diff --git a/scripts/qapi-types.py b/scripts/qapi-types.py
index 9c8d68cfb4..a429d9ec05 100644
--- a/scripts/qapi-types.py
+++ b/scripts/qapi-types.py
@@ -83,7 +83,7 @@ def generate_struct_fields(members):
 
 def generate_struct(expr):
 
-    structname = expr.get('type', "")
+    structname = expr.get('struct', "")
     fieldname = expr.get('field', "")
     members = expr['data']
     base = expr.get('base')
@@ -394,8 +394,8 @@ def maybe_open(really, name, opt):
 
 for expr in exprs:
     ret = "\n"
-    if expr.has_key('type'):
-        ret += generate_fwd_struct(expr['type'], expr['data'])
+    if expr.has_key('struct'):
+        ret += generate_fwd_struct(expr['struct'], expr['data'])
     elif expr.has_key('enum'):
         ret += generate_enum(expr['enum'], expr['data']) + "\n"
         ret += generate_fwd_enum_struct(expr['enum'], expr['data'])
@@ -435,12 +435,12 @@ def maybe_open(really, name, opt):
 
 for expr in exprs:
     ret = "\n"
-    if expr.has_key('type'):
+    if expr.has_key('struct'):
         ret += generate_struct(expr) + "\n"
-        ret += generate_type_cleanup_decl(expr['type'] + "List")
-        fdef.write(generate_type_cleanup(expr['type'] + "List") + "\n")
-        ret += generate_type_cleanup_decl(expr['type'])
-        fdef.write(generate_type_cleanup(expr['type']) + "\n")
+        ret += generate_type_cleanup_decl(expr['struct'] + "List")
+        fdef.write(generate_type_cleanup(expr['struct'] + "List") + "\n")
+        ret += generate_type_cleanup_decl(expr['struct'])
+        fdef.write(generate_type_cleanup(expr['struct']) + "\n")
     elif expr.has_key('union'):
         ret += generate_union(expr, 'union')
         ret += generate_type_cleanup_decl(expr['union'] + "List")
diff --git a/scripts/qapi-visit.py b/scripts/qapi-visit.py
index 9222671ff8..c739a95a87 100644
--- a/scripts/qapi-visit.py
+++ b/scripts/qapi-visit.py
@@ -178,7 +178,7 @@ def generate_visit_struct_body(field_prefix, name, members):
 
 def generate_visit_struct(expr):
 
-    name = expr['type']
+    name = expr['struct']
     members = expr['data']
     base = expr.get('base')
 
@@ -545,12 +545,12 @@ def maybe_open(really, name, opt):
         fdef.write(generate_visit_list(typename, None))
 
 for expr in exprs:
-    if expr.has_key('type'):
+    if expr.has_key('struct'):
         ret = generate_visit_struct(expr)
-        ret += generate_visit_list(expr['type'], expr['data'])
+        ret += generate_visit_list(expr['struct'], expr['data'])
         fdef.write(ret)
 
-        ret = generate_declaration(expr['type'], expr['data'])
+        ret = generate_declaration(expr['struct'], expr['data'])
         fdecl.write(ret)
     elif expr.has_key('union'):
         ret = generate_visit_union(expr)
diff --git a/scripts/qapi.py b/scripts/qapi.py
index e391b5a649..e50fec826b 100644
--- a/scripts/qapi.py
+++ b/scripts/qapi.py
@@ -419,7 +419,7 @@ def check_union(expr, expr_info):
     members = expr['data']
     values = { 'MAX': '(automatic)' }
 
-    # If the object has a member 'base', its value must name a complex type,
+    # If the object has a member 'base', its value must name a struct,
     # and there must be a discriminator.
     if base is not None:
         if discriminator is None:
@@ -448,18 +448,18 @@ def check_union(expr, expr_info):
         base_fields = find_base_fields(base)
         if not base_fields:
             raise QAPIExprError(expr_info,
-                                "Base '%s' is not a valid type"
+                                "Base '%s' is not a valid struct"
                                 % base)
 
