The entries for libhw* are no longer needed in .gitignore.
There is also no longer a difference between common-obj-y and
hw-obj-y, so one of those two macros is sufficient.
Signed-off-by: Stefan Weil <sw@weilnetz.de>
Signed-off-by: Anthony Liguori <aliguori@us.ibm.com>
This patch cleans up return sentences in the end of void functions.
Reported-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Amos Kong <akong@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Stefan Hajnoczi <stefanha@gmail.com>
In all of these cases, the uses of strncpy were unnecessary, since
at each point of use we know that the NUL-terminated source bytes
fit in the destination buffer. Use memcpy in place of strncpy.
Acked-by: Aneesh Kumar K.V <aneesh.kumar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Jim Meyering <meyering@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Anthony Liguori <aliguori@us.ibm.com>
v9fs_add_dir_node and qemu_v9fs_synth_add_file used strncpy
to form node->name, which requires NUL-termination, but
strncpy does not ensure NUL-termination.
Use pstrcpy, which does.
Acked-by: Aneesh Kumar K.V <aneesh.kumar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Jim Meyering <meyering@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Anthony Liguori <aliguori@us.ibm.com>
For 9p we can get the attach request multiple times for the
same export. So don't adding migration blocker for every
attach request.
Signed-off-by: Aneesh Kumar K.V <aneesh.kumar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
* mjt/mjt-iov2:
rewrite iov_send_recv() and move it to iov.c
cleanup qemu_co_sendv(), qemu_co_recvv() and friends
export iov_send_recv() and use it in iov_send() and iov_recv()
rename qemu_sendv to iov_send, change proto and move declarations to iov.h
change qemu_iovec_to_buf() to match other to,from_buf functions
consolidate qemu_iovec_copy() and qemu_iovec_concat() and make them consistent
allow qemu_iovec_from_buffer() to specify offset from which to start copying
consolidate qemu_iovec_memset{,_skip}() into single function and use existing iov_memset()
rewrite iov_* functions
change iov_* function prototypes to be more appropriate
virtio-serial-bus: use correct lengths in control_out() message
Conflicts:
tests/Makefile
Signed-off-by: Anthony Liguori <aliguori@us.ibm.com>
qemu_iovec_concat() is currently a wrapper for
qemu_iovec_copy(), use the former (with extra
"0" arg) in a few places where it is used.
Change skip argument of qemu_iovec_copy() from
uint64_t to size_t, since size of qiov itself
is size_t, so there's no way to skip larger
sizes. Rename it to soffset, to make it clear
that the offset is applied to src.
Also change the only usage of uint64_t in
hw/9pfs/virtio-9p.c, in v9fs_init_qiov_from_pdu() -
all callers of it actually uses size_t too,
not uint64_t.
One added restriction: as for all other iovec-related
functions, soffset must point inside src.
Order of argumens is already good:
qemu_iovec_memset(QEMUIOVector *qiov, size_t offset,
int c, size_t bytes)
vs:
qemu_iovec_concat(QEMUIOVector *dst,
QEMUIOVector *src,
size_t soffset, size_t sbytes)
(note soffset is after _src_ not dst, since it applies to src;
for memset it applies to qiov).
Note that in many places where this function is used,
the previous call is qemu_iovec_reset(), which means
many callers actually want copy (replacing dst content),
not concat. So we may want to add a wrapper like
qemu_iovec_copy() with the same arguments but which
calls qemu_iovec_reset() before _concat().
Signed-off-by: Michael Tokarev <mjt@tls.msk.ru>
This completes the move to nested Makefiles for virtio and a few
other files that were not part of obj-TARGET-y, but still were
compiled separately for each target.
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
After this patch, the libhw* directories will have a hierarchy
that mimics the source tree. This is useful because we do have
a couple of files there that are in the top source directory.
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Replace device_init() with generalized type_init().
While at it, unify naming convention: type_init([$prefix_]register_types)
Also, type_init() is a function, so add preceding blank line where
necessary and don't put a semicolon after the closing brace.
Signed-off-by: Andreas Färber <afaerber@suse.de>
Cc: Anthony Liguori <anthony@codemonkey.ws>
Cc: malc <av1474@comtv.ru>
Signed-off-by: Anthony Liguori <aliguori@us.ibm.com>
* aneesh/for-upstream:
hw/9pfs: Remove O_NOATIME flag from 9pfs open() calls in readonly mode
hw/9pfs: Update MAINTAINERS file
fsdev: Fix parameter parsing for proxy helper
hw/9pfs: Fix crash when mounting with synthfs
hw/9pfs: Preserve S_ISGID
hw/9pfs: Add new security model mapped-file.
