diff --git a/data/dataset_info.json b/data/dataset_info.json
index 6c7088f6..f9adf108 100644
--- a/data/dataset_info.json
+++ b/data/dataset_info.json
@@ -418,6 +418,17 @@
     "hf_hub_url": "HuggingFaceH4/llava-instruct-mix-vsft"
   },
   "mllm_instruct_example": {
-    "hf_hub_url": "data/mllm_example_dataset"
+    "file_name": "llava_instruct_example.json",
+    "formatting": "llava",
+    "columns": {
+      "messages": "messages",
+      "images": "images"
+    },
+    "tags": {
+      "role_tag": "role",
+      "content_tag": "content",
+      "user_tag": "user",
+      "assistant_tag": "assistant"
+    }
   }
-}
\ No newline at end of file
+}
diff --git a/data/llava_instruct_example.json b/data/llava_instruct_example.json
index 908b0695..b5c97387 100644
--- a/data/llava_instruct_example.json
+++ b/data/llava_instruct_example.json
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
   {
     "messages": [
       {
-        "content": "Who are they?",
+        "content": "Who are they?<image>",
         "role": "user"
       },
       {
@@ -18,12 +18,14 @@
         "role": "assistant"
       }
     ],
-    "image": "1.jpg"
+    "images": [
+      "data/images/1.jpg"
+    ]
   },
   {
     "messages": [
       {
-        "content": "Who is he?",
+        "content": "Who is he?<image>",
         "role": "user"
       },
       {
@@ -39,12 +41,14 @@
         "role": "assistant"
       }
     ],
-    "image": "2.jpg"
+    "images": [
+      "data/images/2.jpg"
+    ]
   },
   {
     "messages": [
       {
-        "content": "Please describe this image",
+        "content": "Please describe this image<image>",
         "role": "user"
       },
       {
@@ -60,6 +64,8 @@
         "role": "assistant"
       }
     ],
-    "image": "3.jpg"
+    "images": [
+      "data/images/3.jpg"
+    ]
   }
-]
\ No newline at end of file
+]
diff --git a/examples/mllm/sft_instructblip.sh b/examples/mllm/sft_instructblip.sh
deleted file mode 100644
index b3923655..00000000
--- a/examples/mllm/sft_instructblip.sh
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,32 +0,0 @@
-#!/bin/bash
-
-CUDA_VISIBLE_DEVICES=0 python src/train_bash.py \
-    --stage sft_mm \
-    --do_train \
-    --model_name_or_path Salesforce/instructblip-vicuna-7b \
-    --dataset mllm_instruct_example \
-    --dataset_dir data \
-    --template default \
-    --finetuning_type lora \
-    --lora_target all \
-    --output_dir saves/instructblip-vicuna-7b/lora/sft \
-    --overwrite_cache \
-    --overwrite_output_dir \
-    --cutoff_len 1024 \
-    --preprocessing_num_workers 16 \
-    --per_device_train_batch_size 3 \
-    --per_device_eval_batch_size 1 \
-    --gradient_accumulation_steps 1 \
-    --lr_scheduler_type cosine \
-    --logging_steps 1 \
-    --warmup_steps 20 \
-    --save_steps 100 \
-    --eval_steps 100 \
-    --evaluation_strategy steps \
-    --load_best_model_at_end \
-    --learning_rate 1e-5 \
-    --num_train_epochs 50 \
-    --max_samples 3000 \
-    --val_size 0.1 \
-    --plot_loss \
-    --bf16
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/scripts/test_mllm.py b/scripts/test_mllm.py
index 961f02bf..94d8670b 100644
--- a/scripts/test_mllm.py
+++ b/scripts/test_mllm.py
@@ -29,7 +29,10 @@ def get_processor(model_path):
 def apply_lora(base_model_path, model_path, lora_path):
     print(f"Loading the base model from {base_model_path}")
     base_model = AutoModelForVision2Seq.from_pretrained(
-        base_model_path, torch_dtype=torch.float16, low_cpu_mem_usage=True, device_map="cuda",
+        base_model_path,
+        torch_dtype=torch.float16,
+        low_cpu_mem_usage=True,
+        device_map="cuda",
     )
     processor = get_processor(base_model_path)
     tokenizer = processor.tokenizer
@@ -60,11 +63,14 @@ def main(
     if not os.path.exists(model_path) or do_merge:
         apply_lora(base_model_path, model_path, lora_model_path)
     model = AutoModelForVision2Seq.from_pretrained(
-        model_path, torch_dtype=torch.bfloat16, low_cpu_mem_usage=True, device_map="cuda"
+        model_path,
+        torch_dtype=torch.bfloat16,
+        low_cpu_mem_usage=True,
+        device_map="cuda",
     )
     processor = get_processor(model_path)
     raw_datasets = load_dataset(dataset_name)
-    train_dataset = raw_datasets['train']
+    train_dataset = raw_datasets["train"]
     examples = train_dataset.select(range(3))
     texts = []
     images = []
@@ -81,5 +87,5 @@ def main(
     print(res)
 
 
-if __name__ == '__main__':
+if __name__ == "__main__":
     fire.Fire(main)
diff --git a/src/llmtuner/data/__init__.py b/src/llmtuner/data/__init__.py
index 27a2f3b8..00a82d73 100644
--- a/src/llmtuner/data/__init__.py
+++ b/src/llmtuner/data/__init__.py
@@ -1,12 +1,11 @@
 from .collator import PairwiseDataCollatorWithPadding
-from .loader import get_dataset, get_mm_dataset
+from .loader import get_dataset
 from .template import Template, get_template_and_fix_tokenizer, templates
 from .utils import Role, split_dataset
 
 __all__ = [
     "PairwiseDataCollatorWithPadding",
     "get_dataset",
-    "get_mm_dataset",
     "Template",
     "get_template_and_fix_tokenizer",
     "templates",
diff --git a/src/llmtuner/data/aligner.py b/src/llmtuner/data/aligner.py
index 4de37e6d..85202ea8 100644
--- a/src/llmtuner/data/aligner.py
+++ b/src/llmtuner/data/aligner.py
@@ -13,7 +13,9 @@ if TYPE_CHECKING:
     from .parser import DatasetAttr
 
 
-def convert_alpaca(examples: Dict[str, List[Any]], dataset_attr: "DatasetAttr") -> Dict[str, List[Any]]:
+def convert_alpaca(
+    examples: Dict[str, List[Any]], dataset_attr: "DatasetAttr"
+) -> Dict[str, List[Any]]:
     outputs = {"prompt": [], "response": [], "system": [], "tools": []}
     for i in range(len(examples[dataset_attr.prompt])):
         prompt = []
@@ -31,24 +33,38 @@ def convert_alpaca(examples: Dict[str, List[Any]], dataset_attr: "DatasetAttr")
 
         prompt.append({"role": Role.USER.value, "content": "\n".join(content)})
 
-        if dataset_attr.response and isinstance(examples[dataset_attr.response][i], list):
+        if dataset_attr.response and isinstance(
+            examples[dataset_attr.response][i], list
+        ):
             response = [
-                {"role": Role.ASSISTANT.value, "content": content} for content in examples[dataset_attr.response][i]
+                {"role": Role.ASSISTANT.value, "content": content}
+                for content in examples[dataset_attr.response][i]
+            ]
+        elif dataset_attr.response and isinstance(
+            examples[dataset_attr.response][i], str
+        ):
+            response = [
+                {
+                    "role": Role.ASSISTANT.value,
+                    "content": examples[dataset_attr.response][i],
+                }
             ]
-        elif dataset_attr.response and isinstance(examples[dataset_attr.response][i], str):
-            response = [{"role": Role.ASSISTANT.value, "content": examples[dataset_attr.response][i]}]
         else:
             response = []
 
         outputs["prompt"].append(prompt)
         outputs["response"].append(response)
-        outputs["system"].append(examples[dataset_attr.system][i] if dataset_attr.system else "")
+        outputs["system"].append(
+            examples[dataset_attr.system][i] if dataset_attr.system else ""
+        )
         outputs["tools"].append("")
-
+        outputs["images"].append([])
     return outputs
 
 
-def convert_sharegpt(examples: Dict[str, List[Any]], dataset_attr: "DatasetAttr") -> Dict[str, List[Any]]:
+def convert_sharegpt(
+    examples: Dict[str, List[Any]], dataset_attr: "DatasetAttr"
+) -> Dict[str, List[Any]]:
     outputs = {"prompt": [], "response": [], "system": [], "tools": []}
     tag_mapping = {
         dataset_attr.user_tag: Role.USER.value,
@@ -61,7 +77,10 @@ def convert_sharegpt(examples: Dict[str, List[Any]], dataset_attr: "DatasetAttr"
     even_tags = (dataset_attr.assistant_tag, dataset_attr.function_tag)
     accept_tags = (odd_tags, even_tags)
     for i, messages in enumerate(examples[dataset_attr.messages]):
-        if dataset_attr.system_tag and messages[0][dataset_attr.role_tag] == dataset_attr.system_tag:
+        if (
+            dataset_attr.system_tag
+            and messages[0][dataset_attr.role_tag] == dataset_attr.system_tag
+        ):
             system = messages[0][dataset_attr.content_tag]
             messages = messages[1:]
         else:
@@ -77,19 +96,81 @@ def convert_sharegpt(examples: Dict[str, List[Any]], dataset_attr: "DatasetAttr"
                 raise ValueError("Invalid role tag in {}.".format(messages))
 
             aligned_messages.append(
-                {"role": tag_mapping[message[dataset_attr.role_tag]], "content": message[dataset_attr.content_tag]}
+                {
+                    "role": tag_mapping[message[dataset_attr.role_tag]],
+                    "content": message[dataset_attr.content_tag],
+                }
             )
 
         outputs["prompt"].append(aligned_messages[:-1])
         outputs["response"].append(aligned_messages[-1:])
         outputs["system"].append(system)
-        outputs["tools"].append(examples[dataset_attr.tools][i] if dataset_attr.tools else "")
+        outputs["tools"].append(
+            examples[dataset_attr.tools][i] if dataset_attr.tools else ""
+        )
+        outputs["images"].append([])
+
+    return outputs
+
+
+def convert_llava(
+    examples: Dict[str, List[Any]], dataset_attr: "DatasetAttr"
+) -> Dict[str, List[Any]]:
+    outputs = {"prompt": [], "response": [], "system": [], "tools": [], "images": []}
+    tag_mapping = {
+        dataset_attr.user_tag: Role.USER.value,
+        dataset_attr.assistant_tag: Role.ASSISTANT.value,
+        dataset_attr.observation_tag: Role.OBSERVATION.value,
+        dataset_attr.function_tag: Role.FUNCTION.value,
+        dataset_attr.system_tag: Role.SYSTEM.value,
+    }
+    odd_tags = (dataset_attr.user_tag, dataset_attr.observation_tag)
+    even_tags = (dataset_attr.assistant_tag, dataset_attr.function_tag)
+    accept_tags = (odd_tags, even_tags)
+    for i, messages in enumerate(examples[dataset_attr.messages]):
+        if (
+            dataset_attr.system_tag
+            and messages[0][dataset_attr.role_tag] == dataset_attr.system_tag
+        ):
+            system = messages[0][dataset_attr.content_tag]
+            messages = messages[1:]
+        else:
+            system = examples[dataset_attr.system][i] if dataset_attr.system else ""
+
+        messages = messages[: len(messages) // 2 * 2]  # should be multiples of 2
+        if len(messages) == 0:
+            continue
+
+        aligned_messages = []
+        for turn_idx, message in enumerate(messages):
+            if message[dataset_attr.role_tag] not in accept_tags[turn_idx % 2]:
+                raise ValueError("Invalid role tag in {}.".format(messages))
+
+            aligned_messages.append(
+                {
+                    "role": tag_mapping[message[dataset_attr.role_tag]],
+                    "content": message[dataset_attr.content_tag],
+                }
+            )
+
+        outputs["prompt"].append(aligned_messages[:-1])
+        outputs["response"].append(aligned_messages[-1:])
+        outputs["system"].append(system)
+        outputs["tools"].append(
+            examples[dataset_attr.tools][i] if dataset_attr.tools else ""
+        )
+        print(examples[dataset_attr.images][i])
+        outputs["images"].append(
+            examples[dataset_attr.images][i] if dataset_attr.images else []
+        )
 
     return outputs
 
 
 def align_dataset(
-    dataset: Union["Dataset", "IterableDataset"], dataset_attr: "DatasetAttr", data_args: "DataArguments"
+    dataset: Union["Dataset", "IterableDataset"],
+    dataset_attr: "DatasetAttr",
+    data_args: "DataArguments",
 ) -> Union["Dataset", "IterableDataset"]:
     r"""
     Aligned dataset:
@@ -100,6 +181,8 @@ def align_dataset(
     """
     if dataset_attr.formatting == "alpaca":
         convert_func = partial(convert_alpaca, dataset_attr=dataset_attr)
+    elif dataset_attr.formatting == "llava":
+        convert_func = partial(convert_llava, dataset_attr=dataset_attr)
     else:
         convert_func = partial(convert_sharegpt, dataset_attr=dataset_attr)
 
