Introduce a type constant, use QOM casts, rename the parent field and
prepare for QOM realize.
Reviewed-by: Hu Tao <hutao@cn.fujitsu.com>
Signed-off-by: Andreas Färber <afaerber@suse.de>
Introduce a type constant, use QOM casts and rename the parent field.
Reviewed-by: Hu Tao <hutao@cn.fujitsu.com>
Signed-off-by: Andreas Färber <afaerber@suse.de>
Introduce type constant and cast macro and rename A15MPPrivState::busdev
field to parent_obj to enforce its use.
Prepares for QOM realize.
Reviewed-by: Peter Maydell <peter.maydell@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Andreas Färber <andreas.faerber@web.de>
Introduce type constant and cast macro and rename
ARMMPTimerState::busdev to enforce its use.
Reviewed-by: Peter Maydell <peter.maydell@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Andreas Färber <andreas.faerber@web.de>
Introduce type constant and cast macro and enforce its use by
renaming A9MPPrivState::busdev field to parent_obj.
Reviewed-by: Peter Crosthwaite <peter.crosthwaite@xilinx.com>
Reviewed-by: Peter Maydell <peter.maydell@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Andreas Färber <andreas.faerber@web.de>
Use standard QOM cast macro. Remove usage of DO_UPCAST() and
direct -> style upcasting.
Signed-off-by: Peter Crosthwaite <peter.crosthwaite@xilinx.com>
Signed-off-by: Andreas Färber <afaerber@suse.de>
Since commit dd3be74207 SUNW,fdtwo's
initfn (realizefn since 940194c236)
was using SYSBUS_FDC() cast. This uses type sysbus-fdc rather than
SUNW,fdtwo.
Fix this by letting SUNW,fdtwo and sysbus-fdc both inherit from an
abstract type base-sysbus-fdc.
This allows to consolidate realizefns by using instance_init functions.
Clean up variable names and variable order while at it.
Reported-by: Mark Cave-Ayland <mark.cave-ayland@ilande.co.uk>
Cc: Hu Tao <hutao@cn.fujitsu.com>
Tested-by: Mark Cave-Ayland <mark.cave-ayland@ilande.co.uk>
Signed-off-by: Andreas Färber <afaerber@suse.de>
# By Stefan Hajnoczi (4) and others
# Via Stefan Hajnoczi
* stefanha/block:
dataplane: refuse to start if device is already in use
dataplane: enable virtio-blk x-data-plane=on live migration
migration: fix spice migration
migration: notify migration state before starting thread
block: Repair the throttling code.
gluster: Add image resize support
Message-id: 1375112172-24863-1-git-send-email-stefanha@redhat.com
Signed-off-by: Anthony Liguori <aliguori@us.ibm.com>
The category will be used to sort the devices displayed in
the command line help.
Signed-off-by: Marcel Apfelbaum <marcel.a@redhat.com>
Message-id: 1375107465-25767-4-git-send-email-marcel.a@redhat.com
Signed-off-by: Anthony Liguori <aliguori@us.ibm.com>
Made small tweaks in code to prevent compilation issues
when importing qemu/bitmap.h in qdev-core
Signed-off-by: Marcel Apfelbaum <marcel.a@redhat.com>
Message-id: 1375107465-25767-2-git-send-email-marcel.a@redhat.com
Signed-off-by: Anthony Liguori <aliguori@us.ibm.com>
The driver calculates SOLNT bit from UCSOLNT and SCSOLNT bits from
the request. The iu pointer has a type of srp_iu* which points to a union,
so cmd and rsp overlap. As the vscsi_send_rsp function calls
memset(iu, 0, sizeof(rsp)), it clears first 36 bytes of both cmd and rsp
so cmd.sol_not is always zero at the moment of calculating rsp.sol_not.
This fixes the bug.
Signed-off-by: Alexey Kardashevskiy <aik@ozlabs.ru>
Message-id: 1375073319-17488-1-git-send-email-aik@ozlabs.ru
Signed-off-by: Anthony Liguori <aliguori@us.ibm.com>
Basically, in HW the layout of the interrupt network is:
- One ICP per processor thread (the "presenter"). This contains the
registers to fetch a pending interrupt (ack), EOI, and control the
processor priority.
