Commit Graph

539 Commits

Author SHA1 Message Date
Eric Paris e0d5bd2aec IMA: clean up the IMA counts updating code
We currently have a lot of duplicated code around ima file counts.  Clean
that all up.

Signed-off-by: Eric Paris <eparis@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Serge Hallyn <serue@us.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
2009-12-16 12:16:46 -05:00
Eric Paris 9353384ec8 ima: only insert at inode creation time
iints are supposed to be allocated when an inode is allocated (during
security_inode_alloc())  But we have code which will attempt to allocate
an iint during measurement calls.  If we couldn't allocate the iint and we
cared, we should have died during security_inode_alloc().  Not make the
code more complex and less efficient.

Signed-off-by: Eric Paris <eparis@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
2009-12-16 12:16:46 -05:00
Eric Paris ec29ea544b ima: valid return code from ima_inode_alloc
ima_inode_alloc returns 0 and 1, but the LSM hooks expects an errno.

Signed-off-by: Eric Paris <eparis@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
2009-12-16 12:16:46 -05:00
James Morris c84d6efd36 Merge branch 'master' into next 2009-12-03 12:03:40 +05:30
Mimi Zohar c09c59e6a0 ima: replace GFP_KERNEL with GFP_NOFS
While running fsstress tests on the NFSv4 mounted ext3 and ext4
filesystem, the following call trace was generated on the nfs
server machine.

Replace GFP_KERNEL with GFP_NOFS in ima_iint_insert() to avoid a
potential deadlock.

     =================================
    [ INFO: inconsistent lock state ]
    2.6.31-31.el6.x86_64 #1
    ---------------------------------
    inconsistent {RECLAIM_FS-ON-W} -> {IN-RECLAIM_FS-W} usage.
    kswapd2/75 [HC0[0]:SC0[0]:HE1:SE1] takes:
     (jbd2_handle){+.+.?.}, at: [<ffffffff811edd5e>] jbd2_journal_start+0xfe/0x13f
    {RECLAIM_FS-ON-W} state was registered at:
      [<ffffffff81091e40>] mark_held_locks+0x65/0x99
      [<ffffffff81091f31>] lockdep_trace_alloc+0xbd/0xf5
      [<ffffffff81126fdd>] kmem_cache_alloc+0x40/0x185
      [<ffffffff812344d7>] ima_iint_insert+0x3d/0xf1
      [<ffffffff812345b0>] ima_inode_alloc+0x25/0x44
      [<ffffffff811484ac>] inode_init_always+0xec/0x271
      [<ffffffff81148682>] alloc_inode+0x51/0xa1
      [<ffffffff81148700>] new_inode+0x2e/0x94
      [<ffffffff811b2f08>] ext4_new_inode+0xb8/0xdc9
      [<ffffffff811be611>] ext4_create+0xcf/0x175
      [<ffffffff8113e2cd>] vfs_create+0x82/0xb8
      [<ffffffff8113f337>] do_filp_open+0x32c/0x9ee
      [<ffffffff811309b9>] do_sys_open+0x6c/0x12c
      [<ffffffff81130adc>] sys_open+0x2e/0x44
      [<ffffffff81011e42>] system_call_fastpath+0x16/0x1b
      [<ffffffffffffffff>] 0xffffffffffffffff
    irq event stamp: 90371
    hardirqs last  enabled at (90371): [<ffffffff8112708d>]
    kmem_cache_alloc+0xf0/0x185
    hardirqs last disabled at (90370): [<ffffffff81127026>]
    kmem_cache_alloc+0x89/0x185
    softirqs last  enabled at (89492): [<ffffffff81068ecf>]
    __do_softirq+0x1bf/0x1eb
    softirqs last disabled at (89477): [<ffffffff8101312c>] call_softirq+0x1c/0x30

    other info that might help us debug this:
    2 locks held by kswapd2/75:
     #0:  (shrinker_rwsem){++++..}, at: [<ffffffff810f98ba>] shrink_slab+0x44/0x177
     #1:  (&type->s_umount_key#25){++++..}, at: [<ffffffff811450ba>]

