input: 
  def calculate_total_cost(items: list, shipping_cost: float, tax_rate: float) -> float:
      """ Calculate the total cost of a shopping cart considering item prices, quantity,
      shipping cost, and applicable taxes.
      >>> calculate_total_cost([
      ...     {"name": "widget", "price": 10, "quantity": 5},
      ...     {"name": "thingy", "price": 7, "quantity": 3},
      ...     {"name": "doodad", "price": 5, "quantity": 2},
      ... ], 7.50, 0.095)
      102.875
      """
      total_cost = 0
      for item in items:
          total_cost += item['price'] * item['quantity']
      total_cost += total_cost * tax_rate
      total_cost += shipping_cost
      return total_cost
  
output:     total_cost = 0
      for item in items:
          total_cost += item['price'] * item['quantity']
      total_cost += total_cost * tax_rate
      total_cost += shipping_cost
      return total_cost