         # The value of member 'discriminator' must name a non-optional
-        # member of the base type.
+        # member of the base struct.
         check_name(expr_info, "Discriminator of flat union '%s'" % name,
                    discriminator)
         discriminator_type = base_fields.get(discriminator)
         if not discriminator_type:
             raise QAPIExprError(expr_info,
                                 "Discriminator '%s' is not a member of base "
-                                "type '%s'"
+                                "struct '%s'"
                                 % (discriminator, base))
         enum_define = find_enum(discriminator_type)
         allow_metas=['struct']
@@ -546,12 +546,12 @@ def check_enum(expr, expr_info):
         values[key] = member
 
 def check_struct(expr, expr_info):
-    name = expr['type']
+    name = expr['struct']
     members = expr['data']
 
-    check_type(expr_info, "'data' for type '%s'" % name, members,
+    check_type(expr_info, "'data' for struct '%s'" % name, members,
                allow_dict=True, allow_optional=True)
-    check_type(expr_info, "'base' for type '%s'" % name, expr.get('base'),
+    check_type(expr_info, "'base' for struct '%s'" % name, expr.get('base'),
                allow_metas=['struct'])
 
 def check_exprs(schema):
@@ -565,7 +565,7 @@ def check_exprs(schema):
             check_union(expr, info)
         elif expr.has_key('alternate'):
             check_alternate(expr, info)
-        elif expr.has_key('type'):
+        elif expr.has_key('struct'):
             check_struct(expr, info)
         elif expr.has_key('command'):
             check_command(expr, info)
@@ -617,6 +617,20 @@ def parse_schema(input_file):
         for expr_elem in schema.exprs:
             expr = expr_elem['expr']
             info = expr_elem['info']
+
+            # back-compat hack until all schemas have been converted;
+            # preserve the ordering of the original expression
+            if expr.has_key('type'):
+                seen_type = False
+                for (key, value) in expr.items():
+                    if key == 'type':
+                        seen_type = True
+                        del expr['type']
+                        expr['struct'] = value
+                    elif seen_type:
+                        del expr[key]
+                        expr[key] = value
+
             if expr.has_key('enum'):
                 check_keys(expr_elem, 'enum', ['data'])
                 add_enum(expr['enum'], info, expr['data'])
@@ -627,8 +641,8 @@ def parse_schema(input_file):
             elif expr.has_key('alternate'):
                 check_keys(expr_elem, 'alternate', ['data'])
                 add_name(expr['alternate'], info, 'alternate')
-            elif expr.has_key('type'):
-                check_keys(expr_elem, 'type', ['data'], ['base'])
+            elif expr.has_key('struct'):
+                check_keys(expr_elem, 'struct', ['data'], ['base'])
                 add_struct(expr, info)
             elif expr.has_key('command'):
                 check_keys(expr_elem, 'command', [],
@@ -745,11 +759,9 @@ def type_name(name):
         return c_list_type(name[0])
     return name
 
-def add_name(name, info, meta, implicit = False, source = None):
+def add_name(name, info, meta, implicit = False):
     global all_names
-    if not source:
-        source = "'%s'" % meta
-    check_name(info, source, name)
+    check_name(info, "'%s'" % meta, name)
     if name in all_names:
         raise QAPIExprError(info,
                             "%s '%s' is already defined"
@@ -762,14 +774,14 @@ def add_name(name, info, meta, implicit = False, source = None):
 
 def add_struct(definition, info):
     global struct_types
-    name = definition['type']
-    add_name(name, info, 'struct', source="'type'")
+    name = definition['struct']
+    add_name(name, info, 'struct')
     struct_types.append(definition)
 
 def find_struct(name):
     global struct_types
     for struct in struct_types:
-        if struct['type'] == name:
+        if struct['struct'] == name:
             return struct
     return None
 