Reported-by: Muni P. Beerakam <mbeeraka@in.ibm.com>
Reported-by: Amit K. Arora <amitarora@in.ibm.com>
Cc: stable@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Mimi Zohar <zohar@us.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: James Morris <jmorris@namei.org>
2009-11-19 08:42:01 +11:00
Mimi Zohar 6c21a7fb49 LSM: imbed ima calls in the security hooks
Based on discussions on LKML and LSM, where there are consecutive
security_ and ima_ calls in the vfs layer, move the ima_ calls to
the existing security_ hooks.

Signed-off-by: Mimi Zohar <zohar@us.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: James Morris <jmorris@namei.org>
2009-10-25 12:22:48 +08:00
Alexey Dobriyan 828c09509b const: constify remaining file_operations
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: fix KVM]
Signed-off-by: Alexey Dobriyan <adobriyan@gmail.com>
Acked-by: Mike Frysinger <vapier@gentoo.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2009-10-01 16:11:11 -07:00
James Morris 88e9d34c72 seq_file: constify seq_operations
Make all seq_operations structs const, to help mitigate against
revectoring user-triggerable function pointers.

This is derived from the grsecurity patch, although generated from scratch
because it's simpler than extracting the changes from there.

Signed-off-by: James Morris <jmorris@namei.org>
Acked-by: Serge Hallyn <serue@us.ibm.com>
Acked-by: Casey Schaufler <casey@schaufler-ca.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2009-09-23 07:39:29 -07:00
Mimi Zohar acd0c93517 IMA: update ima_counts_put
- As ima_counts_put() may be called after the inode has been freed,
verify that the inode is not NULL, before dereferencing it.

- Maintain the IMA file counters in may_open() properly, decrementing
any counter increments on subsequent errors.

Reported-by: Ciprian Docan <docan@eden.rutgers.edu>
Reported-by: J.R. Okajima <hooanon05@yahoo.co.jp>
Signed-off-by: Mimi Zohar <zohar@us.ibm.com>
Acked-by: Eric Paris <eparis@redhat.com
Signed-off-by: James Morris <jmorris@namei.org>
2009-09-07 11:54:58 +10:00
Linus Torvalds 5311034ddd Merge branch 'for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/jmorris/security-testing-2.6
* 'for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/jmorris/security-testing-2.6:
  IMA: iint put in ima_counts_get and put
2009-08-26 20:17:07 -07:00
Eric Paris 53a7197aff IMA: iint put in ima_counts_get and put
ima_counts_get() calls ima_iint_find_insert_get() which takes a reference
to the iint in question, but does not put that reference at the end of the
function.  This can lead to a nasty memory leak.  Easy enough to reproduce:

#include <sys/mman.h>
#include <stdio.h>

int main (void)
{
	int i;
	void *ptr;

	for (i=0; i < 100000; i++) {
		ptr = mmap(NULL, 4096, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE,
			   MAP_SHARED|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0);
		if (ptr == MAP_FAILED)
			return 2;
		munmap(ptr, 4096);
	}

	return 0;
}

Signed-off-by: Eric Paris <eparis@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: James Morris <jmorris@namei.org>
2009-08-27 11:01:03 +10:00
Mimi Zohar 16bfa38b19 ima: hashing large files bug fix
Hashing files larger than INT_MAX causes process to loop.
Dependent on redefining kernel_read() offset type to loff_t.

(http://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=13909)

Cc: stable@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Mimi Zohar <zohar@us.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: James Morris <jmorris@namei.org>
2009-08-24 14:58:29 +10:00
Mimi Zohar 94e5d714f6 integrity: add ima_counts_put (updated)
This patch fixes an imbalance message as reported by J.R. Okajima.
The IMA file counters are incremented in ima_path_check. If the
actual open fails, such as ETXTBSY, decrement the counters to
prevent unnecessary imbalance messages.

