"[RFC - PATCH 0/7] consolidation of BUG support code."
https://lkml.org/lkml/2012/1/26/525
--
The changes shown here are to unify linux's BUG support under
the one <linux/bug.h> file. Due to historical reasons, we have
some BUG code in bug.h and some in kernel.h -- i.e. the support for
BUILD_BUG in linux/kernel.h predates the addition of linux/bug.h,
but old code in kernel.h wasn't moved to bug.h at that time. As
a band-aid, kernel.h was including <asm/bug.h> to pseudo link them.
This has caused confusion[1] and general yuck/WTF[2] reactions.
Here is an example that violates the principle of least surprise:
CC lib/string.o
lib/string.c: In function 'strlcat':
lib/string.c:225:2: error: implicit declaration of function 'BUILD_BUG_ON'
make[2]: *** [lib/string.o] Error 1
$
$ grep linux/bug.h lib/string.c
#include <linux/bug.h>
$
We've included <linux/bug.h> for the BUG infrastructure and yet we
still get a compile fail! [We've not kernel.h for BUILD_BUG_ON.]
Ugh - very confusing for someone who is new to kernel development.
With the above in mind, the goals of this changeset are:
1) find and fix any include/*.h files that were relying on the
implicit presence of BUG code.
2) find and fix any C files that were consuming kernel.h and
hence relying on implicitly getting some/all BUG code.
3) Move the BUG related code living in kernel.h to <linux/bug.h>
4) remove the asm/bug.h from kernel.h to finally break the chain.
During development, the order was more like 3-4, build-test, 1-2.
But to ensure that git history for bisect doesn't get needless
build failures introduced, the commits have been reorderd to fix
the problem areas in advance.
[1] https://lkml.org/lkml/2012/1/3/90
[2] https://lkml.org/lkml/2012/1/17/414
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Merge tag 'bug-for-3.4' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/paulg/linux
Pull <linux/bug.h> cleanup from Paul Gortmaker:
"The changes shown here are to unify linux's BUG support under the one
<linux/bug.h> file. Due to historical reasons, we have some BUG code
in bug.h and some in kernel.h -- i.e. the support for BUILD_BUG in
linux/kernel.h predates the addition of linux/bug.h, but old code in
kernel.h wasn't moved to bug.h at that time. As a band-aid, kernel.h
was including <asm/bug.h> to pseudo link them.
This has caused confusion[1] and general yuck/WTF[2] reactions. Here
is an example that violates the principle of least surprise:
CC lib/string.o
lib/string.c: In function 'strlcat':
lib/string.c:225:2: error: implicit declaration of function 'BUILD_BUG_ON'
make[2]: *** [lib/string.o] Error 1
$
$ grep linux/bug.h lib/string.c
#include <linux/bug.h>
$
We've included <linux/bug.h> for the BUG infrastructure and yet we
still get a compile fail! [We've not kernel.h for BUILD_BUG_ON.] Ugh -
very confusing for someone who is new to kernel development.
With the above in mind, the goals of this changeset are:
1) find and fix any include/*.h files that were relying on the
implicit presence of BUG code.
2) find and fix any C files that were consuming kernel.h and hence
relying on implicitly getting some/all BUG code.
3) Move the BUG related code living in kernel.h to <linux/bug.h>
4) remove the asm/bug.h from kernel.h to finally break the chain.
During development, the order was more like 3-4, build-test, 1-2. But
to ensure that git history for bisect doesn't get needless build
failures introduced, the commits have been reorderd to fix the problem
areas in advance.
[1] https://lkml.org/lkml/2012/1/3/90
[2] https://lkml.org/lkml/2012/1/17/414"
Fix up conflicts (new radeon file, reiserfs header cleanups) as per Paul
and linux-next.
* tag 'bug-for-3.4' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/paulg/linux:
kernel.h: doesn't explicitly use bug.h, so don't include it.
bug: consolidate BUILD_BUG_ON with other bug code
BUG: headers with BUG/BUG_ON etc. need linux/bug.h
bug.h: add include of it to various implicit C users
lib: fix implicit users of kernel.h for TAINT_WARN
spinlock: macroize assert_spin_locked to avoid bug.h dependency
x86: relocate get/set debugreg fcns to include/asm/debugreg.
Since we no longer need the VM_ALWAYSDUMP flag, let's use the freed bit
for 'VM_NODUMP' flag. The idea is is to add a new madvise() flag:
MADV_DONTDUMP, which can be set by applications to specifically request
memory regions which should not dump core.
The specific application I have in mind is qemu: we can add a flag there
that wouldn't dump all of guest memory when qemu dumps core. This flag
might also be useful for security sensitive apps that want to absolutely
make sure that parts of memory are not dumped. To clear the flag use:
MADV_DODUMP.