This was done in a mostly automated fashion. I did it in three steps and then
rebased it into a single step which avoids repeatedly touching every file in
the tree.
The first step was a sed-based addition of the parent type to the subclass
registration functions.
The second step was another sed-based removal of subclass registration functions
while also adding virtual functions from the base class into a class_init
function as appropriate.
Finally, a python script was used to convert the DeviceInfo structures and
qdev_register_subclass functions to TypeInfo structures, class_init functions,
and type_register_static calls.
We are almost fully converted to QOM after this commit.
Signed-off-by: Anthony Liguori <aliguori@us.ibm.com>
When 2c74c2cb4b added support for
the 'readonly' flag against 9p filesystems, it also made QEMU
add the O_NOATIME flag as a side-effect.
The O_NOATIME flag, however, may only be set by the file owner,
or a user with CAP_FOWNER capability. QEMU cannot assume that
this is the case for filesytems exported to QEMU.
eg, run QEMU as non-root, and attempt to pass the host OS
filesystem through to the guest OS with readonly enable.
The result is that the guest OS cannot open any files at
all.
If O_NOATIME is really required, it should be optionally
enabled via a separate QEMU command line flag.
* hw/9pfs/virtio-9p.c: Remove O_NOATIME
Acked-by: M. Mohan Kumar <mohan@in.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Daniel P. Berrange <berrange@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Aneesh Kumar K.V <aneesh.kumar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
In passthrough security model in local fs driver, after a file creation
chown and chmod are done to set the file credentials and mode as requested
by 9p client. But if there was a request to create a file with S_ISGID
bit, doing chown on that file resets the S_ISGID bit. So first call
chown and then invoking chmod with proper mode bit retains the S_ISGID
(if present/requested)
This resulted in LTP mknod02, mknod03, mknod05, open10 test case
failures. This patch fixes this issue.
man 2 chown
When the owner or group of an executable file are changed by an unprivileged
user the S_ISUID and S_ISGID mode bits are cleared. POSIX does not specify
whether this also should happen when root does the chown(); the Linux behavior
depends on the kernel version.
Signed-off-by: M. Mohan Kumar <mohan@in.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Aneesh Kumar K.V <aneesh.kumar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
These are various small stylistic changes which help make things more
consistent such that the automated conversion script can be simpler.
It's not necessary to agree or disagree with these style changes because all
of this code is going to be rewritten by the patch monkey script anyway.
Signed-off-by: Anthony Liguori <aliguori@us.ibm.com>
This enable us to do passthrough equivalent security model on NFS directory.
NFS server mostly do root squashing and don't support xattr. Hence we cannot
use 'passthrough' or 'mapped' security model
Also added "mapped-xattr" security to indicate earlier "mapped" security model
Older name is still supported.
POSIX rules regarding ctime update on chmod are not followed by this security model.
Signed-off-by: Aneesh Kumar K.V <aneesh.kumar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Fix a compile failure on 32 bit hosts (integer constant is too large
for 'unsigned long' type) by correcting a typo where the mask used
for filling in the second f_fsid word had too many 'F's in it.
Also drop the 'L' suffix that allowed this typo to go undetected on
64 bit hosts.
Signed-off-by: Peter Maydell <peter.maydell@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Anthony Liguori <aliguori@us.ibm.com>
Add option to use named socket for communicating between proxy helper
and qemu proxy FS. Access to socket can be given by using command line
options -u and -g.
Signed-off-by: M. Mohan Kumar <mohan@in.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Aneesh Kumar K.V <aneesh.kumar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Add proxy getversion to get generation number
Signed-off-by: M. Mohan Kumar <mohan@in.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Aneesh Kumar K.V <aneesh.kumar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Add interfaces to open and create files for proxy file system driver.
Signed-off-by: M. Mohan Kumar <mohan@in.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Aneesh Kumar K.V <aneesh.kumar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Provide root privilege access to QEMU 9p proxy filesystem using socket
communication.
Proxy helper is started by root user as:
~ # virtfs-proxy-helper -f|--fd <socket descriptor> -p|--path <path-to-share>
Signed-off-by: M. Mohan Kumar <mohan@in.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Aneesh Kumar K.V <aneesh.kumar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Add new proxy filesystem driver to add root privilege to qemu process.
