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qemu/block/backup.c

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/*
* QEMU backup
*
* Copyright (C) 2013 Proxmox Server Solutions
*
* Authors:
* Dietmar Maurer (dietmar@proxmox.com)
*
* This work is licensed under the terms of the GNU GPL, version 2 or later.
* See the COPYING file in the top-level directory.
*
*/
#include <stdio.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include "trace.h"
#include "block/block.h"
#include "block/block_int.h"
#include "block/blockjob.h"
#include "qapi/qmp/qerror.h"
#include "qemu/ratelimit.h"
#define BACKUP_CLUSTER_BITS 16
#define BACKUP_CLUSTER_SIZE (1 << BACKUP_CLUSTER_BITS)
#define BACKUP_SECTORS_PER_CLUSTER (BACKUP_CLUSTER_SIZE / BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE)
#define SLICE_TIME 100000000ULL /* ns */
typedef struct CowRequest {
int64_t start;
int64_t end;
QLIST_ENTRY(CowRequest) list;
CoQueue wait_queue; /* coroutines blocked on this request */
} CowRequest;
typedef struct BackupBlockJob {
BlockJob common;
BlockDriverState *target;
/* bitmap for sync=incremental */
BdrvDirtyBitmap *sync_bitmap;
MirrorSyncMode sync_mode;
RateLimit limit;
BlockdevOnError on_source_error;
BlockdevOnError on_target_error;
CoRwlock flush_rwlock;
uint64_t sectors_read;
HBitmap *bitmap;
QLIST_HEAD(, CowRequest) inflight_reqs;
} BackupBlockJob;
/* See if in-flight requests overlap and wait for them to complete */
static void coroutine_fn wait_for_overlapping_requests(BackupBlockJob *job,
int64_t start,
int64_t end)
{
CowRequest *req;
bool retry;
do {
retry = false;
QLIST_FOREACH(req, &job->inflight_reqs, list) {
if (end > req->start && start < req->end) {
qemu_co_queue_wait(&req->wait_queue);
retry = true;
break;
}
}
} while (retry);
}
/* Keep track of an in-flight request */
static void cow_request_begin(CowRequest *req, BackupBlockJob *job,
int64_t start, int64_t end)
{
req->start = start;
req->end = end;
qemu_co_queue_init(&req->wait_queue);
QLIST_INSERT_HEAD(&job->inflight_reqs, req, list);
}
/* Forget about a completed request */
static void cow_request_end(CowRequest *req)
{
QLIST_REMOVE(req, list);
qemu_co_queue_restart_all(&req->wait_queue);
}
static int coroutine_fn backup_do_cow(BlockDriverState *bs,
int64_t sector_num, int nb_sectors,
bool *error_is_read,
bool is_write_notifier)
{
BackupBlockJob *job = (BackupBlockJob *)bs->job;
CowRequest cow_request;
struct iovec iov;
QEMUIOVector bounce_qiov;
void *bounce_buffer = NULL;
int ret = 0;
int64_t start, end;
int n;
qemu_co_rwlock_rdlock(&job->flush_rwlock);
start = sector_num / BACKUP_SECTORS_PER_CLUSTER;
end = DIV_ROUND_UP(sector_num + nb_sectors, BACKUP_SECTORS_PER_CLUSTER);
trace_backup_do_cow_enter(job, start, sector_num, nb_sectors);
wait_for_overlapping_requests(job, start, end);
cow_request_begin(&cow_request, job, start, end);
for (; start < end; start++) {
if (hbitmap_get(job->bitmap, start)) {
trace_backup_do_cow_skip(job, start);
continue; /* already copied */
}
trace_backup_do_cow_process(job, start);
n = MIN(BACKUP_SECTORS_PER_CLUSTER,
job->common.len / BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE -
start * BACKUP_SECTORS_PER_CLUSTER);
if (!bounce_buffer) {
bounce_buffer = qemu_blockalign(bs, BACKUP_CLUSTER_SIZE);
}
iov.iov_base = bounce_buffer;
iov.iov_len = n * BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE;
qemu_iovec_init_external(&bounce_qiov, &iov, 1);
if (is_write_notifier) {
ret = bdrv_co_no_copy_on_readv(bs,
start * BACKUP_SECTORS_PER_CLUSTER,
n, &bounce_qiov);
} else {
ret = bdrv_co_readv(bs, start * BACKUP_SECTORS_PER_CLUSTER, n,
&bounce_qiov);
}
if (ret < 0) {
trace_backup_do_cow_read_fail(job, start, ret);
if (error_is_read) {
*error_is_read = true;
}
goto out;
}
if (buffer_is_zero(iov.iov_base, iov.iov_len)) {
ret = bdrv_co_write_zeroes(job->target,
start * BACKUP_SECTORS_PER_CLUSTER,
n, BDRV_REQ_MAY_UNMAP);
} else {
ret = bdrv_co_writev(job->target,
start * BACKUP_SECTORS_PER_CLUSTER, n,
&bounce_qiov);
}
if (ret < 0) {
trace_backup_do_cow_write_fail(job, start, ret);
if (error_is_read) {
*error_is_read = false;
}
goto out;
}
hbitmap_set(job->bitmap, start, 1);
/* Publish progress, guest I/O counts as progress too. Note that the
* offset field is an opaque progress value, it is not a disk offset.