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: s/MADV_NODUMP/MADV_DONTDUMP/, s/MADV_CLEAR_NODUMP/MADV_DODUMP/, per Roland]
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: fix up the architectures which broke]
Signed-off-by: Jason Baron <jbaron@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Roland McGrath <roland@hack.frob.com>
Cc: Chris Metcalf <cmetcalf@tilera.com>
Cc: Avi Kivity <avi@redhat.com>
Cc: Ralf Baechle <ralf@linux-mips.org>
Cc: Richard Henderson <rth@twiddle.net>
Cc: Ivan Kokshaysky <ink@jurassic.park.msu.ru>
Cc: Matt Turner <mattst88@gmail.com>
Cc: "James E.J. Bottomley" <jejb@parisc-linux.org>
Cc: Helge Deller <deller@gmx.de>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
The motivation for this patchset was that I was looking at a way for a
qemu-kvm process, to exclude the guest memory from its core dump, which
can be quite large. There are already a number of filter flags in
/proc/<pid>/coredump_filter, however, these allow one to specify 'types'
of kernel memory, not specific address ranges (which is needed in this
case).
Since there are no more vma flags available, the first patch eliminates
the need for the 'VM_ALWAYSDUMP' flag. The flag is used internally by
the kernel to mark vdso and vsyscall pages. However, it is simple
enough to check if a vma covers a vdso or vsyscall page without the need
for this flag.
The second patch then replaces the 'VM_ALWAYSDUMP' flag with a new
'VM_NODUMP' flag, which can be set by userspace using new madvise flags:
'MADV_DONTDUMP', and unset via 'MADV_DODUMP'. The core dump filters
continue to work the same as before unless 'MADV_DONTDUMP' is set on the
region.
The qemu code which implements this features is at:
http://people.redhat.com/~jbaron/qemu-dump/qemu-dump.patch
In my testing the qemu core dump shrunk from 383MB -> 13MB with this
patch.
I also believe that the 'MADV_DONTDUMP' flag might be useful for
security sensitive apps, which might want to select which areas are
dumped.
This patch:
The VM_ALWAYSDUMP flag is currently used by the coredump code to
indicate that a vma is part of a vsyscall or vdso section. However, we
can determine if a vma is in one these sections by checking it against
the gate_vma and checking for a non-NULL return value from
arch_vma_name(). Thus, freeing a valuable vma bit.
Signed-off-by: Jason Baron <jbaron@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Roland McGrath <roland@hack.frob.com>
Cc: Chris Metcalf <cmetcalf@tilera.com>
Cc: Avi Kivity <avi@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Pull MCE changes from Ingo Molnar.
* 'x86-mce-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip:
x86/mce: Fix return value of mce_chrdev_read() when erst is disabled
x86/mce: Convert static array of pointers to per-cpu variables
x86/mce: Replace hard coded hex constants with symbolic defines
x86/mce: Recognise machine check bank signature for data path error
x86/mce: Handle "action required" errors
x86/mce: Add mechanism to safely save information in MCE handler
x86/mce: Create helper function to save addr/misc when needed
HWPOISON: Add code to handle "action required" errors.
HWPOISON: Clean up memory_failure() vs. __memory_failure()
Merge first batch of patches from Andrew Morton:
"A few misc things and all the MM queue"
* emailed from Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>: (92 commits)
memcg: avoid THP split in task migration
thp: add HPAGE_PMD_* definitions for !CONFIG_TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE
memcg: clean up existing move charge code
mm/memcontrol.c: remove unnecessary 'break' in mem_cgroup_read()
mm/memcontrol.c: remove redundant BUG_ON() in mem_cgroup_usage_unregister_event()
mm/memcontrol.c: s/stealed/stolen/
memcg: fix performance of mem_cgroup_begin_update_page_stat()
memcg: remove PCG_FILE_MAPPED
memcg: use new logic for page stat accounting
memcg: remove PCG_MOVE_LOCK flag from page_cgroup
memcg: simplify move_account() check
memcg: remove EXPORT_SYMBOL(mem_cgroup_update_page_stat)
memcg: kill dead prev_priority stubs
memcg: remove PCG_CACHE page_cgroup flag
memcg: let css_get_next() rely upon rcu_read_lock()
cgroup: revert ss_id_lock to spinlock
idr: make idr_get_next() good for rcu_read_lock()
memcg: remove unnecessary thp check in page stat accounting
memcg: remove redundant returns
memcg: enum lru_list lru
...
add_from_early_node_map() is unused.
Signed-off-by: Kautuk Consul <consul.kautuk@gmail.com>
Acked-by: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
sync_mm_rss() can only be used for current to avoid race conditions in
iterating and clearing its per-task counters. Remove the task argument
for it and its helper function, __sync_task_rss_stat(), to avoid thinking
it can be used safely for anything other than current.
Signed-off-by: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Acked-by: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
... since all callers ignore its return value and it's been
useless since commit 97a894136f
(mm: Remove i_mmap_lock lockbreak) anyway.
Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
If a header file is making use of BUG, BUG_ON, BUILD_BUG_ON, or any
other BUG variant in a static inline (i.e. not in a #define) then
that header really should be including <linux/bug.h> and not just
expecting it to be implicitly present.
We can make this change risk-free, since if the files using these
headers didn't have exposure to linux/bug.h already, they would have
been causing compile failures/warnings.
