docs: networking: convert ipvlan.txt to ReST
- add SPDX header; - adjust titles and chapters, adding proper markups; - mark code blocks and literals as such; - adjust identation, whitespaces and blank lines; - add to networking/index.rst. Signed-off-by: Mauro Carvalho Chehab <mchehab+huawei@kernel.org> Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
This commit is contained in:
Mauro Carvalho Chehab
David S. Miller
parent
19093313cb
commit
1dc2a78595
|
|
@ -71,6 +71,7 @@ Contents:
|
|||
ipsec
|
||||
ip-sysctl
|
||||
ipv6
|
||||
ipvlan
|
||||
|
||||
.. only:: subproject and html
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1,11 +1,15 @@
|
|||
.. SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
|
||||
|
||||
IPVLAN Driver HOWTO
|
||||
===================
|
||||
IPVLAN Driver HOWTO
|
||||
===================
|
||||
|
||||
Initial Release:
|
||||
Mahesh Bandewar <maheshb AT google.com>
|
||||
|
||||
1. Introduction:
|
||||
This is conceptually very similar to the macvlan driver with one major
|
||||
================
|
||||
This is conceptually very similar to the macvlan driver with one major
|
||||
exception of using L3 for mux-ing /demux-ing among slaves. This property makes
|
||||
the master device share the L2 with it's slave devices. I have developed this
|
||||
driver in conjunction with network namespaces and not sure if there is use case
|
||||
|
|
@ -13,34 +17,48 @@ outside of it.
|
|||
|
||||
|
||||
2. Building and Installation:
|
||||
In order to build the driver, please select the config item CONFIG_IPVLAN.
|
||||
=============================
|
||||
|
||||
In order to build the driver, please select the config item CONFIG_IPVLAN.
|
||||
The driver can be built into the kernel (CONFIG_IPVLAN=y) or as a module
|
||||
(CONFIG_IPVLAN=m).
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
3. Configuration:
|
||||
There are no module parameters for this driver and it can be configured
|
||||
=================
|
||||
|
||||
There are no module parameters for this driver and it can be configured
|
||||
using IProute2/ip utility.
|
||||
::
|
||||
|
||||
ip link add link <master> name <slave> type ipvlan [ mode MODE ] [ FLAGS ]
|
||||
where
|
||||
MODE: l3 (default) | l3s | l2
|
||||
FLAGS: bridge (default) | private | vepa
|
||||
MODE: l3 (default) | l3s | l2
|
||||
FLAGS: bridge (default) | private | vepa
|
||||
|
||||
e.g.
|
||||
|
||||
e.g.
|
||||
(a) Following will create IPvlan link with eth0 as master in
|
||||
L3 bridge mode
|
||||
bash# ip link add link eth0 name ipvl0 type ipvlan
|
||||
(b) This command will create IPvlan link in L2 bridge mode.
|
||||
bash# ip link add link eth0 name ipvl0 type ipvlan mode l2 bridge
|
||||
(c) This command will create an IPvlan device in L2 private mode.
|
||||
bash# ip link add link eth0 name ipvlan type ipvlan mode l2 private
|
||||
(d) This command will create an IPvlan device in L2 vepa mode.
|
||||
bash# ip link add link eth0 name ipvlan type ipvlan mode l2 vepa
|
||||
L3 bridge mode::
|
||||
|
||||
bash# ip link add link eth0 name ipvl0 type ipvlan
|
||||
(b) This command will create IPvlan link in L2 bridge mode::
|
||||
|
||||
bash# ip link add link eth0 name ipvl0 type ipvlan mode l2 bridge
|
||||
|
||||
(c) This command will create an IPvlan device in L2 private mode::
|
||||
|
||||
bash# ip link add link eth0 name ipvlan type ipvlan mode l2 private
|
||||
|
||||
(d) This command will create an IPvlan device in L2 vepa mode::
|
||||
|
||||
bash# ip link add link eth0 name ipvlan type ipvlan mode l2 vepa
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
4. Operating modes:
|
||||
IPvlan has two modes of operation - L2 and L3. For a given master device,
|
||||
===================
|
||||
|
||||
IPvlan has two modes of operation - L2 and L3. For a given master device,
|
||||
you can select one of these two modes and all slaves on that master will
|
||||
operate in the same (selected) mode. The RX mode is almost identical except
|
||||
that in L3 mode the slaves wont receive any multicast / broadcast traffic.