- One ICS per logical source of interrupts (ie, one per PCI host
bridge, and a few others here or there). This contains the per-interrupt
source configuration (target processor(s), priority, mask) and the
per-interrupt internal state.
Under PAPR, there is a single "virtual" ICS ... somewhat (it's a bit
oddball what pHyp does here, arguably there are two but we can ignore
that distinction). There is no register level access. A pair of firmware
(RTAS) calls is used to configure each virtual interrupt.
So our model here is somewhat the same. We have one ICS in the emulated
XICS which arguably *is* the emulated XICS, there's no point making it a
separate "device", that would just be gross, and each VCPU has an
associated ICP.
Yet we call the "XICS" struct icp_state and then the ICPs
'struct icp_server_state'. It's particularly confusing when all of the
functions have xics_prefixes yet take *icp arguments.
Rename:
struct icp_state -> XICSState
struct icp_server_state -> ICPState
struct ics_state -> ICSState
struct ics_irq_state -> ICSIRQState
Signed-off-by: David Gibson <david@gibson.dropbear.id.au>
Signed-off-by: Anthony Liguori <aliguori@us.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Alexey Kardashevskiy <aik@ozlabs.ru>
Message-id: 1374175984-8930-12-git-send-email-aliguori@us.ibm.com
[aik: added ics_resend() on post_load]
Signed-off-by: Alexey Kardashevskiy <aik@ozlabs.ru>
Signed-off-by: Anthony Liguori <aliguori@us.ibm.com>
At present, the savevm / migration support for the pseries machine will not
work when KVM is enabled. That's because KVM manages the guest's hash page
table in the host kernel, so qemu has no visibility of it. This patch
fixes this by using new kernel interfaces to extract and reinsert the
guest's hash table during the migration process.
Signed-off-by: David Gibson <david@gibson.dropbear.id.au>
Message-id: 1374175984-8930-11-git-send-email-aliguori@us.ibm.com
Signed-off-by: Anthony Liguori <aliguori@us.ibm.com>
This adds the necessary support for saving the state of the PAPR virtual
PCI host bridge (or host bridges).
Signed-off-by: David Gibson <david@gibson.dropbear.id.au>
Reviewed-by: Anthony Liguori <aliguori@us.ibm.com>
Message-id: 1374175984-8930-10-git-send-email-aliguori@us.ibm.com
Signed-off-by: Anthony Liguori <aliguori@us.ibm.com>
This adds the necessary pieces to implement savevm / migration for the
pseries machine. The most complex part here is migrating the hash
table - for the paravirtualized pseries machine the guest's hash page
table is not stored within guest memory, but externally and the guest
accesses it via hypercalls.
This patch uses a hypervisor reserved bit of the HPTE as a dirty bit
(tracking changes to the HPTE itself, not the page it references).
This is used to implement a live migration style incremental save and
restore of the hash table contents.
Normally a hash table is 16MB but it can get bigger depending on how
much RAM the guest has. Due to its nature, updates to it are random so
the live migration style is used for it.
In addition it adds VMStateDescription information to save and restore
the (few) remaining pieces of state information needed by the pseries
machine.
Signed-off-by: David Gibson <david@gibson.dropbear.id.au>
Reviewed-by: Anthony Liguori <aliguori@us.ibm.com>
Message-id: 1374175984-8930-9-git-send-email-aliguori@us.ibm.com
Signed-off-by: Anthony Liguori <aliguori@us.ibm.com>
This patch adds the necessary support for saving the state of the PAPR VIO
virtual SCSI device. This also saves and restores active SCSI requests.
[aik: implemented vscsi_req save/restore]
Signed-off-by: Alexey Kardashevskiy <aik@ozlabs.ru>
Message-id: 1374175984-8930-8-git-send-email-aliguori@us.ibm.com
Cc: David Gibson <david@gibson.dropbear.id.au>
Signed-off-by: Anthony Liguori <aliguori@us.ibm.com>
The patch reimplements handling of indirect requests in order to
simplify upcoming live migration support.
