While debugging I stumbled over two problems in the code that protects module
pages.
First issue is that disabling the protection before freeing init or unload of
a module is not symmetric with the enablement. For instance, if pages are set
to RO the page range from module_core to module_core + core_ro_size is
protected. If a module is unloaded the page range from module_core to
module_core + core_size is set back to RW.
So pages that were not set to RO are also changed to RW.
This is not critical but IMHO it should be symmetric.
Second issue is that while set_memory_rw & set_memory_ro are used for
RO/RW changes only set_memory_nx is involved for NX/X. One would await that
the inverse function is called when the NX protection should be removed,
which is not the case here, unless I'm missing something.
Signed-off-by: Jan Glauber <jang@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
Reset mod->init_ro_size to zero after the init part of a module is unloaded.
Otherwise we need to check if module->init is NULL in the unprotect functions
in the next patch.
Signed-off-by: Jan Glauber <jang@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
Fix function prototype to be ANSI-C compliant, consistent with other
function prototypes, addressing a sparse warning.
Signed-off-by: Daniel J Blueman <daniel.blueman@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
Driver modules from the staging directory are marked 'tainted'
by module.c. Subsequently, tainted modules are denied dynamic
debugging. This is unwanted behavior, since staging modules should
be able to use the dynamic debugging mechanism.
Please merge this also into the staging-linus branch.
Signed-off-by: Roland Vossen <rvossen@broadcom.com>
Acked-by: Jason Baron <jbaron@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>
In an effort to reduce kernel address leaks that might be used to help
target kernel privilege escalation exploits, this patch uses %pK when
displaying addresses in /proc/kallsyms, /proc/modules, and
/sys/module/*/sections/*.
Note that this changes %x to %p, so some legitimately 0 values in
/proc/kallsyms would have changed from 00000000 to "(null)". To avoid
this, "(null)" is not used when using the "K" format. Anything that was
already successfully parsing "(null)" in addition to full hex digits
should have no problem with this change. (Thanks to Joe Perches for the
suggestion.) Due to the %x to %p, "void *" casts are needed since these
addresses are already "unsigned long" everywhere internally, due to their
starting life as ELF section offsets.
Signed-off-by: Kees Cook <kees.cook@canonical.com>
Cc: Eugene Teo <eugene@redhat.com>
Cc: Dan Rosenberg <drosenberg@vsecurity.com>
Cc: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Make the tracepoints more robust, making them solid enough to handle compiler
changes by not relying on anything based on compiler-specific behavior with
respect to structure alignment. Implement an approach proposed by David Miller:
use an array of const pointers to refer to the individual structures, and export
this pointer array through the linker script rather than the structures per se.
It will consume 32 extra bytes per tracepoint (24 for structure padding and 8
for the pointers), but are less likely to break due to compiler changes.
History:
commit 7e066fb8 tracepoints: add DECLARE_TRACE() and DEFINE_TRACE()
added the aligned(32) type and variable attribute to the tracepoint structures
to deal with gcc happily aligning statically defined structures on 32-byte
multiples.
One attempt was to use a 8-byte alignment for tracepoint structures by applying
both the variable and type attribute to tracepoint structures definitions and
declarations. It worked fine with gcc 4.5.1, but broke with gcc 4.4.4 and 4.4.5.
The reason is that the "aligned" attribute only specify the _minimum_ alignment
for a structure, leaving both the compiler and the linker free to align on
larger multiples. Because tracepoint.c expects the structures to be placed as an
array within each section, up-alignment cause NULL-pointer exceptions due to the
extra unexpected padding.
(this patch applies on top of -tip)
Signed-off-by: Mathieu Desnoyers <mathieu.desnoyers@efficios.com>
Acked-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
LKML-Reference: <20110126222622.GA10794@Krystal>
CC: Frederic Weisbecker <fweisbec@gmail.com>
CC: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
CC: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
CC: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
CC: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
CC: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
The commit:
84e1c6bb38
x86: Add RO/NX protection for loadable kernel modules
Broke the function tracer with this output:
------------[ cut here ]------------
WARNING: at kernel/trace/ftrace.c:1014 ftrace_bug+0x114/0x171()
Hardware name: Precision WorkStation 470
Modules linked in: i2c_core(+)
Pid: 86, comm: modprobe Not tainted 2.6.37-rc2+ #68
Call Trace:
[<ffffffff8104e957>] warn_slowpath_common+0x85/0x9d
[<ffffffffa00026db>] ? __process_new_adapter+0x7/0x34 [i2c_core]
[<ffffffffa00026db>] ? __process_new_adapter+0x7/0x34 [i2c_core]
[<ffffffff8104e989>] warn_slowpath_null+0x1a/0x1c
[<ffffffff810a9dfe>] ftrace_bug+0x114/0x171
[<ffffffffa00026db>] ? __process_new_adapter+0x7/0x34 [i2c_core]
[<ffffffff810aa0db>] ftrace_process_locs+0x1ae/0x274
[<ffffffffa00026db>] ? __process_new_adapter+0x7/0x34 [i2c_core]
[<ffffffff810aa29e>] ftrace_module_notify+0x39/0x44
[<ffffffff814405cf>] notifier_call_chain+0x37/0x63
[<ffffffff8106e054>] __blocking_notifier_call_chain+0x46/0x5b
[<ffffffff8106e07d>] blocking_notifier_call_chain+0x14/0x16
[<ffffffff8107ffde>] sys_init_module+0x73/0x1f3
[<ffffffff8100acf2>] system_call_fastpath+0x16/0x1b
---[ end trace 2aff4f4ca53ec746 ]---
ftrace faulted on writing [<ffffffffa00026db>]
__process_new_adapter+0x7/0x34 [i2c_core]
The cause was that the module text was set to read only before ftrace
could convert the calls to mcount to nops. Thus, the conversions failed
due to not being able to write to the text locations.
The simple fix is to move setting the module to read only after the
module notifiers are called (where ftrace sets the module mcounts to nops).
Reported-by: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Acked-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
This patch is a logical extension of the protection provided by
CONFIG_DEBUG_RODATA to LKMs. The protection is provided by
splitting module_core and module_init into three logical parts
each and setting appropriate page access permissions for each
individual section:
1. Code: RO+X
2. RO data: RO+NX
3. RW data: RW+NX
In order to achieve proper protection, layout_sections() have
been modified to align each of the three parts mentioned above
onto page boundary. Next, the corresponding page access
permissions are set right before successful exit from
load_module(). Further, free_module() and sys_init_module have
been modified to set module_core and module_init as RW+NX right
before calling module_free().
By default, the original section layout and access flags are
preserved. When compiled with CONFIG_DEBUG_SET_MODULE_RONX=y,
the patch will page-align each group of sections to ensure that
each page contains only one type of content and will enforce
RO/NX for each group of pages.
-v1: Initial proof-of-concept patch.
-v2: The patch have been re-written to reduce the number of #ifdefs
and to make it architecture-agnostic. Code formatting has also
been corrected.
-v3: Opportunistic RO/NX protection is now unconditional. Section
page-alignment is enabled when CONFIG_DEBUG_RODATA=y.
-v4: Removed most macros and improved coding style.
-v5: Changed page-alignment and RO/NX section size calculation
-v6: Fixed comments. Restricted RO/NX enforcement to x86 only
-v7: Introduced CONFIG_DEBUG_SET_MODULE_RONX, added
calls to set_all_modules_text_rw() and set_all_modules_text_ro()
in ftrace
-v8: updated for compatibility with linux 2.6.33-rc5
-v9: coding style fixes
-v10: more coding style fixes
-v11: minor adjustments for -tip
-v12: minor adjustments for v2.6.35-rc2-tip
-v13: minor adjustments for v2.6.37-rc1-tip
Signed-off-by: Siarhei Liakh <sliakh.lkml@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Xuxian Jiang <jiang@cs.ncsu.edu>
Acked-by: Arjan van de Ven <arjan@linux.intel.com>
Reviewed-by: James Morris <jmorris@namei.org>
Signed-off-by: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@zytor.com>
Cc: Andi Kleen <ak@muc.de>
Cc: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
Cc: Stephen Rothwell <sfr@canb.auug.org.au>
Cc: Dave Jones <davej@redhat.com>
Cc: Kees Cook <kees.cook@canonical.com>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
LKML-Reference: <4CE2F914.9070106@free.fr>
[ minor cleanliness edits, -v14: build failure fix ]
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
On use of trace_printk() there's a macro that determines if the format
is static or a variable. If it is static, it defaults to __trace_bprintk()
otherwise it uses __trace_printk().
A while ago, Lai Jiangshan added __trace_bprintk(). In that patch, we
discussed a way to allow modules to use it. The difference between
__trace_bprintk() and __trace_printk() is that for faster processing,
just the format and args are stored in the trace instead of running
it through a sprintf function. In order to do this, the format used
by the __trace_bprintk() had to be persistent.
See commit 1ba28e02a1
The problem comes with trace_bprintk() where the module is unloaded.
The pointer left in the buffer is still pointing to the format.
To solve this issue, the formats in the module were copied into kernel
core. If the same format was used, they would use the same copy (to prevent
memory leak). This all worked well until we tried to merge everything.
At the time this was written, Lai Jiangshan, Frederic Weisbecker,
Ingo Molnar and myself were all touching the same code. When this was
merged, we lost the part of it that was in module.c. This kept out the
copying of the formats and unloading the module could cause bad pointers
left in the ring buffer.
This patch adds back (with updates required for current kernel) the
module code that sets up the necessary pointers.
Cc: Lai Jiangshan <laijs@cn.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Building with CONFIG_KALLSYMS=n gives following warning:
/mnt/src/linux-git/kernel/module.c: In function ‘post_relocation’:
/mnt/src/linux-git/kernel/module.c:2534:2: warning: passing argument 2 of ‘add_kallsyms’ discards qualifiers from pointer target type
/mnt/src/linux-git/kernel/module.c:2038:13: note: expected ‘struct load_info *’ but argument is of type ‘const struct load_info *’
Signed-off-by: Michał Mirosław <mirq-linux@rere.qmqm.pl>
Signed-off-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
With all the recent module loading cleanups, we've minimized the code
that sits under module_mutex, fixing various deadlocks and making it
possible to do most of the module loading in parallel.