|
||||
|
|
@ -48,39 +66,50 @@ L3 mode is more restrictive since routing is controlled from the other (mostly)
|
|||
default namespace.
|
||||
|
||||
4.1 L2 mode:
|
||||
In this mode TX processing happens on the stack instance attached to the
|
||||
------------
|
||||
|
||||
In this mode TX processing happens on the stack instance attached to the
|
||||
slave device and packets are switched and queued to the master device to send
|
||||
out. In this mode the slaves will RX/TX multicast and broadcast (if applicable)
|
||||
as well.
|
||||
|
||||
4.2 L3 mode:
|
||||
In this mode TX processing up to L3 happens on the stack instance attached
|
||||
------------
|
||||
|
||||
In this mode TX processing up to L3 happens on the stack instance attached
|
||||
to the slave device and packets are switched to the stack instance of the
|
||||
master device for the L2 processing and routing from that instance will be
|
||||
used before packets are queued on the outbound device. In this mode the slaves
|
||||
will not receive nor can send multicast / broadcast traffic.
|
||||
|
||||
4.3 L3S mode:
|
||||
This is very similar to the L3 mode except that iptables (conn-tracking)
|
||||
-------------
|
||||
|
||||
This is very similar to the L3 mode except that iptables (conn-tracking)
|
||||
works in this mode and hence it is L3-symmetric (L3s). This will have slightly less
|
||||
performance but that shouldn't matter since you are choosing this mode over plain-L3
|
||||
mode to make conn-tracking work.
|
||||
|
||||
5. Mode flags:
|
||||
At this time following mode flags are available
|
||||
==============
|
||||
|
||||
At this time following mode flags are available
|
||||
|
||||
5.1 bridge:
|
||||
This is the default option. To configure the IPvlan port in this mode,
|
||||
-----------
|
||||
This is the default option. To configure the IPvlan port in this mode,
|
||||
user can choose to either add this option on the command-line or don't specify
|
||||
anything. This is the traditional mode where slaves can cross-talk among
|
||||
themselves apart from talking through the master device.
|
||||
|
||||
5.2 private:
|
||||
If this option is added to the command-line, the port is set in private
|
||||
------------
|
||||
If this option is added to the command-line, the port is set in private
|
||||
mode. i.e. port won't allow cross communication between slaves.
|
||||
|
||||
5.3 vepa:
|
||||
If this is added to the command-line, the port is set in VEPA mode.
|
||||
---------
|
||||
If this is added to the command-line, the port is set in VEPA mode.
|
||||
i.e. port will offload switching functionality to the external entity as
|
||||
described in 802.1Qbg
|
||||
Note: VEPA mode in IPvlan has limitations. IPvlan uses the mac-address of the
|
||||
|
|
@ -89,18 +118,25 @@ neighbor will have source and destination mac same. This will make the switch /
|
|||
router send the redirect message.
|
||||
|
||||
6. What to choose (macvlan vs. ipvlan)?
|
||||
These two devices are very similar in many regards and the specific use
|
||||
=======================================
|
||||
|
||||
These two devices are very similar in many regards and the specific use
|
||||
case could very well define which device to choose. if one of the following
|
||||
situations defines your use case then you can choose to use ipvlan -
|
||||
(a) The Linux host that is connected to the external switch / router has
|
||||
policy configured that allows only one mac per port.
|
||||
(b) No of virtual devices created on a master exceed the mac capacity and
|
||||
puts the NIC in promiscuous mode and degraded performance is a concern.
|
||||
(c) If the slave device is to be put into the hostile / untrusted network
|
||||
namespace where L2 on the slave could be changed / misused.
|
||||
situations defines your use case then you can choose to use ipvlan:
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
(a) The Linux host that is connected to the external switch / router has
|
||||
policy configured that allows only one mac per port.
|
||||
(b) No of virtual devices created on a master exceed the mac capacity and
|
||||
puts the NIC in promiscuous mode and degraded performance is a concern.
|
||||
(c) If the slave device is to be put into the hostile / untrusted network
|
||||
namespace where L2 on the slave could be changed / misused.