Reported-by: J.R. Okajima <hooanon05@yahoo.co.jp>
Signed-off-by: Mimi Zohar <zohar@us.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: James Morris <jmorris@namei.org>
2009-06-29 08:59:10 +10:00
Mimi Zohar 79b854c549 integrity: ima audit hash_exists fix
Audit the file name, not the template name.

Signed-off-by: Mimi Zohar <zohar@us.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: James Morris <jmorris@namei.org>
2009-06-29 08:57:49 +10:00
Linus Torvalds 3296ca27f5 Merge branch 'for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/jmorris/security-testing-2.6
* 'for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/jmorris/security-testing-2.6: (44 commits)
  nommu: Provide mmap_min_addr definition.
  TOMOYO: Add description of lists and structures.
  TOMOYO: Remove unused field.
  integrity: ima audit dentry_open failure
  TOMOYO: Remove unused parameter.
  security: use mmap_min_addr indepedently of security models
  TOMOYO: Simplify policy reader.
  TOMOYO: Remove redundant markers.
  SELinux: define audit permissions for audit tree netlink messages
  TOMOYO: Remove unused mutex.
  tomoyo: avoid get+put of task_struct
  smack: Remove redundant initialization.
  integrity: nfsd imbalance bug fix
  rootplug: Remove redundant initialization.
  smack: do not beyond ARRAY_SIZE of data
  integrity: move ima_counts_get
  integrity: path_check update
  IMA: Add __init notation to ima functions
  IMA: Minimal IMA policy and boot param for TCB IMA policy
  selinux: remove obsolete read buffer limit from sel_read_bool
  ...
2009-06-11 10:01:41 -07:00
Mimi Zohar 04288f4203 integrity: ima audit dentry_open failure
Until we start appraising measurements, the ima_path_check()
return code should always be 0.

- Update the ima_path_check() return code comment
- Instead of the pr_info, audit the dentry_open failure

Signed-off-by: Mimi Zohar <zohar@us.ibm.com>
Acked-by: Eric Paris <eparis@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: James Morris <jmorris@namei.org>
2009-06-05 08:02:39 +10:00
Mimi Zohar b9fc745db8 integrity: path_check update
- Add support in ima_path_check() for integrity checking without
incrementing the counts. (Required for nfsd.)
- rename and export opencount_get to ima_counts_get
- replace ima_shm_check calls with ima_counts_get
- export ima_path_check

Signed-off-by: Mimi Zohar <zohar@us.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: James Morris <jmorris@namei.org>
2009-05-22 09:43:41 +10:00
Eric Paris 932995f0ce IMA: Add __init notation to ima functions
A number of IMA functions only used during init are not marked with __init.
Add those notations so they are freed automatically.

Signed-off-by: Eric Paris <eparis@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Mimi Zohar <zohar@us.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: James Morris <jmorris@namei.org>
2009-05-22 09:34:21 +10:00
Eric Paris 5789ba3bd0 IMA: Minimal IMA policy and boot param for TCB IMA policy
The IMA TCB policy is dangerous.  A normal use can use all of a system's
memory (which cannot be freed) simply by building and running lots of
executables.  The TCB policy is also nearly useless because logging in as root
often causes a policy violation when dealing with utmp, thus rendering the
measurements meaningless.

There is no good fix for this in the kernel.  A full TCB policy would need to
be loaded in userspace using LSM rule matching to get both a protected and
useful system.  But, if too little is measured before userspace can load a real
policy one again ends up with a meaningless set of measurements.  One option
would be to put the policy load inside the initrd in order to get it early
enough in the boot sequence to be useful, but this runs into trouble with the
LSM.  For IMA to measure the LSM policy and the LSM policy loading mechanism
it needs rules to do so, but we already talked about problems with defaulting
to such broad rules....

