qemu_co_queue_next(&queue) arranges that the next queued coroutine is
run at a later point in time. This deferred restart is useful because
the caller may not want to transfer control yet.
This behavior was implemented using QEMUBH in the past, which meant that
CoQueue (and hence CoMutex and CoRwlock) had a dependency on the
AioContext event loop. This hidden dependency causes trouble when we
move to a world with multiple event loops - now qemu_co_queue_next()
needs to know which event loop to schedule the QEMUBH in.
After pondering how to stash AioContext I realized the best solution is
to not use AioContext at all. This patch implements the deferred
restart behavior purely in terms of coroutines and no longer uses
QEMUBH.
Here is how it works:
Each Coroutine has a wakeup queue that starts out empty. When
qemu_co_queue_next() is called, the next coroutine is added to our
wakeup queue. The wakeup queue is processed when we yield or terminate.
Signed-off-by: Stefan Hajnoczi <stefanha@redhat.com>
The coroutine freelist is a global pool of unused coroutines. It avoids
the setup/teardown overhead associated with the coroutine lifecycle.
Since the pool is global, we need to synchronize access so that
coroutines can be used outside the BQL.
Signed-off-by: Stefan Hajnoczi <stefanha@redhat.com>
The coroutine pool code is duplicated between the ucontext and
sigaltstack backends, and absent from the win32 backend. But the
code can be shared easily by moving it to qemu-coroutine.c.
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Stefan Hajnoczi <stefanha@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Kevin Wolf <kwolf@redhat.com>
Asynchronous code is becoming very complex. At the same time
synchronous code is growing because it is convenient to write.
Sometimes duplicate code paths are even added, one synchronous and the
other asynchronous. This patch introduces coroutines which allow code
that looks synchronous but is asynchronous under the covers.
A coroutine has its own stack and is therefore able to preserve state
across blocking operations, which traditionally require callback
functions and manual marshalling of parameters.
Creating and starting a coroutine is easy:
coroutine = qemu_coroutine_create(my_coroutine);
qemu_coroutine_enter(coroutine, my_data);
The coroutine then executes until it returns or yields:
void coroutine_fn my_coroutine(void *opaque) {
MyData *my_data = opaque;
/* do some work */
qemu_coroutine_yield();
/* do some more work */
}
Yielding switches control back to the caller of qemu_coroutine_enter().
This is typically used to switch back to the main thread's event loop
after issuing an asynchronous I/O request. The request callback will
then invoke qemu_coroutine_enter() once more to switch back to the
coroutine.
Note that if coroutines are used only from threads which hold the global
mutex they will never execute concurrently. This makes programming with
coroutines easier than with threads. Race conditions cannot occur since
only one coroutine may be active at any time. Other coroutines can only
run across yield.
This coroutines implementation is based on the gtk-vnc implementation
written by Anthony Liguori <anthony@codemonkey.ws> but it has been
significantly rewritten by Kevin Wolf <kwolf@redhat.com> to use
setjmp()/longjmp() instead of the more expensive swapcontext() and by
Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com> for Windows Fibers support.
Signed-off-by: Kevin Wolf <kwolf@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Stefan Hajnoczi <stefanha@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Stefan Hajnoczi