@@ -107,13 +190,20 @@ def align_dataset(
     features = Features.from_dict(
         {
             "prompt": [
-                {"role": {"dtype": "string", "_type": "Value"}, "content": {"dtype": "string", "_type": "Value"}}
+                {
+                    "role": {"dtype": "string", "_type": "Value"},
+                    "content": {"dtype": "string", "_type": "Value"},
+                }
             ],
             "response": [
-                {"role": {"dtype": "string", "_type": "Value"}, "content": {"dtype": "string", "_type": "Value"}}
+                {
+                    "role": {"dtype": "string", "_type": "Value"},
+                    "content": {"dtype": "string", "_type": "Value"},
+                }
             ],
             "system": {"dtype": "string", "_type": "Value"},
             "tools": {"dtype": "string", "_type": "Value"},
+            "images": {"feature": {"_type": "Image"}, "_type": "Sequence"},
         }
     )
     kwargs = {}
diff --git a/src/llmtuner/data/loader.py b/src/llmtuner/data/loader.py
index 18665731..c373e196 100644
--- a/src/llmtuner/data/loader.py
+++ b/src/llmtuner/data/loader.py
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import inspect
 import os
-from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, Literal, Union
+from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, Literal, Union, Optional
 
 from datasets import load_dataset, load_from_disk
 
@@ -25,9 +25,9 @@ logger = get_logger(__name__)
 
 
 def load_single_dataset(
-        dataset_attr: "DatasetAttr",
-        model_args: "ModelArguments",
-        data_args: "DataArguments",
+    dataset_attr: "DatasetAttr",
+    model_args: "ModelArguments",
+    data_args: "DataArguments",
 ) -> Union["Dataset", "IterableDataset"]:
     logger.info("Loading dataset {}...".format(dataset_attr))
     data_path, data_name, data_dir, data_files = None, None, None, None
@@ -78,14 +78,20 @@ def load_single_dataset(
                 split=data_args.split,
                 cache_dir=cache_dir,
                 token=model_args.ms_hub_token,
-                use_streaming=(data_args.streaming and (dataset_attr.load_from != "file")),
+                use_streaming=(
+                    data_args.streaming and (dataset_attr.load_from != "file")
+                ),
             )
             if isinstance(dataset, MsDataset):
                 dataset = dataset.to_hf_dataset()
         except ImportError:
-            raise ImportError("Please install modelscope via `pip install modelscope -U`")
+            raise ImportError(
+                "Please install modelscope via `pip install modelscope -U`"
+            )
     else:
-        if "trust_remote_code" in inspect.signature(load_dataset).parameters:  # for datasets==2.16.0
+        if (
+            "trust_remote_code" in inspect.signature(load_dataset).parameters
+        ):  # for datasets==2.16.0
             kwargs = {"trust_remote_code": True}
         else:
             kwargs = {}
@@ -102,7 +108,9 @@ def load_single_dataset(
             **kwargs,
         )
 
-    if data_args.streaming and (dataset_attr.load_from == "file"):  # faster than specifying streaming=True
+    if data_args.streaming and (
+        dataset_attr.load_from == "file"
+    ):  # faster than specifying streaming=True
         dataset = dataset.to_iterable_dataset()  # TODO: add num shards parameter
 
     if data_args.max_samples is not None:  # truncate dataset
@@ -113,11 +121,12 @@ def load_single_dataset(
 
 
 def get_dataset(
-        tokenizer: "PreTrainedTokenizer",
-        model_args: "ModelArguments",
-        data_args: "DataArguments",
-        training_args: "Seq2SeqTrainingArguments",
-        stage: Literal["pt", "sft", "rm", "ppo"],
+    tokenizer: "PreTrainedTokenizer",
+    model_args: "ModelArguments",
+    data_args: "DataArguments",
+    training_args: "Seq2SeqTrainingArguments",
+    stage: Literal["pt", "sft", "rm", "ppo"],
+    processor: Optional["AutoProcessor"] = None,
 ) -> Union["Dataset", "IterableDataset"]:
     template = get_template_and_fix_tokenizer(tokenizer, data_args.template)
     if data_args.train_on_prompt and template.efficient_eos:
@@ -126,9 +135,13 @@ def get_dataset(
     # Load tokenized dataset
     if data_args.tokenized_path is not None:
         if has_tokenized_data(data_args.tokenized_path):
-            logger.warning("Loading dataset from disk will ignore other data arguments.")
+            logger.warning(
+                "Loading dataset from disk will ignore other data arguments."
+            )
             dataset = load_from_disk(data_args.tokenized_path)
-            logger.info("Loaded tokenized dataset from {}.".format(data_args.tokenized_path))
+            logger.info(
+                "Loaded tokenized dataset from {}.".format(data_args.tokenized_path)
+            )
             if data_args.streaming:
                 dataset = dataset.to_iterable_dataset()
             return dataset
@@ -139,15 +152,21 @@ def get_dataset(
     with training_args.main_process_first(desc="load dataset"):
         all_datasets = []
         for dataset_attr in get_dataset_list(data_args):
-            if (stage == "rm" and dataset_attr.ranking is False) or (stage != "rm" and dataset_attr.ranking is True):
-                raise ValueError("The dataset is not applicable in the current training stage.")
+            if (stage == "rm" and dataset_attr.ranking is False) or (
+                stage != "rm" and dataset_attr.ranking is True
+            ):
+                raise ValueError(
+                    "The dataset is not applicable in the current training stage."
+                )
 
-            all_datasets.append(load_single_dataset(dataset_attr, model_args, data_args))
+            all_datasets.append(
+                load_single_dataset(dataset_attr, model_args, data_args)
+            )
         dataset = merge_dataset(all_datasets, data_args, training_args)
 
     with training_args.main_process_first(desc="pre-process dataset"):
         preprocess_func, print_function = get_preprocess_and_print_func(
-            tokenizer, template, data_args, training_args, stage
+            tokenizer, template, data_args, training_args, stage, processor
         )
         column_names = list(next(iter(dataset)).keys())
         kwargs = {}
@@ -158,13 +177,21 @@ def get_dataset(
                 desc="Running tokenizer on dataset",
             )
 
-        dataset = dataset.map(preprocess_func, batched=True, remove_columns=column_names, **kwargs)
+        dataset = dataset.map(
+            preprocess_func, batched=True, remove_columns=column_names, **kwargs
+        )
 
         if data_args.tokenized_path is not None:
             if training_args.should_save:
                 dataset.save_to_disk(data_args.tokenized_path)
-                logger.info("Tokenized dataset saved at {}.".format(data_args.tokenized_path))
-                logger.info("Please restart the training with `--tokenized_path {}`.".format(data_args.tokenized_path))
+                logger.info(
+                    "Tokenized dataset saved at {}.".format(data_args.tokenized_path)
+                )
+                logger.info(
+                    "Please restart the training with `--tokenized_path {}`.".format(
+                        data_args.tokenized_path
+                    )
+                )
 
             exit(0)
 
@@ -172,34 +199,8 @@ def get_dataset(
             try:
                 print_function(next(iter(dataset)))
             except StopIteration:
-                raise RuntimeError("Cannot find valid samples, check `data/README.md` for the data format.")
+                raise RuntimeError(
+                    "Cannot find valid samples, check `data/README.md` for the data format."
+                )
 
         return dataset
-
-
-def get_mm_dataset(
-        processor: "AutoProcessor",
-        model_args: "ModelArguments",
-        data_args: "DataArguments",
-        training_args: "Seq2SeqTrainingArguments",
-        stage: Literal["pt", "sft", "rm", "ppo"],
-) -> Union["Dataset", "IterableDataset"]:
-    if data_args.tokenized_path is not None:
-        if has_tokenized_data(data_args.tokenized_path):
-            logger.warning("Loading dataset from disk will ignore other data arguments.")
-            dataset = load_from_disk(data_args.tokenized_path)
-            logger.info("Loaded tokenized dataset from {}.".format(data_args.tokenized_path))
-            if data_args.streaming:
-                dataset = dataset.to_iterable_dataset()
-            return dataset
-
-        if data_args.streaming:
-            raise ValueError("Turn off `streaming` when saving dataset to disk.")
-
-    with training_args.main_process_first(desc="load dataset"):
-        all_datasets = []
-        for dataset_attr in get_dataset_list(data_args):
-            all_datasets.append(load_dataset(dataset_attr.dataset_name)['train'])
-        dataset = merge_dataset(all_datasets, data_args, training_args)
-
-    return dataset
diff --git a/src/llmtuner/data/parser.py b/src/llmtuner/data/parser.py
index b9c8782a..79d6ed4e 100644
--- a/src/llmtuner/data/parser.py
+++ b/src/llmtuner/data/parser.py
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ class DatasetAttr:
     subset: Optional[str] = None
     folder: Optional[str] = None
     ranking: bool = False
-    formatting: Literal["alpaca", "sharegpt"] = "alpaca"
+    formatting: Literal["alpaca", "sharegpt", "llava"] = "alpaca"
     """ columns """
     system: Optional[str] = None
     """ columns for the alpaca format """
@@ -44,11 +44,15 @@ class DatasetAttr:
     observation_tag: Optional[str] = "observation"
     function_tag: Optional[str] = "function_call"
     system_tag: Optional[str] = "system"
+    """ columns for the mllm format """
+    images: Optional[str] = None
 
     def __repr__(self) -> str:
         return self.dataset_name
 
-    def set_attr(self, key: str, obj: Dict[str, Any], default: Optional[Any] = None) -> None:
+    def set_attr(
+        self, key: str, obj: Dict[str, Any], default: Optional[Any] = None
+    ) -> None:
         setattr(self, key, obj.get(key, default))
 
