
'sleeping' spin- and rwlocks on RT. This mechanism is carefully
preserving the state of the task when blocking on a 'sleeping' spin- or
rwlock and takes regular wake-ups targeted at the same task into
account. The preserved or updated (via a regular wakeup) state is
restored when the lock has been acquired.
- Restructuring of the rtmutex code so it can be utilized and extended
for the RT specific lock variants.
- Restructuring of the ww_mutex code to allow sharing of the ww_mutex
specific functionality for rtmutex based ww_mutexes.
- Header file disentangling to allow substitution of the regular lock
implementations with the PREEMPT_RT variants without creating an
unmaintainable #ifdef mess.
- Shared base code for the PREEMPT_RT specific rw_semaphore and rwlock
implementations. Contrary to the regular rw_semaphores and rwlocks the
PREEMPT_RT implementation is writer unfair because it is infeasible to
do priority inheritance on multiple readers. Experience over the years
has shown that real-time workloads are not the typical workloads which
are sensitive to writer starvation. The alternative solution would be
to allow only a single reader which has been tried and discarded as it
is a major bottleneck especially for mmap_sem. Aside of that many of
the writer starvation critical usage sites have been converted to a
writer side mutex/spinlock and RCU read side protections in the past
decade so that the issue is less prominent than it used to be.
- The actual rtmutex based lock substitutions for PREEMPT_RT enabled
kernels which affect mutex, ww_mutex, rw_semaphore, spinlock_t and
rwlock_t. The spin/rw_lock*() functions disable migration across the
critical section to preserve the existing semantics vs. per CPU
variables.
- Rework of the futex REQUEUE_PI mechanism to handle the case of early
wake-ups which interleave with a re-queue operation to prevent the
situation that a task would be blocked on both the rtmutex associated
to the outer futex and the rtmutex based hash bucket spinlock.
While this situation cannot happen on !RT enabled kernels the changes
make the underlying concurrency problems easier to understand in
general. As a result the difference between !RT and RT kernels is
reduced to the handling of waiting for the critical section. !RT
kernels simply spin-wait as before and RT kernels utilize rcu_wait().
- The substitution of local_lock for PREEMPT_RT with a spinlock which
protects the critical section while staying preemptible. The CPU
locality is established by disabling migration.
The underlying concepts of this code have been in use in PREEMPT_RT for
way more than a decade. The code has been refactored several times over
the years and this final incarnation has been optimized once again to be
as non-intrusive as possible, i.e. the RT specific parts are mostly
isolated.
It has been extensively tested in the 5.14-rt patch series and it has
been verified that !RT kernels are not affected by these changes.
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Merge tag 'locking-core-2021-08-30' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip
Pull locking and atomics updates from Thomas Gleixner:
"The regular pile:
- A few improvements to the mutex code
- Documentation updates for atomics to clarify the difference between
cmpxchg() and try_cmpxchg() and to explain the forward progress
expectations.
- Simplification of the atomics fallback generator
- The addition of arch_atomic_long*() variants and generic arch_*()
bitops based on them.
- Add the missing might_sleep() invocations to the down*() operations
of semaphores.
The PREEMPT_RT locking core:
- Scheduler updates to support the state preserving mechanism for
'sleeping' spin- and rwlocks on RT.
This mechanism is carefully preserving the state of the task when
blocking on a 'sleeping' spin- or rwlock and takes regular wake-ups
targeted at the same task into account. The preserved or updated
(via a regular wakeup) state is restored when the lock has been
acquired.
- Restructuring of the rtmutex code so it can be utilized and
extended for the RT specific lock variants.
- Restructuring of the ww_mutex code to allow sharing of the ww_mutex
specific functionality for rtmutex based ww_mutexes.
- Header file disentangling to allow substitution of the regular lock
implementations with the PREEMPT_RT variants without creating an
unmaintainable #ifdef mess.
- Shared base code for the PREEMPT_RT specific rw_semaphore and
rwlock implementations.
Contrary to the regular rw_semaphores and rwlocks the PREEMPT_RT
implementation is writer unfair because it is infeasible to do
priority inheritance on multiple readers. Experience over the years
has shown that real-time workloads are not the typical workloads
which are sensitive to writer starvation.
The alternative solution would be to allow only a single reader
which has been tried and discarded as it is a major bottleneck
especially for mmap_sem. Aside of that many of the writer
starvation critical usage sites have been converted to a writer
side mutex/spinlock and RCU read side protections in the past
decade so that the issue is less prominent than it used to be.
- The actual rtmutex based lock substitutions for PREEMPT_RT enabled
kernels which affect mutex, ww_mutex, rw_semaphore, spinlock_t and
rwlock_t. The spin/rw_lock*() functions disable migration across
the critical section to preserve the existing semantics vs per-CPU
variables.
- Rework of the futex REQUEUE_PI mechanism to handle the case of
early wake-ups which interleave with a re-queue operation to
prevent the situation that a task would be blocked on both the
rtmutex associated to the outer futex and the rtmutex based hash
bucket spinlock.
While this situation cannot happen on !RT enabled kernels the
changes make the underlying concurrency problems easier to
understand in general. As a result the difference between !RT and
RT kernels is reduced to the handling of waiting for the critical
section. !RT kernels simply spin-wait as before and RT kernels
utilize rcu_wait().
- The substitution of local_lock for PREEMPT_RT with a spinlock which
protects the critical section while staying preemptible. The CPU
locality is established by disabling migration.
The underlying concepts of this code have been in use in PREEMPT_RT for
way more than a decade. The code has been refactored several times over
the years and this final incarnation has been optimized once again to be
as non-intrusive as possible, i.e. the RT specific parts are mostly
isolated.
It has been extensively tested in the 5.14-rt patch series and it has
been verified that !RT kernels are not affected by these changes"
* tag 'locking-core-2021-08-30' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip: (92 commits)
locking/rtmutex: Return success on deadlock for ww_mutex waiters
locking/rtmutex: Prevent spurious EDEADLK return caused by ww_mutexes
locking/rtmutex: Dequeue waiter on ww_mutex deadlock
locking/rtmutex: Dont dereference waiter lockless
locking/semaphore: Add might_sleep() to down_*() family
locking/ww_mutex: Initialize waiter.ww_ctx properly
static_call: Update API documentation
locking/local_lock: Add PREEMPT_RT support
locking/spinlock/rt: Prepare for RT local_lock
locking/rtmutex: Add adaptive spinwait mechanism
locking/rtmutex: Implement equal priority lock stealing
preempt: Adjust PREEMPT_LOCK_OFFSET for RT
locking/rtmutex: Prevent lockdep false positive with PI futexes
futex: Prevent requeue_pi() lock nesting issue on RT
futex: Simplify handle_early_requeue_pi_wakeup()
futex: Reorder sanity checks in futex_requeue()
futex: Clarify comment in futex_requeue()
futex: Restructure futex_requeue()
futex: Correct the number of requeued waiters for PI
futex: Remove bogus condition for requeue PI
...
e5e726f7bb