However, that whole conversion totally missed the rather obscure code
that adds a new module to the list for BUG() handling. That code was
doubly obscure because (a) the code itself lives in lib/bugs.c (for
dubious reasons) and (b) it gets called from the architecture-specific
"module_finalize()" rather than from generic code.
Calling it from arch-specific code makes no sense what-so-ever to begin
with, and is now actively wrong since that code isn't protected by the
module loading lock any more.
So this commit moves the "module_bug_{finalize,cleanup}()" calls away
from the arch-specific code, and into the generic code - and in the
process protects it with the module_mutex so that the list operations
are now safe.
Future fixups:
- move the module list handling code into kernel/module.c where it
belongs.
- get rid of 'module_bug_list' and just use the regular list of modules
(called 'modules' - imagine that) that we already create and maintain
for other reasons.
Reported-and-tested-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
Cc: Adrian Bunk <bunk@kernel.org>
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: stable@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
base patch to implement 'jump labeling'. Based on a new 'asm goto' inline
assembly gcc mechanism, we can now branch to labels from an 'asm goto'
statment. This allows us to create a 'no-op' fastpath, which can subsequently
be patched with a jump to the slowpath code. This is useful for code which
might be rarely used, but which we'd like to be able to call, if needed.
Tracepoints are the current usecase that these are being implemented for.
Acked-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Signed-off-by: Jason Baron <jbaron@redhat.com>
LKML-Reference: <ee8b3595967989fdaf84e698dc7447d315ce972a.1284733808.git.jbaron@redhat.com>
[ cleaned up some formating ]
Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
On my (32-bit x86) machine, sys_init_module() uses 124 bytes of stack
once load_module() is inlined.
This effectively reverts ffb4ba76 which inlined it due to stack
pressure.
Signed-off-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
This simply hoists more code out of load_module; we also put the
identification of the extable and dynamic debug table in with the
others in find_module_sections().
We move the taint check to the actual add/remove of the dynamic debug
info: this is certain (find_module_sections is too early).
Signed-off-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
Cc: Yehuda Sadeh <yehuda@hq.newdream.net>
Instead of copying and allocating the args and storing it in
load_info, we can just allocate them right before we need them.
Signed-off-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
Pass the struct load_info into all the other functions in module
loading. This neatens things and makes them more consistent.
Signed-off-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
Restore the stub module_remove_modinfo_attrs, remove the now-unused
!CONFIG_SYSFS module_sysfs_init.
Also, rename mod_kobject_remove() to mod_sysfs_teardown() as
it is the logical counterpart to mod_sysfs_setup now.
Reported-by: Randy Dunlap <randy.dunlap@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
We change the sysfs functions to take struct load_info, and call
them all in mod_sysfs_setup().
We also clean up the #ifdefs a little.
Signed-off-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
layout_and_allocate() does everything up to and including the final
struct module placement inside the allocated module memory. We have
to store the symbol layout information in our struct load_info though.
This avoids the nasty code we had before where 'mod' pointed first
to the version inside the temporary allocation containing the entire
file, then later was moved to point to the real struct module: now
the main code only ever sees the final module address.
(Includes fix for the Tony Luck-found Linus-diagnosed failure path
error).
Signed-off-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
Andrew had the sole pleasure of tickling this bug in linux-next; when we set
up "info->strtab" it's pointing into the temporary copy of the module. For
most uses that is fine, but kallsyms keeps a pointer around during module
load (inside mod->strtab).
If we oops for some reason inside a module's init function, kallsyms will use
the mod->strtab pointer into the now-freed temporary module copy.
(Later oopses work fine: after init we overwrite mod->strtab to point to a
compacted core-only strtab).
Reported-by: Andrew "Grumpy" Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Rusty "Buggy" Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
Tested-by: Andrew "Happy" Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
Put all the "rewrite and check section headers" in one place. This
adds another iteration over the sections, but it's far clearer. We
iterate once for every find_section() so we already iterate over many
times.
Signed-off-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
Btw, here's a patch that _looks_ large, but it really pretty trivial, and
sets things up so that it would be way easier to split off pieces of the
module loading.
The reason it looks large is that it creates a "module_info" structure
that contains all the module state that we're building up while loading,
instead of having individual variables for all the indices etc.
So the patch ends up being large, because every "symindex" access instead
becomes "info.index.sym" etc. That may be a few characters longer, but it
then means that we can just pass a pointer to that "info" structure
around. and let all the pieces fill it in very naturally.
As an example of that, the patch also moves the initialization of all
those convenience variables into a "setup_module_info()" function. And at
this point it really does become very natural to start to peel off some of
the error labels and move them into the helper functions - now the
"truncated" case is gone, and is handled inside that setup function
instead.
So maybe you don't like this approach, and it does make the variable
accesses a bit longer, but I don't think unreadably so. And the patch
really does look big and scary, but there really should be absolutely no
semantic changes - most of it was a trivial and mindless rename.
In fact, it was so mindless that I on purpose kept the existing helper
functions looking like this:
- err = check_modinfo(mod, sechdrs, infoindex, versindex);
+ err = check_modinfo(mod, info.sechdrs, info.index.info, info.index.vers);
rather than changing them to just take the "info" pointer. IOW, a second
phase (if you think the approach is ok) would change that calling
convention to just do
err = check_modinfo(mod, &info);
(and same for "layout_sections()", "layout_symtabs()" etc.) Similarly,
while right now it makes things _look_ bigger, with things like this:
versindex = find_sec(hdr, sechdrs, secstrings, "__versions");
becoming
info->index.vers = find_sec(info->hdr, info->sechdrs, info->secstrings, "__versions");
in the new "setup_module_info()" function, that's again just a result of
it being a search-and-replace patch. By using the 'info' pointer, we could
just change the 'find_sec()' interface so that it ends up being
info->index.vers = find_sec(info, "__versions");
instead, and then we'd actually have a shorter and more readable line. So
for a lot of those mindless variable name expansions there's would be room
for separate cleanups.
I didn't move quite everything in there - if we do this to layout_symtabs,
for example, we'd want to move the percpu, symoffs, stroffs, *strmap
variables to be fields in that module_info structure too. But that's a
much smaller patch, I moved just the really core stuff that is currently
being set up and used in various parts.
But even in this rough form, it removes close to 70 lines from that
function (but adds 22 lines overall, of course - the structure definition,
the helper function declarations and call-sites etc etc).
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
And now that I'm looking at that call-chain (to see if it would make sense
to use some other more specific lock - doesn't look like it: all the
readers are using RCU and this is the only writer), I also give you this
trivial one-liner. It changes each_symbol() to not put that constant array
on the stack, resulting in changing
movq $C.388.31095, %rsi #, tmp85
subq $376, %rsp #,
movq %rdi, %rbx # fn, fn
leaq -208(%rbp), %rdi #, tmp84
movq %rbx, %rdx # fn,
rep movsl
xorl %esi, %esi #
leaq -208(%rbp), %rdi #, tmp87
movq %r12, %rcx # data,
call each_symbol_in_section.clone.0 #
into
xorl %esi, %esi #
subq $216, %rsp #,
movq %rdi, %rbx # fn, fn
movq $arr.31078, %rdi #,
call each_symbol_in_section.clone.0 #
which is not so much about being obviously shorter and simpler because we
don't unnecessarily copy that constant array around onto the stack, but
also about having a much smaller stack footprint (376 vs 216 bytes - see
the update of 'rsp').
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
1) Extract out the relocation loop into apply_relocations
2) Extract license and version checks into check_module_license_and_versions
3) Extract icache flushing into flush_module_icache
4) Move __obsparm warning into find_module_sections
5) Move license setting into check_modinfo.
Signed-off-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
Allocate references inside module_unload_init(), clean up inside
module_unload_free().
This version fixed to do allocation before __this_cpu_write, thanks to
bug reports from linux-next from Dave Young <hidave.darkstar@gmail.com>
and Stephen Rothwell <sfr@canb.auug.org.au>.
Signed-off-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
Here's a second one. It's slightly less trivial - since we now have error
cases - and equally untested so it may well be totally broken. But it also
cleans up a bit more, and avoids one of the goto targets, because the
"move_module()" helper now does both allocations or none.
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
I'd start from the trivial stuff. There's a fair amount of straight-line
code that just makes the function hard to read just because you have to
page up and down so far. Some of it is trivial to just create a helper
function for.
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
No need to clear mod->refptr in module_unload_init(), since
alloc_percpu() already clears allocated chunks.
Signed-off-by: Eric Dumazet <eric.dumazet@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au> (removed unused var)
The command
echo "file ec.c +p" >/sys/kernel/debug/dynamic_debug/control
causes an oops.
Move the call to ddebug_remove_module() down into free_module(). In this
way it should be called from all error paths. Currently, we are missing
the remove if the module init routine fails.
Signed-off-by: Jason Baron <jbaron@redhat.com>
Reported-by: Thomas Renninger <trenn@suse.de>
Tested-by: Thomas Renninger <trenn@suse.de>
Cc: <stable@kernel.org> [2.6.32+]
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
We should initialize the module dynamic debug datastructures
only after determining that the module is not loaded yet. This
fixes a bug that introduced in 2.6.35-rc2, where when a trying
to load a module twice, we also load it's dynamic printing data
twice which causes all sorts of nasty issues. Also handle
the dynamic debug cleanup later on failure.
Signed-off-by: Yehuda Sadeh <yehuda@hq.newdream.net>
Signed-off-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au> (removed a #ifdef)
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Problem: it's hard to avoid an init routine stumbling over a
request_module these days. And it's not clear it's always a bad idea:
for example, a module like kvm with dynamic dependencies on kvm-intel
or kvm-amd would be neater if it could simply request_module the right
one.
In this particular case, it's libcrc32c:
libcrc32c_mod_init
crypto_alloc_shash
crypto_alloc_tfm
crypto_find_alg
crypto_alg_mod_lookup
crypto_larval_lookup
request_module
If another module is waiting inside resolve_symbol() for libcrc32c to
finish initializing (ie. bne2 depends on libcrc32c) then it does so
holding the module lock, and our request_module() can't make progress
until that is released.
