kunmap_atomic() is currently at level -4 on Rusty's "Hard To Misuse"
list[1] ("Follow common convention and you'll get it wrong"), except in
some architectures when CONFIG_DEBUG_HIGHMEM is set[2][3].
kunmap() takes a pointer to a struct page; kunmap_atomic(), however, takes
takes a pointer to within the page itself. This seems to once in a while
trip people up (the convention they are following is the one from
kunmap()).
Make it much harder to misuse, by moving it to level 9 on Rusty's list[4]
("The compiler/linker won't let you get it wrong"). This is done by
refusing to build if the type of its first argument is a pointer to a
struct page.
The real kunmap_atomic() is renamed to kunmap_atomic_notypecheck()
(which is what you would call in case for some strange reason calling it
with a pointer to a struct page is not incorrect in your code).
The previous version of this patch was compile tested on x86-64.
[1] http://ozlabs.org/~rusty/index.cgi/tech/2008-04-01.html
[2] In these cases, it is at level 5, "Do it right or it will always
break at runtime."
[3] At least mips and powerpc look very similar, and sparc also seems to
share a common ancestor with both; there seems to be quite some
degree of copy-and-paste coding here. The include/asm/highmem.h file
for these three archs mention x86 CPUs at its top.
[4] http://ozlabs.org/~rusty/index.cgi/tech/2008-03-30.html
[5] As an aside, could someone tell me why mn10300 uses unsigned long as
the first parameter of kunmap_atomic() instead of void *?
Signed-off-by: Cesar Eduardo Barros <cesarb@cesarb.net>
Cc: Russell King <linux@arm.linux.org.uk> (arch/arm)
Cc: Ralf Baechle <ralf@linux-mips.org> (arch/mips)
Cc: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com> (arch/frv, arch/mn10300)
Cc: Koichi Yasutake <yasutake.koichi@jp.panasonic.com> (arch/mn10300)
Cc: Kyle McMartin <kyle@mcmartin.ca> (arch/parisc)
Cc: Helge Deller <deller@gmx.de> (arch/parisc)
Cc: "James E.J. Bottomley" <jejb@parisc-linux.org> (arch/parisc)
Cc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org> (arch/powerpc)
Cc: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org> (arch/powerpc)
Cc: "David S. Miller" <davem@davemloft.net> (arch/sparc)
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de> (arch/x86)
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com> (arch/x86)
Cc: "H. Peter Anvin" <hpa@zytor.com> (arch/x86)
Cc: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de> (include/asm-generic)
Cc: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au> ("Hard To Misuse" list)
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
smp_processor_id() must not be called from a preemptible context (this
is checked by CONFIG_DEBUG_PREEMPT). kmap_high_l1_vipt() was doing so.
This lead to a problem where the wrong per_cpu kmap_high_l1_vipt_depth
could be incremented, causing a BUG_ON(*depth <= 0); in
kunmap_high_l1_vipt().
The solution is to move the call to smp_processor_id() after the call
to preempt_disable().
Originally by: Andrew Howe <ahowe@nvidia.com>
Signed-off-by: Gary King <gking@nvidia.com>
Acked-by: Nicolas Pitre <nico.as.pitre@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Russell King <rmk+kernel@arm.linux.org.uk>
When CONFIG_DEBUG_HIGHMEM is used, the fixmap entry used for a highmem page
by kmap_atomic() is always cleared by kunmap_atomic(). This helps find
bad usages such as dereferences after the unmap, or overflow into the
adjacent fixmap areas.
But this debugging aid is completely bypassed when a kmap for the same
page already exists as the kmap is reused instead. ON VIVT systems we
have no choice but to reuse that kmap due to cache coherency issues,
but on non VIVT systems we should always force the fixmap usage when
debugging is active.
Signed-off-by: Nicolas Pitre <nicolas.pitre@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Russell King <rmk+kernel@arm.linux.org.uk>
The VIVT cache of a highmem page is always flushed before the page
is unmapped. This cache flush is explicit through flush_cache_kmaps()
in flush_all_zero_pkmaps(), or through __cpuc_flush_dcache_area() in
kunmap_atomic(). There is also an implicit flush of those highmem pages
that were part of a process that just terminated making those pages free
as the whole VIVT cache has to be flushed on every task switch. Hence
unmapped highmem pages need no cache maintenance in that case.
However unmapped pages may still be cached with a VIPT cache because the
cache is tagged with physical addresses. There is no need for a whole
cache flush during task switching for that reason, and despite the
explicit cache flushes in flush_all_zero_pkmaps() and kunmap_atomic(),
some highmem pages that were mapped in user space end up still cached
even when they become unmapped.
So, we do have to perform cache maintenance on those unmapped highmem
pages in the context of DMA when using a VIPT cache. Unfortunately,
it is not possible to perform that cache maintenance using physical
addresses as all the L1 cache maintenance coprocessor functions accept
virtual addresses only. Therefore we have no choice but to set up a
temporary virtual mapping for that purpose.
And of course the explicit cache flushing when unmapping a highmem page
on a system with a VIPT cache now can go, which should increase
performance.
While at it, because the code in __flush_dcache_page() has to be modified
anyway, let's also make sure the mapped highmem pages are pinned with
kmap_high_get() for the duration of the cache maintenance operation.
Because kunmap() does unmap highmem pages lazily, it was reported by
Gary King <GKing@nvidia.com> that those pages ended up being unmapped
during cache maintenance on SMP causing segmentation faults.
Signed-off-by: Nicolas Pitre <nico@marvell.com>
Signed-off-by: Russell King <rmk+kernel@arm.linux.org.uk>
Seemingly this support was missed when highmem was added, so
DEBUG_HIGHMEM wouldn't have checked the kmap_atomic type.
Signed-off-by: Russell King <rmk+kernel@arm.linux.org.uk>
Let's suppose a highmem page is kmap'd with kmap(). A pkmap entry is
used, the page mapped to it, and the virtual cache is dirtied. Then
kunmap() is used which does virtually nothing except for decrementing a
usage count.
Then, let's suppose the _same_ page gets mapped using kmap_atomic().
It is therefore mapped onto a fixmap entry instead, which has a
different virtual address unaware of the dirty cache data for that page
sitting in the pkmap mapping.
Fortunately it is easy to know if a pkmap mapping still exists for that
page and use it directly with kmap_atomic(), thanks to kmap_high_get().
And actual testing with a printk in the added code path shows that this
condition is actually met *extremely* frequently. Seems that we've been
quite lucky that things have worked so well with highmem so far.
Cc: stable@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Nicolas Pitre <nico@marvell.com>
Signed-off-by: Russell King <rmk+kernel@arm.linux.org.uk>
The kmap virtual area borrows a 2MB range at the top of the 16MB area
below PAGE_OFFSET currently reserved for kernel modules and/or the
XIP kernel. This 2MB corresponds to the range covered by 2 consecutive
second-level page tables, or a single pmd entry as seen by the Linux
page table abstraction. Because XIP kernels are unlikely to be seen
on systems needing highmem support, there shouldn't be any shortage of
VM space for modules (14 MB for modules is still way more than twice the
typical usage).
Because the virtual mapping of highmem pages can go away at any moment
after kunmap() is called on them, we need to bypass the delayed cache
flushing provided by flush_dcache_page() in that case.
The atomic kmap versions are based on fixmaps, and
__cpuc_flush_dcache_page() is used directly in that case.
Signed-off-by: Nicolas Pitre <nico@marvell.com>
Cesar Eduardo Barros