- all pointers (except SCSIRequest*) were replaces with integer
indexes and offsets;
- DMA'ed srp_direct_buf kept untouched (ie. BE format);
- vscsi_fetch_desc() is added, now it is the only place where
descriptors are fetched and byteswapped;
- vscsi_req struct fields converted to migration-friendly types;
- many dprintf()'s fixed.
This also removed an unused field 'lun' from the spapr_vscsi device
which is assigned, but never used. So, remove it.
[David Gibson: removed unused 'lun']
Signed-off-by: Alexey Kardashevskiy <aik@ozlabs.ru>
Message-id: 1374175984-8930-7-git-send-email-aliguori@us.ibm.com
Signed-off-by: Anthony Liguori <aliguori@us.ibm.com>
Model TCE tables as a device that's hooked up as a child object to
the owner. Besides the code cleanup, we get a few nice benefits:
1) free actually works now (it was dead code before)
2) the TCE information is visible in the device tree
3) we can expose table information as properties such that if we
change the window_size, we can use globals to keep migration
working.
Signed-off-by: David Gibson <david@gibson.dropbear.id.au>
Signed-off-by: Anthony Liguori <aliguori@us.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Alexey Kardashevskiy <aik@ozlabs.ru>
Message-id: 1374175984-8930-6-git-send-email-aliguori@us.ibm.com
[dwg: pseries: savevm support for PAPR TCE tables]
Signed-off-by: Alexey Kardashevskiy <aik@ozlabs.ru>
[alexey: ppc kvm: fix to compile]
Signed-off-by: Anthony Liguori <aliguori@us.ibm.com>
This patch adds the necessary VMStateDescription information to support
savevm/loadvm for the spapr_tty (PAPR logical serial) device.
Signed-off-by: David Gibson <david@gibson.dropbear.id.au>
Reviewed-by: Anthony Liguori <aliguori@us.ibm.com>
Message-id: 1374175984-8930-5-git-send-email-aliguori@us.ibm.com
Signed-off-by: Anthony Liguori <aliguori@us.ibm.com>
This patch adds the necessary VMStateDescription information to support
savevm/loadvm for the spapr_llan (PAPR logical lan) device.
Signed-off-by: David Gibson <david@gibson.dropbear.id.au>
Reviewed-by: Anthony Liguori <aliguori@us.ibm.com>
Message-id: 1374175984-8930-4-git-send-email-aliguori@us.ibm.com
Signed-off-by: Anthony Liguori <aliguori@us.ibm.com>
This patch adds helpers to allow PAPR VIO devices to save state common
to all VIO devices during savevm.
Signed-off-by: David Gibson <david@gibson.dropbear.id.au>
Reviewed-by: Anthony Liguori <aliguori@us.ibm.com>
Message-id: 1374175984-8930-3-git-send-email-aliguori@us.ibm.com
Signed-off-by: Anthony Liguori <aliguori@us.ibm.com>
Dataplane must check whether a block device is in use before launching
the dataplane thread. This is necessary since the thread does not
synchronize with the main loop and I/O requests could cause corruption.
One example is when a drive is added and a block job is started before
hotplugging the virtio-blk-pci adapter. In this case we must not use
dataplane mode.
Cc: qemu-stable@nongnu.org
Reviewed-by: Kevin Wolf <kwolf@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Stefan Hajnoczi <stefanha@redhat.com>
Although the dataplane thread does not cooperate with dirty memory
logging yet it's fairly easy to temporarily disable dataplane during
live migration. This way virtio-blk can live migrate when
x-data-plane=on.
The dataplane thread will restart after migration is cancelled or if the
guest resuming virtio-blk operation after migration completes.
Reviewed-by: Kevin Wolf <kwolf@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Stefan Hajnoczi <stefanha@redhat.com>
# By Paul Durrant (1) and Stefano Stabellini (1)
# Via Stefano Stabellini
* sstabellini/xen-130729:
Xen PV Device
xen_disk: support "direct-io-safe" backend option
Message-id: 1375096790-12815-1-git-send-email-stefano.stabellini@eu.citrix.com
Signed-off-by: Anthony Liguori <aliguori@us.ibm.com>
Introduces a new Xen PV PCI device which will act as a binding point for
PV drivers for Xen.