Waiting inside resolve_symbol() without the lock isn't all that hard:
we just need to pass the -EBUSY up the call chain so we can sleep
where we don't hold the lock. Error reporting is a bit trickier: we
need to copy the name of the unfinished module before releasing the
lock.
Other notes:
1) This also fixes a theoretical issue where a weak dependency would allow
symbol version mismatches to be ignored.
2) We rename use_module to ref_module to make life easier for the only
external user (the out-of-tree ksplice patches).
Signed-off-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Tim Abbot <tabbott@ksplice.com>
Tested-by: Brandon Philips <bphilips@suse.de>
It disabled preempt so it was "safe", but nothing stops another module
slipping in before this module is added to the global list now we don't
hold the lock the whole time.
So we check this just after we check for duplicate modules, and just
before we put the module in the global list.
(find_symbol finds symbols in coming and going modules, too).
Signed-off-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
I think Rusty may have made the lock a bit _too_ finegrained there, and
didn't add it to some places that needed it. It looks, for example, like
PATCH 1/2 actually drops the lock in places where it's needed
("find_module()" is documented to need it, but now load_module() didn't
hold it at all when it did the find_module()).
Rather than adding a new "module_loading" list, I think we should be able
to just use the existing "modules" list, and just fix up the locking a
bit.
In fact, maybe we could just move the "look up existing module" a bit
later - optimistically assuming that the module doesn't exist, and then
just undoing the work if it turns out that we were wrong, just before
adding ourselves to the list.
Signed-off-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
Kay Sievers <kay.sievers@vrfy.org> reports that we still have some
contention over module loading which is slowing boot.
Linus also disliked a previous "drop lock and regrab" patch to fix the
bne2 "gave up waiting for init of module libcrc32c" message.
This is more ambitious: we only grab the lock where we need it.
Signed-off-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
Cc: Brandon Philips <brandon@ifup.org>
Cc: Kay Sievers <kay.sievers@vrfy.org>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
These were placed in the header in ef665c1a06 to get the various
SYSFS/MODULE config combintations to compile.
That may have been necessary then, but it's not now. These functions
are all local to module.c.
Signed-off-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
Cc: Randy Dunlap <randy.dunlap@oracle.com>
This means a little extra work, but is more logical: we don't put
anything in sysfs until we're about to put the module into the
global list an parse its parameters.
This also gives us a logical place to put duplicate module detection
in the next patch.
Signed-off-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
Linus changed the structure, and luckily this didn't compile any more.
Reported-by: Stephen Rothwell <sfr@canb.auug.org.au>
Signed-off-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
Cc: Jason Wessel <jason.wessel@windriver.com>
Cc: Martin Hicks <mort@sgi.com>
When adding a module that depends on another one, we used to create a
one-way list of "modules_which_use_me", so that module unloading could
see who needs a module.
It's actually quite simple to make that list go both ways: so that we
not only can see "who uses me", but also see a list of modules that are
"used by me".
In fact, we always wanted that list in "module_unload_free()": when we
unload a module, we want to also release all the other modules that are
used by that module. But because we didn't have that list, we used to
first iterate over all modules, and then iterate over each "used by me"
list of that module.
By making the list two-way, we simplify module_unload_free(), and it
allows for some trivial fixes later too.
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au> (cleaned & rebased)
* 'for-35' of git://repo.or.cz/linux-kbuild: (81 commits)
kbuild: Revert part of e8d400a to resolve a conflict
kbuild: Fix checking of scm-identifier variable
gconfig: add support to show hidden options that have prompts
menuconfig: add support to show hidden options which have prompts
gconfig: remove show_debug option
gconfig: remove dbg_print_ptype() and dbg_print_stype()
kconfig: fix zconfdump()
kconfig: some small fixes
add random binaries to .gitignore
kbuild: Include gen_initramfs_list.sh and the file list in the .d file
kconfig: recalc symbol value before showing search results
.gitignore: ignore *.lzo files
headerdep: perlcritic warning
scripts/Makefile.lib: Align the output of LZO
kbuild: Generate modules.builtin in make modules_install
Revert "kbuild: specify absolute paths for cscope"
kbuild: Do not unnecessarily regenerate modules.builtin
headers_install: use local file handles
headers_check: fix perl warnings
export_report: fix perl warnings
...
Rafael sees a sometimes crash at precpu_modfree from kernel/module.c; it
only occurred with another (since-reverted) patch, but that patch simply
changed timing to uncover this bug, it was otherwise unrelated.
The comment about the mod being freed is self-explanatory, but neither
Tejun nor I read it. This bug was introduced in 259354deaa, after it
had previously been fixed in 6e2b75740b. How embarrassing.
Reported-by: "Rafael J. Wysocki" <rjw@sisk.pl>
Signed-off-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
Embarrassingly-Acked-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Cc: Masami Hiramatsu <mhiramat@redhat.com>
Tested-by: "Rafael J. Wysocki" <rjw@sisk.pl>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
This reverts commit 480b02df3a, since
Rafael reports that it causes occasional kernel paging request faults in
load_module().
Dropping the module lock and re-taking it deep in the call-chain is
definitely not the right thing to do. That just turns the mutex from a
lock into a "random non-locking data structure" that doesn't actually
protect what it's supposed to protect.
Requested-and-tested-by: Rafael J. Wysocki <rjw@sisk.pl>
Cc: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
Cc: Brandon Philips <brandon@ifup.org>
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* 'modules' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/rusty/linux-2.6-for-linus:
module: drop the lock while waiting for module to complete initialization.
MODULE_DEVICE_TABLE(isapnp, ...) does nothing
hisax_fcpcipnp: fix broken isapnp device table.
isapnp: move definitions to mod_devicetable.h so file2alias can reach them.
* 'kdb-merge' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/jwessel/linux-2.6-kgdb: (25 commits)
kdb,debug_core: Allow the debug core to receive a panic notification
MAINTAINERS: update kgdb, kdb, and debug_core info
debug_core,kdb: Allow the debug core to process a recursive debug entry
printk,kdb: capture printk() when in kdb shell
kgdboc,kdb: Allow kdb to work on a non open console port
kgdb: Add the ability to schedule a breakpoint via a tasklet
mips,kgdb: kdb low level trap catch and stack trace
powerpc,kgdb: Introduce low level trap catching
x86,kgdb: Add low level debug hook
kgdb: remove post_primary_code references
kgdb,docs: Update the kgdb docs to include kdb
kgdboc,keyboard: Keyboard driver for kdb with kgdb
kgdb: gdb "monitor" -> kdb passthrough
sparc,sunzilog: Add console polling support for sunzilog serial driver
sh,sh-sci: Use NO_POLL_CHAR in the SCIF polled console code
kgdb,8250,pl011: Return immediately from console poll
kgdb: core changes to support kdb
kdb: core for kgdb back end (2 of 2)
kdb: core for kgdb back end (1 of 2)
kgdb,blackfin: Add in kgdb_arch_set_pc for blackfin
...
This allows bin_attr->read,write,mmap callbacks to check file specific data
(such as inode owner) as part of any privilege validation.
Signed-off-by: Chris Wright <chrisw@sous-sol.org>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>
This patch contains the hooks and instrumentation into kernel which
live outside the kernel/debug directory, which the kdb core
will call to run commands like lsmod, dmesg, bt etc...
CC: linux-arch@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Jason Wessel <jason.wessel@windriver.com>
Signed-off-by: Martin Hicks <mort@sgi.com>
This fixes "gave up waiting for init of module libcrc32c." which
happened at boot time due to multiple parallel module loads.
The problem was a deadlock: we wait for a module to finish
initializing, but we keep the module_lock mutex so it can't complete.
In particular, this could reasonably happen if a module does a
request_module() in its initialization routine.
So we change use_module() to return an errno rather than a bool, and if
it's -EBUSY we drop the lock and wait in the caller, then reaquire the
lock.
Reported-by: Brandon Philips <brandon@ifup.org>
Signed-off-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
Tested-by: Brandon Philips <brandon@ifup.org>
* 'sched-core-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/linux-2.6-tip: (49 commits)
stop_machine: Move local variable closer to the usage site in cpu_stop_cpu_callback()
sched, wait: Use wrapper functions
sched: Remove a stale comment
ondemand: Make the iowait-is-busy time a sysfs tunable
ondemand: Solve a big performance issue by counting IOWAIT time as busy
sched: Intoduce get_cpu_iowait_time_us()
sched: Eliminate the ts->idle_lastupdate field
sched: Fold updating of the last_update_time_info into update_ts_time_stats()
sched: Update the idle statistics in get_cpu_idle_time_us()
sched: Introduce a function to update the idle statistics
sched: Add a comment to get_cpu_idle_time_us()
cpu_stop: add dummy implementation for UP
sched: Remove rq argument to the tracepoints
rcu: need barrier() in UP synchronize_sched_expedited()
sched: correctly place paranioa memory barriers in synchronize_sched_expedited()
sched: kill paranoia check in synchronize_sched_expedited()
sched: replace migration_thread with cpu_stop
stop_machine: reimplement using cpu_stop
cpu_stop: implement stop_cpu[s]()
sched: Fix select_idle_sibling() logic in select_task_rq_fair()
...
Reimplement stop_machine using cpu_stop. As cpu stoppers are
guaranteed to be available for all online cpus,
stop_machine_create/destroy() are no longer necessary and removed.
With resource management and synchronization handled by cpu_stop, the
new implementation is much simpler. Asking the cpu_stop to execute
the stop_cpu() state machine on all online cpus with cpu hotplug
disabled is enough.
stop_machine itself doesn't need to manage any global resources
anymore, so all per-instance information is rolled into struct
stop_machine_data and the mutex and all static data variables are
removed.
The previous implementation created and destroyed RT workqueues as
necessary which made stop_machine() calls highly expensive on very
large machines. According to Dimitri Sivanich, preventing the dynamic
creation/destruction makes booting faster more than twice on very
large machines. cpu_stop resources are preallocated for all online
cpus and should have the same effect.
Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Acked-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
Acked-by: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Cc: Dimitri Sivanich <sivanich@sgi.com>
Module refcounting is implemented with a per-cpu counter for speed.
However there is a race when tallying the counter where a reference may
be taken by one CPU and released by another. Reference count summation
may then see the decrement without having seen the previous increment,
leading to lower than expected count. A module which never has its
actual reference drop below 1 may return a reference count of 0 due to
this race.
