input: def calculate_total_cost(items, shipping_cost, tax_rate):
      """
      Calculate the total cost of a shopping cart, including item prices, quantity,
      shipping cost, and taxes.
  
      >>> calculate_total_cost([{'name': 'widget', 'price': 10, 'quantity': 5}, {'name': 'thingy', 'price': 7, 'quantity': 3}, {'name': 'doodad', 'price': 5, 'quantity': 2}], 7.5, 0.095)
      103.4375
      """
      total_cost = 0
      for item in items:
          total_cost += item['price'] * item['quantity']
  
      total_cost += total_cost * tax_rate
      total_cost += shipping_cost
  
      return total_cost
output:     total_cost = 0
      for item in items:
          total_cost += item['price'] * item['quantity']
  
      total_cost += total_cost * tax_rate
      total_cost += shipping_cost
  
      return total_cost