diff --git a/tests/qapi-schema/alternate-good.out b/tests/qapi-schema/alternate-good.out
index c3a6b7723c..99848eefbb 100644
--- a/tests/qapi-schema/alternate-good.out
+++ b/tests/qapi-schema/alternate-good.out
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
-[OrderedDict([('type', 'Data'), ('data', OrderedDict([('*number', 'int'), ('*name', 'str')]))]),
+[OrderedDict([('struct', 'Data'), ('data', OrderedDict([('*number', 'int'), ('*name', 'str')]))]),
  OrderedDict([('enum', 'Enum'), ('data', ['hello', 'world'])]),
  OrderedDict([('alternate', 'Alt'), ('data', OrderedDict([('value', 'int'), ('string', 'Enum'), ('struct', 'Data')]))])]
 [{'enum_name': 'Enum', 'enum_values': ['hello', 'world']},
  {'enum_name': 'AltKind', 'enum_values': None}]
-[OrderedDict([('type', 'Data'), ('data', OrderedDict([('*number', 'int'), ('*name', 'str')]))])]
+[OrderedDict([('struct', 'Data'), ('data', OrderedDict([('*number', 'int'), ('*name', 'str')]))])]
diff --git a/tests/qapi-schema/bad-base.err b/tests/qapi-schema/bad-base.err
index f398bbb7d3..154274bdd3 100644
--- a/tests/qapi-schema/bad-base.err
+++ b/tests/qapi-schema/bad-base.err
@@ -1 +1 @@
-tests/qapi-schema/bad-base.json:3: 'base' for type 'MyType' cannot use union type 'Union'
+tests/qapi-schema/bad-base.json:3: 'base' for struct 'MyType' cannot use union type 'Union'
diff --git a/tests/qapi-schema/bad-ident.err b/tests/qapi-schema/bad-ident.err
index 42b490ce0b..c4190602b5 100644
--- a/tests/qapi-schema/bad-ident.err
+++ b/tests/qapi-schema/bad-ident.err
@@ -1 +1 @@
-tests/qapi-schema/bad-ident.json:2: 'type' does not allow optional name '*oops'
+tests/qapi-schema/bad-ident.json:2: 'struct' does not allow optional name '*oops'
diff --git a/tests/qapi-schema/bad-type-bool.err b/tests/qapi-schema/bad-type-bool.err
index de6168c82d..62fd70baaf 100644
--- a/tests/qapi-schema/bad-type-bool.err
+++ b/tests/qapi-schema/bad-type-bool.err
@@ -1 +1 @@
-tests/qapi-schema/bad-type-bool.json:2: 'type' key must have a string value
+tests/qapi-schema/bad-type-bool.json:2: 'struct' key must have a string value
diff --git a/tests/qapi-schema/data-member-array.out b/tests/qapi-schema/data-member-array.out
index 82871204ed..c39fa25484 100644
--- a/tests/qapi-schema/data-member-array.out
+++ b/tests/qapi-schema/data-member-array.out
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 [OrderedDict([('enum', 'abc'), ('data', ['a', 'b', 'c'])]),
- OrderedDict([('type', 'def'), ('data', OrderedDict([('array', ['abc'])]))]),
+ OrderedDict([('struct', 'def'), ('data', OrderedDict([('array', ['abc'])]))]),
  OrderedDict([('command', 'okay'), ('data', OrderedDict([('member1', ['int']), ('member2', ['def'])]))])]
 [{'enum_name': 'abc', 'enum_values': ['a', 'b', 'c']}]
-[OrderedDict([('type', 'def'), ('data', OrderedDict([('array', ['abc'])]))])]
+[OrderedDict([('struct', 'def'), ('data', OrderedDict([('array', ['abc'])]))])]
diff --git a/tests/qapi-schema/double-type.err b/tests/qapi-schema/double-type.err
index ceb6e46cfe..f9613c6d6b 100644
--- a/tests/qapi-schema/double-type.err
+++ b/tests/qapi-schema/double-type.err
@@ -1 +1 @@
-tests/qapi-schema/double-type.json:2: Unknown key 'command' in type 'bar'