Module removal generally runs under stop_machine, which prevents this
race causing bugs due to removal of in-use modules. However there are
other real bugs in module.c code and driver code (module_refcount is
exported) where the callers do not run under stop_machine.
Fix this by maintaining running per-cpu counters for the number of
module refcount increments and the number of refcount decrements. The
increments are tallied after the decrements, so any decrement seen will
always have its corresponding increment counted. The final refcount is
the difference of the total increments and decrements, preventing a
low-refcount from being returned.
Signed-off-by: Nick Piggin <npiggin@suse.de>
Acked-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
If modules are configured in the build but unloading of modules is not,
then the refcnt is not defined. Place the get/put module tracepoints
under CONFIG_MODULE_UNLOAD since it references this field in the module
structure.
As a side-effect, this patch also reduces the code when MODULE_UNLOAD
is not set, because these unused tracepoints are not created.
Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Remove the @refcnt argument, because it has side-effects, and arguments with
side-effects are not skipped by the jump over disabled instrumentation and are
executed even when the tracepoint is disabled.
This was also causing a GPF as found by Randy Dunlap:
Subject: 2.6.33 GP fault only when built with tracing
LKML-Reference: <4BA2B69D.3000309@oracle.com>
Note, the current 2.6.34-rc has a fix for the actual cause of the GPF,
but this fixes one of its triggers.
Tested-by: Randy Dunlap <randy.dunlap@oracle.com>
Acked-by: Mathieu Desnoyers <mathieu.desnoyers@efficios.com>
Signed-off-by: Li Zefan <lizf@cn.fujitsu.com>
LKML-Reference: <4BA97FA7.6040406@cn.fujitsu.com>
Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
lockdep has custom code to check whether a pointer belongs to static
percpu area which is somewhat broken. Implement proper
is_kernel/module_percpu_address() and replace the custom code.
On UP, percpu variables are regular static variables and can't be
distinguished from them. Always return %false on UP.
Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Acked-by: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Cc: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com>
Better encapsulate module static percpu area handling so that code
outsidef of CONFIG_SMP ifdef doesn't deal with mod->percpu directly
and add mod->percpu_size and record percpu_size in it. Both percpu
fields are compiled out on UP. While at it, mark mod->percpu w/
__percpu.
This is to prepare for is_module_percpu_address().
Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Acked-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
A little more whack-a-mole annotating the dynamic sysfs attributes. I
had everything built into my earlier test kernel, and so I missed
these.
Signed-off-by: Eric W. Biederman <ebiederm@xmission.com>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>
Commit 35dead4 "modules: don't export section names of empty sections
via sysfs" changed the set of sections that have attributes, but did
not change the iteration over these attributes in add_notes_attrs().
This can lead to add_notes_attrs() creating attributes with the wrong
names or with null name pointers.
Introduce a sect_empty() function and use it in both add_sect_attrs()
and add_notes_attrs().
Reported-by: Martin Michlmayr <tbm@cyrius.com>
Signed-off-by: Ben Hutchings <ben@decadent.org.uk>
Tested-by: Martin Michlmayr <tbm@cyrius.com>
Cc: stable@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Use cpu ops to deal with the per cpu data instead of a local_t. Reduces memory
requirements, cache footprint and decreases cycle counts.
The this_cpu_xx operations are also used for !SMP mode. Otherwise we could
not drop the use of __module_ref_addr() which would make per cpu data handling
complicated. this_cpu_xx operations have their own fallback for !SMP.
V8-V9:
- Leave include asm/module.h since ringbuffer.c depends on it. Nothing else
does though. Another patch will deal with that.
- Remove spurious free.
Signed-off-by: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux-foundation.org>
Acked-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
* 'kmemleak' of git://linux-arm.org/linux-2.6:
kmemleak: fix kconfig for crc32 build error
kmemleak: Reduce the false positives by checking for modified objects
kmemleak: Show the age of an unreferenced object
kmemleak: Release the object lock before calling put_object()
kmemleak: Scan the _ftrace_events section in modules
kmemleak: Simplify the kmemleak_scan_area() function prototype
kmemleak: Do not use off-slab management with SLAB_NOLEAKTRACE
powerpc applies relocations to the kcrctab. They're absolute symbols,
but it's not completely unreasonable: other archs may too, but the
relocation is often 0.
http://lists.ozlabs.org/pipermail/linuxppc-dev/2009-November/077972.html
Inspired-by: Neil Horman <nhorman@tuxdriver.com>
Signed-off-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
Tested-by: Neil Horman <nhorman@tuxdriver.com>
Acked-by: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
* 'for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tj/percpu: (34 commits)
m68k: rename global variable vmalloc_end to m68k_vmalloc_end
percpu: add missing per_cpu_ptr_to_phys() definition for UP
percpu: Fix kdump failure if booted with percpu_alloc=page
percpu: make misc percpu symbols unique
percpu: make percpu symbols in ia64 unique
percpu: make percpu symbols in powerpc unique
percpu: make percpu symbols in x86 unique
percpu: make percpu symbols in xen unique
percpu: make percpu symbols in cpufreq unique
percpu: make percpu symbols in oprofile unique
percpu: make percpu symbols in tracer unique
percpu: make percpu symbols under kernel/ and mm/ unique
percpu: remove some sparse warnings
percpu: make alloc_percpu() handle array types
vmalloc: fix use of non-existent percpu variable in put_cpu_var()
this_cpu: Use this_cpu_xx in trace_functions_graph.c
this_cpu: Use this_cpu_xx for ftrace
this_cpu: Use this_cpu_xx in nmi handling
this_cpu: Use this_cpu operations in RCU
this_cpu: Use this_cpu ops for VM statistics
...
Fix up trivial (famous last words) global per-cpu naming conflicts in
arch/x86/kvm/svm.c
mm/slab.c
On the parisc architecture we face for each and every loaded kernel module
this kernel "badness warning":
sysfs: cannot create duplicate filename '/module/ac97_bus/sections/.text'
Badness at fs/sysfs/dir.c:487
Reason for that is, that on parisc all kernel modules do have multiple
.text sections due to the usage of the -ffunction-sections compiler flag
which is needed to reach all jump targets on this platform.
An objdump on such a kernel module gives:
Sections:
Idx Name Size VMA LMA File off Algn
0 .note.gnu.build-id 00000024 00000000 00000000 00000034 2**2
CONTENTS, ALLOC, LOAD, READONLY, DATA
1 .text 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000058 2**0
CONTENTS, ALLOC, LOAD, READONLY, CODE
2 .text.ac97_bus_match 0000001c 00000000 00000000 00000058 2**2
CONTENTS, ALLOC, LOAD, READONLY, CODE
3 .text 00000000 00000000 00000000 000000d4 2**0
CONTENTS, ALLOC, LOAD, READONLY, CODE
...
Since the .text sections are empty (size of 0 bytes) and won't be
loaded by the kernel module loader anyway, I don't see a reason
why such sections need to be listed under
/sys/module/<module_name>/sections/<section_name> either.
The attached patch does solve this issue by not exporting section
names which are empty.
This fixes bugzilla http://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=14703
Signed-off-by: Helge Deller <deller@gmx.de>
CC: rusty@rustcorp.com.au
CC: akpm@linux-foundation.org
CC: James.Bottomley@HansenPartnership.com
CC: roland@redhat.com
CC: dave@hiauly1.hia.nrc.ca
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
This section contains pointers to allocated objects and not scanning it
leads to false positives.
Reported-by: Zdenek Kabelac <zdenek.kabelac@gmail.com>
Acked-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
Signed-off-by: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
This function was taking non-necessary arguments which can be determined
by kmemleak. The patch also modifies the calling sites.
Signed-off-by: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Cc: Pekka Enberg <penberg@cs.helsinki.fi>
Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
With ia64 converted, there's no arch left which still uses legacy
percpu allocator. Kill it.
Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Delightedly-acked-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com>
Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux-foundation.org>
Starting from commit 4a4962263f "reduce
symbol table for loaded modules (v2)", the kernel/module.c build is broken
with CONFIG_KALLSYMS disabled.
CC kernel/module.o
kernel/module.c:1995: warning: type defaults to 'int' in declaration of 'Elf_Hdr'
kernel/module.c:1995: error: expected ';', ',' or ')' before '*' token
kernel/module.c: In function 'load_module':
kernel/module.c:2203: error: 'strmap' undeclared (first use in this function)
kernel/module.c:2203: error: (Each undeclared identifier is reported only once
kernel/module.c:2203: error: for each function it appears in.)
kernel/module.c:2239: error: 'symoffs' undeclared (first use in this function)
kernel/module.c:2239: error: implicit declaration of function 'layout_symtab'
kernel/module.c:2240: error: 'stroffs' undeclared (first use in this function)
make[1]: *** [kernel/module.o] Error 1
make: *** [kernel/module.o] Error 2
There are three different issues:
- layout_symtab() takes a const Elf_Ehdr
- layout_symtab() needs to return a value
- symoffs/stroffs/strmap are referenced by the load_module() code
despite being ifdefed out, which seems unnecessary given the noop
behaviour of layout_symtab()/add_kallsyms() in the case of
CONFIG_KALLSYMS=n.
Signed-off-by: Paul Mundt <lethal@linux-sh.org>
Acked-by: Jan Beulich <jbeulich@novell.com>
Acked-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* 'tracing-fixes-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/linux-2.6-tip:
modules, tracing: Remove stale struct marker signature from module_layout()
tracing/workqueue: Use %pf in workqueue trace events
tracing: Fix a comment and a trivial format issue in tracepoint.h
tracing: Fix failure path in ftrace_regex_open()
tracing: Fix failure path in ftrace_graph_write()
tracing: Check the return value of trace_get_user()
tracing: Fix off-by-one in trace_get_user()
The general one handles NULL, the static obsolescent
(CONFIG_HAVE_LEGACY_PER_CPU_AREA) one in module.c doesn't; Eric's
commit 720eba31 assumed it did, and various frobbings since then kept
that assumption.
All other callers in module.c all protect it with an if; this effectively
does the same as free_init is only goto if we fail percpu_modalloc().