Signed-off-by: Paul Gortmaker <paul.gortmaker@windriver.com>
* 'x86-mm-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip:
x86/numa: Add constraints check for nid parameters
mm, x86: Remove debug_pagealloc_enabled
x86/mm: Initialize high mem before free_all_bootmem()
arch/x86/kernel/e820.c: quiet sparse noise about plain integer as NULL pointer
arch/x86/kernel/e820.c: Eliminate bubble sort from sanitize_e820_map()
x86: Fix mmap random address range
x86, mm: Unify zone_sizes_init()
x86, mm: Prepare zone_sizes_init() for unification
x86, mm: Use max_low_pfn for ZONE_NORMAL on 64-bit
x86, mm: Wrap ZONE_DMA32 with CONFIG_ZONE_DMA32
x86, mm: Use max_pfn instead of highend_pfn
x86, mm: Move zone init from paging_init() on 64-bit
x86, mm: Use MAX_DMA_PFN for ZONE_DMA on 32-bit
This one behaves similarly to the /proc/<pid>/fd/ one - it contains
symlinks one for each mapping with file, the name of a symlink is
"vma->vm_start-vma->vm_end", the target is the file. Opening a symlink
results in a file that point exactly to the same inode as them vma's one.
For example the ls -l of some arbitrary /proc/<pid>/map_files/
| lr-x------ 1 root root 64 Aug 26 06:40 7f8f80403000-7f8f80404000 -> /lib64/libc-2.5.so
| lr-x------ 1 root root 64 Aug 26 06:40 7f8f8061e000-7f8f80620000 -> /lib64/libselinux.so.1
| lr-x------ 1 root root 64 Aug 26 06:40 7f8f80826000-7f8f80827000 -> /lib64/libacl.so.1.1.0
| lr-x------ 1 root root 64 Aug 26 06:40 7f8f80a2f000-7f8f80a30000 -> /lib64/librt-2.5.so
| lr-x------ 1 root root 64 Aug 26 06:40 7f8f80a30000-7f8f80a4c000 -> /lib64/ld-2.5.so
This *helps* checkpointing process in three ways:
1. When dumping a task mappings we do know exact file that is mapped
by particular region. We do this by opening
/proc/$pid/map_files/$address symlink the way we do with file
descriptors.
2. This also helps in determining which anonymous shared mappings are
shared with each other by comparing the inodes of them.
3. When restoring a set of processes in case two of them has a mapping
shared, we map the memory by the 1st one and then open its
/proc/$pid/map_files/$address file and map it by the 2nd task.
Using /proc/$pid/maps for this is quite inconvenient since it brings
repeatable re-reading and reparsing for this text file which slows down
restore procedure significantly. Also as being pointed in (3) it is a way
easier to use top level shared mapping in children as
/proc/$pid/map_files/$address when needed.
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: coding-style fixes]
[gorcunov@openvz.org: make map_files depend on CHECKPOINT_RESTORE]
Signed-off-by: Pavel Emelyanov <xemul@parallels.com>
Signed-off-by: Cyrill Gorcunov <gorcunov@openvz.org>
Reviewed-by: Vasiliy Kulikov <segoon@openwall.com>
Reviewed-by: "Kirill A. Shutemov" <kirill@shutemov.name>
Cc: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Cc: Alexey Dobriyan <adobriyan@gmail.com>
Cc: Al Viro <viro@ZenIV.linux.org.uk>
Cc: Pavel Machek <pavel@ucw.cz>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
With CONFIG_DEBUG_PAGEALLOC configured, the CPU will generate an exception
on access (read,write) to an unallocated page, which permits us to catch
code which corrupts memory. However the kernel is trying to maximise
memory usage, hence there are usually few free pages in the system and
buggy code usually corrupts some crucial data.
This patch changes the buddy allocator to keep more free/protected pages
and to interlace free/protected and allocated pages to increase the
probability of catching corruption.
When the kernel is compiled with CONFIG_DEBUG_PAGEALLOC,
debug_guardpage_minorder defines the minimum order used by the page
allocator to grant a request. The requested size will be returned with
the remaining pages used as guard pages.
The default value of debug_guardpage_minorder is zero: no change from
current behaviour.
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: tweak documentation, s/flg/flag/]
Signed-off-by: Stanislaw Gruszka <sgruszka@redhat.com>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: "Rafael J. Wysocki" <rjw@sisk.pl>
Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Pekka Enberg <penberg@cs.helsinki.fi>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Add new flag bit "MF_ACTION_REQUIRED" to be used by machine check
code to force a signal with si_code = BUS_MCEERR_AR in the case
where the error occurs in processor execution context. Pass the
flags argument along call chain:
memory_failure()
hwpoison_user_mappings()
kill_procs()
kill_proc()
Drop the "_ao" suffix from kill_procs_ao() and kill_proc_ao() since
they can now handle "action required" as well as "action optional" errors.
Acked-by: Borislav Petkov <bp@amd64.org>
Signed-off-by: Tony Luck <tony.luck@intel.com>
There is only one caller of memory_failure(), all other users call
__memory_failure() and pass in the flags argument explicitly. The
lone user of memory_failure() will soon need to pass flags too.