 
@@ -67,12 +71,16 @@ def get_dataset_list(data_args: "DataArguments") -> List["DatasetAttr"]:
         except Exception as err:
             if len(dataset_names) != 0:
                 raise ValueError(
-                    "Cannot open {} due to {}.".format(os.path.join(data_args.dataset_dir, DATA_CONFIG), str(err))
+                    "Cannot open {} due to {}.".format(
+                        os.path.join(data_args.dataset_dir, DATA_CONFIG), str(err)
+                    )
                 )
             dataset_info = None
 
     if data_args.interleave_probs is not None:
-        data_args.interleave_probs = [float(prob.strip()) for prob in data_args.interleave_probs.split(",")]
+        data_args.interleave_probs = [
+            float(prob.strip()) for prob in data_args.interleave_probs.split(",")
+        ]
 
     dataset_list: List[DatasetAttr] = []
     for name in dataset_names:
@@ -90,31 +98,42 @@ def get_dataset_list(data_args: "DataArguments") -> List["DatasetAttr"]:
 
         if has_hf_url or has_ms_url:
             if (use_modelscope() and has_ms_url) or (not has_hf_url):
-                dataset_attr = DatasetAttr("ms_hub", dataset_name=dataset_info[name]["ms_hub_url"])
+                dataset_attr = DatasetAttr(
+                    "ms_hub", dataset_name=dataset_info[name]["ms_hub_url"]
+                )
             else:
-                dataset_attr = DatasetAttr("hf_hub", dataset_name=dataset_info[name]["hf_hub_url"])
+                dataset_attr = DatasetAttr(
+                    "hf_hub", dataset_name=dataset_info[name]["hf_hub_url"]
+                )
         elif "script_url" in dataset_info[name]:
-            dataset_attr = DatasetAttr("script", dataset_name=dataset_info[name]["script_url"])
+            dataset_attr = DatasetAttr(
+                "script", dataset_name=dataset_info[name]["script_url"]
+            )
         else:
-            dataset_attr = DatasetAttr("file", dataset_name=dataset_info[name]["file_name"])
+            dataset_attr = DatasetAttr(
+                "file", dataset_name=dataset_info[name]["file_name"]
+            )
 
         dataset_attr.set_attr("file_sha1", dataset_info[name])
         dataset_attr.set_attr("subset", dataset_info[name])
         dataset_attr.set_attr("folder", dataset_info[name])
         dataset_attr.set_attr("ranking", dataset_info[name], default=False)
         dataset_attr.set_attr("formatting", dataset_info[name], default="alpaca")
+        dataset_attr.set_attr("images", dataset_info[name], default="")
 
         if "columns" in dataset_info[name]:
             column_names = ["system"]
             if dataset_attr.formatting == "alpaca":
                 column_names.extend(["prompt", "query", "response", "history"])
+            elif dataset_attr.formatting == "llava":
+                column_names.extend(["messages", "images"])
             else:
                 column_names.extend(["messages", "tools"])
 
             for column_name in column_names:
                 dataset_attr.set_attr(column_name, dataset_info[name]["columns"])
 
-        if dataset_attr.formatting == "sharegpt" and "tags" in dataset_info[name]:
+        if dataset_attr.formatting != "alpaca" and "tags" in dataset_info[name]:
             tag_names = (
                 "role_tag",
                 "content_tag",
diff --git a/src/llmtuner/data/preprocess.py b/src/llmtuner/data/preprocess.py
index 8494ba7e..dc72483f 100644
--- a/src/llmtuner/data/preprocess.py
+++ b/src/llmtuner/data/preprocess.py
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 from functools import partial
 from itertools import chain
-from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, Any, Callable, Dict, List, Literal, Tuple
+from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, Any, Callable, Dict, List, Literal, Tuple, Optional
 
 from ..extras.constants import IGNORE_INDEX
 from ..extras.logging import get_logger
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ from .utils import Role
 
 if TYPE_CHECKING:
     from transformers import Seq2SeqTrainingArguments
-    from transformers.tokenization_utils import PreTrainedTokenizer
+    from transformers.tokenization_utils import PreTrainedTokenizer, AutoProcessor
 
     from ..hparams import DataArguments
     from .template import Template
@@ -19,19 +19,27 @@ logger = get_logger(__name__)
 
 
 def preprocess_pretrain_dataset(
-    examples: Dict[str, List[Any]], tokenizer: "PreTrainedTokenizer", data_args: "DataArguments"
+    examples: Dict[str, List[Any]],
+    tokenizer: "PreTrainedTokenizer",
+    data_args: "DataArguments",
 ) -> Dict[str, List[List[int]]]:
     # build grouped texts with format `X1 X2 X3 ...` if packing is enabled
-    text_examples = [messages[0]["content"] + tokenizer.eos_token for messages in examples["prompt"]]
+    text_examples = [
+        messages[0]["content"] + tokenizer.eos_token for messages in examples["prompt"]
+    ]
 
     if not data_args.packing:
         if data_args.template == "gemma":
             text_examples = [tokenizer.bos_token + example for example in text_examples]
 
-        result = tokenizer(text_examples, add_special_tokens=False, max_length=data_args.cutoff_len)
+        result = tokenizer(
+            text_examples, add_special_tokens=False, max_length=data_args.cutoff_len
+        )
     else:
         tokenized_examples = tokenizer(text_examples, add_special_tokens=False)
-        concatenated_examples = {k: list(chain(*tokenized_examples[k])) for k in tokenized_examples.keys()}
+        concatenated_examples = {
+            k: list(chain(*tokenized_examples[k])) for k in tokenized_examples.keys()
+        }
         total_length = len(concatenated_examples[list(concatenated_examples.keys())[0]])
         block_size = data_args.cutoff_len
         total_length = (total_length // block_size) * block_size
@@ -54,7 +62,11 @@ def preprocess_supervised_dataset(
 ) -> Dict[str, List[List[int]]]:
     # build inputs with format `<bos> X Y <eos>` and labels with format `<ignore> ... <ignore> Y <eos>`
     # for multiturn examples, we only mask the prompt part in each prompt-response pair.
-    model_inputs = {"input_ids": [], "attention_mask": [], "labels": []}
+    model_inputs = {
+        "input_ids": [],
+        "attention_mask": [],
+        "labels": [],
+    }
 
     for i in range(len(examples["prompt"])):
         if len(examples["prompt"][i]) % 2 != 1 or len(examples["response"][i]) != 1:
@@ -75,7 +87,9 @@ def preprocess_supervised_dataset(
             if data_args.train_on_prompt:
                 source_mask = source_ids
             elif turn_idx != 0 and template.efficient_eos:
-                source_mask = [tokenizer.eos_token_id] + [IGNORE_INDEX] * (len(source_ids) - 1)
+                source_mask = [tokenizer.eos_token_id] + [IGNORE_INDEX] * (
+                    len(source_ids) - 1
+                )
             else:
                 source_mask = [IGNORE_INDEX] * len(source_ids)
 
@@ -114,7 +128,9 @@ def preprocess_packed_supervised_dataset(
             if data_args.train_on_prompt:
                 source_mask = source_ids
             elif len(input_ids) != 0 and template.efficient_eos:
-                source_mask = [tokenizer.eos_token_id] + [IGNORE_INDEX] * (len(source_ids) - 1)
+                source_mask = [tokenizer.eos_token_id] + [IGNORE_INDEX] * (
+                    len(source_ids) - 1
+                )
             else:
                 source_mask = [IGNORE_INDEX] * len(source_ids)
 
@@ -139,6 +155,64 @@ def preprocess_packed_supervised_dataset(
     return model_inputs
 
 
+def preprocess_multimodal_supervised_dataset(
+    examples: Dict[str, List[Any]],
+    processor: "AutoProcessor",
+    template: "Template",
+    data_args: "DataArguments",
+) -> Dict[str, List[List[int]]]:
+    # build inputs with format `<bos> X Y <eos>` and labels with format `<ignore> ... <ignore> Y <eos>`
+    # for multiturn examples, we only mask the prompt part in each prompt-response pair.
+    tokenizer = processor.tokenizer
+    model_inputs = {
+        "input_ids": [],
+        "attention_mask": [],
+        "labels": [],
+        "pixel_values": [],
+    }
+
+    for i in range(len(examples["prompt"])):
+        if len(examples["prompt"][i]) % 2 != 1 or len(examples["response"][i]) != 1:
+            continue
+
+        messages = examples["prompt"][i] + examples["response"][i]
+        input_ids, labels = [], []
+        for turn_idx, (source_ids, target_ids) in enumerate(
+            template.encode_multiturn(
+                tokenizer,
+                messages,
+                examples["system"][i],
+                examples["tools"][i],
+                data_args.cutoff_len,
+                data_args.reserved_label_len,
+            )
+        ):
+            if data_args.train_on_prompt:
+                source_mask = source_ids
+            elif turn_idx != 0 and template.efficient_eos:
+                source_mask = [tokenizer.eos_token_id] + [IGNORE_INDEX] * (
+                    len(source_ids) - 1
+                )
+            else:
+                source_mask = [IGNORE_INDEX] * len(source_ids)
+
+            input_ids += source_ids + target_ids
+            labels += source_mask + target_ids
+
+        if template.efficient_eos:
+            input_ids += [tokenizer.eos_token_id]
+            labels += [tokenizer.eos_token_id]
+
+        model_inputs["input_ids"].append(input_ids)
+        model_inputs["attention_mask"].append([1] * len(input_ids))
+        model_inputs["labels"].append(labels)
+        pixel_values = processor.image_processor(
+            examples["images"][0], return_tensors="pt"
+        )["pixel_values"][0]
+        model_inputs["pixel_values"].append(pixel_values)
+    return model_inputs
+
+
 def preprocess_unsupervised_dataset(
     examples: Dict[str, List[Any]],
     tokenizer: "PreTrainedTokenizer",
@@ -155,7 +229,9 @@ def preprocess_unsupervised_dataset(
         if len(examples["response"][i]) == 1:
             messages = examples["prompt"][i] + examples["response"][i]
         else:
-            messages = examples["prompt"][i] + [{"role": Role.ASSISTANT.value, "content": ""}]
+            messages = examples["prompt"][i] + [
+                {"role": Role.ASSISTANT.value, "content": ""}
+            ]
 
         input_ids, labels = template.encode_oneturn(
             tokenizer,
@@ -218,29 +294,58 @@ def preprocess_pairwise_dataset(
     return model_inputs
 
 
-def print_supervised_dataset_example(example: Dict[str, List[int]], tokenizer: "PreTrainedTokenizer") -> None:
+def print_supervised_dataset_example(
+    example: Dict[str, List[int]], tokenizer: "PreTrainedTokenizer"
+) -> None:
     print("input_ids:\n{}".format(example["input_ids"]))
-    print("inputs:\n{}".format(tokenizer.decode(example["input_ids"], skip_special_tokens=False)))
+    print(
+        "inputs:\n{}".format(
+            tokenizer.decode(example["input_ids"], skip_special_tokens=False)
+        )
+    )
     print("label_ids:\n{}".format(example["labels"]))
     print(
         "labels:\n{}".format(
-            tokenizer.decode(list(filter(lambda x: x != IGNORE_INDEX, example["labels"])), skip_special_tokens=False)
+            tokenizer.decode(
+                list(filter(lambda x: x != IGNORE_INDEX, example["labels"])),
+                skip_special_tokens=False,
+            )
         )
     )
 