Reported-by: Kamalesh Babulal <kamalesh@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
Cc: Eric Dumazet <dada1@cosmosbay.com>
Cc: Masami Hiramatsu <mhiramat@redhat.com>
Cc: Américo Wang <xiyou.wangcong@gmail.com>
Tested-by: Kamalesh Babulal <kamalesh@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Normally the twisty paths of sysfs will free the attributes, but not if
we fail before we hook it into sysfs (which is the last thing we do in
load_module).
(This sysfs code is a turd, no doubt there are other issues lurking too).
Reported-by: Tetsuo Handa <penguin-kernel@i-love.sakura.ne.jp>
Signed-off-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
Cc: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Tested-by: Tetsuo Handa <penguin-kernel@i-love.sakura.ne.jp>
Also remove all parts of the string table (referenced by the symbol
table) that are not needed for kallsyms use (i.e. which were only
referenced by symbols discarded by the previous patch, or not
referenced at all for whatever reason).
Signed-off-by: Jan Beulich <jbeulich@novell.com>
Signed-off-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
Discard all symbols not interesting for kallsyms use: absolute,
section, and in the common case (!KALLSYMS_ALL) data ones.
Signed-off-by: Jan Beulich <jbeulich@novell.com>
Signed-off-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
Linus reported this new build warning:
kernel/module.c:2951: warning: ?struct marker? declared inside parameter list
kernel/module.c:2951: warning: its scope is only this definition or declaration, which is probably not what you want
Caused by:
fc53776: tracing: Remove markers
module_layout() is an artificial symbol with 'significant' symbols
listed in its argument list so that it gets a proper argument types
signature that modversions can pick up to decide whether a
module is version-compatible or not. If these dont match then we
wont even look at a module.
Remove the stale marker symbol.
Reported-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
LKML-Reference: <alpine.LFD.2.01.0909210908020.4950@localhost.localdomain>
Cc: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Cc: Mathieu Desnoyers <mathieu.desnoyers@polymtl.ca>
Cc: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Cc: Frederic Weisbecker <fweisbec@gmail.com>
Cc: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Some architectures (like the Blackfin arch) implement some of the
"simpler" features that one would expect out of a MMU such as memory
protection.
In our case, we actually get read/write/exec protection down to the page
boundary so processes can't stomp on each other let alone the kernel.
There is a performance decrease (which depends greatly on the workload)
however as the hardware/software interaction was not optimized at design
time.
Signed-off-by: Bernd Schmidt <bernds_cb1@t-online.de>
Signed-off-by: Bryan Wu <cooloney@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Mike Frysinger <vapier@gentoo.org>
Acked-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Greg Ungerer <gerg@snapgear.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Now that the last users of markers have migrated to the event
tracer we can kill off the (now orphan) support code.
Signed-off-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Acked-by: Mathieu Desnoyers <mathieu.desnoyers@polymtl.ca>
Cc: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Cc: Frederic Weisbecker <fweisbec@gmail.com>
LKML-Reference: <20090917173527.GA1699@lst.de>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
* 'for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tj/percpu: (46 commits)
powerpc64: convert to dynamic percpu allocator
sparc64: use embedding percpu first chunk allocator
percpu: kill lpage first chunk allocator
x86,percpu: use embedding for 64bit NUMA and page for 32bit NUMA
percpu: update embedding first chunk allocator to handle sparse units
percpu: use group information to allocate vmap areas sparsely
vmalloc: implement pcpu_get_vm_areas()
vmalloc: separate out insert_vmalloc_vm()
percpu: add chunk->base_addr
percpu: add pcpu_unit_offsets[]
percpu: introduce pcpu_alloc_info and pcpu_group_info
percpu: move pcpu_lpage_build_unit_map() and pcpul_lpage_dump_cfg() upward
percpu: add @align to pcpu_fc_alloc_fn_t
percpu: make @dyn_size mandatory for pcpu_setup_first_chunk()
percpu: drop @static_size from first chunk allocators
percpu: generalize first chunk allocator selection
percpu: build first chunk allocators selectively
percpu: rename 4k first chunk allocator to page
percpu: improve boot messages
percpu: fix pcpu_reclaim() locking
...
Fix trivial conflict as by Tejun Heo in kernel/sched.c
> James Bottomley (1):
> module: workaround duplicate section names
-tip testing found that this patch breaks the build on x86 if
CONFIG_KALLSYMS is disabled:
kernel/module.c: In function ‘load_module’:
kernel/module.c:2367: error: ‘struct module’ has no member named ‘sect_attrs’
distcc[8269] ERROR: compile kernel/module.c on ph/32 failed
make[1]: *** [kernel/module.o] Error 1
make: *** [kernel] Error 2
make: *** Waiting for unfinished jobs....
Commit 1b364bf misses the fact that section attributes are only
built and dealt with if kallsyms is enabled. The patch below fixes
this.
( note, technically speaking this should depend on CONFIG_SYSFS as
well but this patch is correct too and keeps the #ifdef less
intrusive - in the KALLSYMS && !SYSFS case the code is a NOP. )
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
[ Replaced patch with a slightly cleaner variation by James Bottomley ]
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
The root cause is a duplicate section name (.text); is this legal?
[ Amerigo Wang: "AFAIK, yes." ]
However, there's a problem with commit
6d76013381 in that if you fail to allocate
a mod->sect_attrs (in this case it's null because of the duplication),
it still gets used without checking in add_notes_attrs()
This should fix it
[ This patch leaves other problems, particularly the sections directory,
but recent parisc toolchains seem to produce these modules and this
prevents a crash and is a minimal change -- RR ]
Signed-off-by: James Bottomley <James.Bottomley@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
Tested-by: Helge Deller <deller@gmx.de>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
The rarely-used symbol_put_addr() needs to use dereference_function_descriptor
on powerpc.
Reported-by: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
Signed-off-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au.
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Conflicts:
arch/sparc/kernel/smp_64.c
arch/x86/kernel/cpu/perf_counter.c
arch/x86/kernel/setup_percpu.c
drivers/cpufreq/cpufreq_ondemand.c
mm/percpu.c
Conflicts in core and arch percpu codes are mostly from commit
ed78e1e078dd44249f88b1dd8c76dafb39567161 which substituted many
num_possible_cpus() with nr_cpu_ids. As for-next branch has moved all
the first chunk allocators into mm/percpu.c, the changes are moved
from arch code to mm/percpu.c.
Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
The check_modstruct_version() needs to look up the symbol "module_layout"
in the kernel, but it does so literally and not by a C identifier. The
trouble is that it does not include a symbol prefix for those ports that
need it (like the Blackfin and H8300 port). So make sure we tack on the
MODULE_SYMBOL_PREFIX define to the front of it.
Signed-off-by: Mike Frysinger <vapier@gentoo.org>
Signed-off-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Commit 5fd29d6ccb ("printk: clean up
handling of log-levels and newlines") changed printk semantics. printk
lines with multiple KERN_<level> prefixes are no longer emitted as
before the patch.
<level> is now included in the output on each additional use.
Remove all uses of multiple KERN_<level>s in formats.
Signed-off-by: Joe Perches <joe@perches.com>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
This patch makes most !CONFIG_HAVE_SETUP_PER_CPU_AREA archs use
dynamic percpu allocator. The first chunk is allocated using
embedding helper and 8k is reserved for modules. This ensures that
the new allocator behaves almost identically to the original allocator
as long as static percpu variables are concerned, so it shouldn't
introduce much breakage.
s390 and alpha use custom SHIFT_PERCPU_PTR() to work around addressing
range limit the addressing model imposes. Unfortunately, this breaks
if the address is specified using a variable, so for now, the two
archs aren't converted.
The following architectures are affected by this change.
* sh
* arm
* cris
* mips
* sparc(32)
* blackfin
* avr32
* parisc (broken, under investigation)
* m32r
* powerpc(32)
As this change makes the dynamic allocator the default one,
CONFIG_HAVE_DYNAMIC_PER_CPU_AREA is replaced with its invert -
CONFIG_HAVE_LEGACY_PER_CPU_AREA, which is added to yet-to-be converted
archs. These archs implement their own setup_per_cpu_areas() and the
conversion is not trivial.
* powerpc(64)
* sparc(64)
* ia64
* alpha
* s390
Boot and batch alloc/free tests on x86_32 with debug code (x86_32
doesn't use default first chunk initialization). Compile tested on
sparc(32), powerpc(32), arm and alpha.
Kyle McMartin reported that this change breaks parisc. The problem is
still under investigation and he is okay with pushing this patch
forward and fixing parisc later.
[ Impact: use dynamic allocator for most archs w/o custom percpu setup ]
Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Acked-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
Acked-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Acked-by: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
Acked-by: Martin Schwidefsky <schwidefsky@de.ibm.com>
Reviewed-by: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Cc: Paul Mundt <lethal@linux-sh.org>
Cc: Russell King <rmk@arm.linux.org.uk>
Cc: Mikael Starvik <starvik@axis.com>
Cc: Ralf Baechle <ralf@linux-mips.org>
Cc: Bryan Wu <cooloney@kernel.org>
Cc: Kyle McMartin <kyle@mcmartin.ca>
Cc: Matthew Wilcox <matthew@wil.cx>
Cc: Grant Grundler <grundler@parisc-linux.org>
Cc: Hirokazu Takata <takata@linux-m32r.org>
Cc: Richard Henderson <rth@twiddle.net>
Cc: Ivan Kokshaysky <ink@jurassic.park.msu.ru>
Cc: Heiko Carstens <heiko.carstens@de.ibm.com>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Call constructors (gcc-generated initcall-like functions) during kernel
start and module load. Constructors are e.g. used for gcov data
initialization.
Disable constructor support for usermode Linux to prevent conflicts with
host glibc.
Signed-off-by: Peter Oberparleiter <oberpar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Acked-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
Acked-by: WANG Cong <xiyou.wangcong@gmail.com>
Cc: Sam Ravnborg <sam@ravnborg.org>
Cc: Jeff Dike <jdike@addtoit.com>
Cc: Andi Kleen <andi@firstfloor.org>
Cc: Huang Ying <ying.huang@intel.com>
Cc: Li Wei <W.Li@Sun.COM>
Cc: Michael Ellerman <michaele@au1.ibm.com>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Cc: Heiko Carstens <heicars2@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Martin Schwidefsky <mschwid2@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Several WARN_ON() messages omit the '\n' at the end of the string, which
is a simple (and understandable) error. The next line printed after
that warning line is usually the current module list, and that printk
does not have a log-level marker - resulting in one long mixed-up line.