+tests/qapi-schema/double-type.json:2: Unknown key 'command' in struct 'bar'
diff --git a/tests/qapi-schema/flat-union-bad-base.json b/tests/qapi-schema/flat-union-bad-base.json
index bb0f02d298..d41c80c3bd 100644
--- a/tests/qapi-schema/flat-union-bad-base.json
+++ b/tests/qapi-schema/flat-union-bad-base.json
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-# we require the base to be an existing complex type
+# we require the base to be an existing struct
 # TODO: should we allow an anonymous inline base type?
 { 'enum': 'TestEnum',
   'data': [ 'value1', 'value2' ] }
diff --git a/tests/qapi-schema/flat-union-base-star.err b/tests/qapi-schema/flat-union-base-star.err
index 60e47efab5..b7748f08bf 100644
--- a/tests/qapi-schema/flat-union-base-star.err
+++ b/tests/qapi-schema/flat-union-base-star.err
@@ -1 +1 @@
-tests/qapi-schema/flat-union-base-star.json:8: Base '**' is not a valid type
+tests/qapi-schema/flat-union-base-star.json:8: Base '**' is not a valid struct
diff --git a/tests/qapi-schema/flat-union-base-star.json b/tests/qapi-schema/flat-union-base-star.json
index 994533a514..76724075b1 100644
--- a/tests/qapi-schema/flat-union-base-star.json
+++ b/tests/qapi-schema/flat-union-base-star.json
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-# we require the base to be an existing complex type
+# we require the base to be an existing struct
 { 'enum': 'TestEnum',
   'data': [ 'value1', 'value2' ] }
 { 'type': 'TestTypeA',
diff --git a/tests/qapi-schema/flat-union-base-union.err b/tests/qapi-schema/flat-union-base-union.err
index 185bf51a72..ede9859a39 100644
--- a/tests/qapi-schema/flat-union-base-union.err
+++ b/tests/qapi-schema/flat-union-base-union.err
@@ -1 +1 @@
-tests/qapi-schema/flat-union-base-union.json:11: Base 'UnionBase' is not a valid type
+tests/qapi-schema/flat-union-base-union.json:11: Base 'UnionBase' is not a valid struct
diff --git a/tests/qapi-schema/flat-union-base-union.json b/tests/qapi-schema/flat-union-base-union.json
index 838986c48a..0ba6e28d3b 100644
--- a/tests/qapi-schema/flat-union-base-union.json
+++ b/tests/qapi-schema/flat-union-base-union.json
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-# FIXME: the error message needs help: we require the base to be a struct
+# we require the base to be a struct
 { 'enum': 'TestEnum',
   'data': [ 'value1', 'value2' ] }
 { 'type': 'TestTypeA',
diff --git a/tests/qapi-schema/flat-union-branch-clash.out b/tests/qapi-schema/flat-union-branch-clash.out
index 5d541133b9..04c239565e 100644
--- a/tests/qapi-schema/flat-union-branch-clash.out
+++ b/tests/qapi-schema/flat-union-branch-clash.out
@@ -1,9 +1,9 @@
 [OrderedDict([('enum', 'TestEnum'), ('data', ['value1', 'value2'])]),
- OrderedDict([('type', 'Base'), ('data', OrderedDict([('enum1', 'TestEnum'), ('name', 'str')]))]),
- OrderedDict([('type', 'Branch1'), ('data', OrderedDict([('name', 'str')]))]),
- OrderedDict([('type', 'Branch2'), ('data', OrderedDict([('value', 'int')]))]),
+ OrderedDict([('struct', 'Base'), ('data', OrderedDict([('enum1', 'TestEnum'), ('name', 'str')]))]),
+ OrderedDict([('struct', 'Branch1'), ('data', OrderedDict([('name', 'str')]))]),
+ OrderedDict([('struct', 'Branch2'), ('data', OrderedDict([('value', 'int')]))]),