 
-def print_pairwise_dataset_example(example: Dict[str, List[int]], tokenizer: "PreTrainedTokenizer") -> None:
+def print_pairwise_dataset_example(
+    example: Dict[str, List[int]], tokenizer: "PreTrainedTokenizer"
+) -> None:
     print("prompt_ids:\n{}".format(example["prompt_ids"]))
-    print("prompt:\n{}".format(tokenizer.decode(example["prompt_ids"], skip_special_tokens=False)))
+    print(
+        "prompt:\n{}".format(
+            tokenizer.decode(example["prompt_ids"], skip_special_tokens=False)
+        )
+    )
     print("chosen_ids:\n{}".format(example["chosen_ids"]))
-    print("chosen:\n{}".format(tokenizer.decode(example["chosen_ids"], skip_special_tokens=False)))
+    print(
+        "chosen:\n{}".format(
+            tokenizer.decode(example["chosen_ids"], skip_special_tokens=False)
+        )
+    )
     print("rejected_ids:\n{}".format(example["rejected_ids"]))
-    print("rejected:\n{}".format(tokenizer.decode(example["rejected_ids"], skip_special_tokens=False)))
+    print(
+        "rejected:\n{}".format(
+            tokenizer.decode(example["rejected_ids"], skip_special_tokens=False)
+        )
+    )
 
 
-def print_unsupervised_dataset_example(example: Dict[str, List[int]], tokenizer: "PreTrainedTokenizer") -> None:
+def print_unsupervised_dataset_example(
+    example: Dict[str, List[int]], tokenizer: "PreTrainedTokenizer"
+) -> None:
     print("input_ids:\n{}".format(example["input_ids"]))
-    print("inputs:\n{}".format(tokenizer.decode(example["input_ids"], skip_special_tokens=False)))
+    print(
+        "inputs:\n{}".format(
+            tokenizer.decode(example["input_ids"], skip_special_tokens=False)
+        )
+    )
 
 
 def get_preprocess_and_print_func(
@@ -249,30 +354,56 @@ def get_preprocess_and_print_func(
     data_args: "DataArguments",
     training_args: "Seq2SeqTrainingArguments",
     stage: Literal["pt", "sft", "rm", "ppo"],
+    processor: Optional["AutoProcessor"] = None,
 ) -> Tuple[Callable, Callable]:
     if stage == "pt":
-        preprocess_func = partial(preprocess_pretrain_dataset, tokenizer=tokenizer, data_args=data_args)
-        print_function = partial(print_unsupervised_dataset_example, tokenizer=tokenizer)
+        preprocess_func = partial(
+            preprocess_pretrain_dataset, tokenizer=tokenizer, data_args=data_args
+        )
+        print_function = partial(
+            print_unsupervised_dataset_example, tokenizer=tokenizer
+        )
     elif stage == "sft" and not training_args.predict_with_generate:
         if data_args.packing:
             preprocess_func = partial(
-                preprocess_packed_supervised_dataset, tokenizer=tokenizer, template=template, data_args=data_args
+                preprocess_packed_supervised_dataset,
+                tokenizer=tokenizer,
+                template=template,
+                data_args=data_args,
+            )
+        elif processor is not None:
+            preprocess_func = partial(
+                preprocess_multimodal_supervised_dataset,
+                processor=processor,
+                template=template,
+                data_args=data_args,
             )
         else:
             preprocess_func = partial(
-                preprocess_supervised_dataset, tokenizer=tokenizer, template=template, data_args=data_args
+                preprocess_supervised_dataset,
+                tokenizer=tokenizer,
+                template=template,
+                data_args=data_args,
             )
 
         print_function = partial(print_supervised_dataset_example, tokenizer=tokenizer)
     elif stage == "rm":
         preprocess_func = partial(
-            preprocess_pairwise_dataset, tokenizer=tokenizer, template=template, data_args=data_args
+            preprocess_pairwise_dataset,
+            tokenizer=tokenizer,
+            template=template,
+            data_args=data_args,
         )
         print_function = partial(print_pairwise_dataset_example, tokenizer=tokenizer)
     else:
         preprocess_func = partial(
-            preprocess_unsupervised_dataset, tokenizer=tokenizer, template=template, data_args=data_args
+            preprocess_unsupervised_dataset,
+            tokenizer=tokenizer,
+            template=template,
+            data_args=data_args,
+        )
+        print_function = partial(
+            print_unsupervised_dataset_example, tokenizer=tokenizer
         )
-        print_function = partial(print_unsupervised_dataset_example, tokenizer=tokenizer)
 
-    return preprocess_func, print_function
\ No newline at end of file
+    return preprocess_func, print_function
diff --git a/src/llmtuner/data/template.py b/src/llmtuner/data/template.py
index 73b22eb7..311660aa 100644
--- a/src/llmtuner/data/template.py
+++ b/src/llmtuner/data/template.py
@@ -42,7 +42,9 @@ class Template:
         r"""
         Returns a single pair of token ids representing prompt and response respectively.
         """
-        encoded_pairs = self._encode(tokenizer, messages, system, tools, cutoff_len, reserved_label_len)
+        encoded_pairs = self._encode(
+            tokenizer, messages, system, tools, cutoff_len, reserved_label_len
+        )
         prompt_ids = []
         for query_ids, resp_ids in encoded_pairs[:-1]:
             prompt_ids += query_ids + resp_ids
@@ -62,7 +64,9 @@ class Template:
         r"""
         Returns multiple pairs of token ids representing prompts and responses respectively.
         """
-        return self._encode(tokenizer, messages, system, tools, cutoff_len, reserved_label_len)
+        return self._encode(
+            tokenizer, messages, system, tools, cutoff_len, reserved_label_len
+        )
 
     def _encode(
         self,
@@ -89,7 +93,9 @@ class Template:
                 elements += self.format_separator.apply()
 
             if message["role"] == Role.USER.value:
-                elements += self.format_user.apply(content=message["content"], idx=str(i // 2))
+                elements += self.format_user.apply(
+                    content=message["content"], idx=str(i // 2)
+                )
             elif message["role"] == Role.ASSISTANT.value:
                 elements += self.format_assistant.apply(content=message["content"])
             elif message["role"] == Role.OBSERVATION.value:
@@ -104,7 +110,9 @@ class Template:
         return self._make_pairs(encoded_messages, cutoff_len, reserved_label_len)
 
     def _convert_elements_to_ids(
-        self, tokenizer: "PreTrainedTokenizer", elements: List[Union[str, Dict[str, str]]]
+        self,
+        tokenizer: "PreTrainedTokenizer",
+        elements: List[Union[str, Dict[str, str]]],
     ) -> List[int]:
         r"""
         Converts elements to token ids.
@@ -122,7 +130,11 @@ class Template:
                 elif "eos_token" in elem and tokenizer.eos_token_id is not None:
                     token_ids += [tokenizer.eos_token_id]
             else:
-                raise ValueError("Input must be string, set[str] or dict[str, str], got {}".format(type(elem)))
+                raise ValueError(
+                    "Input must be string, set[str] or dict[str, str], got {}".format(
+                        type(elem)
+                    )
+                )
 
         return token_ids
 
@@ -180,7 +192,9 @@ class Llama2Template(Template):
                 elements += self.format_separator.apply()
 
             if message["role"] == Role.USER.value:
-                elements += self.format_user.apply(content=system_text + message["content"])
+                elements += self.format_user.apply(
+                    content=system_text + message["content"]
+                )
             elif message["role"] == Role.ASSISTANT.value:
                 elements += self.format_assistant.apply(content=message["content"])
             elif message["role"] == Role.OBSERVATION.value:
@@ -243,7 +257,9 @@ def _register_template(
     template_class = Llama2Template if name.startswith("llama2") else Template
     default_user_formatter = StringFormatter(slots=["{{content}}"])
     default_assistant_formatter = StringFormatter(slots=["{{content}}"] + eos_slots)
-    default_function_formatter = FunctionFormatter(slots=["Action: {{name}}\nAction Input: {{arguments}}"] + eos_slots)
+    default_function_formatter = FunctionFormatter(
+        slots=["Action: {{name}}\nAction Input: {{arguments}}"] + eos_slots
+    )
     default_tool_formatter = ToolFormatter(tool_format="default")
     default_separator_formatter = EmptyFormatter()
     templates[name] = template_class(
@@ -279,7 +295,9 @@ def _jinja_escape(content: str) -> str:
     return content.replace("\n", r"\n").replace("'", r"\'")
 
 
-def _convert_slots_to_jinja(slots: "SLOTS", tokenizer: "PreTrainedTokenizer", placeholder: str = "content") -> str:
+def _convert_slots_to_jinja(
+    slots: "SLOTS", tokenizer: "PreTrainedTokenizer", placeholder: str = "content"
+) -> str:
     slot_items = []
     for slot in slots:
         if isinstance(slot, str):
@@ -293,7 +311,9 @@ def _convert_slots_to_jinja(slots: "SLOTS", tokenizer: "PreTrainedTokenizer", pl
         elif isinstance(slot, set):
             if "bos_token" in slot:
                 slot_items.append("'" + tokenizer.bos_token + "'")
-            elif "eos_token" in slot:  # do not use {{ eos_token }} since it may be replaced
+            elif (
+                "eos_token" in slot
+            ):  # do not use {{ eos_token }} since it may be replaced
                 slot_items.append("'" + tokenizer.eos_token + "'")
         elif isinstance(slot, dict):
             raise ValueError("Dict is not supported.")
@@ -305,25 +325,37 @@ def _get_jinja_template(template: "Template", tokenizer: "PreTrainedTokenizer")
     jinja_template = ""
 
     if template.default_system:
-        jinja_template += "{% set system_message = '" + _jinja_escape(template.default_system) + "' %}"
+        jinja_template += (
+            "{% set system_message = '"
+            + _jinja_escape(template.default_system)
+            + "' %}"
+        )
 
     jinja_template += (
-        "{% if messages[0]['role'] == 'system' %}" "{% set system_message = messages[0]['content'] %}" "{% endif %}"
+        "{% if messages[0]['role'] == 'system' %}"
+        "{% set system_message = messages[0]['content'] %}"
+        "{% endif %}"
     )
 
-    system_message = _convert_slots_to_jinja(template.format_system.apply(), tokenizer, placeholder="system_message")
+    system_message = _convert_slots_to_jinja(
+        template.format_system.apply(), tokenizer, placeholder="system_message"
+    )
     if isinstance(template, Llama2Template):
         pass
     elif template.force_system:
         jinja_template += "{{ " + system_message + " }}"
     else:
-        jinja_template += "{% if system_message is defined %}{{ " + system_message + " }}{% endif %}"
+        jinja_template += (
+            "{% if system_message is defined %}{{ " + system_message + " }}{% endif %}"
+        )
 
     jinja_template += "{% for message in messages %}"
     jinja_template += "{% set content = message['content'] %}"
     if isinstance(template, Llama2Template):
         jinja_template += "{% if loop.index0 == 0 and system_message is defined %}"
-        jinja_template += "{% set content = " + system_message + " + message['content'] %}"
+        jinja_template += (
+            "{% set content = " + system_message + " + message['content'] %}"
+        )
         jinja_template += "{% endif %}"
     jinja_template += "{% if message['role'] == 'user' %}"
     user_message = _convert_slots_to_jinja(template.format_user.apply(), tokenizer)
@@ -366,11 +398,14 @@ def get_template_and_fix_tokenizer(
 
     if stop_words:
         num_added_tokens = tokenizer.add_special_tokens(
-            dict(additional_special_tokens=stop_words), replace_additional_special_tokens=False
+            dict(additional_special_tokens=stop_words),
+            replace_additional_special_tokens=False,
         )
         logger.info("Add {} to stop words.".format(",".join(stop_words)))
         if num_added_tokens > 0:
-            logger.warning("New tokens have been added, make sure `resize_vocab` is True.")
+            logger.warning(
+                "New tokens have been added, make sure `resize_vocab` is True."
+            )
 
     try:
         tokenizer.chat_template = _get_jinja_template(template, tokenizer)
@@ -382,7 +417,9 @@ def get_template_and_fix_tokenizer(
 