Adding this loglevel marker will now avoid this unreadable mess.
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
It's theoretically possible that there are exception table entries
which point into the (freed) init text of modules. These could cause
future problems if other modules get loaded into that memory and cause
an exception as we'd see the wrong fixup. The only case I know of is
kvm-intel.ko (when CONFIG_CC_OPTIMIZE_FOR_SIZE=n).
Amerigo fixed this long-standing FIXME in the x86 version, but this
patch is more general.
This implements trim_init_extable(); most archs are simple since they
use the standard lib/extable.c sort code. Alpha and IA64 use relative
addresses in their fixups, so thier trimming is a slight variation.
Sparc32 is unique; it doesn't seem to define ARCH_HAS_SORT_EXTABLE,
yet it defines its own sort_extable() which overrides the one in lib.
It doesn't sort, so we have to mark deleted entries instead of
actually trimming them.
Inspired-by: Amerigo Wang <amwang@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
Cc: linux-alpha@vger.kernel.org
Cc: sparclinux@vger.kernel.org
Cc: linux-ia64@vger.kernel.org
* 'for-linus' of git://linux-arm.org/linux-2.6:
kmemleak: Add the corresponding MAINTAINERS entry
kmemleak: Simple testing module for kmemleak
kmemleak: Enable the building of the memory leak detector
kmemleak: Remove some of the kmemleak false positives
kmemleak: Add modules support
kmemleak: Add kmemleak_alloc callback from alloc_large_system_hash
kmemleak: Add the vmalloc memory allocation/freeing hooks
kmemleak: Add the slub memory allocation/freeing hooks
kmemleak: Add the slob memory allocation/freeing hooks
kmemleak: Add the slab memory allocation/freeing hooks
kmemleak: Add documentation on the memory leak detector
kmemleak: Add the base support
Manual conflict resolution (with the slab/earlyboot changes) in:
drivers/char/vt.c
init/main.c
mm/slab.c
This patch handles the kmemleak operations needed for modules loading so
that memory allocations from inside a module are properly tracked.
Signed-off-by: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
The hooks in the module code for the function tracer must be called
before any of that module code runs. The function tracer hooks
modify the module (replacing calls to mcount to nops). If the code
is executed while the change occurs, then the CPU can take a GPF.
To handle the above with a bit of paranoia, I originally implemented
the hooks as calls directly from the module code.
After examining the notifier calls, it looks as though the start up
notify is called before any of the module's code is executed. This makes
the use of the notify safe with ftrace.
Only the startup notify is required to be "safe". The shutdown simply
removes the entries from the ftrace function list, and does not modify
any code.
This change has another benefit. It removes a issue with a reverse dependency
in the mutexes of ftrace_lock and module_mutex.
[ Impact: fix lock dependency bug, cleanup ]
Cc: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Commit 3d43321b70 ("modules: sysctl to
block module loading") introduces a modules_disabled variable that is
only defined if CONFIG_MODULE_UNLOAD is enabled, despite being used in
other places. This moves it up and fixes up the build.
CC kernel/module.o
kernel/module.c: In function 'sys_init_module':
kernel/module.c:2401: error: 'modules_disabled' undeclared (first use in this function)
kernel/module.c:2401: error: (Each undeclared identifier is reported only once
kernel/module.c:2401: error: for each function it appears in.)
make[1]: *** [kernel/module.o] Error 1
make: *** [kernel/module.o] Error 2
Signed-off-by: Paul Mundt <lethal@linux-sh.org>
Signed-off-by: James Morris <jmorris@namei.org>
Impact: allow modules to add TRACE_EVENTS on load
This patch adds the final hooks to allow modules to use the TRACE_EVENT
macro. A notifier and a data structure are used to link the TRACE_EVENTs
defined in the module to connect them with the ftrace event tracing system.
It also adds the necessary automated clean ups to the trace events when a
module is removed.
Cc: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Several drivers use asynchronous work to do device discovery, and we
synchronize with them in the compiled-in case before we actually try to
mount root filesystems etc.
However, when compiled as modules, that synchronization is missing - the
module loading completes, but the driver hasn't actually finished
probing for devices, and that means that any user mode that expects to
use the devices after the 'insmod' is now potentially broken.
We already saw one case of a similar issue in the ACPI battery code,
where the kernel itself expected the module to be all done, and unmapped
the init memory - but the async device discovery was still running.
That got hacked around by just removing the "__init" (see commit
5d38258ec0 "ACPI battery: fix async boot
oops"), but the real fix is to just make the module loading wait for all
async work to be completed.
It will slow down module loading, but since common devices should be
built in anyway, and since the bug is really annoying and hard to handle
from user space (and caused several S3 resume regressions), the simple
fix to wait is the right one.
This fixes at least
http://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=13063
but probably a few other bugzilla entries too (12936, for example), and
is confirmed to fix Rafael's storage driver breakage after resume bug
report (no bugzilla entry).
We should also be able to now revert that ACPI battery fix.
Reported-and-tested-by: Rafael J. Wysocki <rjw@suse.com>
Tested-by: Heinz Diehl <htd@fancy-poultry.org>
Acked-by: Arjan van de Ven <arjan@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
This reverts commit 9cb610d8e3.
This was an impressively stupid patch. Firstly, we reset the SHF_ALLOC
flag lower down in the same function, so the patch was useless. Even
better, find_sec() ignores sections with SHF_ALLOC not set, so
it breaks CONFIG_MODVERSIONS=y with CONFIG_MODULE_FORCE_LOAD=n, which
refuses to load the module since it can't find the __versions section.
Signed-off-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
* 'tracing-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/linux-2.6-tip: (413 commits)
tracing, net: fix net tree and tracing tree merge interaction
tracing, powerpc: fix powerpc tree and tracing tree interaction
ring-buffer: do not remove reader page from list on ring buffer free
function-graph: allow unregistering twice
trace: make argument 'mem' of trace_seq_putmem() const
tracing: add missing 'extern' keywords to trace_output.h
tracing: provide trace_seq_reserve()
blktrace: print out BLK_TN_MESSAGE properly
blktrace: extract duplidate code
blktrace: fix memory leak when freeing struct blk_io_trace
blktrace: fix blk_probes_ref chaos
blktrace: make classic output more classic
blktrace: fix off-by-one bug
blktrace: fix the original blktrace
blktrace: fix a race when creating blk_tree_root in debugfs
blktrace: fix timestamp in binary output
tracing, Text Edit Lock: cleanup
tracing: filter fix for TRACE_EVENT_FORMAT events
ftrace: Using FTRACE_WARN_ON() to check "freed record" in ftrace_release()
x86: kretprobe-booster interrupt emulation code fix
...
Fix up trivial conflicts in
arch/parisc/include/asm/ftrace.h
include/linux/memory.h
kernel/extable.c
kernel/module.c
Implement a sysctl file that disables module-loading system-wide since
there is no longer a viable way to remove CAP_SYS_MODULE after the system
bounding capability set was removed in 2.6.25.
Value can only be set to "1", and is tested only if standard capability
checks allow CAP_SYS_MODULE. Given existing /dev/mem protections, this
should allow administrators a one-way method to block module loading
after initial boot-time module loading has finished.
Signed-off-by: Kees Cook <kees.cook@canonical.com>
Acked-by: Serge Hallyn <serue@us.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: James Morris <jmorris@namei.org>
Impact: minor cleanup.
I'm not going to neaten anyone else's code, but I'm happy to clean up
my own.
Signed-off-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
Kay Sievers <kay.sievers@vrfy.org> discovered that boot times are slowed
by about half a second because all the stop_machine_create() calls,
and he only probes about 40 modules (I have 125 loaded on this laptop).
We only do stop_machine_create() so we can unlink the module if
something goes wrong, but it's overkill (and buggy anyway: if
stop_machine_create() fails we still call stop_machine_destroy()).
Since we are only protecting against kallsyms (esp. oops) walking the
list, synchronize_sched() is sufficient (synchronize_rcu() is probably
sufficient, but we're not in a hurry).
Kay says of this patch:
... no module takes more than 40 millisecs to link now, most of
them are between 3 and 8 millisecs.
That looks very different to the numbers without this patch
and the otherwise same setup, where we get heavy noise in the
traces and many delays of up to 200 millisecs until linking,
most of them taking 30+ millisecs.
Tested-by: Kay Sievers <kay.sievers@vrfy.org>
Signed-off-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
With CONFIG_MODVERSIONS, we version 'struct module' using a dummy
export, but other things matter too:
1) 'struct modversion_info' determines the layout of the __versions section,
2) 'struct kernel_param' determines the layout of the __params section,
3) 'struct kernel_symbol' determines __ksymtab*.
4) 'struct marker' determines __markers.
5) 'struct tracepoint' determines __tracepoints.
So we rename 'struct_module' to 'module_layout' and include these in
the signature. Now it's general we can add others later on without
confusion.
Signed-off-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
Impact: reduce kernel memory usage
This patch just takes off the SHF_ALLOC flag on __versions so we don't
keep them around after module load.
This saves about 7% of module memory if CONFIG_MODVERSIONS=y.
Cc: Shawn Bohrer <shawn.bohrer@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
Impact: Message cleanup
Two of three callers of try_to_force_load() are not because of a
missing version, so change the messages:
Old:
<modname>: no version for "magic" found: kernel tainted.
New:
<modname>: bad vermagic: kernel tainted.
Old:
<modname>: no version for "nocrc" found: kernel tainted.
New:
<modname>: no versions for exported symbols: kernel tainted.
Old:
<modname>: no version for "<symname>" found: kernel tainted.
New:
<modname>: <symname>: kernel tainted.
Signed-off-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
Impact: Expose some module.c symbols
Ksplice uses several functions from module.c in order to resolve
symbols and implement dependency handling. Calling these functions
requires holding module_mutex, so it is exported.
(This is just the module part of a bigger add-exports patch from Tim).