  OrderedDict([('union', 'TestUnion'), ('base', 'Base'), ('discriminator', 'enum1'), ('data', OrderedDict([('value1', 'Branch1'), ('value2', 'Branch2')]))])]
 [{'enum_name': 'TestEnum', 'enum_values': ['value1', 'value2']}]
-[OrderedDict([('type', 'Base'), ('data', OrderedDict([('enum1', 'TestEnum'), ('name', 'str')]))]),
- OrderedDict([('type', 'Branch1'), ('data', OrderedDict([('name', 'str')]))]),
- OrderedDict([('type', 'Branch2'), ('data', OrderedDict([('value', 'int')]))])]
+[OrderedDict([('struct', 'Base'), ('data', OrderedDict([('enum1', 'TestEnum'), ('name', 'str')]))]),
+ OrderedDict([('struct', 'Branch1'), ('data', OrderedDict([('name', 'str')]))]),
+ OrderedDict([('struct', 'Branch2'), ('data', OrderedDict([('value', 'int')]))])]
diff --git a/tests/qapi-schema/flat-union-inline.json b/tests/qapi-schema/flat-union-inline.json
index f3da1175f8..65c15d0a1e 100644
--- a/tests/qapi-schema/flat-union-inline.json
+++ b/tests/qapi-schema/flat-union-inline.json
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-# we require branches to be a complex type name
+# we require branches to be a struct name
 # TODO: should we allow anonymous inline types?
 { 'enum': 'TestEnum',
   'data': [ 'value1', 'value2' ] }
diff --git a/tests/qapi-schema/flat-union-int-branch.json b/tests/qapi-schema/flat-union-int-branch.json
index d373131653..ee93cf803a 100644
--- a/tests/qapi-schema/flat-union-int-branch.json
+++ b/tests/qapi-schema/flat-union-int-branch.json
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-# we require flat union branches to be a complex type
+# we require flat union branches to be a struct
 { 'enum': 'TestEnum',
   'data': [ 'value1', 'value2' ] }
 { 'type': 'Base',
diff --git a/tests/qapi-schema/flat-union-invalid-discriminator.err b/tests/qapi-schema/flat-union-invalid-discriminator.err
index 790b6759b8..5f4055614e 100644
--- a/tests/qapi-schema/flat-union-invalid-discriminator.err
+++ b/tests/qapi-schema/flat-union-invalid-discriminator.err
@@ -1 +1 @@
-tests/qapi-schema/flat-union-invalid-discriminator.json:13: Discriminator 'enum_wrong' is not a member of base type 'TestBase'
+tests/qapi-schema/flat-union-invalid-discriminator.json:13: Discriminator 'enum_wrong' is not a member of base struct 'TestBase'
diff --git a/tests/qapi-schema/flat-union-reverse-define.out b/tests/qapi-schema/flat-union-reverse-define.out
index 03c952e28a..1ed7b8a519 100644
--- a/tests/qapi-schema/flat-union-reverse-define.out
+++ b/tests/qapi-schema/flat-union-reverse-define.out
@@ -1,9 +1,9 @@
 [OrderedDict([('union', 'TestUnion'), ('base', 'TestBase'), ('discriminator', 'enum1'), ('data', OrderedDict([('value1', 'TestTypeA'), ('value2', 'TestTypeB')]))]),
- OrderedDict([('type', 'TestBase'), ('data', OrderedDict([('enum1', 'TestEnum')]))]),
+ OrderedDict([('struct', 'TestBase'), ('data', OrderedDict([('enum1', 'TestEnum')]))]),
  OrderedDict([('enum', 'TestEnum'), ('data', ['value1', 'value2'])]),
- OrderedDict([('type', 'TestTypeA'), ('data', OrderedDict([('string', 'str')]))]),
- OrderedDict([('type', 'TestTypeB'), ('data', OrderedDict([('integer', 'int')]))])]
+ OrderedDict([('struct', 'TestTypeA'), ('data', OrderedDict([('string', 'str')]))]),