The device has parameterized vendor-id, device-id and revision to allow to
be configured as a binding point for any vendor's PV drivers.
Signed-off-by: Paul Durrant <paul.durrant@citrix.com>
Signed-off-by: Stefano Stabellini <stefano.stabellini@eu.citrix.com>
Reviewed-by: Andreas Färber <afaerber@suse.de>
Support backend option "direct-io-safe". This is documented as
follows in the Xen backend specification:
* direct-io-safe
* Values: 0/1 (boolean)
* Default Value: 0
*
* The underlying storage is not affected by the direct IO memory
* lifetime bug. See:
* http://lists.xen.org/archives/html/xen-devel/2012-12/msg01154.html
*
* Therefore this option gives the backend permission to use
* O_DIRECT, notwithstanding that bug.
*
* That is, if this option is enabled, use of O_DIRECT is safe,
* in circumstances where we would normally have avoided it as a
* workaround for that bug. This option is not relevant for all
* backends, and even not necessarily supported for those for
* which it is relevant. A backend which knows that it is not
* affected by the bug can ignore this option.
*
* This option doesn't require a backend to use O_DIRECT, so it
* should not be used to try to control the caching behaviour.
Also, BDRV_O_NATIVE_AIO is ignored if BDRV_O_NOCACHE, so clarify the
default flags passed to the qemu block layer.
The original proposal for a "cache" backend option has been dropped
because it was believed too wide, especially considering that at the
moment the backend doesn't have a way to tell the toolstack that it is
capable of supporting it.
Signed-off-by: Stefano Stabellini <stefano.stabellini@eu.citrix.com>
Signed-off-by: Ian Jackson <Ian.Jackson@eu.citrix.com>
The latest ipl code adaptions collided with some of the virtio
refactoring rework. This resulted in always booting the first
disk. Let's fix booting from a given ID.
The new code also checks for command lines without bootindex to
avoid random behaviour when accessing dev_st (==0).
Signed-off-by: Christian Borntraeger <borntraeger@de.ibm.com>
Reviewed-by: Andreas Färber <afaerber@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: Alexander Graf <agraf@suse.de>
* 'trivial-patches' of git://git.corpit.ru/qemu:
target-mips: Remove assignment to a variable which is never used
misc: Use g_assert_not_reached for code which is expected to be unreachable
qemu-options: mention C-a h in the -nographic doc
misc: Fix new typos in comments and strings
linux-user: correct argument number for sys_mremap and sys_splice
PPC: dbdma: macio: Fix format specifiers (build regression)
watchdog: Remove break after exit
exec: Remove env from list of poisoned names
hw/9pfs: Fix potential memory leak and avoid reuse of freed memory
timer: make timers_state static
aes: Remove unused code (NDEBUG, u16)
Copy the whole 0x1fe000000 region into 0x1fc00000, independently of the
loaded BIOS size. This fix the MIPS make check tests.
Reported-by: Andreas Färber <afaerber@suse.de>
Tested-by: Andreas Färber <afaerber@suse.de>
Cc: Paul Burton <paul.burton@imgtec.com>
Cc: Leon Alrae <leon.alrae@imgtec.com>
Signed-off-by: Aurelien Jarno <aurelien@aurel32.net>
The Linux kernel can be configured to use 64KB pages, but it also
requires initrd to be page aligned. Therefore, to be safe, align the
initrd to 64KB using a new INITRD_PAGE_MASK rather than
TARGET_PAGE_MASK.
Signed-off-by: James Hogan <james.hogan@imgtec.com>
Signed-off-by: Leon Alrae <leon.alrae@imgtec.com>
Signed-off-by: Aurelien Jarno <aurelien@aurel32.net>
The firmware commonly used with MIPS Malta boards (YAMON) reads the
status of the pflash with a 32bit memory access. On real hardware
this results in the status byte being mirrored in the upper 16 bits
of the read value. For example if the status byte is represented by
SS then the hardware reads 0x00SS00SS. The YAMON firmware compares the
status against 32bit values expecting the mirrored value and fails
without it.