Add flags argument to the callsite in mce.c. Delete the old memory_failure()
function, and then rename __memory_failure() without the leading "__".
Provide clearer message when action optional memory errors are ignored.
Acked-by: Borislav Petkov <bp@amd64.org>
Signed-off-by: Tony Luck <tony.luck@intel.com>
Use atomic-long operations instead of looping around cmpxchg().
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: massage atomic.h inclusions]
Signed-off-by: Konstantin Khlebnikov <khlebnikov@openvz.org>
Cc: Dave Chinner <david@fromorbit.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Now all ARCH_POPULATES_NODE_MAP archs select HAVE_MEBLOCK_NODE_MAP -
there's no user of early_node_map[] left. Kill early_node_map[] and
replace ARCH_POPULATES_NODE_MAP with HAVE_MEMBLOCK_NODE_MAP. Also,
relocate for_each_mem_pfn_range() and helper from mm.h to memblock.h
as page_alloc.c would no longer host an alternative implementation.
This change is ultimately one to one mapping and shouldn't cause any
observable difference; however, after the recent changes, there are
some functions which now would fit memblock.c better than page_alloc.c
and dependency on HAVE_MEMBLOCK_NODE_MAP instead of HAVE_MEMBLOCK
doesn't make much sense on some of them. Further cleanups for
functions inside HAVE_MEMBLOCK_NODE_MAP in mm.h would be nice.
-v2: Fix compile bug introduced by mis-spelling
CONFIG_HAVE_MEMBLOCK_NODE_MAP to CONFIG_MEMBLOCK_HAVE_NODE_MAP in
mmzone.h. Reported by Stephen Rothwell.
Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Cc: Stephen Rothwell <sfr@canb.auug.org.au>
Cc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
Cc: Yinghai Lu <yinghai@kernel.org>
Cc: Tony Luck <tony.luck@intel.com>
Cc: Ralf Baechle <ralf@linux-mips.org>
Cc: Martin Schwidefsky <schwidefsky@de.ibm.com>
Cc: Chen Liqin <liqin.chen@sunplusct.com>
Cc: Paul Mundt <lethal@linux-sh.org>
Cc: "David S. Miller" <davem@davemloft.net>
Cc: "H. Peter Anvin" <hpa@zytor.com>
When (no)bootmem finish operation, it pass pages to buddy
allocator. Since debug_pagealloc_enabled is not set, we will do
not protect pages, what is not what we want with
CONFIG_DEBUG_PAGEALLOC=y.
To fix remove debug_pagealloc_enabled. That variable was
introduced by commit 12d6f21e "x86: do not PSE on
CONFIG_DEBUG_PAGEALLOC=y" to get more CPA (change page
attribude) code testing. But currently we have CONFIG_CPA_DEBUG,
which test CPA.
Signed-off-by: Stanislaw Gruszka <sgruszka@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Cc: linux-mm@kvack.org
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1322582711-14571-1-git-send-email-sgruszka@redhat.com
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Conflicts & resolutions:
* arch/x86/xen/setup.c
dc91c728fd "xen: allow extra memory to be in multiple regions"
24aa07882b "memblock, x86: Replace memblock_x86_reserve/free..."
conflicted on xen_add_extra_mem() updates. The resolution is
trivial as the latter just want to replace
memblock_x86_reserve_range() with memblock_reserve().
* drivers/pci/intel-iommu.c
166e9278a3 "x86/ia64: intel-iommu: move to drivers/iommu/"
5dfe8660a3 "bootmem: Replace work_with_active_regions() with..."
conflicted as the former moved the file under drivers/iommu/.
Resolved by applying the chnages from the latter on the moved
file.
* mm/Kconfig
6661672053 "memblock: add NO_BOOTMEM config symbol"
c378ddd53f "memblock, x86: Make ARCH_DISCARD_MEMBLOCK a config option"
conflicted trivially. Both added config options. Just
letting both add their own options resolves the conflict.
* mm/memblock.c
d1f0ece6cd "mm/memblock.c: small function definition fixes"
ed7b56a799 "memblock: Remove memblock_memory_can_coalesce()"
confliected. The former updates function removed by the
latter. Resolution is trivial.
Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
This avoids duplicating the function in every arch gup_fast.
Signed-off-by: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <jweiner@redhat.com>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Cc: KOSAKI Motohiro <kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
Cc: David Gibson <david@gibson.dropbear.id.au>
Cc: Martin Schwidefsky <schwidefsky@de.ibm.com>
Cc: Heiko Carstens <heiko.carstens@de.ibm.com>
Cc: David Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Michel while working on the working set estimation code, noticed that
calling get_page_unless_zero() on a random pfn_to_page(random_pfn)
wasn't safe, if the pfn ended up being a tail page of a transparent
hugepage under splitting by __split_huge_page_refcount().
He then found the problem could also theoretically materialize with
page_cache_get_speculative() during the speculative radix tree lookups
that uses get_page_unless_zero() in SMP if the radix tree page is freed
and reallocated and get_user_pages is called on it before
page_cache_get_speculative has a chance to call get_page_unless_zero().