 _register_template(
     name="alpaca",
-    format_user=StringFormatter(slots=["### Instruction:\n{{content}}\n\n### Response:\n"]),
+    format_user=StringFormatter(
+        slots=["### Instruction:\n{{content}}\n\n### Response:\n"]
+    ),
     format_separator=EmptyFormatter(slots=["\n\n"]),
     default_system=(
         "Below is an instruction that describes a task. "
@@ -407,7 +444,13 @@ _register_template(
 _register_template(
     name="atom",
     format_user=StringFormatter(
-        slots=[{"bos_token"}, "Human: {{content}}\n", {"eos_token"}, {"bos_token"}, "Assistant:"]
+        slots=[
+            {"bos_token"},
+            "Human: {{content}}\n",
+            {"eos_token"},
+            {"bos_token"},
+            "Assistant:",
+        ]
     ),
     format_assistant=StringFormatter(slots=["{{content}}\n", {"eos_token"}]),
 )
@@ -415,7 +458,9 @@ _register_template(
 
 _register_template(
     name="baichuan",
-    format_user=StringFormatter(slots=[{"token": "<reserved_102>"}, "{{content}}", {"token": "<reserved_103>"}]),
+    format_user=StringFormatter(
+        slots=[{"token": "<reserved_102>"}, "{{content}}", {"token": "<reserved_103>"}]
+    ),
     efficient_eos=True,
 )
 
@@ -438,7 +483,9 @@ _register_template(
 
 _register_template(
     name="bluelm",
-    format_user=StringFormatter(slots=[{"token": "[|Human|]:"}, "{{content}}", {"token": "[|AI|]:"}]),
+    format_user=StringFormatter(
+        slots=[{"token": "[|Human|]:"}, "{{content}}", {"token": "[|AI|]:"}]
+    ),
 )
 
 
@@ -457,7 +504,9 @@ _register_template(
 _register_template(
     name="chatglm2",
     format_user=StringFormatter(slots=["[Round {{idx}}]\n\n问：{{content}}\n\n答："]),
-    format_system=StringFormatter(slots=[{"token": "[gMASK]"}, {"token": "sop"}, "{{content}}"]),
+    format_system=StringFormatter(
+        slots=[{"token": "[gMASK]"}, {"token": "sop"}, "{{content}}"]
+    ),
     format_separator=EmptyFormatter(slots=["\n\n"]),
     efficient_eos=True,
     force_system=True,
@@ -466,12 +515,21 @@ _register_template(
 
 _register_template(
     name="chatglm3",
-    format_user=StringFormatter(slots=[{"token": "<|user|>"}, "\n", "{{content}}", {"token": "<|assistant|>"}]),
+    format_user=StringFormatter(
+        slots=[{"token": "<|user|>"}, "\n", "{{content}}", {"token": "<|assistant|>"}]
+    ),
     format_assistant=StringFormatter(slots=["\n", "{{content}}"]),
-    format_system=StringFormatter(slots=[{"token": "[gMASK]"}, {"token": "sop"}, "{{content}}"]),
+    format_system=StringFormatter(
+        slots=[{"token": "[gMASK]"}, {"token": "sop"}, "{{content}}"]
+    ),
     format_function=FunctionFormatter(slots=["{{name}}\n{{arguments}}"]),
     format_observation=StringFormatter(
-        slots=[{"token": "<|observation|>"}, "\n", "{{content}}", {"token": "<|assistant|>"}]
+        slots=[
+            {"token": "<|observation|>"},
+            "\n",
+            "{{content}}",
+            {"token": "<|assistant|>"},
+        ]
     ),
     stop_words=["<|user|>", "<|observation|>"],
     efficient_eos=True,
@@ -481,14 +539,27 @@ _register_template(
 
 _register_template(
     name="chatglm3_system",
-    format_user=StringFormatter(slots=[{"token": "<|user|>"}, "\n", "{{content}}", {"token": "<|assistant|>"}]),
+    format_user=StringFormatter(
+        slots=[{"token": "<|user|>"}, "\n", "{{content}}", {"token": "<|assistant|>"}]
+    ),
     format_assistant=StringFormatter(slots=["\n", "{{content}}"]),
     format_system=StringFormatter(
-        slots=[{"token": "[gMASK]"}, {"token": "sop"}, {"token": "<|system|>"}, "\n", "{{content}}"]
+        slots=[
+            {"token": "[gMASK]"},
+            {"token": "sop"},
+            {"token": "<|system|>"},
+            "\n",
+            "{{content}}",
+        ]
     ),
     format_function=FunctionFormatter(slots=["{{name}}\n{{arguments}}"]),
     format_observation=StringFormatter(
-        slots=[{"token": "<|observation|>"}, "\n", "{{content}}", {"token": "<|assistant|>"}]
+        slots=[
+            {"token": "<|observation|>"},
+            "\n",
+            "{{content}}",
+            {"token": "<|assistant|>"},
+        ]
     ),
     default_system=(
         "You are ChatGLM3, a large language model trained by Zhipu.AI. "
@@ -501,9 +572,15 @@ _register_template(
 
 _register_template(
     name="chatml",
-    format_user=StringFormatter(slots=["<|im_start|>user\n{{content}}<|im_end|>\n<|im_start|>assistant\n"]),
-    format_system=StringFormatter(slots=["<|im_start|>system\n{{content}}<|im_end|>\n"]),
-    format_observation=StringFormatter(slots=["<|im_start|>tool\n{{content}}<|im_end|>\n<|im_start|>assistant\n"]),
+    format_user=StringFormatter(
+        slots=["<|im_start|>user\n{{content}}<|im_end|>\n<|im_start|>assistant\n"]
+    ),
+    format_system=StringFormatter(
+        slots=["<|im_start|>system\n{{content}}<|im_end|>\n"]
+    ),
+    format_observation=StringFormatter(
+        slots=["<|im_start|>tool\n{{content}}<|im_end|>\n<|im_start|>assistant\n"]
+    ),
     format_separator=EmptyFormatter(slots=["\n"]),
     stop_words=["<|im_end|>", "<|im_start|>"],
     replace_eos=True,
@@ -512,9 +589,15 @@ _register_template(
 
 _register_template(
     name="chatml_de",
-    format_user=StringFormatter(slots=["<|im_start|>user\n{{content}}<|im_end|>\n<|im_start|>assistant\n"]),
-    format_system=StringFormatter(slots=["<|im_start|>system\n{{content}}<|im_end|>\n"]),
-    format_observation=StringFormatter(slots=["<|im_start|>tool\n{{content}}<|im_end|>\n<|im_start|>assistant\n"]),
+    format_user=StringFormatter(
+        slots=["<|im_start|>user\n{{content}}<|im_end|>\n<|im_start|>assistant\n"]
+    ),
+    format_system=StringFormatter(
+        slots=["<|im_start|>system\n{{content}}<|im_end|>\n"]
+    ),
+    format_observation=StringFormatter(
+        slots=["<|im_start|>tool\n{{content}}<|im_end|>\n<|im_start|>assistant\n"]
+    ),
     format_separator=EmptyFormatter(slots=["\n"]),
     default_system="Du bist ein freundlicher und hilfsbereiter KI-Assistent.",
     stop_words=["<|im_end|>", "<|im_start|>"],
@@ -524,7 +607,9 @@ _register_template(
 
 _register_template(
     name="codegeex2",
-    format_system=StringFormatter(slots=[{"token": "[gMASK]"}, {"token": "sop"}, "{{content}}"]),
+    format_system=StringFormatter(
+        slots=[{"token": "[gMASK]"}, {"token": "sop"}, "{{content}}"]
+    ),
     force_system=True,
 )
 
@@ -554,9 +639,15 @@ _register_template(
 
 _register_template(
     name="dbrx",
-    format_user=StringFormatter(slots=["<|im_start|>user\n{{content}}<|im_end|>\n<|im_start|>assistant\n"]),
-    format_system=StringFormatter(slots=["<|im_start|>system\n{{content}}<|im_end|>\n"]),
-    format_observation=StringFormatter(slots=["<|im_start|>tool\n{{content}}<|im_end|>\n<|im_start|>assistant\n"]),
+    format_user=StringFormatter(
+        slots=["<|im_start|>user\n{{content}}<|im_end|>\n<|im_start|>assistant\n"]
+    ),
+    format_system=StringFormatter(
+        slots=["<|im_start|>system\n{{content}}<|im_end|>\n"]
+    ),
+    format_observation=StringFormatter(
+        slots=["<|im_start|>tool\n{{content}}<|im_end|>\n<|im_start|>assistant\n"]
+    ),
     format_separator=EmptyFormatter(slots=["\n"]),
     default_system=(
         "You are DBRX, created by Databricks. You were last updated in December 2023. "
@@ -634,7 +725,9 @@ _register_template(
 
 _register_template(
     name="gemma",
-    format_user=StringFormatter(slots=["<start_of_turn>user\n{{content}}<end_of_turn>\n<start_of_turn>model\n"]),
+    format_user=StringFormatter(
+        slots=["<start_of_turn>user\n{{content}}<end_of_turn>\n<start_of_turn>model\n"]
+    ),
     format_system=StringFormatter(slots=[{"bos_token"}, "{{content}}"]),
     format_observation=StringFormatter(
         slots=["<start_of_turn>tool\n{{content}}<end_of_turn>\n<start_of_turn>model\n"]
@@ -647,7 +740,9 @@ _register_template(
 
 _register_template(
     name="intern",
-    format_user=StringFormatter(slots=["<|User|>:{{content}}", {"token": "<eoh>"}, "\n<|Bot|>:"]),
+    format_user=StringFormatter(
+        slots=["<|User|>:{{content}}", {"token": "<eoh>"}, "\n<|Bot|>:"]
+    ),
     format_separator=EmptyFormatter(slots=[{"token": "<eoa>"}, "\n"]),
     stop_words=["<eoa>"],
     efficient_eos=True,
@@ -656,8 +751,12 @@ _register_template(
 
 _register_template(
     name="intern2",
-    format_user=StringFormatter(slots=["<|im_start|>user\n{{content}}<|im_end|>\n<|im_start|>assistant\n"]),
-    format_system=StringFormatter(slots=[{"bos_token"}, "<|im_start|>system\n{{content}}<|im_end|>\n"]),
+    format_user=StringFormatter(
+        slots=["<|im_start|>user\n{{content}}<|im_end|>\n<|im_start|>assistant\n"]
+    ),
+    format_system=StringFormatter(
+        slots=[{"bos_token"}, "<|im_start|>system\n{{content}}<|im_end|>\n"]
+    ),
     format_separator=EmptyFormatter(slots=["\n"]),
     default_system=(
         "You are an AI assistant whose name is InternLM (书生·浦语).\n"
@@ -707,7 +806,10 @@ _register_template(
         ]
     ),
     format_system=StringFormatter(
-        slots=[{"bos_token"}, "<|start_header_id|>system<|end_header_id|>\n\n{{content}}<|eot_id|>"]
+        slots=[
+            {"bos_token"},
+            "<|start_header_id|>system<|end_header_id|>\n\n{{content}}<|eot_id|>",
+        ]
     ),
     format_observation=StringFormatter(
         slots=[
@@ -742,7 +844,13 @@ _register_template(
 