+ OrderedDict([('struct', 'TestTypeB'), ('data', OrderedDict([('integer', 'int')]))])]
 [{'enum_name': 'TestEnum', 'enum_values': ['value1', 'value2']}]
-[OrderedDict([('type', 'TestBase'), ('data', OrderedDict([('enum1', 'TestEnum')]))]),
- OrderedDict([('type', 'TestTypeA'), ('data', OrderedDict([('string', 'str')]))]),
- OrderedDict([('type', 'TestTypeB'), ('data', OrderedDict([('integer', 'int')]))])]
+[OrderedDict([('struct', 'TestBase'), ('data', OrderedDict([('enum1', 'TestEnum')]))]),
+ OrderedDict([('struct', 'TestTypeA'), ('data', OrderedDict([('string', 'str')]))]),
+ OrderedDict([('struct', 'TestTypeB'), ('data', OrderedDict([('integer', 'int')]))])]
diff --git a/tests/qapi-schema/qapi-schema-test.out b/tests/qapi-schema/qapi-schema-test.out
index 313ecf3ad3..83ab1a5139 100644
--- a/tests/qapi-schema/qapi-schema-test.out
+++ b/tests/qapi-schema/qapi-schema-test.out
@@ -1,13 +1,13 @@
 [OrderedDict([('enum', 'EnumOne'), ('data', ['value1', 'value2', 'value3'])]),
- OrderedDict([('type', 'NestedEnumsOne'), ('data', OrderedDict([('enum1', 'EnumOne'), ('*enum2', 'EnumOne'), ('enum3', 'EnumOne'), ('*enum4', 'EnumOne')]))]),
- OrderedDict([('type', 'UserDefZero'), ('data', OrderedDict([('integer', 'int')]))]),
- OrderedDict([('type', 'UserDefOne'), ('base', 'UserDefZero'), ('data', OrderedDict([('string', 'str'), ('*enum1', 'EnumOne')]))]),
- OrderedDict([('type', 'UserDefTwo'), ('data', OrderedDict([('string', 'str'), ('dict', OrderedDict([('string', 'str'), ('dict', OrderedDict([('userdef', 'UserDefOne'), ('string', 'str')])), ('*dict2', OrderedDict([('userdef', 'UserDefOne'), ('string', 'str')]))]))]))]),
- OrderedDict([('type', 'UserDefNested'), ('data', OrderedDict([('string0', 'str'), ('dict1', OrderedDict([('string1', 'str'), ('dict2', OrderedDict([('userdef1', 'UserDefOne'), ('string2', 'str')])), ('*dict3', OrderedDict([('userdef2', 'UserDefOne'), ('string3', 'str')]))]))]))]),
- OrderedDict([('type', 'UserDefA'), ('data', OrderedDict([('boolean', 'bool')]))]),
- OrderedDict([('type', 'UserDefB'), ('data', OrderedDict([('integer', 'int')]))]),
- OrderedDict([('type', 'UserDefC'), ('data', OrderedDict([('string1', 'str'), ('string2', 'str')]))]),
- OrderedDict([('type', 'UserDefUnionBase'), ('data', OrderedDict([('string', 'str'), ('enum1', 'EnumOne')]))]),
+ OrderedDict([('struct', 'NestedEnumsOne'), ('data', OrderedDict([('enum1', 'EnumOne'), ('*enum2', 'EnumOne'), ('enum3', 'EnumOne'), ('*enum4', 'EnumOne')]))]),
+ OrderedDict([('struct', 'UserDefZero'), ('data', OrderedDict([('integer', 'int')]))]),
+ OrderedDict([('struct', 'UserDefOne'), ('base', 'UserDefZero'), ('data', OrderedDict([('string', 'str'), ('*enum1', 'EnumOne')]))]),
+ OrderedDict([('struct', 'UserDefTwo'), ('data', OrderedDict([('string', 'str'), ('dict', OrderedDict([('string', 'str'), ('dict', OrderedDict([('userdef', 'UserDefOne'), ('string', 'str')])), ('*dict2', OrderedDict([('userdef', 'UserDefOne'), ('string', 'str')]))]))]))]),
+ OrderedDict([('struct', 'UserDefNested'), ('data', OrderedDict([('string0', 'str'), ('dict1', OrderedDict([('string1', 'str'), ('dict2', OrderedDict([('userdef1', 'UserDefOne'), ('string2', 'str')])), ('*dict3', OrderedDict([('userdef2', 'UserDefOne'), ('string3', 'str')]))]))]))]),