So the best way to fix the problem is to keep page_tail->_count zero at
all times. This will guarantee that get_page_unless_zero() can never
succeed on any tail page. page_tail->_mapcount is guaranteed zero and
is unused for all tail pages of a compound page, so we can simply
account the tail page references there and transfer them to
tail_page->_count in __split_huge_page_refcount() (in addition to the
head_page->_mapcount).
While debugging this s/_count/_mapcount/ change I also noticed get_page is
called by direct-io.c on pages returned by get_user_pages. That wasn't
entirely safe because the two atomic_inc in get_page weren't atomic. As
opposed to other get_user_page users like secondary-MMU page fault to
establish the shadow pagetables would never call any superflous get_page
after get_user_page returns. It's safer to make get_page universally safe
for tail pages and to use get_page_foll() within follow_page (inside
get_user_pages()). get_page_foll() is safe to do the refcounting for tail
pages without taking any locks because it is run within PT lock protected
critical sections (PT lock for pte and page_table_lock for
pmd_trans_huge).
The standard get_page() as invoked by direct-io instead will now take
the compound_lock but still only for tail pages. The direct-io paths
are usually I/O bound and the compound_lock is per THP so very
finegrined, so there's no risk of scalability issues with it. A simple
direct-io benchmarks with all lockdep prove locking and spinlock
debugging infrastructure enabled shows identical performance and no
overhead. So it's worth it. Ideally direct-io should stop calling
get_page() on pages returned by get_user_pages(). The spinlock in
get_page() is already optimized away for no-THP builds but doing
get_page() on tail pages returned by GUP is generally a rare operation
and usually only run in I/O paths.
This new refcounting on page_tail->_mapcount in addition to avoiding new
RCU critical sections will also allow the working set estimation code to
work without any further complexity associated to the tail page
refcounting with THP.
Signed-off-by: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Reported-by: Michel Lespinasse <walken@google.com>
Reviewed-by: Michel Lespinasse <walken@google.com>
Reviewed-by: Minchan Kim <minchan.kim@gmail.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <jweiner@redhat.com>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Cc: KOSAKI Motohiro <kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
Cc: David Gibson <david@gibson.dropbear.id.au>
Cc: <stable@kernel.org>
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Add __attribute__((format (printf...) to the function to validate format
and arguments. Use vsprintf extension %pV to avoid any possible message
interleaving. Coalesce format string. Convert printks/pr_warning to
pr_warn.
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: use the __printf() macro]
Signed-off-by: Joe Perches <joe@perches.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
This allows the cast in lowmem_page_address (introduced as a warning
fixup to 33dd4e0ec9 "mm: make some struct page's const") to be
removed.
Propagate const'ness to page_to_section() as well since it is required
by __page_to_pfn.
Signed-off-by: Ian Campbell <ian.campbell@citrix.com>
Acked-by: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: Michel Lespinasse <walken@google.com>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mel@csn.ul.ie>
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Followup to 33dd4e0ec9 "mm: make some struct page's const" which missed the
HASHED_PAGE_VIRTUAL case.
Signed-off-by: Ian Campbell <ian.campbell@citrix.com>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Michel Lespinasse <walken@google.com>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mel@csn.ul.ie>
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
In commit 2efaca927f ("mm/futex: fix futex writes on archs with SW
tracking of dirty & young") we forgot about MMU=n. This patch fixes
that.
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Acked-by: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
Acked-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1311761831.24752.413.camel@twins
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Some trivial conflicts due to other various merges
adding to the end of common lists sooner than this one.
arch/ia64/Kconfig
arch/powerpc/Kconfig
arch/x86/Kconfig
lib/Kconfig
lib/Makefile
Signed-off-by: Len Brown <len.brown@intel.com>
memory_failure() is the entry point for HWPoison memory error
recovery. It must be called in process context. But commonly
hardware memory errors are notified via MCE or NMI, so some delayed
execution mechanism must be used. In MCE handler, a work queue + ring
buffer mechanism is used.
In addition to MCE, now APEI (ACPI Platform Error Interface) GHES
(Generic Hardware Error Source) can be used to report memory errors
too. To add support to APEI GHES memory recovery, a mechanism similar
to that of MCE is implemented. memory_failure_queue() is the new
entry point that can be called in IRQ context. The next step is to
make MCE handler uses this interface too.
Signed-off-by: Huang Ying <ying.huang@intel.com>
Cc: Andi Kleen <ak@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Wu Fengguang <fengguang.wu@intel.com>
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Len Brown <len.brown@intel.com>
I haven't reproduced it myself but the fail scenario is that on such
machines (notably ARM and some embedded powerpc), if you manage to hit
that futex path on a writable page whose dirty bit has gone from the PTE,
you'll livelock inside the kernel from what I can tell.
It will go in a loop of trying the atomic access, failing, trying gup to
"fix it up", getting succcess from gup, go back to the atomic access,
failing again because dirty wasn't fixed etc...
So I think you essentially hang in the kernel.