Cc: Anders Kaseorg <andersk@mit.edu>
Cc: Jeff Arnold <jbarnold@mit.edu>
Signed-off-by: Tim Abbott <tabbott@mit.edu>
Signed-off-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
Impact: New API
kallsyms_lookup_name only returns the first match that it finds. Ksplice
needs information about all symbols with a given name in order to correctly
resolve local symbols.
kallsyms_on_each_symbol provides a generic mechanism for iterating over the
kallsyms table.
Cc: Jeff Arnold <jbarnold@mit.edu>
Cc: Tim Abbott <tabbott@mit.edu>
Signed-off-by: Anders Kaseorg <andersk@mit.edu>
Signed-off-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
Impact: Replace and remove risky (non-EXPORTed) API
module_text_address() returns a pointer to the module, which given locking
improvements in module.c, is useless except to test for NULL:
1) If the module can't go away, use __module_text_address.
2) Otherwise, just use is_module_text_address().
Cc: linux-mtd@lists.infradead.org
Signed-off-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
Impact: New API, cleanup
ksplice wants to know the bounds of a module, not just the module text.
It makes sense to have __module_address. We then implement
is_module_address and __module_text_address in terms of this (and
change is_module_text_address() to bool while we're at it).
Also, add proper kerneldoc for them all.
Cc: Anders Kaseorg <andersk@mit.edu>
Cc: Jeff Arnold <jbarnold@mit.edu>
Cc: Tim Abbott <tabbott@mit.edu>
Signed-off-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
Impact: Cleanup, internal API change
Ksplice needs access to the kernel_symbol structure in order to support
modifications to the exported symbol table.
Cc: Anders Kaseorg <andersk@mit.edu>
Cc: Jeff Arnold <jbarnold@mit.edu>
Signed-off-by: Tim Abbott <tabbott@mit.edu>
Signed-off-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au> (bugfix and style)
Impact: cleanup
Label 'free_init' is only used when defined(CONFIG_MODULE_UNLOAD) &&
defined(CONFIG_SMP), so move it inside to shut up gcc.
Signed-off-by: WANG Cong <xiyou.wangcong@gmail.com>
Cc: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
Signed-off-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
Impact: fix crash on reading from /sys/module/.../ieee80211_default_rc_algo
The module_param type "charp" simply sets a char * pointer in the
module to the parameter in the commandline string: this is why we keep
the (mangled) module command line around. But when set via sysfs (as
about 11 charp parameters can be) this memory is freed on the way
out of the write(). Future reads hit random mem.
So we kstrdup instead: we have to check we're not in early commandline
parsing, and we have to note when we've used it so we can reliably
kfree the parameter when it's next overwritten, and also on module
unload.
(Thanks to Randy Dunlap for CONFIG_SYSFS=n fixes)
Reported-by: Sitsofe Wheeler <sitsofe@yahoo.com>
Diagnosed-by: Frederic Weisbecker <fweisbec@gmail.com>
Tested-by: Frederic Weisbecker <fweisbec@gmail.com>
Tested-by: Christof Schmitt <christof.schmitt@de.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
This patch combines Greg Bank's dprintk() work with the existing dynamic
printk patchset, we are now calling it 'dynamic debug'.
The new feature of this patchset is a richer /debugfs control file interface,
(an example output from my system is at the bottom), which allows fined grained
control over the the debug output. The output can be controlled by function,
file, module, format string, and line number.
for example, enabled all debug messages in module 'nf_conntrack':
echo -n 'module nf_conntrack +p' > /mnt/debugfs/dynamic_debug/control
to disable them:
echo -n 'module nf_conntrack -p' > /mnt/debugfs/dynamic_debug/control
A further explanation can be found in the documentation patch.
Signed-off-by: Greg Banks <gnb@sgi.com>
Signed-off-by: Jason Baron <jbaron@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>
Impact: fix ref-after-free crash on failed module load
Fix refptr bug: Change refptr allocation and release order not to access a module
data structure pointed by 'mod' after freeing mod->module_core.
This bug will cause kernel panic(e.g. failed to find undefined symbols).
This bug was reported on systemtap bugzilla.
http://sources.redhat.com/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=9927
Signed-off-by: Masami Hiramatsu <mhiramat@redhat.com>
Cc: Eric Dumazet <dada1@cosmosbay.com>
Signed-off-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
Impact: add reserved allocation functionality and use it for module
percpu variables
This patch implements reserved allocation from the first chunk. When
setting up the first chunk, arch can ask to set aside certain number
of bytes right after the core static area which is available only
through a separate reserved allocator. This will be used primarily
for module static percpu variables on architectures with limited
relocation range to ensure that the module perpcu symbols are inside
the relocatable range.
If reserved area is requested, the first chunk becomes reserved and
isn't available for regular allocation. If the first chunk also
includes piggy-back dynamic allocation area, a separate chunk mapping
the same region is created to serve dynamic allocation. The first one
is called static first chunk and the second dynamic first chunk.
Although they share the page map, their different area map
initializations guarantee they serve disjoint areas according to their
purposes.
If arch doesn't setup reserved area, reserved allocation is handled
like any other allocation.
Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Impact: new scalable dynamic percpu allocator which allows dynamic
percpu areas to be accessed the same way as static ones
Implement scalable dynamic percpu allocator which can be used for both
static and dynamic percpu areas. This will allow static and dynamic
areas to share faster direct access methods. This feature is optional
and enabled only when CONFIG_HAVE_DYNAMIC_PER_CPU_AREA is defined by
arch. Please read comment on top of mm/percpu.c for details.
Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
When the function graph tracer picks a return address, it ensures this address
is really a kernel text one by calling __kernel_text_address()
Actually this path has never been taken.Its role was more likely to debug the tracer
on the beginning of its development but this function is wasteful since it is called
for every traced function.
The fault check is already sufficient.
Signed-off-by: Frederic Weisbecker <fweisbec@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Current refcounting for modules (done if CONFIG_MODULE_UNLOAD=y) is
using a lot of memory.
Each 'struct module' contains an [NR_CPUS] array of full cache lines.
This patch uses existing infrastructure (percpu_modalloc() &
percpu_modfree()) to allocate percpu space for the refcount storage.
Instead of wasting NR_CPUS*128 bytes (on i386), we now use
nr_cpu_ids*sizeof(local_t) bytes.
On a typical distro, where NR_CPUS=8, shiping 2000 modules, we reduce
size of module files by about 2 Mbytes. (1Kb per module)
Instead of having all refcounters in the same memory node - with TLB misses
because of vmalloc() - this new implementation permits to have better
NUMA properties, since each CPU will use storage on its preferred node,
thanks to percpu storage.
Signed-off-by: Eric Dumazet <dada1@cosmosbay.com>
Signed-off-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Right now, most of the kernel boot is strictly synchronous, such that
various hardware delays are done sequentially.
In order to make the kernel boot faster, this patch introduces
infrastructure to allow doing some of the initialization steps
asynchronously, which will hide significant portions of the hardware delays
in practice.
In order to not change device order and other similar observables, this
patch does NOT do full parallel initialization.
Rather, it operates more in the way an out of order CPU does; the work may
be done out of order and asynchronous, but the observable effects
(instruction retiring for the CPU) are still done in the original sequence.
Signed-off-by: Arjan van de Ven <arjan@linux.intel.com>
Add a module notifier call which notifies that the state of a module
changes from MODULE_STATE_COMING to MODULE_STATE_LIVE.
Signed-off-by: Masami Hiramatsu <mhiramat@redhat.com>
Cc: Ananth N Mavinakayanahalli <ananth@in.ibm.com>
Cc: Anil S Keshavamurthy <anil.s.keshavamurthy@intel.com>
Acked-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
This series of patches allows kprobes to probe module's __init and __exit
functions. This means, you can probe driver initialization and
terminating.
Currently, kprobes can't probe __init function because these functions are
freed after module initialization. And it also can't probe module __exit
functions because kprobe increments reference count of target module and
user can't unload it. this means __exit functions never be called unless
removing probes from the module.
To solve both cases, this series of patches introduces GONE flag and sets
it when the target code is freed(for this purpose, kprobes hooks
MODULE_STATE_* events). This also removes refcount incrementing for
allowing user to unload target module. Users can check which probes are
GONE by debugfs interface. For taking timing of freeing module's .init
text, these also include a patch which adds module's notifier of
MODULE_STATE_LIVE event.
This patch:
Add within_module_core() and within_module_init() for checking whether an
address is in the module .init.text section or .text section, and replace
within() local inline functions in kernel/module.c with them.
kprobes uses these functions to check where the kprobe is inserted.
Signed-off-by: Masami Hiramatsu <mhiramat@redhat.com>
Cc: Ananth N Mavinakayanahalli <ananth@in.ibm.com>
Cc: Anil S Keshavamurthy <anil.s.keshavamurthy@intel.com>
Acked-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
The module code relies on a non-failing stop_machine call. So we create
the kstop threads in advance and with that make sure the call won't fail.
Signed-off-by: Heiko Carstens <heiko.carstens@de.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
When creating the final layout of a kernel module in memory, allow the
module loader to reserve some additional memory in front of a given section.
This is currently only needed for the parisc port which needs to put the
stub entries there to fulfill the 17/22bit PCREL relocations with large
kernel modules like xfs.
Signed-off-by: Helge Deller <deller@gmx.de>
Signed-off-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au> (renamed fn)
Fix this warning:
kernel/module.c:824: warning: ‘print_unload_info’ defined but not used
print_unload_info() just was used when CONFIG_PROC_FS was defined.
This patch mark print_unload_info() inline to solve the problem.
Signed-off-by: Jianjun Kong <jianjun@zeuux.org>
Signed-off-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
CC: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
CC: Américo Wang <xiyou.wangcong@gmail.com>
When there are two symbols in a module with the same name, one of which is
exported, both will be marked as exported in /proc/kallsyms. There aren't
any instances of this in the current kernel, but it is easy to construct a
simple module with two compilation units that exhibits the problem.
$ objdump -j .text -t testmod.ko | grep foo
00000000 l F .text 00000032 foo
00000080 g F .text 00000001 foo
$ sudo insmod testmod.ko
$ grep "T foo" /proc/kallsyms
c28e8000 T foo [testmod]
c28e8080 T foo [testmod]
Fix this by comparing the symbol values once we've found the exported
symbol table entry matching the symbol name. Tested using Ksplice:
$ ksplice-create --patch=this_commit.patch --id=bar .