 _register_template(
     name="openchat",
-    format_user=StringFormatter(slots=["GPT4 Correct User: {{content}}", {"eos_token"}, "GPT4 Correct Assistant:"]),
+    format_user=StringFormatter(
+        slots=[
+            "GPT4 Correct User: {{content}}",
+            {"eos_token"},
+            "GPT4 Correct Assistant:",
+        ]
+    ),
     format_assistant=StringFormatter(slots=["{{content}}", {"eos_token"}]),
     format_system=StringFormatter(slots=[{"bos_token"}, "{{content}}"]),
     force_system=True,
@@ -751,7 +859,9 @@ _register_template(
 
 _register_template(
     name="orion",
-    format_user=StringFormatter(slots=["Human: {{content}}\n\nAssistant: ", {"eos_token"}]),
+    format_user=StringFormatter(
+        slots=["Human: {{content}}\n\nAssistant: ", {"eos_token"}]
+    ),
     format_system=StringFormatter(slots=[{"bos_token"}, "{{content}}"]),
     force_system=True,
 )
@@ -759,9 +869,15 @@ _register_template(
 
 _register_template(
     name="phi",
-    format_user=StringFormatter(slots=["<|user|>\n{{content}}<|end|>\n<|assistant|>\n"]),
-    format_system=StringFormatter(slots=[{"bos_token"}, "<|system|>\n{{content}}<|end|>\n"]),
-    format_observation=StringFormatter(slots=["<|function_output|>\n{{content}}<|end|>\n<|assistant|>\n"]),
+    format_user=StringFormatter(
+        slots=["<|user|>\n{{content}}<|end|>\n<|assistant|>\n"]
+    ),
+    format_system=StringFormatter(
+        slots=[{"bos_token"}, "<|system|>\n{{content}}<|end|>\n"]
+    ),
+    format_observation=StringFormatter(
+        slots=["<|function_output|>\n{{content}}<|end|>\n<|assistant|>\n"]
+    ),
     format_separator=EmptyFormatter(slots=["\n"]),
     default_system="You are a helpful AI assistant.",
     stop_words=["<|end|>"],
@@ -771,9 +887,15 @@ _register_template(
 
 _register_template(
     name="qwen",
-    format_user=StringFormatter(slots=["<|im_start|>user\n{{content}}<|im_end|>\n<|im_start|>assistant\n"]),
-    format_system=StringFormatter(slots=["<|im_start|>system\n{{content}}<|im_end|>\n"]),
-    format_observation=StringFormatter(slots=["<|im_start|>tool\n{{content}}<|im_end|>\n<|im_start|>assistant\n"]),
+    format_user=StringFormatter(
+        slots=["<|im_start|>user\n{{content}}<|im_end|>\n<|im_start|>assistant\n"]
+    ),
+    format_system=StringFormatter(
+        slots=["<|im_start|>system\n{{content}}<|im_end|>\n"]
+    ),
+    format_observation=StringFormatter(
+        slots=["<|im_start|>tool\n{{content}}<|im_end|>\n<|im_start|>assistant\n"]
+    ),
     format_separator=EmptyFormatter(slots=["\n"]),
     default_system="You are a helpful assistant.",
     stop_words=["<|im_end|>"],
@@ -829,8 +951,12 @@ _register_template(
 
 _register_template(
     name="yayi",
-    format_user=StringFormatter(slots=[{"token": "<|Human|>"}, ":\n{{content}}\n\n", {"token": "<|YaYi|>"}, ":"]),
-    format_system=StringFormatter(slots=[{"token": "<|System|>"}, ":\n{{content}}\n\n"]),
+    format_user=StringFormatter(
+        slots=[{"token": "<|Human|>"}, ":\n{{content}}\n\n", {"token": "<|YaYi|>"}, ":"]
+    ),
+    format_system=StringFormatter(
+        slots=[{"token": "<|System|>"}, ":\n{{content}}\n\n"]
+    ),
     format_separator=EmptyFormatter(slots=["\n\n"]),
     default_system=(
         "You are a helpful, respectful and honest assistant named YaYi "
@@ -849,7 +975,9 @@ _register_template(
 
 _register_template(
     name="yi",
-    format_user=StringFormatter(slots=["<|im_start|>user\n{{content}}<|im_end|>\n<|im_start|>assistant\n"]),
+    format_user=StringFormatter(
+        slots=["<|im_start|>user\n{{content}}<|im_end|>\n<|im_start|>assistant\n"]
+    ),
     format_separator=EmptyFormatter(slots=["\n"]),
     stop_words=["<|im_end|>"],
     replace_eos=True,
@@ -867,7 +995,9 @@ _register_template(
 
 _register_template(
     name="zephyr",
-    format_user=StringFormatter(slots=["<|user|>\n{{content}}", {"eos_token"}, "<|assistant|>"]),
+    format_user=StringFormatter(
+        slots=["<|user|>\n{{content}}", {"eos_token"}, "<|assistant|>"]
+    ),
     format_assistant=StringFormatter(slots=["\n{{content}}", {"eos_token"}]),
     format_system=StringFormatter(slots=["<|system|>\n{{content}}", {"eos_token"}]),
     default_system="You are a friendly chatbot who always responds in the style of a pirate",
@@ -879,3 +1009,13 @@ _register_template(
     format_user=StringFormatter(slots=["<human>:{{content}}\n<bot>:"]),
     format_separator=EmptyFormatter(slots=["\n"]),
 )
+
+_register_template(
+    name="llava",
+    format_user=StringFormatter(slots=["USER: {{content}} "]),
+    format_assistant=StringFormatter(slots=["ASSISTANT: {{content}}"]),
+    default_system=(
+        "A chat between a curious user and an artificial intelligence assistant. "
+        "The assistant gives helpful, detailed, and polite answers to the user's questions."
+    ),
+)
diff --git a/src/llmtuner/hparams/model_args.py b/src/llmtuner/hparams/model_args.py
index a6e4b710..63fc7f02 100644
--- a/src/llmtuner/hparams/model_args.py
+++ b/src/llmtuner/hparams/model_args.py
@@ -15,23 +15,33 @@ class ModelArguments:
     )
     adapter_name_or_path: Optional[str] = field(
         default=None,
-        metadata={"help": "Path to the adapter weight or identifier from huggingface.co/models."},
+        metadata={
+            "help": "Path to the adapter weight or identifier from huggingface.co/models."
+        },
     )
     cache_dir: Optional[str] = field(
         default=None,
-        metadata={"help": "Where to store the pre-trained models downloaded from huggingface.co or modelscope.cn."},
+        metadata={
+            "help": "Where to store the pre-trained models downloaded from huggingface.co or modelscope.cn."
+        },
     )
     use_fast_tokenizer: bool = field(
         default=True,
-        metadata={"help": "Whether or not to use one of the fast tokenizer (backed by the tokenizers library)."},
+        metadata={
+            "help": "Whether or not to use one of the fast tokenizer (backed by the tokenizers library)."
+        },
     )
     resize_vocab: bool = field(
         default=False,
-        metadata={"help": "Whether or not to resize the tokenizer vocab and the embedding layers."},
+        metadata={
+            "help": "Whether or not to resize the tokenizer vocab and the embedding layers."
+        },
     )
     split_special_tokens: bool = field(
         default=False,
-        metadata={"help": "Whether or not the special tokens should be split during the tokenization process."},
+        metadata={
+            "help": "Whether or not the special tokens should be split during the tokenization process."
+        },
     )
     new_special_tokens: Optional[str] = field(
         default=None,
@@ -39,7 +49,9 @@ class ModelArguments:
     )
     model_revision: str = field(
         default="main",
-        metadata={"help": "The specific model version to use (can be a branch name, tag name or commit id)."},
+        metadata={
+            "help": "The specific model version to use (can be a branch name, tag name or commit id)."
+        },
     )
     low_cpu_mem_usage: bool = field(
         default=True,
@@ -47,7 +59,9 @@ class ModelArguments:
     )
     quantization_bit: Optional[int] = field(
         default=None,
-        metadata={"help": "The number of bits to quantize the model using bitsandbytes."},
+        metadata={
+            "help": "The number of bits to quantize the model using bitsandbytes."
+        },
     )
     quantization_type: Literal["fp4", "nf4"] = field(
         default="nf4",
@@ -55,15 +69,21 @@ class ModelArguments:
     )
     double_quantization: bool = field(
         default=True,
-        metadata={"help": "Whether or not to use double quantization in int4 training."},
+        metadata={
+            "help": "Whether or not to use double quantization in int4 training."
+        },
     )
     quantization_device_map: Optional[Literal["auto"]] = field(
         default=None,
-        metadata={"help": "Device map used to infer the 4-bit quantized model, needs bitsandbytes>=0.43.0."},
+        metadata={
+            "help": "Device map used to infer the 4-bit quantized model, needs bitsandbytes>=0.43.0."
+        },
     )
     rope_scaling: Optional[Literal["linear", "dynamic"]] = field(
         default=None,
-        metadata={"help": "Which scaling strategy should be adopted for the RoPE embeddings."},
+        metadata={
+            "help": "Which scaling strategy should be adopted for the RoPE embeddings."
+        },
     )
     flash_attn: Literal["off", "sdpa", "fa2", "auto"] = field(
         default="auto",
@@ -71,19 +91,27 @@ class ModelArguments:
     )
     shift_attn: bool = field(
         default=False,
-        metadata={"help": "Enable shift short attention (S^2-Attn) proposed by LongLoRA."},
+        metadata={
+            "help": "Enable shift short attention (S^2-Attn) proposed by LongLoRA."
+        },
     )
     mixture_of_depths: Optional[Literal["convert", "load"]] = field(
         default=None,
-        metadata={"help": "Convert the model to mixture-of-depths (MoD) or load the MoD model."},
+        metadata={
+            "help": "Convert the model to mixture-of-depths (MoD) or load the MoD model."
+        },
     )
     use_unsloth: bool = field(
         default=False,
-        metadata={"help": "Whether or not to use unsloth's optimization for the LoRA training."},
+        metadata={
+            "help": "Whether or not to use unsloth's optimization for the LoRA training."
+        },
     )
     moe_aux_loss_coef: Optional[float] = field(
         default=None,
-        metadata={"help": "Coefficient of the auxiliary router loss in mixture-of-experts model."},
+        metadata={
+            "help": "Coefficient of the auxiliary router loss in mixture-of-experts model."
+        },
     )
     disable_gradient_checkpointing: bool = field(
         default=False,
@@ -107,7 +135,9 @@ class ModelArguments:
     )
     vllm_gpu_util: float = field(
         default=0.9,
-        metadata={"help": "The fraction of GPU memory in (0,1) to be used for the vLLM engine."},
+        metadata={
+            "help": "The fraction of GPU memory in (0,1) to be used for the vLLM engine."
+        },
     )
     vllm_enforce_eager: bool = field(
         default=False,
@@ -147,7 +177,9 @@ class ModelArguments:
     )
     export_quantization_dataset: Optional[str] = field(
         default=None,
-        metadata={"help": "Path to the dataset or dataset name to use in quantizing the exported model."},
+        metadata={
+            "help": "Path to the dataset or dataset name to use in quantizing the exported model."
+        },
     )
     export_quantization_nsamples: int = field(
         default=128,
@@ -155,19 +187,27 @@ class ModelArguments:
     )
     export_quantization_maxlen: int = field(
         default=1024,
-        metadata={"help": "The maximum length of the model inputs used for quantization."},
+        metadata={
+            "help": "The maximum length of the model inputs used for quantization."
+        },
     )
     export_legacy_format: bool = field(
         default=False,
-        metadata={"help": "Whether or not to save the `.bin` files instead of `.safetensors`."},
+        metadata={
+            "help": "Whether or not to save the `.bin` files instead of `.safetensors`."
+        },
     )
     export_hub_model_id: Optional[str] = field(
         default=None,
-        metadata={"help": "The name of the repository if push the model to the Hugging Face hub."},
+        metadata={
+            "help": "The name of the repository if push the model to the Hugging Face hub."
+        },
     )
     print_param_status: bool = field(
         default=False,
-        metadata={"help": "For debugging purposes, print the status of the parameters in the model."},
+        metadata={
+            "help": "For debugging purposes, print the status of the parameters in the model."
+        },
     )
     use_mllm: bool = field(
         default=False,
@@ -180,18 +220,39 @@ class ModelArguments:
         self.model_max_length = None
 
         if self.split_special_tokens and self.use_fast_tokenizer:
-            raise ValueError("`split_special_tokens` is only supported for slow tokenizers.")
+            raise ValueError(
+                "`split_special_tokens` is only supported for slow tokenizers."
+            )
 