It needs a helper process to be started by root user.
Following command line can be used to utilize proxy filesystem driver
-virtfs proxy,id=<id>,mount_tag=<tag>,socket_fd=<socket-fd>
Signed-off-by: M. Mohan Kumar <mohan@in.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Aneesh Kumar K.V <aneesh.kumar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Move p9 marshaling/unmarshaling code to a separate file so that
proxy filesytem driver can use these calls. Also made marshaling
code generic to accept "struct iovec" instead of V9fsPDU.
Signed-off-by: M. Mohan Kumar <mohan@in.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Aneesh Kumar K.V <aneesh.kumar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
This remove all conditional code from common code path and
make opt validation a FSDriver callback.
Signed-off-by: Aneesh Kumar K.V <aneesh.kumar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Kernel internal values can change, add protocol values for these constant and
use them.
Signed-off-by: Aneesh Kumar K.V <aneesh.kumar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
The v9fs_read() and v9fs_write() functions rely on iovec[] manipulation
code should be replaced with QEMUIOVector to avoid duplicating code.
In the future it may be possible to make the code even more concise by
using QEMUIOVector consistently across virtio and 9pfs.
The "v" format specifier for pdu_marshal() and pdu_unmarshal() is
dropped since it does not actually pack/unpack anything. The specifier
was also not implemented to update the offset variable and could only be
used at the end of a format string, another sign that this shouldn't
really be a format specifier. Instead, see the new
v9fs_init_qiov_from_pdu() function.
This change avoids a possible iovec[] buffer overflow when indirect
vrings are used since the number of vectors is now limited by the
underlying VirtQueueElement and cannot be out-of-bounds.
Signed-off-by: Stefan Hajnoczi <stefanha@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Aneesh Kumar K.V <aneesh.kumar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Double semicolons should be single.
Signed-off-by: Dong Xu Wang <wdongxu@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Stefan Hajnoczi <stefanha@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Fsdriver callback that operate on file descriptor need to
differentiate between directory fd and file fd.
Based on the original patch from Sassan Panahinejad <sassan@sassan.me.uk>
Signed-off-by: Aneesh Kumar K.V <aneesh.kumar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
As per the 9p rfc, during TVERSION its necessary to clean all the active
fids, so that we start the session from a clean state. Its also needed in
scenarios where the guest is booting off 9p, and boot fails, and client
restarts, without any knowledge of the past, it will issue a TVERSION again
so this ensures that we always start from a clean state.
Signed-off-by: Deepak C Shetty <deepakcs@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Aneesh Kumar K.V <aneesh.kumar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Now when you try to migrate with VirtFS export path mounted, you get a proper QMP error:
(qemu) migrate tcp:localhost:4444
Migration is disabled when VirtFS export path '/tmp/' is mounted in the guest using mount_tag 'v_tmp'
(qemu)
Signed-off-by: Aneesh Kumar K.V <aneesh.kumar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
handle fs driver require a set of newly added syscalls. Don't
Compile handle FS driver if those syscalls are not available.
Instead of adding #ifdef for all those syscalls we check for
open by handle syscall. If that is available then rest of the
syscalls used by the driver should be available.
Signed-off-by: Aneesh Kumar K.V <aneesh.kumar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
I guess we can also make sure we don't call local_ioc_getversion at
all.
Reported-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Anthony Liguori <aliguori@us.ibm.com>
Small requirements on "new" features have percolated to virtio-9p-local.c.
In particular, the utimensat wrapper actually only supports dirfd = AT_FDCWD
and flags = AT_SYMLINK_NOFOLLOW in the fallback code. Remove the arguments
so that virtio-9p-local.c will not use AT_* constants.
At the same time, fail local_ioc_getversion if the ioctl is not supported
by the host.
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Anthony Liguori <aliguori@us.ibm.com>
AT_REMOVEDIR is not defined on all systems. Pass the raw flags from the
9p protocol, which are always there.
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Anthony Liguori <aliguori@us.ibm.com>
Avoid a conflict on the definition of struct file_handle by
using a replacement name.
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Anthony Liguori <aliguori@us.ibm.com>
Modern distributions place xattr.h in /usr/include/sys, and fold
libattr.so into libc. They also don't have an ENOATTR.
Make configure detect this, and add a qemu-xattr.h file that
directs the #include to the right place.