*/
job->sectors_read += n;
job->common.offset += n * BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE;
}
out:
if (bounce_buffer) {
qemu_vfree(bounce_buffer);
}
cow_request_end(&cow_request);
trace_backup_do_cow_return(job, sector_num, nb_sectors, ret);
qemu_co_rwlock_unlock(&job->flush_rwlock);
return ret;
}
static int coroutine_fn backup_before_write_notify(
NotifierWithReturn *notifier,
void *opaque)
{
BdrvTrackedRequest *req = opaque;
int64_t sector_num = req->offset >> BDRV_SECTOR_BITS;
int nb_sectors = req->bytes >> BDRV_SECTOR_BITS;
assert((req->offset & (BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE - 1)) == 0);
assert((req->bytes & (BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE - 1)) == 0);
return backup_do_cow(req->bs, sector_num, nb_sectors, NULL, true);
}
static void backup_set_speed(BlockJob *job, int64_t speed, Error **errp)
{
BackupBlockJob *s = container_of(job, BackupBlockJob, common);
if (speed < 0) {
error_setg(errp, QERR_INVALID_PARAMETER, "speed");
return;
}
ratelimit_set_speed(&s->limit, speed / BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE, SLICE_TIME);
}
static void backup_iostatus_reset(BlockJob *job)
{
BackupBlockJob *s = container_of(job, BackupBlockJob, common);
bdrv_iostatus_reset(s->target);
}
static const BlockJobDriver backup_job_driver = {
.instance_size = sizeof(BackupBlockJob),
.job_type = BLOCK_JOB_TYPE_BACKUP,
.set_speed = backup_set_speed,
.iostatus_reset = backup_iostatus_reset,
};
static BlockErrorAction backup_error_action(BackupBlockJob *job,
bool read, int error)
{
if (read) {
return block_job_error_action(&job->common, job->common.bs,
job->on_source_error, true, error);
} else {
return block_job_error_action(&job->common, job->target,
job->on_target_error, false, error);
}
}
typedef struct {
int ret;
} BackupCompleteData;
static void backup_complete(BlockJob *job, void *opaque)
{
BackupBlockJob *s = container_of(job, BackupBlockJob, common);
BackupCompleteData *data = opaque;
bdrv_unref(s->target);
block_job_completed(job, data->ret);
g_free(data);
}
static bool coroutine_fn yield_and_check(BackupBlockJob *job)
{
if (block_job_is_cancelled(&job->common)) {
return true;
}
/* we need to yield so that bdrv_drain_all() returns.