IMA also depends on the files being measured to be on an FS which implements
and supports i_version.  Since the only FS with this support (ext4) doesn't
even use it by default it seems silly to have any IMA rules by default.

This should reduce the performance overhead of IMA to near 0 while still
letting users who choose to configure their machine as such to inclue the
ima_tcb kernel paramenter and get measurements during boot before they can
load a customized, reasonable policy in userspace.

Signed-off-by: Eric Paris <eparis@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Mimi Zohar <zohar@us.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: James Morris <jmorris@namei.org>
2009-05-22 09:31:20 +10:00
Eric Paris 75834fc3b6 SELinux: move SELINUX_MAGIC into magic.h
The selinuxfs superblock magic is used inside the IMA code, but is being
defined in two places and could someday get out of sync.  This patch moves the
declaration into magic.h so it is only done once.

Signed-off-by: Eric Paris <eparis@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: James Morris <jmorris@namei.org>
2009-05-19 08:19:00 +10:00
Eric Paris c3d20103d0 IMA: do not measure everything opened by root by default
The IMA default policy measures every single file opened by root.  This is
terrible for most users.  Consider a system (like mine) with virtual machine
images.  When those images are touched (which happens at boot for me) those
images are measured.  This is just way too much for the default case.

Signed-off-by: Eric Paris <eparis@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Mimi Zohar <zohar@us.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: James Morris <jmorris@namei.org>
2009-05-15 09:55:44 +10:00
Eric Paris f850a7c040 IMA: remove read permissions on the ima policy file
The IMA policy file does not implement read.  Trying to just open/read/close
the file will load a blank policy and you cannot then change the policy
without a reboot.  This removes the read permission from the file so one must
at least be attempting to write...

Signed-off-by: Eric Paris <eparis@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Mimi Zohar <zohar@us.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: James Morris <jmorris@namei.org>
2009-05-15 09:55:41 +10:00
Eric Paris 1a62e958fa IMA: open all files O_LARGEFILE
If IMA tried to measure a file which was larger than 4G dentry_open would fail
with -EOVERFLOW since IMA wasn't passing O_LARGEFILE.  This patch passes
O_LARGEFILE to all IMA opens to avoid this problem.

Signed-off-by: Eric Paris <eparis@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Mimi Zohar <zohar@us.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: James Morris <jmorris@namei.org>
2009-05-12 11:06:08 +10:00
Eric Paris f06dd16a03 IMA: Handle dentry_open failures
Currently IMA does not handle failures from dentry_open().  This means that we
leave a pointer set to ERR_PTR(errno) and then try to use it just a few lines
later in fput().  Oops.

Signed-off-by: Eric Paris <eparis@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Mimi Zohar <zohar@us.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: James Morris <jmorris@namei.org>
2009-05-12 11:06:04 +10:00
Eric Paris 37bcbf13d3 IMA: use current_cred() instead of current->cred
Proper invocation of the current credentials is to use current_cred() not
current->cred.  This patches makes IMA use the new method.

Signed-off-by: Eric Paris <eparis@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Mimi Zohar <zohar@us.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: James Morris <jmorris@namei.org>
2009-05-12 11:06:01 +10:00
Mimi Zohar 07ff7a0b18 integrity: remove __setup auditing msgs
Remove integrity audit messages from __setup()

Signed-off-by: Mimi Zohar <zohar@us.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: James Morris <jmorris@namei.org>
2009-05-06 10:35:59 +10:00
Mimi Zohar e5e520a715 integrity: use audit_log_string
Based on a request from Eric Paris to simplify parsing, replace
audit_log_format statements containing "%s" with audit_log_string().