+ OrderedDict([('struct', 'UserDefA'), ('data', OrderedDict([('boolean', 'bool')]))]),
+ OrderedDict([('struct', 'UserDefB'), ('data', OrderedDict([('integer', 'int')]))]),
+ OrderedDict([('struct', 'UserDefC'), ('data', OrderedDict([('string1', 'str'), ('string2', 'str')]))]),
+ OrderedDict([('struct', 'UserDefUnionBase'), ('data', OrderedDict([('string', 'str'), ('enum1', 'EnumOne')]))]),
  OrderedDict([('union', 'UserDefFlatUnion'), ('base', 'UserDefUnionBase'), ('discriminator', 'enum1'), ('data', OrderedDict([('value1', 'UserDefA'), ('value2', 'UserDefB'), ('value3', 'UserDefB')]))]),
  OrderedDict([('union', 'UserDefFlatUnion2'), ('base', 'UserDefUnionBase'), ('discriminator', 'enum1'), ('data', OrderedDict([('value1', 'UserDefC'), ('value2', 'UserDefB'), ('value3', 'UserDefA')]))]),
  OrderedDict([('alternate', 'UserDefAlternate'), ('data', OrderedDict([('uda', 'UserDefA'), ('s', 'str'), ('i', 'int')]))]),
@@ -16,8 +16,8 @@
  OrderedDict([('command', 'user_def_cmd1'), ('data', OrderedDict([('ud1a', 'UserDefOne')]))]),
  OrderedDict([('command', 'user_def_cmd2'), ('data', OrderedDict([('ud1a', 'UserDefOne'), ('*ud1b', 'UserDefOne')])), ('returns', 'UserDefTwo')]),
  OrderedDict([('command', 'user_def_cmd3'), ('data', OrderedDict([('a', 'int'), ('*b', 'int')])), ('returns', 'int')]),
- OrderedDict([('type', 'UserDefOptions'), ('data', OrderedDict([('*i64', ['int']), ('*u64', ['uint64']), ('*u16', ['uint16']), ('*i64x', 'int'), ('*u64x', 'uint64')]))]),
- OrderedDict([('type', 'EventStructOne'), ('data', OrderedDict([('struct1', 'UserDefOne'), ('string', 'str'), ('*enum2', 'EnumOne')]))]),
+ OrderedDict([('struct', 'UserDefOptions'), ('data', OrderedDict([('*i64', ['int']), ('*u64', ['uint64']), ('*u16', ['uint16']), ('*i64x', 'int'), ('*u64x', 'uint64')]))]),
+ OrderedDict([('struct', 'EventStructOne'), ('data', OrderedDict([('struct1', 'UserDefOne'), ('string', 'str'), ('*enum2', 'EnumOne')]))]),
  OrderedDict([('event', 'EVENT_A')]),
  OrderedDict([('event', 'EVENT_B'), ('data', OrderedDict())]),
  OrderedDict([('event', 'EVENT_C'), ('data', OrderedDict([('*a', 'int'), ('*b', 'UserDefOne'), ('c', 'str')]))]),
@@ -25,14 +25,14 @@
 [{'enum_name': 'EnumOne', 'enum_values': ['value1', 'value2', 'value3']},
  {'enum_name': 'UserDefAlternateKind', 'enum_values': None},
  {'enum_name': 'UserDefNativeListUnionKind', 'enum_values': None}]
-[OrderedDict([('type', 'NestedEnumsOne'), ('data', OrderedDict([('enum1', 'EnumOne'), ('*enum2', 'EnumOne'), ('enum3', 'EnumOne'), ('*enum4', 'EnumOne')]))]),
- OrderedDict([('type', 'UserDefZero'), ('data', OrderedDict([('integer', 'int')]))]),
- OrderedDict([('type', 'UserDefOne'), ('base', 'UserDefZero'), ('data', OrderedDict([('string', 'str'), ('*enum1', 'EnumOne')]))]),
- OrderedDict([('type', 'UserDefTwo'), ('data', OrderedDict([('string', 'str'), ('dict', OrderedDict([('string', 'str'), ('dict', OrderedDict([('userdef', 'UserDefOne'), ('string', 'str')])), ('*dict2', OrderedDict([('userdef', 'UserDefOne'), ('string', 'str')]))]))]))]),
- OrderedDict([('type', 'UserDefNested'), ('data', OrderedDict([('string0', 'str'), ('dict1', OrderedDict([('string1', 'str'), ('dict2', OrderedDict([('userdef1', 'UserDefOne'), ('string2', 'str')])), ('*dict3', OrderedDict([('userdef2', 'UserDefOne'), ('string3', 'str')]))]))]))]),
