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ccid: add docs
Add documentation for the usb-ccid device and accompanying two card devices, ccid-card-emulated and ccid-card-passthru. Signed-off-by: Alon Levy <alevy@redhat.com>
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Alon Levy
Anthony Liguori
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Qemu CCID Device Documentation.
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Contents
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1. USB CCID device
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2. Building
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3. Using ccid-card-emulated with hardware
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4. Using ccid-card-emulated with certificates
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5. Using ccid-card-passthru with client side hardware
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6. Using ccid-card-passthru with client side certificates
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7. Passthrough protocol scenario
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8. libcacard
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1. USB CCID device
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The USB CCID device is a USB device implementing the CCID specification, which
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lets one connect smart card readers that implement the same spec. For more
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information see the specification:
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Universal Serial Bus
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Device Class: Smart Card
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CCID
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Specification for
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Integrated Circuit(s) Cards Interface Devices
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Revision 1.1
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April 22rd, 2005
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Smartcard are used for authentication, single sign on, decryption in
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public/private schemes and digital signatures. A smartcard reader on the client
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cannot be used on a guest with simple usb passthrough since it will then not be
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available on the client, possibly locking the computer when it is "removed". On
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the other hand this device can let you use the smartcard on both the client and
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the guest machine. It is also possible to have a completely virtual smart card
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reader and smart card (i.e. not backed by a physical device) using this device.
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2. Building
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The cryptographic functions and access to the physical card is done via NSS.
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Installing NSS:
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In redhat/fedora:
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yum install nss-devel
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In ubuntu/debian:
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apt-get install libnss3-dev
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(not tested on ubuntu)
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Configuring and building:
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./configure --enable-smartcard && make
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3. Using ccid-card-emulated with hardware
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Assuming you have a working smartcard on the host with the current
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user, using NSS, qemu acts as another NSS client using ccid-card-emulated:
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qemu -usb -device usb-ccid -device ccid-card-emualated
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4. Using ccid-card-emulated with certificates
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You must create the certificates. This is a one time process. We use NSS
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certificates:
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certutil -d /etc/pki/nssdb -x -t "CT,CT,CT" -S -s "CN=cert1" -n cert1
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Note: you must have exactly three certificates.
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Assuming the current user can access the certificates (use certutil -L to
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verify), you can use the emulated card type with the certificates backend:
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qemu -usb -device usb-ccid -device ccid-card-emulated,backend=certificates,cert1=cert1,cert2=cert2,cert3=cert3
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5. Using ccid-card-passthru with client side hardware
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on the host specify the ccid-card-passthru device with a suitable chardev:
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qemu -chardev socket,server,host=0.0.0.0,port=2001,id=ccid,nowait -usb -device usb-ccid -device ccid-card-passthru,chardev=ccid
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on the client run vscclient, built when you built the libcacard library:
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libcacard/vscclient <qemu-host> 2001
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6. Using ccid-card-passthru with client side certificates
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Run qemu as per #5, and run vscclient as follows:
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(Note: vscclient command line interface is in a state of change)
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libcacard/vscclient -e "db=\"/etc/pki/nssdb\" use_hw=no soft=(,Test,CAC,,cert1,cert2,cert3)" <qemu-host> 2001
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7. Passthrough protocol scenario
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This is a typical interchange of messages when using the passthru card device.
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usb-ccid is a usb device. It defaults to an unattached usb device on startup.
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usb-ccid expects a chardev and expects the protocol defined in
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cac_card/vscard_common.h to be passed over that.
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The usb-ccid device can be in one of three modes:
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* detached
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* attached with no card
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* attached with card
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A typical interchange is: (the arrow shows who started each exchange, it can be client
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originated or guest originated)
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client event | vscclient | passthru | usb-ccid | guest event
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----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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| VSC_Init | | |
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| VSC_ReaderAdd | | attach |
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| | | | sees new usb device.
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card inserted -> | | | |
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| VSC_ATR | insert | insert | see new card
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| | | |
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| VSC_APDU | VSC_APDU | | <- guest sends APDU
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client<->physical | | | |
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card APDU exchange| | | |
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client response ->| VSC_APDU | VSC_APDU | | receive APDU response
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...
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[APDU<->APDU repeats several times]
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...
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card removed -> | | | |
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| VSC_CardRemove | remove | remove | card removed
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...
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[(card insert, apdu's, card remove) repeat]
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...
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kill/quit | | | |
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vscclient | | | |
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| VSC_ReaderRemove | | detach |
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| | | | usb device removed.
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8. libcacard
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ccid-card-passthru and vscclient use libcacard as the card emulator.
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libcacard implements a completely virtual CAC (DoD standard for smart cards)
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compliant card and uses NSS to actually retrive certificates and do any
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encryption using the backend (real reader + card or file backed certificates).
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For documentation of cac_card see README in libcacard subdirectory.
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