Signed-off-by: Mimi Zohar <zohar@us.ibm.com>
Acked-by: Eric Paris <eparis@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: James Morris <jmorris@namei.org>
2009-05-06 10:35:56 +10:00
Mimi Zohar 53fc0e2259 integrity: lsm audit rule matching fix
An audit subsystem change replaced AUDIT_EQUAL with Audit_equal.
Update calls to security_filter_rule_init()/match() to reflect
the change.

Signed-off-by: Mimi Zohar <zohar@us.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: James Morris <jmorris@namei.org>
2009-05-06 10:35:53 +10:00
Jiri Pirko 05725f7eb4 rculist: use list_entry_rcu in places where it's appropriate
Use previously introduced list_entry_rcu instead of an open-coded
list_entry + rcu_dereference combination.

Signed-off-by: Jiri Pirko <jpirko@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: dipankar@in.ibm.com
LKML-Reference: <20090414181715.GA3634@psychotron.englab.brq.redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
2009-04-15 12:05:25 +02:00
Mimi Zohar be38e0fd5f integrity: ima iint radix_tree_lookup locking fix
Based on Andrew Morton's comments:
- add missing locks around radix_tree_lookup in ima_iint_insert()

Signed-off-by: Mimi Zohar <zohar@us.ibm.com>
Cc: James Morris <jmorris@namei.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: James Morris <jmorris@namei.org>
2009-02-23 09:54:53 +11:00
Mimi Zohar 0da0a420bb integrity: ima scatterlist bug fix
Based on Alexander Beregalov's post http://lkml.org/lkml/2009/2/19/198

- replaced sg_set_buf() with sg_init_one()

 kernel BUG at include/linux/scatterlist.h:65!
 invalid opcode: 0000 [#1] PREEMPT SMP DEBUG_PAGEALLOC
 last sysfs file:
 CPU 2
 Modules linked in:
 Pid: 1, comm: swapper Not tainted 2.6.29-rc5-next-20090219 #5 PowerEdge 1950
 RIP: 0010:[<ffffffff8045ec70>]  [<ffffffff8045ec70>] ima_calc_hash+0xc0/0x160
 RSP: 0018:ffff88007f46bc40  EFLAGS: 00010286
 RAX: ffffe200032c45e8 RBX: 00000000fffffff4 RCX: 0000000087654321
 RDX: 0000000000000002 RSI: 0000000000000001 RDI: ffff88007cf71048
 RBP: ffff88007f46bcd0 R08: 0000000000000000 R09: 0000000000000163
 R10: ffff88007f4707a8 R11: 0000000000000000 R12: ffff88007cf71048
 R13: 0000000000001000 R14: 0000000000000000 R15: 0000000000009d98
 FS:  0000000000000000(0000) GS:ffff8800051ac000(0000) knlGS:0000000000000000
 CS:  0010 DS: 0018 ES: 0018 CR0: 000000008005003b
 CR2: 0000000000000000 CR3: 0000000000201000 CR4: 00000000000006e0
 DR0: 0000000000000000 DR1: 0000000000000000 DR2: 0000000000000000
 DR3: 0000000000000000 DR6: 00000000ffff0ff0 DR7: 0000000000000400

Signed-off-by: Mimi Zohar <zohar@us.ibm.com>
Tested-by: Alexander Beregalov <a.beregalov@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: James Morris <jmorris@namei.org>
2009-02-21 00:29:59 +11:00
Randy Dunlap b53fab9d48 ima: fix build error
IMA_LSM_RULES requires AUDIT.  This is automatic if SECURITY_SELINUX=y
but not when SECURITY_SMACK=y (and SECURITY_SELINUX=n), so make the
dependency explicit.  This fixes the following build error:

security/integrity/ima/ima_policy.c:111:error: implicit declaration of function 'security_audit_rule_match'
security/integrity/ima/ima_policy.c:230:error: implicit declaration of function 'security_audit_rule_init'