-        if self.adapter_name_or_path is not None:  # support merging multiple lora weights
-            self.adapter_name_or_path = [path.strip() for path in self.adapter_name_or_path.split(",")]
+        if (
+            self.adapter_name_or_path is not None
+        ):  # support merging multiple lora weights
+            self.adapter_name_or_path = [
+                path.strip() for path in self.adapter_name_or_path.split(",")
+            ]
 
         if self.new_special_tokens is not None:  # support multiple special tokens
-            self.new_special_tokens = [token.strip() for token in self.new_special_tokens.split(",")]
+            self.new_special_tokens = [
+                token.strip() for token in self.new_special_tokens.split(",")
+            ]
 
-        assert self.quantization_bit in [None, 8, 4], "We only accept 4-bit or 8-bit quantization."
-        assert self.export_quantization_bit in [None, 8, 4, 3, 2], "We only accept 2/3/4/8-bit quantization."
+        assert self.quantization_bit in [
+            None,
+            8,
+            4,
+        ], "We only accept 4-bit or 8-bit quantization."
+        assert self.export_quantization_bit in [
+            None,
+            8,
+            4,
+            3,
+            2,
+        ], "We only accept 2/3/4/8-bit quantization."
 
-        if self.export_quantization_bit is not None and self.export_quantization_dataset is None:
+        if (
+            self.export_quantization_bit is not None
+            and self.export_quantization_dataset is None
+        ):
             raise ValueError("Quantization dataset is necessary for exporting.")
 
     def to_dict(self) -> Dict[str, Any]:
diff --git a/src/llmtuner/model/adapter.py b/src/llmtuner/model/adapter.py
index bcefee92..e65798b7 100644
--- a/src/llmtuner/model/adapter.py
+++ b/src/llmtuner/model/adapter.py
@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ from .utils.unsloth import get_unsloth_peft_model, load_unsloth_peft_model
 
 
 if TYPE_CHECKING:
-    from transformers import PretrainedConfig, PreTrainedModel, AutoModelForVision2Seq
+    from transformers import PretrainedConfig, PreTrainedModel
 
     from ..hparams import FinetuningArguments, ModelArguments
 
@@ -21,11 +21,11 @@ logger = get_logger(__name__)
 
 def init_adapter(
     config: "PretrainedConfig",
-    model: Union["PreTrainedModel","AutoModelForVision2Seq"],
+    model: Union["PreTrainedModel"],
     model_args: "ModelArguments",
     finetuning_args: "FinetuningArguments",
     is_trainable: bool,
-) -> Union["PreTrainedModel","AutoModelForVision2Seq"]:
+) -> Union["PreTrainedModel"]:
     r"""
     Initializes the adapters.
 
@@ -38,7 +38,9 @@ def init_adapter(
         logger.info("Adapter is not found at evaluation, load the base model.")
         return model
 
-    if finetuning_args.finetuning_type != "lora" and getattr(model, "quantization_method", None):
+    if finetuning_args.finetuning_type != "lora" and getattr(
+        model, "quantization_method", None
+    ):
         raise ValueError("You can only use lora for quantized models.")
 
     if finetuning_args.finetuning_type == "full" and is_trainable:
@@ -49,9 +51,9 @@ def init_adapter(
     if finetuning_args.finetuning_type == "freeze" and is_trainable:
         logger.info("Fine-tuning method: Freeze")
         num_layers = (
-                getattr(model.config, "num_hidden_layers", None)
-                or getattr(model.config, "num_layers", None)
-                or getattr(model.config, "n_layer", None)
+            getattr(model.config, "num_hidden_layers", None)
+            or getattr(model.config, "num_layers", None)
+            or getattr(model.config, "n_layer", None)
         )
         if not num_layers:
             raise ValueError("Current model does not support freeze tuning.")
@@ -66,8 +68,12 @@ def init_adapter(
 
             stride = num_layers // finetuning_args.num_layer_trainable
             trainable_layer_ids = range(stride - 1, num_layers + stride - 1, stride)
-        elif finetuning_args.num_layer_trainable > 0:  # fine-tuning the last n layers if num_layer_trainable > 0
-            trainable_layer_ids = range(num_layers - finetuning_args.num_layer_trainable, num_layers)
+        elif (
+            finetuning_args.num_layer_trainable > 0
+        ):  # fine-tuning the last n layers if num_layer_trainable > 0
+            trainable_layer_ids = range(
+                num_layers - finetuning_args.num_layer_trainable, num_layers
+            )
         else:  # fine-tuning the first n layers if num_layer_trainable < 0
             trainable_layer_ids = range(-finetuning_args.num_layer_trainable)
 
@@ -82,11 +88,15 @@ def init_adapter(
         for module_name in finetuning_args.name_module_trainable:
             if module_name not in freeze_modules:
                 raise ValueError(
-                    "Module {} is not found, please choose from {}".format(module_name, ", ".join(freeze_modules))
+                    "Module {} is not found, please choose from {}".format(
+                        module_name, ", ".join(freeze_modules)
+                    )
                 )
 
             for idx in trainable_layer_ids:
-                trainable_layers.append(".{:d}.{}".format(idx, module_name if module_name != "all" else ""))
+                trainable_layers.append(
+                    ".{:d}.{}".format(idx, module_name if module_name != "all" else "")
+                )
 
         for name, param in model.named_parameters():
             if any(trainable_layer in name for trainable_layer in trainable_layers):
@@ -95,27 +105,43 @@ def init_adapter(
             else:
                 param.requires_grad_(False)
 
-        logger.info("Set trainable layers: {}".format(",".join(map(str, trainable_layer_ids))))
+        logger.info(
+            "Set trainable layers: {}".format(",".join(map(str, trainable_layer_ids)))
+        )
 
     if finetuning_args.finetuning_type == "lora":
-        logger.info("Fine-tuning method: {}".format("DoRA" if finetuning_args.use_dora else "LoRA"))
+        logger.info(
+            "Fine-tuning method: {}".format(
+                "DoRA" if finetuning_args.use_dora else "LoRA"
+            )
+        )
         adapter_to_resume = None
 
         if model_args.adapter_name_or_path is not None:
             is_mergeable = True
-            if getattr(model, "quantization_method", None):  # merge lora in quantized model is unstable
-                assert len(model_args.adapter_name_or_path) == 1, "Quantized model only accepts a single adapter."
+            if getattr(
+                model, "quantization_method", None
+            ):  # merge lora in quantized model is unstable
+                assert (
+                    len(model_args.adapter_name_or_path) == 1
+                ), "Quantized model only accepts a single adapter."
                 is_mergeable = False
 
             if is_deepspeed_zero3_enabled():
-                assert len(model_args.adapter_name_or_path) == 1, "Cannot use multiple adapters in DeepSpeed ZeRO-3."
+                assert (
+                    len(model_args.adapter_name_or_path) == 1
+                ), "Cannot use multiple adapters in DeepSpeed ZeRO-3."
                 is_mergeable = False
 
             if model_args.use_unsloth:
-                assert len(model_args.adapter_name_or_path) == 1, "Unsloth model only accepts a single adapter."
+                assert (
+                    len(model_args.adapter_name_or_path) == 1
+                ), "Unsloth model only accepts a single adapter."
                 is_mergeable = False
 
-            if (is_trainable and not finetuning_args.create_new_adapter) or (not is_mergeable):
+            if (is_trainable and not finetuning_args.create_new_adapter) or (
+                not is_mergeable
+            ):
                 adapter_to_merge = model_args.adapter_name_or_path[:-1]
                 adapter_to_resume = model_args.adapter_name_or_path[-1]
             else:
@@ -132,7 +158,9 @@ def init_adapter(
 
             if adapter_to_resume is not None:  # resume lora training
                 if model_args.use_unsloth:
-                    model = load_unsloth_peft_model(config, model_args, is_trainable=is_trainable)
+                    model = load_unsloth_peft_model(
+                        config, model_args, is_trainable=is_trainable
+                    )
                 else:
                     model = PeftModel.from_pretrained(
                         model,
@@ -141,19 +169,27 @@ def init_adapter(
                         offload_folder=model_args.offload_folder,
                     )
 
-        if is_trainable and adapter_to_resume is None:  # create new lora weights while training
-            if len(finetuning_args.lora_target) == 1 and finetuning_args.lora_target[0] == "all":
+        if (
+            is_trainable and adapter_to_resume is None
+        ):  # create new lora weights while training
+            if (
+                len(finetuning_args.lora_target) == 1
+                and finetuning_args.lora_target[0] == "all"
+            ):
                 target_modules = find_all_linear_modules(model)
             else:
                 target_modules = finetuning_args.lora_target
 
             if finetuning_args.use_llama_pro:
-                target_modules = find_expanded_modules(model, target_modules, finetuning_args.num_layer_trainable)
+                target_modules = find_expanded_modules(
+                    model, target_modules, finetuning_args.num_layer_trainable
+                )
 
             if (
-                    finetuning_args.use_dora
-                    and getattr(model, "quantization_method", None) is not None
-                    and getattr(model, "quantization_method", None) != QuantizationMethod.BITS_AND_BYTES
+                finetuning_args.use_dora
+                and getattr(model, "quantization_method", None) is not None
+                and getattr(model, "quantization_method", None)
+                != QuantizationMethod.BITS_AND_BYTES
             ):
                 raise ValueError("DoRA is not compatible with PTQ-quantized models.")
 
