Fix two races in debuggerd's PTRACE_ATTACH logic:
1. The target thread in a crash dump request could exit between the
/proc/<pid>/task/<tid> check and the PTRACE_ATTACH.
2. Sibling threads could exit between listing /proc/<pid>/task and the
PTRACE_ATTACH.
Backport of NYC change I4dfe1ea30e2c211d2389321bd66e3684dd757591
Bug: http://b/29555636
Change-Id: I320f47216b21018d3f613cfbbaaff40b3548ef36