Signed-off-by: Paul Burton <paul.burton@imgtec.com>
Signed-off-by: Leon Alrae <leon.alrae@imgtec.com>
Signed-off-by: Aurelien Jarno <aurelien@aurel32.net>
The malta contains 2 EEPROMs, one containing SPD data for the SDRAM and
another containing board information such as serial number and MAC
address. These are both exposed via the PIIX4 SMBUS. Generating this
data and providing it to smbus_eeprom_init will allow YAMON to read a
serial number for the board and prevent it from warning that the EEPROM
data is invalid.
We already have the contents of the SPD EEPROM which are exposed via
FPGA I2C accesses, this is provided as part of the SMBUS EEPROM data
too for consistency.
Signed-off-by: Paul Burton <paul.burton@imgtec.com>
Signed-off-by: Leon Alrae <leon.alrae@imgtec.com>
Signed-off-by: Aurelien Jarno <aurelien@aurel32.net>
This preserves the final sector of the pflash which is used by YAMON to
hold environment variables. If the endianness of the environment data
is swapped then YAMON will fail to load environment variables from
pflash.
Signed-off-by: Paul Burton <paul.burton@imgtec.com>
Signed-off-by: Leon Alrae <leon.alrae@imgtec.com>
Signed-off-by: Aurelien Jarno <aurelien@aurel32.net>
The SPD EEPROM specifies the amount of memory present in the system and
thus its correct contents can only be known at runtime. Calculating
parts of the data on init allows the data to accurately reflect the
amount of target memory present and allow YAMON to boot with an
arbitrary amount of SDRAM.
Where possible the SPD data will favor indicating 2 banks of SDRAM
rather than 1. For example the default 128MB of target memory will be
represented as 2x64MB banks rather than 1x128MB bank. This allows
versions of MIPS BIOS code (such as YAMON 2.22 and older) to boot
despite a bug preventing them from handling a single bank of SDRAM with
the Galileo GT64120 system controller emulated by QEMU.
Signed-off-by: Paul Burton <paul.burton@imgtec.com>
Signed-off-by: Leon Alrae <leon.alrae@imgtec.com>
Signed-off-by: Aurelien Jarno <aurelien@aurel32.net>
Rather than modifying the BIOS code at its original location, copy it
for the 0x1fc00000 region & modify the copy. This means the original
ROM code is correctly readable at 0x1e000010 whilst the MIPS revision
is readable at 0x1fc00010.
Additionally the code previously operated on target memory which would
later be overwritten by the BIOS image upon CPU reset if the -bios
argument was used to specify the BIOS image. This led to the written
MIPS revision being lost. Copying using rom_copy when -bios is used
fixes this issue.
Signed-off-by: Paul Burton <paul.burton@imgtec.com>
Signed-off-by: Leon Alrae <leon.alrae@imgtec.com>
Signed-off-by: Aurelien Jarno <aurelien@aurel32.net>
If the target is little endian (mipsel) then the BIOS image endianness
is swapped so that the big endian BIOS binaries commonly produced can be
loaded correctly.
When using the -bios argument the BIOS is loaded using
load_image_targphys, however this doesn't perform the load to target
memory immediately. Instead it loads the BIOS file into a struct Rom
which will later be written to target memory upon reset. However the
endianness conversion was being performed before this, on init, and
operating on the target memory which at this point is blank & will later
be overwritten by the (big endian) BIOS image. Correct this by operating
on the data referenced by struct Rom rather than the target memory when
the -bios argument is used.
Signed-off-by: Paul Burton <paul.burton@imgtec.com>
Signed-off-by: Leon Alrae <leon.alrae@imgtec.com>
Signed-off-by: Aurelien Jarno <aurelien@aurel32.net>
The macro g_assert_not_reached is a better self documenting replacement
for assert(0) or assert(false).
Signed-off-by: Stefan Weil <sw@weilnetz.de>
Signed-off-by: Michael Tokarev <mjt@tls.msk.ru>
All these typos were found by codespell.
sould -> should
emperical -> empirical
intialization -> initialization
successfuly -> successfully
gaurantee -> guarantee
Fix also another error (before before) in the same context.