The scenario is probably rare'ish because affected architecture are
embedded and tend to not swap much (if at all) so we probably rarely hit
the case where dirty is missing or young is missing, but I think Shan has
a piece of SW that can reliably reproduce it using a shared writable
mapping & fork or something like that.
On archs who use SW tracking of dirty & young, a page without dirty is
effectively mapped read-only and a page without young unaccessible in the
PTE.
Additionally, some architectures might lazily flush the TLB when relaxing
write protection (by doing only a local flush), and expect a fault to
invalidate the stale entry if it's still present on another processor.
The futex code assumes that if the "in_atomic()" access -EFAULT's, it can
"fix it up" by causing get_user_pages() which would then be equivalent to
taking the fault.
However that isn't the case. get_user_pages() will not call
handle_mm_fault() in the case where the PTE seems to have the right
permissions, regardless of the dirty and young state. It will eventually
update those bits ... in the struct page, but not in the PTE.
Additionally, it will not handle the lazy TLB flushing that can be
required by some architectures in the fault case.
Basically, gup is the wrong interface for the job. The patch provides a
more appropriate one which boils down to just calling handle_mm_fault()
since what we are trying to do is simulate a real page fault.
The futex code currently attempts to write to user memory within a
pagefault disabled section, and if that fails, tries to fix it up using
get_user_pages().
This doesn't work on archs where the dirty and young bits are maintained
by software, since they will gate access permission in the TLB, and will
not be updated by gup().
In addition, there's an expectation on some archs that a spurious write
fault triggers a local TLB flush, and that is missing from the picture as
well.
I decided that adding those "features" to gup() would be too much for this
already too complex function, and instead added a new simpler
fixup_user_fault() which is essentially a wrapper around handle_mm_fault()
which the futex code can call.
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: coding-style fixes]
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: fix some nits Darren saw, fiddle comment layout]
Signed-off-by: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
Reported-by: Shan Hai <haishan.bai@gmail.com>
Tested-by: Shan Hai <haishan.bai@gmail.com>
Cc: David Laight <David.Laight@ACULAB.COM>
Acked-by: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Cc: Darren Hart <darren.hart@intel.com>
Cc: <stable@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Correct comment on truncate_inode_pages*() in linux/mm.h; and remove
declaration of page_unuse(), it didn't exist even in 2.2.26 or 2.4.0!
Signed-off-by: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Originally, walk_hugetlb_range() didn't require a caller take any lock.
But commit d33b9f45bd ("mm: hugetlb: fix hugepage memory leak in
walk_page_range") changed its rule. Because it added find_vma() call in
walk_hugetlb_range().
Any locking-rule change commit should write a doc too.
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: clarify comment]
Signed-off-by: KOSAKI Motohiro <kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Naoya Horiguchi <n-horiguchi@ah.jp.nec.com>
Cc: Hiroyuki Kamezawa <kamezawa.hiroyuki@gmail.com>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: Matt Mackall <mpm@selenic.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
These uses are read-only and in a subsequent patch I have a const struct
page in my hand...
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: fix warnings in lowmem_page_address()]
Signed-off-by: Ian Campbell <ian.campbell@citrix.com>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mel@csn.ul.ie>
Cc: Michel Lespinasse <walken@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* 'for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/viro/vfs-2.6: (107 commits)
vfs: use ERR_CAST for err-ptr tossing in lookup_instantiate_filp
isofs: Remove global fs lock
jffs2: fix IN_DELETE_SELF on overwriting rename() killing a directory
fix IN_DELETE_SELF on overwriting rename() on ramfs et.al.
mm/truncate.c: fix build for CONFIG_BLOCK not enabled
fs:update the NOTE of the file_operations structure
Remove dead code in dget_parent()
AFS: Fix silly characters in a comment
switch d_add_ci() to d_splice_alias() in "found negative" case as well
simplify gfs2_lookup()
jfs_lookup(): don't bother with . or ..
get rid of useless dget_parent() in btrfs rename() and link()
get rid of useless dget_parent() in fs/btrfs/ioctl.c
fs: push i_mutex and filemap_write_and_wait down into ->fsync() handlers
drivers: fix up various ->llseek() implementations
fs: handle SEEK_HOLE/SEEK_DATA properly in all fs's that define their own llseek
Ext4: handle SEEK_HOLE/SEEK_DATA generically
Btrfs: implement our own ->llseek
fs: add SEEK_HOLE and SEEK_DATA flags
reiserfs: make reiserfs default to barrier=flush
...
Fix up trivial conflicts in fs/xfs/linux-2.6/xfs_super.c due to the new
shrinker callout for the inode cache, that clashed with the xfs code to
start the periodic workers later.
With context based shrinkers, we can implement a per-superblock
shrinker that shrinks the caches attached to the superblock. We
currently have global shrinkers for the inode and dentry caches that
split up into per-superblock operations via a coarse proportioning
method that does not batch very well. The global shrinkers also
have a dependency - dentries pin inodes - so we have to be very
careful about how we register the global shrinkers so that the
implicit call order is always correct.
