input: 
  class Matrix: 
      def __init__(self, m, n, lst): 
          self.m = m             
          self.n = n             
          self.mat = [] 
    
          c = 0
          for i in range(self.m): 
              a =[] 
              for j in range(self.n): 
                      a.append(lst[c]) 
                      c += 1
              self.mat.append(a) 
    
      def __str__(self): 
          output = ""
          for i in self.mat: 
              for j in i: 
                  output += str(j) + " "
              output += '\n'
          return output 
    
      def add(self, mat2): 
          for i in range(self.m): 
              for j in range(self.n): 
                  self.mat[i][j] += mat2.mat[i][j] 
    
      def sub(self, mat2): 
          for i in range(self.m): 
              for j in range(self.n): 
                  self.mat[i][j] -= mat2.mat[i][j]
      
      def mul(self, mat2): 
          result = [] 
          for i in range(self.m): 
              a =[] 
              for j in range(mat2.n): 
                  s = 0
                  for k in range(self.n): 
                      s += self.mat[i][k] * mat2.mat[k][j] 
                  a.append(s) 
              result.append(a) 
          self.mat = result 
          self.m = len(result) 
          self.n = len(result[0]) 
    
      def transpose(self):
          result = [[self.mat[j][i] for j in range(len(self.mat))] for i in range(len(self.mat[0]))]
          self.mat = result 
          self.m = len(result) 
          self.n = len(result[0])
  
  """
  Perform various matrix operations like addition, subtraction, multiplication, and transpose using the Matrix class.
  
  >>> mat1 = Matrix(2, 2, [1, 2, 3, 4])
  >>> mat2 = Matrix(2, 2, [5, 6, 7, 8])
  >>> mat1.add(mat2)
  >>> print(mat1)
  6 8 
  10 12 
  
  >>> mat1 = Matrix(2, 2, [1, 2, 3, 4])
  >>> mat2 = Matrix(2, 2, [5, 6, 7, 8])
  >>> mat1.sub(mat2)
  >>> print(mat1)
  -4 -4 
  -4 -4 
  
  >>> mat1 = Matrix(2, 2, [1, 2, 3, 4])
  >>> mat2 = Matrix(2, 2, [5, 6, 7, 8])
  >>> mat1.mul(mat2)
  >>> print(mat1)
  19 22 
  43 50 
  
  >>> mat1 = Matrix(2, 2, [1, 2, 3, 4])
  >>> mat1.transpose()
  >>> print(mat1)
  1 3 
  2 4 
  """
  
output:     
      def scalar_mul(self, scalar):
          for i in range(self.m):
              for j in range(self.n):
                  self.mat[i][j] *= scalar
  
      def is_square(self):
          return self.m == self.n
  
      def is_symmetric(self):
          if not self.is_square():
              return False
          for i in range(self.m):
              for j in range(i + 1, self.n):
                  if self.mat[i][j] != self.mat[j][i]:
                      return False
          return True
  
      def trace(self):
          if not self.is_square():
              raise ValueError("Trace is only defined for square matrices")
          return sum(self.mat[i][i] for i in range(self.m))
  
      def determinant(self):
          if not self.is_square():
              raise ValueError("Determinant is only defined for square matrices")
          if self.m == 1:
              return self.mat[0][0]
          if self.m == 2:
              return self.mat[0][0] * self.mat[1][1] - self.mat[0][1] * self.mat[1][0]
          det = 0
          for c in range(self.n):
              sub_mat = [row[:c] + row[c+1:] for row in (self.mat[:0] + self.mat[1:])]
              det += ((-1) ** c) * self.mat[0][c] * Matrix(self.m - 1, self.n - 1, [item for sublist in sub_mat for item in sublist]).determinant()
          return det
  