Signed-off-by: Stefan Weil <sw@weilnetz.de>
Reviewed-by: Peter Maydell <peter.maydell@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Michael Tokarev <mjt@tls.msk.ru>
Fix a number of warnings for 32 bit builds (tested on MingW and Linux):
CC hw/ide/macio.o
qemu/hw/ide/macio.c: In function 'pmac_ide_atapi_transfer_cb':
qemu/hw/ide/macio.c:134:9: error: format '%lx' expects argument of type 'long unsigned int', but argument 3 has type 'hwaddr' [-Werror=format]
qemu/hw/ide/macio.c: In function 'pmac_ide_transfer_cb':
qemu/hw/ide/macio.c:215:5: error: format '%ld' expects argument of type 'long int', but argument 5 has type 'int64_t' [-Werror=format]
qemu/hw/ide/macio.c:222:9: error: format '%lx' expects argument of type 'long unsigned int', but argument 3 has type 'hwaddr' [-Werror=format]
qemu/hw/ide/macio.c:264:9: error: format '%lx' expects argument of type 'long unsigned int', but argument 3 has type 'hwaddr' [-Werror=format]
cc1: all warnings being treated as errors
make: *** [hw/ide/macio.o] Error 1
Signed-off-by: Stefan Weil <sw@weilnetz.de>
Acked-by: Alexander Graf <agraf@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: Michael Tokarev <mjt@tls.msk.ru>
This was dead code.
Signed-off-by: Stefan Weil <sw@weilnetz.de>
Reviewed-by: Andreas Färber <afaerber@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: Michael Tokarev <mjt@tls.msk.ru>
The leak was reported by cppcheck.
Function proxy_init also calls g_free for ctx->fs_root.
Avoid reuse of this memory by setting ctx->fs_root to NULL.
Signed-off-by: Stefan Weil <sw@weilnetz.de>
Reviewed-by: M. Mohan Kumar <mohan@in.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Michael Tokarev <mjt@tls.msk.ru>
Currently the graphics resolution for TCX is fixed at 1024x768, however
other framebuffers are capable of supporting additional resolutions.
Signed-off-by: Mark Cave-Ayland <mark.cave-ayland@ilande.co.uk>
CC: Anthony Liguori <aliguori@us.ibm.com>
CC: Blue Swirl <blauwirbel@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Anthony Liguori <aliguori@us.ibm.com>
# By Jia Liu
# Via Jia Liu
* jliu/or32:
target-openrisc: Free typename in openrisc_cpu_class_by_name
hw/openrisc: Use stderr output instead of qemu_log
hw/openrisc: Indent typo
Message-id: 1374576458-22808-1-git-send-email-proljc@gmail.com
Signed-off-by: Anthony Liguori <aliguori@us.ibm.com>
The ports at 0xe8..0xeb have impl.min/max_access_size == 1, so
that memory accesses are split and combined by the memory core.
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Anthony Liguori <aliguori@us.ibm.com>
Message-id: 1374501278-31549-29-git-send-email-pbonzini@redhat.com
Signed-off-by: Anthony Liguori <aliguori@us.ibm.com>
... by making apb a subclass of TYPE_PCI_HOST_BRIDGE.
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Anthony Liguori <aliguori@us.ibm.com>
Message-id: 1374501278-31549-21-git-send-email-pbonzini@redhat.com
Signed-off-by: Anthony Liguori <aliguori@us.ibm.com>
... by making sh_pci a subclass of TYPE_PCI_HOST_BRIDGE.
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Anthony Liguori <aliguori@us.ibm.com>
Message-id: 1374501278-31549-20-git-send-email-pbonzini@redhat.com
Signed-off-by: Anthony Liguori <aliguori@us.ibm.com>
No free MIPS BIOS is available, so it makes little sense to quit.
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Anthony Liguori <aliguori@us.ibm.com>
Message-id: 1374501278-31549-19-git-send-email-pbonzini@redhat.com
Signed-off-by: Anthony Liguori <aliguori@us.ibm.com>
So far the device was only used on little-endian machines.
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Anthony Liguori <aliguori@us.ibm.com>
Message-id: 1374501278-31549-18-git-send-email-pbonzini@redhat.com
Signed-off-by: Anthony Liguori <aliguori@us.ibm.com>