With a per-sb shrinker callout, we can encode this dependency
directly into the per-sb shrinker, hence avoiding the need for
strictly ordering shrinker registrations. We also have no need for
any proportioning code for the shrinker subsystem already provides
this functionality across all shrinkers. Allowing the shrinker to
operate on a single superblock at a time means that we do less
superblock list traversals and locking and reclaim should batch more
effectively. This should result in less CPU overhead for reclaim and
potentially faster reclaim of items from each filesystem.
Signed-off-by: Dave Chinner <dchinner@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
For shrinkers that have their own cond_resched* calls, having
shrink_slab break the work down into small batches is not
paticularly efficient. Add a custom batchsize field to the struct
shrinker so that shrinkers can use a larger batch size if they
desire.
A value of zero (uninitialised) means "use the default", so
behaviour is unchanged by this patch.
Signed-off-by: Dave Chinner <dchinner@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
From 83103b92f3234ec830852bbc5c45911bd6cbdb20 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Date: Thu, 14 Jul 2011 11:22:16 +0200
Add optional region->nid which can be enabled by arch using
CONFIG_HAVE_MEMBLOCK_NODE_MAP. When enabled, memblock also carries
NUMA node information and replaces early_node_map[].
Newly added memblocks have MAX_NUMNODES as nid. Arch can then call
memblock_set_node() to set node information. memblock takes care of
merging and node affine allocations w.r.t. node information.
When MEMBLOCK_NODE_MAP is enabled, early_node_map[], related data
structures and functions to manipulate and iterate it are disabled.
memblock version of __next_mem_pfn_range() is provided such that
for_each_mem_pfn_range() behaves the same and its users don't have to
be updated.
-v2: Yinghai spotted section mismatch caused by missing
__init_memblock in memblock_set_node(). Fixed.
Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20110714094342.GF3455@htj.dyndns.org
Cc: Yinghai Lu <yinghai@kernel.org>
Cc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
Signed-off-by: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@linux.intel.com>
With the previous changes, generic NUMA aware memblock API has feature
parity with memblock_x86_find_in_range_node(). There currently are
two users - x86 setup_node_data() and __alloc_memory_core_early() in
nobootmem.c.
This patch converts the former to use memblock_alloc_nid() and the
latter memblock_find_range_in_node(), and kills
memblock_x86_find_in_range_node() and related functions including
find_memory_early_core_early() in page_alloc.c.
Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1310460395-30913-9-git-send-email-tj@kernel.org
Cc: Yinghai Lu <yinghai@kernel.org>
Cc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com>
Cc: "H. Peter Anvin" <hpa@zytor.com>
Signed-off-by: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@linux.intel.com>
Callback based iteration is cumbersome and much less useful than
for_each_*() iterator. This patch implements for_each_mem_pfn_range()
which replaces work_with_active_regions(). All the current users of
work_with_active_regions() are converted.
This simplifies walking over early_node_map and will allow converting
internal logics in page_alloc to use iterator instead of walking
early_node_map directly, which in turn will enable moving node
information to memblock.
powerpc change is only compile tested.
Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20110714074610.GD3455@htj.dyndns.org
Cc: Yinghai Lu <yinghai@kernel.org>
Cc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
Signed-off-by: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@linux.intel.com>
SPARSEMEM w/o VMEMMAP and DISCONTIGMEM, both used only on 32bit, use
sections array to map pfn to nid which is limited in granularity. If
NUMA nodes are laid out such that the mapping cannot be accurate, boot
will fail triggering BUG_ON() in mminit_verify_page_links().
On 32bit, it's 512MiB w/ PAE and SPARSEMEM. This seems to have been
granular enough until commit 2706a0bf7b (x86, NUMA: Enable
CONFIG_AMD_NUMA on 32bit too). Apparently, there is a machine which
aligns NUMA nodes to 128MiB and has only AMD NUMA but not SRAT. This
led to the following BUG_ON().
On node 0 totalpages: 2096615
DMA zone: 32 pages used for memmap
DMA zone: 0 pages reserved
DMA zone: 3927 pages, LIFO batch:0
Normal zone: 1740 pages used for memmap
Normal zone: 220978 pages, LIFO batch:31
HighMem zone: 16405 pages used for memmap
HighMem zone: 1853533 pages, LIFO batch:31
BUG: Int 6: CR2 (null)
EDI (null) ESI 00000002 EBP 00000002 ESP c1543ecc
EBX f2400000 EDX 00000006 ECX (null) EAX 00000001
err (null) EIP c16209aa CS 00000060 flg 00010002
Stack: f2400000 00220000 f7200800 c1620613 00220000 01000000 04400000 00238000
(null) f7200000 00000002 f7200b58 f7200800 c1620929 000375fe (null)
f7200b80 c16395f0 00200a02 f7200a80 (null) 000375fe 00000002 (null)
Pid: 0, comm: swapper Not tainted 2.6.39-rc5-00181-g2706a0b #17
Call Trace:
[<c136b1e5>] ? early_fault+0x2e/0x2e
[<c16209aa>] ? mminit_verify_page_links+0x12/0x42
[<c1620613>] ? memmap_init_zone+0xaf/0x10c
[<c1620929>] ? free_area_init_node+0x2b9/0x2e3
[<c1607e99>] ? free_area_init_nodes+0x3f2/0x451
[<c1601d80>] ? paging_init+0x112/0x118
[<c15f578d>] ? setup_arch+0x791/0x82f
[<c15f43d9>] ? start_kernel+0x6a/0x257
This patch implements node_map_pfn_alignment() which determines
maximum internode alignment and update numa_register_memblks() to
reject NUMA configuration if alignment exceeds the pfn -> nid mapping
granularity of the memory model as determined by PAGES_PER_SECTION.