Signed-off-by: Avi Kivity <avi@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Anthony Liguori <aliguori@us.ibm.com>
Markus Armbruster <armbru@redhat.com> sent fixes for va_list vararg
issues in v9fs_string_alloc_printf(). It turns out the function
duplicates g_vasprintf() and can therefore be eliminated entirely.
Signed-off-by: Stefan Hajnoczi <stefanha@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Aneesh Kumar K.V <aneesh.kumar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Use QLIST_INSERT_HEAD_RCU and rcu_read_lock/unlock instead of rwlocks.
Use v9fs_synth_mutex as a write-only mutex to handle concurrent writers.
Signed-off-by: Harsh Prateek Bora <harsh@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Aneesh Kumar K.V <aneesh.kumar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
This patch create a synthetic file system with mount tag
v_synth when -virtfs_synth command line option is specified
in qemu. The synthetic file system can be mounted in guest
using 9p using the below command line
mount -t 9p -oversion=9p2000.L,trans=virtio v_synth <mountpint>
Synthetic file system enabled different qemu subsystem to register
callbacks for read and write events from guest. The subsystem
can create directories and files in the synthetic file system as show
in ex below
qemu_v9fs_synth_mkdir(NULL, 0777, "test2", &node);
qemu_v9fs_synth_add_file(node, 0777, "testfile",
my_test_read, NULL, NULL);
Signed-off-by: Aneesh Kumar K.V <aneesh.kumar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
To implement synthetic file system in Qemu we may not really
require file descriptor and Dir *. Make generic code use
V9fsFidOpenState instead.
Signed-off-by: Aneesh Kumar K.V <aneesh.kumar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
A new fsdev parameter "readonly" is introduced to control accessing 9p export.
"readonly" can be used to specify the access type. By default "rw" access
is given to 9p export.
Signed-off-by: M. Mohan Kumar <mohan@in.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Aneesh Kumar K.V <aneesh.kumar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
this patch fix multiple issues with VirtFS tracing.
a) Add tracepoint to the correct code path. We handle error in complete_pdu
b) Fix indentation in python script
c) Fix variable naming issue in python script
Signed-off-by: Aneesh Kumar K.V <aneesh.kumar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Blue Swirl <blauwirbel@gmail.com>
Use file system driver specific lstat instead of generic lstat.
Signed-off-by: M. Mohan Kumar <mohan@in.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Aneesh Kumar K.V <aneesh.kumar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Removing the existing debug infrastrucure as proposed to be replaced by
Qemu Tracing infrastructure.
Reviewed-by: Stefan Hajnoczi <stefanha@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Harsh Prateek Bora <harsh@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Aneesh Kumar K.V <aneesh.kumar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Plan is to replace the existing debug infrastructure with Qemu tracing
infrastructure so that user can dynamically enable/disable trace events and
therefore a meaningful trace log can be generated which can be further
filtered using an analysis script.
Note: Because of current simpletrace limitations, the trace events are
logging at max 6 args, however, once the more args are supported, we can
change trace events to log more info as well. Also, This initial patch only
provides a replacement for existing debug infra. More trace events to be
added later for newly added handlers and sub-routines.
Reviewed-by: Stefan Hajnoczi <stefanha@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Harsh Prateek Bora <harsh@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Aneesh Kumar K.V <aneesh.kumar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
This patch use file system specific ioctl for getting i_generation
value. Not all file system support the ioctl. So we add an export
specific extended operation and assign right callback for the
file system that support i_generation ioctl
["M. Mohan Kumar" <mohan@in.ibm.com> we can do ioctl only for
regular files and directories on the server]
Signed-off-by: Harsh Prateek Bora <harsh@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Aneesh Kumar K.V <aneesh.kumar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Some of the flags are OS/arch dependent we need to use
9P defined value on wire,
Based on the original patch from Venkateswararao Jujjuri <jvrao@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: M. Mohan Kumar <mohan@in.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Aneesh Kumar K.V <aneesh.kumar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
If the 9pfs mount tag is longer than MAX_TAG_LEN bytes, rather than
silently truncating the tag which will likely break the guest OS,
report an immediate error and exit QEMU
* hw/9pfs/virtio-9p-device.c: Report error & exit if mount tag is
too long
Signed-off-by: Daniel P. Berrange <berrange@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Aneesh Kumar K.V <aneesh.kumar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Use 9P specific lock constants instead of arch specific lock constants.
Signed-off-by: M. Mohan Kumar <mohan@in.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Aneesh Kumar K.V <aneesh.kumar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Also don't do glibc version check to find handle support. Instead
do handle syscall support in configure.