Signed-off-by: Randy Dunlap <randy.dunlap@oracle.com>
Acked-by: Mimi Zohar <zohar@us.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: James Morris <jmorris@namei.org>
2009-02-13 09:27:56 +11:00
Mimi Zohar 523979adfa integrity: audit update
Based on discussions on linux-audit, as per Steve Grubb's request
http://lkml.org/lkml/2009/2/6/269, the following changes were made:
- forced audit result to be either 0 or 1.
- made template names const
- Added new stand-alone message type: AUDIT_INTEGRITY_RULE

Signed-off-by: Mimi Zohar <zohar@us.ibm.com>
Acked-by: Steve Grubb <sgrubb@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: James Morris <jmorris@namei.org>
2009-02-12 09:40:14 +11:00
James Morris 64c61d80a6 IMA: fix ima_delete_rules() definition
Fix ima_delete_rules() definition so sparse doesn't complain.

Signed-off-by: James Morris <jmorris@namei.org>
2009-02-06 09:05:34 +11:00
Mimi Zohar 1df9f0a731 Integrity: IMA file free imbalance
The number of calls to ima_path_check()/ima_file_free()
should be balanced.  An extra call to fput(), indicates
the file could have been accessed without first being
measured.

Although f_count is incremented/decremented in places other
than fget/fput, like fget_light/fput_light and get_file, the
current task must already hold a file refcnt.  The call to
__fput() is delayed until the refcnt becomes 0, resulting
in ima_file_free() flagging any changes.

- add hook to increment opencount for IPC shared memory(SYSV),
  shmat files, and /dev/zero
- moved NULL iint test in opencount_get()

Signed-off-by: Mimi Zohar <zohar@us.ibm.com>
Acked-by: Serge Hallyn <serue@us.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: James Morris <jmorris@namei.org>
2009-02-06 09:05:33 +11:00
Mimi Zohar f4bd857bc8 integrity: IMA policy open
Sequentialize access to the policy file
- permit multiple attempts to replace default policy with a valid policy

Signed-off-by: Mimi Zohar <zohar@us.ibm.com>
Acked-by: Serge Hallyn <serue@us.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: James Morris <jmorris@namei.org>
2009-02-06 09:05:32 +11:00
Mimi Zohar 4af4662fa4 integrity: IMA policy
Support for a user loadable policy through securityfs
with support for LSM specific policy data.
- free invalid rule in ima_parse_add_rule()

Signed-off-by: Mimi Zohar <zohar@us.ibm.com>
Acked-by: Serge Hallyn <serue@us.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: James Morris <jmorris@namei.org>
2009-02-06 09:05:31 +11:00
Mimi Zohar bab7393787 integrity: IMA display
Make the measurement lists available through securityfs.
- removed test for NULL return code from securityfs_create_file/dir

Signed-off-by: Mimi Zohar <zohar@us.ibm.com>
Acked-by: Serge Hallyn <serue@us.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: James Morris <jmorris@namei.org>
2009-02-06 09:05:31 +11:00
Mimi Zohar 3323eec921 integrity: IMA as an integrity service provider
IMA provides hardware (TPM) based measurement and attestation for
file measurements. As the Trusted Computing (TPM) model requires,
IMA measures all files before they are accessed in any way (on the
integrity_bprm_check, integrity_path_check and integrity_file_mmap
hooks), and commits the measurements to the TPM. Once added to the
TPM, measurements can not be removed.

In addition, IMA maintains a list of these file measurements, which
can be used to validate the aggregate value stored in the TPM.  The
TPM can sign these measurements, and thus the system can prove, to
itself and to a third party, the system's integrity in a way that
cannot be circumvented by malicious or compromised software.

- alloc ima_template_entry before calling ima_store_template()
- log ima_add_boot_aggregate() failure
- removed unused IMA_TEMPLATE_NAME_LEN
- replaced hard coded string length with #define name

Signed-off-by: Mimi Zohar <zohar@us.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: James Morris <jmorris@namei.org>
2009-02-06 09:05:30 +11:00