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
6. Example configuration:
|
||||
=========================
|
||||
|
||||
::
|
||||
|
||||
+=============================================================+
|
||||
| Host: host1 |
|
||||
|
|
@ -117,30 +153,37 @@ namespace where L2 on the slave could be changed / misused.
|
|||
+==============================#==============================+
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
(a) Create two network namespaces - ns0, ns1
|
||||
ip netns add ns0
|
||||
ip netns add ns1
|
||||
(a) Create two network namespaces - ns0, ns1::
|
||||
|
||||
(b) Create two ipvlan slaves on eth0 (master device)
|
||||
ip link add link eth0 ipvl0 type ipvlan mode l2
|
||||
ip link add link eth0 ipvl1 type ipvlan mode l2
|
||||
ip netns add ns0
|
||||
ip netns add ns1
|
||||
|
||||
(c) Assign slaves to the respective network namespaces
|
||||
ip link set dev ipvl0 netns ns0
|
||||
ip link set dev ipvl1 netns ns1
|
||||
(b) Create two ipvlan slaves on eth0 (master device)::
|
||||
|
||||
(d) Now switch to the namespace (ns0 or ns1) to configure the slave devices
|
||||
- For ns0
|
||||
(1) ip netns exec ns0 bash
|
||||
(2) ip link set dev ipvl0 up
|
||||
(3) ip link set dev lo up
|
||||
(4) ip -4 addr add 127.0.0.1 dev lo
|
||||
(5) ip -4 addr add $IPADDR dev ipvl0
|
||||
(6) ip -4 route add default via $ROUTER dev ipvl0
|
||||
- For ns1
|
||||
(1) ip netns exec ns1 bash
|
||||
(2) ip link set dev ipvl1 up
|
||||
(3) ip link set dev lo up
|
||||
(4) ip -4 addr add 127.0.0.1 dev lo
|
||||
(5) ip -4 addr add $IPADDR dev ipvl1
|
||||
(6) ip -4 route add default via $ROUTER dev ipvl1
|
||||
ip link add link eth0 ipvl0 type ipvlan mode l2
|
||||
ip link add link eth0 ipvl1 type ipvlan mode l2
|
||||
|
||||
(c) Assign slaves to the respective network namespaces::
|
||||
|
||||
ip link set dev ipvl0 netns ns0
|
||||
ip link set dev ipvl1 netns ns1
|
||||
|
||||
(d) Now switch to the namespace (ns0 or ns1) to configure the slave devices
|
||||
|
||||
- For ns0::
|
||||
|
||||
(1) ip netns exec ns0 bash
|
||||
(2) ip link set dev ipvl0 up
|
||||
(3) ip link set dev lo up
|
||||
(4) ip -4 addr add 127.0.0.1 dev lo
|
||||
(5) ip -4 addr add $IPADDR dev ipvl0
|
||||
(6) ip -4 route add default via $ROUTER dev ipvl0
|
||||
|
||||
- For ns1::
|
||||
|
||||
(1) ip netns exec ns1 bash
|
||||
(2) ip link set dev ipvl1 up
|
||||
(3) ip link set dev lo up
|
||||
(4) ip -4 addr add 127.0.0.1 dev lo
|
||||
(5) ip -4 addr add $IPADDR dev ipvl1
|
||||
(6) ip -4 route add default via $ROUTER dev ipvl1
|
||||
Loading…
Reference in New Issue