@@ -166,7 +202,11 @@ def init_adapter(
                         module_names.add(name.split(".")[-1])
 
                 finetuning_args.additional_target = module_names
-                logger.warning("Vocab has been resized, add {} to trainable params.".format(",".join(module_names)))
+                logger.warning(
+                    "Vocab has been resized, add {} to trainable params.".format(
+                        ",".join(module_names)
+                    )
+                )
 
             peft_kwargs = {
                 "r": finetuning_args.lora_rank,
@@ -193,6 +233,10 @@ def init_adapter(
                 param.data = param.data.to(torch.float32)
 
         if model_args.adapter_name_or_path is not None:
-            logger.info("Loaded adapter(s): {}".format(",".join(model_args.adapter_name_or_path)))
+            logger.info(
+                "Loaded adapter(s): {}".format(
+                    ",".join(model_args.adapter_name_or_path)
+                )
+            )
 
-    return model
\ No newline at end of file
+    return model
diff --git a/src/llmtuner/model/loader.py b/src/llmtuner/model/loader.py
index 3712a592..18b0cf79 100644
--- a/src/llmtuner/model/loader.py
+++ b/src/llmtuner/model/loader.py
@@ -1,6 +1,12 @@
 from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, Any, Dict, Union
 
-from transformers import AutoConfig, AutoModelForCausalLM, AutoTokenizer, AutoProcessor, AutoModelForVision2Seq
+from transformers import (
+    AutoConfig,
+    AutoModelForCausalLM,
+    AutoTokenizer,
+    AutoProcessor,
+    AutoModelForVision2Seq,
+)
 from trl import AutoModelForCausalLMWithValueHead
 
 from ..extras.logging import get_logger
@@ -62,10 +68,14 @@ def load_tokenizer(model_args: "ModelArguments") -> "PreTrainedTokenizer":
             dict(additional_special_tokens=model_args.new_special_tokens),
             replace_additional_special_tokens=False,
         )
-        logger.info("Add {} to special tokens.".format(",".join(model_args.new_special_tokens)))
+        logger.info(
+            "Add {} to special tokens.".format(",".join(model_args.new_special_tokens))
+        )
         if num_added_tokens > 0 and not model_args.resize_vocab:
             model_args.resize_vocab = True
-            logger.warning("New tokens have been added, changed `resize_vocab` to True.")
+            logger.warning(
+                "New tokens have been added, changed `resize_vocab` to True."
+            )
 
     patch_tokenizer(tokenizer)
     return tokenizer
@@ -111,7 +121,7 @@ def load_model(
     finetuning_args: "FinetuningArguments",
     is_trainable: bool = False,
     add_valuehead: bool = False,
-) -> Union["PreTrainedModel", "AutoModelForVision2Seq"]:
+) -> Union["PreTrainedModel"]:
     r"""
     Loads pretrained model.
     """
@@ -170,8 +180,10 @@ def load_model(
 
     trainable_params, all_param = count_parameters(model)
     if is_trainable:
-        param_stats = "trainable params: {:d} || all params: {:d} || trainable%: {:.4f}".format(
-            trainable_params, all_param, 100 * trainable_params / all_param
+        param_stats = (
+            "trainable params: {:d} || all params: {:d} || trainable%: {:.4f}".format(
+                trainable_params, all_param, 100 * trainable_params / all_param
+            )
         )
     else:
         param_stats = "all params: {:d}".format(all_param)
@@ -185,4 +197,4 @@ def load_model(
                 )
             )
 
-    return model
\ No newline at end of file
+    return model
diff --git a/src/llmtuner/train/sftmm/collator.py b/src/llmtuner/train/sftmm/collator.py
index 95dbd939..2931dd9c 100644
--- a/src/llmtuner/train/sftmm/collator.py
+++ b/src/llmtuner/train/sftmm/collator.py
@@ -19,7 +19,9 @@ class DataCollatorForVis2Seq:
             texts.append(text)
             images.append(example["images"][0])
 
-        batch = self.processor(text=texts, images=images, return_tensors="pt", padding=True)
+        batch = self.processor(
+            text=texts, images=images, return_tensors="pt", padding=True
+        )
 
         labels = batch["input_ids"].clone()
         if self.processor.tokenizer.pad_token_id is not None:
@@ -27,3 +29,14 @@ class DataCollatorForVis2Seq:
         batch["labels"] = labels
 
         return batch
+
+
+@dataclass
+class DataCollatorForMLLM:
+    processor: AutoProcessor
+
+    def __call__(self, examples):
+        print(examples[0].keys())
+        print(examples[0]["input_ids"])
+        batch = {}
+        return batch
diff --git a/src/llmtuner/train/sftmm/workflow.py b/src/llmtuner/train/sftmm/workflow.py
index 7afd8f6f..3849a563 100644
--- a/src/llmtuner/train/sftmm/workflow.py
+++ b/src/llmtuner/train/sftmm/workflow.py
@@ -1,47 +1,66 @@
 # Inspired by: https://github.com/huggingface/transformers/blob/v4.34.1/examples/pytorch/summarization/run_summarization.py
 import os
 from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, List, Optional
-from ...data import split_dataset, get_mm_dataset
+from ...data import get_dataset
 from ...extras.misc import get_logits_processor
 from ...extras.ploting import plot_loss
-from ...model import load_tokenizer, load_processor, load_model
+from ...model import load_processor, load_model
 from ..utils import create_modelcard_and_push
 from .metric import ComputeMetrics
 from .trainer import CustomSeq2SeqTrainer
-from .collator import DataCollatorForVis2Seq
+from transformers import DataCollatorForSeq2Seq
+from ...extras.constants import IGNORE_INDEX
 
 if TYPE_CHECKING:
     from transformers import Seq2SeqTrainingArguments, TrainerCallback
 
-    from ...hparams import DataArguments, FinetuningArguments, GeneratingArguments, ModelArguments
+    from ...hparams import (
+        DataArguments,
+        FinetuningArguments,
+        GeneratingArguments,
+        ModelArguments,
+    )
 
 
 def run_sft_mm(
-        model_args: "ModelArguments",
-        data_args: "DataArguments",
-        training_args: "Seq2SeqTrainingArguments",
-        finetuning_args: "FinetuningArguments",
-        generating_args: "GeneratingArguments",
-        callbacks: Optional[List["TrainerCallback"]] = None,
+    model_args: "ModelArguments",
+    data_args: "DataArguments",
+    training_args: "Seq2SeqTrainingArguments",
+    finetuning_args: "FinetuningArguments",
+    generating_args: "GeneratingArguments",
+    callbacks: Optional[List["TrainerCallback"]] = None,
 ):
     processor = load_processor(model_args)
-    tokenizer = load_tokenizer(model_args)
-    CHAT_TEMPLATE = """{% if not add_generation_prompt is defined %}{% set add_generation_prompt = false %}{% endif %}A chat between a curious user and an artificial intelligence assistant. The assistant gives helpful, detailed, and polite answers to the user's questions. {% for message in messages %}{% if message['role'] == 'user' %}USER: {% else %}ASSISTANT: {% endif %}{% for item in message['content'] %}{% if item['type'] == 'text' %}{{ item['text'] }}{% elif item['type'] == 'image' %}<image>{% endif %}{% endfor %}{% if message['role'] == 'user' %} {% else %}{{eos_token}}{% endif %}{% endfor %}{% if add_generation_prompt %}ASSISTANT: {% endif %}"""
-    tokenizer.chat_template = CHAT_TEMPLATE
-    processor.tokenizer = tokenizer
-    model = load_model(processor.tokenizer, model_args, finetuning_args, training_args.do_train)
-    dataset = get_mm_dataset(processor, model_args, data_args, training_args, stage="sft")
+    tokenizer = processor.tokenizer
+    dataset = get_dataset(
+        tokenizer, model_args, data_args, training_args, "sft", processor
+    )
+    model = load_model(tokenizer, model_args, finetuning_args, training_args.do_train)
     if getattr(model, "is_quantized", False) and not training_args.do_train:
-        setattr(model, "_hf_peft_config_loaded", True)  # hack here: make model compatible with prediction
+        setattr(
+            model, "_hf_peft_config_loaded", True
+        )  # hack here: make model compatible with prediction
     train_dataset = dataset
     eval_dataset = dataset
-    data_collator = DataCollatorForVis2Seq(
-        processor=processor,
+    data_collator = DataCollatorForSeq2Seq(
+        tokenizer=tokenizer,
+        pad_to_multiple_of=(
+            8 if tokenizer.padding_side == "right" else None
+        ),  # for shift short attention
+        label_pad_token_id=(
+            IGNORE_INDEX
+            if data_args.ignore_pad_token_for_loss
+            else tokenizer.pad_token_id
+        ),
     )
 
     # Override the decoding parameters of Seq2SeqTrainer
-    training_args.generation_max_length = training_args.generation_max_length or data_args.cutoff_len
-    training_args.generation_num_beams = data_args.eval_num_beams or training_args.generation_num_beams
+    training_args.generation_max_length = (
+        training_args.generation_max_length or data_args.cutoff_len
+    )
+    training_args.generation_num_beams = (
+        data_args.eval_num_beams or training_args.generation_num_beams
+    )
     training_args.remove_unused_columns = False
 
     # Initialize our Trainer
@@ -52,19 +71,26 @@ def run_sft_mm(
         tokenizer=tokenizer,
         data_collator=data_collator,
         callbacks=callbacks,
-        compute_metrics=ComputeMetrics(tokenizer) if training_args.predict_with_generate else None,
+        compute_metrics=(
+            ComputeMetrics(tokenizer) if training_args.predict_with_generate else None
+        ),
         train_dataset=train_dataset,
         eval_dataset=eval_dataset,
     )
+
     # Keyword arguments for `model.generate`
     gen_kwargs = generating_args.to_dict()
-    gen_kwargs["eos_token_id"] = [tokenizer.eos_token_id] + tokenizer.additional_special_tokens_ids
+    gen_kwargs["eos_token_id"] = [
+        tokenizer.eos_token_id
+    ] + tokenizer.additional_special_tokens_ids
     gen_kwargs["pad_token_id"] = tokenizer.pad_token_id
     gen_kwargs["logits_processor"] = get_logits_processor()
 
     # Training
     if training_args.do_train:
-        train_result = trainer.train(resume_from_checkpoint=training_args.resume_from_checkpoint)
+        train_result = trainer.train(
+            resume_from_checkpoint=training_args.resume_from_checkpoint
+        )
         trainer.save_model()
         trainer.log_metrics("train", train_result.metrics)
         trainer.save_metrics("train", train_result.metrics)
@@ -75,19 +101,27 @@ def run_sft_mm(
     # Evaluation
     if training_args.do_eval:
         metrics = trainer.evaluate(metric_key_prefix="eval", **gen_kwargs)
-        if training_args.predict_with_generate:  # eval_loss will be wrong if predict_with_generate is enabled
+        if (
+            training_args.predict_with_generate
+        ):  # eval_loss will be wrong if predict_with_generate is enabled
             metrics.pop("eval_loss", None)
         trainer.log_metrics("eval", metrics)
         trainer.save_metrics("eval", metrics)
 
     # Predict
     if training_args.do_predict:
-        predict_results = trainer.predict(dataset, metric_key_prefix="predict", **gen_kwargs)
-        if training_args.predict_with_generate:  # predict_loss will be wrong if predict_with_generate is enabled
+        predict_results = trainer.predict(
+            dataset, metric_key_prefix="predict", **gen_kwargs
+        )
+        if (
+            training_args.predict_with_generate
+        ):  # predict_loss will be wrong if predict_with_generate is enabled
             predict_results.metrics.pop("predict_loss", None)
         trainer.log_metrics("predict", predict_results.metrics)
         trainer.save_metrics("predict", predict_results.metrics)
         trainer.save_predictions(predict_results)
 
     # Create model card
-    create_modelcard_and_push(trainer, model_args, data_args, training_args, finetuning_args)
+    create_modelcard_and_push(
+        trainer, model_args, data_args, training_args, finetuning_args
+    )