- OrderedDict([('type', 'UserDefA'), ('data', OrderedDict([('boolean', 'bool')]))]),
- OrderedDict([('type', 'UserDefB'), ('data', OrderedDict([('integer', 'int')]))]),
- OrderedDict([('type', 'UserDefC'), ('data', OrderedDict([('string1', 'str'), ('string2', 'str')]))]),
- OrderedDict([('type', 'UserDefUnionBase'), ('data', OrderedDict([('string', 'str'), ('enum1', 'EnumOne')]))]),
- OrderedDict([('type', 'UserDefOptions'), ('data', OrderedDict([('*i64', ['int']), ('*u64', ['uint64']), ('*u16', ['uint16']), ('*i64x', 'int'), ('*u64x', 'uint64')]))]),
- OrderedDict([('type', 'EventStructOne'), ('data', OrderedDict([('struct1', 'UserDefOne'), ('string', 'str'), ('*enum2', 'EnumOne')]))])]
+[OrderedDict([('struct', 'NestedEnumsOne'), ('data', OrderedDict([('enum1', 'EnumOne'), ('*enum2', 'EnumOne'), ('enum3', 'EnumOne'), ('*enum4', 'EnumOne')]))]),
+ OrderedDict([('struct', 'UserDefZero'), ('data', OrderedDict([('integer', 'int')]))]),
+ OrderedDict([('struct', 'UserDefOne'), ('base', 'UserDefZero'), ('data', OrderedDict([('string', 'str'), ('*enum1', 'EnumOne')]))]),
+ OrderedDict([('struct', 'UserDefTwo'), ('data', OrderedDict([('string', 'str'), ('dict', OrderedDict([('string', 'str'), ('dict', OrderedDict([('userdef', 'UserDefOne'), ('string', 'str')])), ('*dict2', OrderedDict([('userdef', 'UserDefOne'), ('string', 'str')]))]))]))]),
+ OrderedDict([('struct', 'UserDefNested'), ('data', OrderedDict([('string0', 'str'), ('dict1', OrderedDict([('string1', 'str'), ('dict2', OrderedDict([('userdef1', 'UserDefOne'), ('string2', 'str')])), ('*dict3', OrderedDict([('userdef2', 'UserDefOne'), ('string3', 'str')]))]))]))]),
+ OrderedDict([('struct', 'UserDefA'), ('data', OrderedDict([('boolean', 'bool')]))]),
+ OrderedDict([('struct', 'UserDefB'), ('data', OrderedDict([('integer', 'int')]))]),
+ OrderedDict([('struct', 'UserDefC'), ('data', OrderedDict([('string1', 'str'), ('string2', 'str')]))]),
+ OrderedDict([('struct', 'UserDefUnionBase'), ('data', OrderedDict([('string', 'str'), ('enum1', 'EnumOne')]))]),
+ OrderedDict([('struct', 'UserDefOptions'), ('data', OrderedDict([('*i64', ['int']), ('*u64', ['uint64']), ('*u16', ['uint16']), ('*i64x', 'int'), ('*u64x', 'uint64')]))]),
+ OrderedDict([('struct', 'EventStructOne'), ('data', OrderedDict([('struct1', 'UserDefOne'), ('string', 'str'), ('*enum2', 'EnumOne')]))])]
diff --git a/tests/qapi-schema/union-invalid-base.err b/tests/qapi-schema/union-invalid-base.err
index 3cc82c0701..9f637963e8 100644
--- a/tests/qapi-schema/union-invalid-base.err
+++ b/tests/qapi-schema/union-invalid-base.err
@@ -1 +1 @@
-tests/qapi-schema/union-invalid-base.json:8: Base 'int' is not a valid type
+tests/qapi-schema/union-invalid-base.json:8: Base 'int' is not a valid struct
diff --git a/tests/qapi-schema/unknown-expr-key.err b/tests/qapi-schema/unknown-expr-key.err
index 0a35bfdbd6..12f5ed5b43 100644
--- a/tests/qapi-schema/unknown-expr-key.err
+++ b/tests/qapi-schema/unknown-expr-key.err
@@ -1 +1 @@
-tests/qapi-schema/unknown-expr-key.json:2: Unknown key 'bogus' in type 'bar'
+tests/qapi-schema/unknown-expr-key.json:2: Unknown key 'bogus' in struct 'bar'