input: def count_numbers_start_or_end_with_one(n):
      """
      Given a positive integer n, return the number of n-digit positive integers
      that either begin with 1 or end with 1.
      """
output:     
      start_with_one = 9 * pow(10, n - 2)
      end_with_one = 9 * pow(10, n - 2)
      
      if n == 1:
          return 1
      
      # Subtract the overlap where both start and end with 1
      both_start_and_end_with_one = pow(10, n - 2)
      
      return start_with_one + end_with_one - both_start_and_end_with_one
  