Signed-off-by: Aneesh Kumar K.V <aneesh.kumar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
writeout=immediate implies the after pwritev we do a sync_file_range.
Reviewed-by: Stefan Hajnoczi <stefanha@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Aneesh Kumar K.V <aneesh.kumar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Add a new context flag PATHNAME_FSCONTEXT and indicate whether
the fs driver track fid using path names. Also add a private
pointer that help us to track fs driver specific values in there
Signed-off-by: Aneesh Kumar K.V <aneesh.kumar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
This enables us to add handles to track fids later. The
V9fsPath added is similar to V9fsString except that the
size include the NULL byte also.
Signed-off-by: Aneesh Kumar K.V <aneesh.kumar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
On rename we take the write lock and this ensure path
doesn't change as we operate on them.
Signed-off-by: Aneesh Kumar K.V <aneesh.kumar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Initialize glib threads unconditionally in main() instead
of using g_thread_get_initialized in the 9p code.
Fixes a build failure on RHEL-5, which ships glib 2.12.
g_thread_get_initialized was added in 2.20.
Signed-off-by: Gerd Hoffmann <kraxel@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Anthony Liguori <aliguori@us.ibm.com>
unlinkat - Remove a directory entry
size[4] Tunlinkat tag[2] dirfid[4] name[s] flag[4]
size[4] Runlinkat tag[2]
older Tremove have the below request format
size[4] Tremove tag[2] fid[4]
The remove message is used to remove a directory entry either file or directory
The remove opreation is actually a directory opertation and should ideally have
dirfid, if not we cannot represent the fid on server with anything other than
name. We will have to derive the directory name from fid in the Tremove request.
NOTE: The operation doesn't clunk the unlink fid.
Signed-off-by: Aneesh Kumar K.V <aneesh.kumar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
rename - change name of file or directory
size[4] Trenameat tag[2] olddirfid[4] oldname[s] newdirfid[4] newname[s]
size[4] Rrenameat tag[2]
older Trename have the below request format
size[4] Trename tag[2] fid[4] newdirfid[4] name[s]
The rename message is used to change the name of a file, possibly moving it
to a new directory. The rename opreation is actually a directory opertation
and should ideally have olddirfid, if not we cannot represent the fid on server
with anything other than name. We will have to derive the old directory name
from fid in the Trename request.
Signed-off-by: Aneesh Kumar K.V <aneesh.kumar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Since qid is allocated out of stack we need to intialize
the field to zero. Otherwise we will send wrong qid value
to client.
Signed-off-by: Aneesh Kumar K.V <aneesh.kumar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
We need to update the fidp path before opendir. Since we don't
use the fid returned by mkdir, earlier code should not have
much issue. We do a double v9fs_string_copy here. The later patch
cleanup the entire function.
Signed-off-by: Aneesh Kumar K.V <aneesh.kumar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
This error was reported by cppcheck:
qemu/hw/9pfs/virtio-9p-debug.c:342:
error: Invalid number of character ({) when these macros are defined:
'DEBUG_DATA'.
Cc: Aneesh Kumar K.V <aneesh.kumar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Stefan Weil <weil@mail.berlios.de>
Signed-off-by: Stefan Hajnoczi <stefanha@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Most changes were made using these commands:
git grep -la '__attribute__((packed))'|xargs perl -pi -e 's/__attribute__\(\(packed\)\)/QEMU_PACKED/'
git grep -la '__attribute__ ((packed))'|xargs perl -pi -e 's/__attribute__ \(\(packed\)\)/QEMU_PACKED/'
git grep -la '__attribute__((__packed__))'|xargs perl -pi -e 's/__attribute__\(\(__packed__\)\)/QEMU_PACKED/'
git grep -la '__attribute__ ((__packed__))'|xargs perl -pi -e 's/__attribute__ \(\(__packed__\)\)/QEMU_PACKED/'
git grep -la '__attribute((packed))'|xargs perl -pi -e 's/__attribute\(\(packed\)\)/QEMU_PACKED/'
Whitespace in linux-user/syscall_defs.h was fixed manually
to avoid warnings from scripts/checkpatch.pl.
Manual changes were also applied to hw/pc.c.
I did not fix indentation with tabs in block/vvfat.c.
The patch will show 4 errors with scripts/checkpatch.pl.
Signed-off-by: Stefan Weil <weil@mail.berlios.de>
Signed-off-by: Blue Swirl <blauwirbel@gmail.com>
Stefan Weil