This makes the problematic machine boot w/ flatmem by rejecting the
NUMA config and provides protection against crazy NUMA configurations.
Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20110712074534.GB2872@htj.dyndns.org
LKML-Reference: <20110628174613.GP478@escobedo.osrc.amd.com>
Reported-and-Tested-by: Hans Rosenfeld <hans.rosenfeld@amd.com>
Cc: Conny Seidel <conny.seidel@amd.com>
Signed-off-by: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@linux.intel.com>
Setup and cleanup of mm_struct->exe_file is currently done in fs/proc/.
This was because exe_file was needed only for /proc/<pid>/exe. Since we
will need the exe_file functionality also for core dumps (so core name can
contain full binary path), built this functionality always into the
kernel.
To achieve that move that out of proc FS to the kernel/ where in fact it
should belong. By doing that we can make dup_mm_exe_file static. Also we
can drop linux/proc_fs.h inclusion in fs/exec.c and kernel/fork.c.
Signed-off-by: Jiri Slaby <jslaby@suse.cz>
Cc: Alexander Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
The type of vma->vm_flags is 'unsigned long'. Neither 'int' nor
'unsigned int'. This patch fixes such misuse.
Signed-off-by: KOSAKI Motohiro <kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com>
[ Changed to use a typedef - we'll extend it to cover more cases
later, since there has been discussion about making it a 64-bit
type.. - Linus ]
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Remove noMMU declaration of shmem_get_unmapped_area() from mm.h: it fell
out of use in 2.6.21 and ceased to exist in 2.6.29.
Signed-off-by: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
The problem with having two different types of counters is that developers
adding new code need to keep in mind whether it's safe to use both the
atomic and non-atomic implementations. For example, when adding new
callers of the *_mm_counter() functions a developer needs to ensure that
those paths are always executed with page_table_lock held, in case we're
using the non-atomic implementation of mm counters.
Hugh Dickins introduced the atomic mm counters in commit f412ac08c9
("[PATCH] mm: fix rss and mmlist locking"). When asked why he left the
non-atomic counters around he said,
| The only reason was to avoid adding costly atomic operations into a
| configuration that had no need for them there: the page_table_lock
| sufficed.
|
| Certainly it would be simpler just to delete the non-atomic variant.
|
| And I think it's fair to say that any configuration on which we're
| measuring performance to that degree (rather than "does it boot fast?"
| type measurements), would already be going the split ptlocks route.
Removing the non-atomic counters eases the maintenance burden because
developers no longer have to mindful of the two implementations when using
*_mm_counter().
Note that all architectures provide a means of atomically updating
atomic_long_t variables, even if they have to revert to the generic
spinlock implementation because they don't support 64-bit atomic
instructions (see lib/atomic64.c).
Signed-off-by: Matt Fleming <matt.fleming@linux.intel.com>
Acked-by: Dave Hansen <dave@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Acked-by: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Do not define PFN_SECTION_SHIFT if !CONFIG_SPARSEMEM.
Signed-off-by: Daniel Kiper <dkiper@net-space.pl>
Acked-by: Dave Hansen <dave@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
set_page_section() is meaningful only in CONFIG_SPARSEMEM and
!CONFIG_SPARSEMEM_VMEMMAP context. Move it to proper place and amend
accordingly functions which are using it.
Signed-off-by: Daniel Kiper <dkiper@net-space.pl>
Acked-by: Dave Hansen <dave@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Acked-by: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Change each shrinker's API by consolidating the existing parameters into
shrink_control struct. This will simplify any further features added w/o
touching each file of shrinker.
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: fix build]
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: fix warning]
[kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com: fix up new shrinker API]
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: fix xfs warning]
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: update gfs2]
Signed-off-by: Ying Han <yinghan@google.com>
Cc: KOSAKI Motohiro <kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Minchan Kim <minchan.kim@gmail.com>
Acked-by: Pavel Emelyanov <xemul@openvz.org>
Cc: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mel@csn.ul.ie>
Acked-by: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: Dave Hansen <dave@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Steven Whitehouse <swhiteho@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Consolidate the existing parameters to shrink_slab() into a new
shrink_control struct. This is needed later to pass the same struct to
shrinkers.
Signed-off-by: Ying Han <yinghan@google.com>
Cc: KOSAKI Motohiro <kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Minchan Kim <minchan.kim@gmail.com>
Acked-by: Pavel Emelyanov <xemul@openvz.org>
Cc: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mel@csn.ul.ie>
Acked-by: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: Dave Hansen <dave@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Linus Torvalds