* (without, VM does not reboot)
*/
if (job->common.speed) {
uint64_t delay_ns = ratelimit_calculate_delay(&job->limit,
job->sectors_read);
job->sectors_read = 0;
block_job_sleep_ns(&job->common, QEMU_CLOCK_REALTIME, delay_ns);
} else {
block_job_sleep_ns(&job->common, QEMU_CLOCK_REALTIME, 0);
}
if (block_job_is_cancelled(&job->common)) {
return true;
}
return false;
}
static int coroutine_fn backup_run_incremental(BackupBlockJob *job)
{
bool error_is_read;
int ret = 0;
int clusters_per_iter;
uint32_t granularity;
int64_t sector;
int64_t cluster;
int64_t end;
int64_t last_cluster = -1;
BlockDriverState *bs = job->common.bs;
HBitmapIter hbi;
granularity = bdrv_dirty_bitmap_granularity(job->sync_bitmap);
clusters_per_iter = MAX((granularity / BACKUP_CLUSTER_SIZE), 1);
bdrv_dirty_iter_init(job->sync_bitmap, &hbi);
/* Find the next dirty sector(s) */
while ((sector = hbitmap_iter_next(&hbi)) != -1) {
cluster = sector / BACKUP_SECTORS_PER_CLUSTER;
/* Fake progress updates for any clusters we skipped */
if (cluster != last_cluster + 1) {
job->common.offset += ((cluster - last_cluster - 1) *
BACKUP_CLUSTER_SIZE);
}
for (end = cluster + clusters_per_iter; cluster < end; cluster++) {
do {
if (yield_and_check(job)) {
return ret;
}
ret = backup_do_cow(bs, cluster * BACKUP_SECTORS_PER_CLUSTER,
BACKUP_SECTORS_PER_CLUSTER, &error_is_read,
false);
if ((ret < 0) &&
backup_error_action(job, error_is_read, -ret) ==
BLOCK_ERROR_ACTION_REPORT) {
return ret;
}
} while (ret < 0);
}
/* If the bitmap granularity is smaller than the backup granularity,
* we need to advance the iterator pointer to the next cluster. */
if (granularity < BACKUP_CLUSTER_SIZE) {
bdrv_set_dirty_iter(&hbi, cluster * BACKUP_SECTORS_PER_CLUSTER);
}
last_cluster = cluster - 1;
}
/* Play some final catchup with the progress meter */
end = DIV_ROUND_UP(job->common.len, BACKUP_CLUSTER_SIZE);
if (last_cluster + 1 < end) {
job->common.offset += ((end - last_cluster - 1) * BACKUP_CLUSTER_SIZE);
}
return ret;
}
static void coroutine_fn backup_run(void *opaque)
{
BackupBlockJob *job = opaque;
BackupCompleteData *data;
BlockDriverState *bs = job->common.bs;
BlockDriverState *target = job->target;
BlockdevOnError on_target_error = job->on_target_error;
NotifierWithReturn before_write = {
.notify = backup_before_write_notify,
};
int64_t start, end;
int ret = 0;
QLIST_INIT(&job->inflight_reqs);
qemu_co_rwlock_init(&job->flush_rwlock);
start = 0;
end = DIV_ROUND_UP(job->common.len, BACKUP_CLUSTER_SIZE);
job->bitmap = hbitmap_alloc(end, 0);
bdrv_set_enable_write_cache(target, true);
bdrv_set_on_error(target, on_target_error, on_target_error);
bdrv_iostatus_enable(target);
bdrv_add_before_write_notifier(bs, &before_write);
if (job->sync_mode == MIRROR_SYNC_MODE_NONE) {
while (!block_job_is_cancelled(&job->common)) {
/* Yield until the job is cancelled. We just let our before_write
* notify callback service CoW requests. */
job->common.busy = false;
qemu_coroutine_yield();
job->common.busy = true;
}
} else if (job->sync_mode == MIRROR_SYNC_MODE_INCREMENTAL) {
ret = backup_run_incremental(job);
} else {
/* Both FULL and TOP SYNC_MODE's require copying.. */
for (; start < end; start++) {
bool error_is_read;
if (yield_and_check(job)) {
break;
}
if (job->sync_mode == MIRROR_SYNC_MODE_TOP) {
int i, n;
int alloced = 0;
/* Check to see if these blocks are already in the
* backing file. */
for (i = 0; i < BACKUP_SECTORS_PER_CLUSTER;) {
/* bdrv_is_allocated() only returns true/false based
* on the first set of sectors it comes across that
* are are all in the same state.
* For that reason we must verify each sector in the
* backup cluster length. We end up copying more than
* needed but at some point that is always the case. */
alloced =
bdrv_is_allocated(bs,
start * BACKUP_SECTORS_PER_CLUSTER + i,
BACKUP_SECTORS_PER_CLUSTER - i, &n);
i += n;
if (alloced == 1 || n == 0) {
break;
}
}
/* If the above loop never found any sectors that are in
* the topmost image, skip this backup. */
if (alloced == 0) {
continue;
}
}
/* FULL sync mode we copy the whole drive. */
ret = backup_do_cow(bs, start * BACKUP_SECTORS_PER_CLUSTER,
BACKUP_SECTORS_PER_CLUSTER, &error_is_read, false);
if (ret < 0) {
/* Depending on error action, fail now or retry cluster */
BlockErrorAction action =
backup_error_action(job, error_is_read, -ret);
if (action == BLOCK_ERROR_ACTION_REPORT) {
break;
} else {
start--;
continue;
}
}
}
}
notifier_with_return_remove(&before_write);
/* wait until pending backup_do_cow() calls have completed */
qemu_co_rwlock_wrlock(&job->flush_rwlock);
qemu_co_rwlock_unlock(&job->flush_rwlock);
if (job->sync_bitmap) {
BdrvDirtyBitmap *bm;
if (ret < 0 || block_job_is_cancelled(&job->common)) {
/* Merge the successor back into the parent, delete nothing. */
bm = bdrv_reclaim_dirty_bitmap(bs, job->sync_bitmap, NULL);
assert(bm);
} else {
/* Everything is fine, delete this bitmap and install the backup. */
bm = bdrv_dirty_bitmap_abdicate(bs, job->sync_bitmap, NULL);
assert(bm);
}
}
hbitmap_free(job->bitmap);
bdrv_iostatus_disable(target);
bdrv_op_unblock_all(target, job->common.blocker);
data = g_malloc(sizeof(*data));
data->ret = ret;
block_job_defer_to_main_loop(&job->common, backup_complete, data);
}
void backup_start(BlockDriverState *bs, BlockDriverState *target,
int64_t speed, MirrorSyncMode sync_mode,
BdrvDirtyBitmap *sync_bitmap,
BlockdevOnError on_source_error,
BlockdevOnError on_target_error,
BlockCompletionFunc *cb, void *opaque,
Error **errp)
{
int64_t len;
assert(bs);
assert(target);
assert(cb);
if (bs == target) {
error_setg(errp, "Source and target cannot be the same");
return;
}
if ((on_source_error == BLOCKDEV_ON_ERROR_STOP ||
on_source_error == BLOCKDEV_ON_ERROR_ENOSPC) &&
!bdrv_iostatus_is_enabled(bs)) {
error_setg(errp, QERR_INVALID_PARAMETER, "on-source-error");
return;
}
if (!bdrv_is_inserted(bs)) {
error_setg(errp, "Device is not inserted: %s",
bdrv_get_device_name(bs));
return;
}
if (!bdrv_is_inserted(target)) {
error_setg(errp, "Device is not inserted: %s",
bdrv_get_device_name(target));
return;
}
if (bdrv_op_is_blocked(bs, BLOCK_OP_TYPE_BACKUP_SOURCE, errp)) {
return;
}
if (bdrv_op_is_blocked(target, BLOCK_OP_TYPE_BACKUP_TARGET, errp)) {
return;
}
if (sync_mode == MIRROR_SYNC_MODE_INCREMENTAL) {
if (!sync_bitmap) {
error_setg(errp, "must provide a valid bitmap name for "
"\"incremental\" sync mode");
return;
}
/* Create a new bitmap, and freeze/disable this one. */
if (bdrv_dirty_bitmap_create_successor(bs, sync_bitmap, errp) < 0) {
return;
}
} else if (sync_bitmap) {
error_setg(errp,
"a sync_bitmap was provided to backup_run, "
"but received an incompatible sync_mode (%s)",
MirrorSyncMode_lookup[sync_mode]);
return;
}
len = bdrv_getlength(bs);
if (len < 0) {
error_setg_errno(errp, -len, "unable to get length for '%s'",
bdrv_get_device_name(bs));
goto error;
}
BackupBlockJob *job = block_job_create(&backup_job_driver, bs, speed,
cb, opaque, errp);
if (!job) {
goto error;
}
bdrv_op_block_all(target, job->common.blocker);
job->on_source_error = on_source_error;
job->on_target_error = on_target_error;
job->target = target;
job->sync_mode = sync_mode;
job->sync_bitmap = sync_mode == MIRROR_SYNC_MODE_INCREMENTAL ?
sync_bitmap : NULL;
job->common.len = len;
job->common.co = qemu_coroutine_create(backup_run);
qemu_coroutine_enter(job->common.co, job);
return;
error:
if (sync_bitmap) {
bdrv_reclaim_dirty_bitmap(bs, sync_bitmap, NULL);
}
}
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