$ sudo ksplice-apply ksplice-bar.tar.gz
Done!
$ grep "T foo" /proc/kallsyms
c28e8080 T foo [testmod]
Signed-off-by: Tim Abbott <tabbott@mit.edu>
Cc: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
Impact: trace more functions
When the function graph tracer is configured, three more files are not
traced to prevent only four functions to be traced. And this impacts the
normal function tracer too.
arch/x86/kernel/process_64/32.c:
I had crashes when I let this file traced. After some debugging, I saw
that the "current" task point was changed inside__swtich_to(), ie:
"write_pda(pcurrent, next_p);" inside process_64.c Since the tracer store
the original return address of the function inside current, we had
crashes. Only __switch_to() has to be excluded from tracing.
kernel/module.c and kernel/extable.c:
Because of a function used internally by the function graph tracer:
__kernel_text_address()
To let the other functions inside these files to be traced, this patch
introduces the __notrace_funcgraph function prefix which is __notrace if
function graph tracer is configured and nothing if not.
Signed-off-by: Frederic Weisbecker <fweisbec@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Impact: cleanup
Use module notifiers for tracepoint updates rather than adding a hook in
module.c.
Signed-off-by: Mathieu Desnoyers <mathieu.desnoyers@polymtl.ca>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Impact: cleanup
Use module notifiers instead of adding a hook in module.c.
Signed-off-by: Mathieu Desnoyers <mathieu.desnoyers@polymtl.ca>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Impact: allow archs more flexibility on dynamic ftrace implementations
Dynamic ftrace has largly been developed on x86. Since x86 does not
have the same limitations as other architectures, the ftrace interaction
between the generic code and the architecture specific code was not
flexible enough to handle some of the issues that other architectures
have.
Most notably, module trampolines. Due to the limited branch distance
that archs make in calling kernel core code from modules, the module
load code must create a trampoline to jump to what will make the
larger jump into core kernel code.
The problem arises when this happens to a call to mcount. Ftrace checks
all code before modifying it and makes sure the current code is what
it expects. Right now, there is not enough information to handle modifying
module trampolines.
This patch changes the API between generic dynamic ftrace code and
the arch dependent code. There is now two functions for modifying code:
ftrace_make_nop(mod, rec, addr) - convert the code at rec->ip into
a nop, where the original text is calling addr. (mod is the
module struct if called by module init)
ftrace_make_caller(rec, addr) - convert the code rec->ip that should
be a nop into a caller to addr.
The record "rec" now has a new field called "arch" where the architecture
can add any special attributes to each call site record.
Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt <srostedt@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Remove stop_machine during module load v2
module loading currently does a stop_machine on each module load to insert
the module into the global module lists. Especially on larger systems this
can be quite expensive.
It does that to handle concurrent lock lessmodule list readers
like kallsyms.
I don't think stop_machine() is actually needed to insert something
into a list though. There are no concurrent writers because the
module mutex is taken. And the RCU list functions know how to insert
a node into a list with the right memory ordering so that concurrent
readers don't go off into the wood.
So remove the stop_machine for the module list insert and just
do a list_add_rcu() instead.
Module removal will still do a stop_machine of course, it needs
that for other reasons.
v2: Revised readers based on Paul's comments. All readers that only
rely on disabled preemption need to be changed to list_for_each_rcu().
Done that. The others are ok because they have the modules mutex.
Also added a possible missing preempt disable for print_modules().
[cc Paul McKenney for review. It's not RCU, but quite similar.]
Acked-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
Linus' recent catch of stack overflow in load_module lead me to look
at the code. A couple of helpers to get a section address and get
objects from a section can help clean things up a little.
(And in case you're wondering, the stack size also dropped from 328 to
284 bytes).
Signed-off-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
* git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/gregkh/driver-core-2.6: (46 commits)
UIO: Fix mapping of logical and virtual memory
UIO: add automata sercos3 pci card support
UIO: Change driver name of uio_pdrv
UIO: Add alignment warnings for uio-mem
Driver core: add bus_sort_breadthfirst() function
NET: convert the phy_device file to use bus_find_device_by_name
kobject: Cleanup kobject_rename and !CONFIG_SYSFS
kobject: Fix kobject_rename and !CONFIG_SYSFS
sysfs: Make dir and name args to sysfs_notify() const
platform: add new device registration helper
sysfs: use ilookup5() instead of ilookup5_nowait()
PNP: create device attributes via default device attributes
Driver core: make bus_find_device_by_name() more robust
usb: turn dev_warn+WARN_ON combos into dev_WARN
debug: use dev_WARN() rather than WARN_ON() in device_pm_add()
debug: Introduce a dev_WARN() function
sysfs: fix deadlock
device model: Do a quickcheck for driver binding before doing an expensive check
Driver core: Fix cleanup in device_create_vargs().
Driver core: Clarify device cleanup.
...
It's somewhat unlikely that it happens, but right now a race window
between interrupts or machine checks or oopses could corrupt the tainted
bitmap because it is modified in a non atomic fashion.
Convert the taint variable to an unsigned long and use only atomic bit
operations on it.
Unfortunately this means the intvec sysctl functions cannot be used on it
anymore.
It turned out the taint sysctl handler could actually be simplified a bit
(since it only increases capabilities) so this patch actually removes
code.
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: remove unneeded include]
Signed-off-by: Andi Kleen <ak@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Base infrastructure to enable per-module debug messages.
I've introduced CONFIG_DYNAMIC_PRINTK_DEBUG, which when enabled centralizes
control of debugging statements on a per-module basis in one /proc file,
currently, <debugfs>/dynamic_printk/modules. When, CONFIG_DYNAMIC_PRINTK_DEBUG,
is not set, debugging statements can still be enabled as before, often by
defining 'DEBUG' for the proper compilation unit. Thus, this patch set has no
affect when CONFIG_DYNAMIC_PRINTK_DEBUG is not set.
The infrastructure currently ties into all pr_debug() and dev_dbg() calls. That
is, if CONFIG_DYNAMIC_PRINTK_DEBUG is set, all pr_debug() and dev_dbg() calls
can be dynamically enabled/disabled on a per-module basis.
Future plans include extending this functionality to subsystems, that define
their own debug levels and flags.
Usage:
Dynamic debugging is controlled by the debugfs file,
<debugfs>/dynamic_printk/modules. This file contains a list of the modules that
can be enabled. The format of the file is as follows:
<module_name> <enabled=0/1>
.
.
.
<module_name> : Name of the module in which the debug call resides
<enabled=0/1> : whether the messages are enabled or not
For example:
snd_hda_intel enabled=0
fixup enabled=1
driver enabled=0
Enable a module:
$echo "set enabled=1 <module_name>" > dynamic_printk/modules
Disable a module:
$echo "set enabled=0 <module_name>" > dynamic_printk/modules
Enable all modules:
$echo "set enabled=1 all" > dynamic_printk/modules
Disable all modules:
$echo "set enabled=0 all" > dynamic_printk/modules
Finally, passing "dynamic_printk" at the command line enables
debugging for all modules. This mode can be turned off via the above
disable command.
[gkh: minor cleanups and tweaks to make the build work quietly]
Signed-off-by: Jason Baron <jbaron@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>
When a mcount pointer is recorded into a table, it is used to add or
remove calls to mcount (replacing them with nops). If the code is removed
via removing a module, the pointers still exist. At modifying the code
a check is always made to make sure the code being replaced is the code
expected. In-other-words, the code being replaced is compared to what
it is expected to be before being replaced.
There is a very small chance that the code being replaced just happens
to look like code that calls mcount (very small since the call to mcount
is relative). To remove this chance, this patch adds ftrace_release to
allow module unloading to remove the pointers to mcount within the module.
Another change for init calls is made to not trace calls marked with
__init. The tracing can not be started until after init is done anyway.
Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt <srostedt@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
This patch enables the loading of the __mcount_section of modules and
changing all the callers of mcount into nops.
The modification is done before the init_module function is called, so
again, we do not need to use kstop_machine to make these changes.
Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt <srostedt@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Implementation of kernel tracepoints. Inspired from the Linux Kernel
Markers. Allows complete typing verification by declaring both tracing
statement inline functions and probe registration/unregistration static
inline functions within the same macro "DEFINE_TRACE". No format string
is required. See the tracepoint Documentation and Samples patches for
usage examples.
Taken from the documentation patch :
"A tracepoint placed in code provides a hook to call a function (probe)
that you can provide at runtime. A tracepoint can be "on" (a probe is
connected to it) or "off" (no probe is attached). When a tracepoint is
"off" it has no effect, except for adding a tiny time penalty (checking
a condition for a branch) and space penalty (adding a few bytes for the
function call at the end of the instrumented function and adds a data
structure in a separate section). When a tracepoint is "on", the
function you provide is called each time the tracepoint is executed, in
the execution context of the caller. When the function provided ends its
execution, it returns to the caller (continuing from the tracepoint
site).
You can put tracepoints at important locations in the code. They are
lightweight hooks that can pass an arbitrary number of parameters, which
prototypes are described in a tracepoint declaration placed in a header
file."
Addition and removal of tracepoints is synchronized by RCU using the
scheduler (and preempt_disable) as guarantees to find a quiescent state
(this is really RCU "classic"). The update side uses rcu_barrier_sched()
with call_rcu_sched() and the read/execute side uses
"preempt_disable()/preempt_enable()".
We make sure the previous array containing probes, which has been
scheduled for deletion by the rcu callback, is indeed freed before we
proceed to the next update. It therefore limits the rate of modification
of a single tracepoint to one update per RCU period. The objective here
is to permit fast batch add/removal of probes on _different_
tracepoints.
Changelog :
- Use #name ":" #proto as string to identify the tracepoint in the
tracepoint table. This will make sure not type mismatch happens due to
connexion of a probe with the wrong type to a tracepoint declared with
the same name in a different header.
- Add tracepoint_entry_free_old.
- Change __TO_TRACE to get rid of the 'i' iterator.
Masami Hiramatsu <mhiramat@redhat.com> :
Tested on x86-64.
Performance impact of a tracepoint : same as markers, except that it
adds about 70 bytes of instructions in an unlikely branch of each
instrumented function (the for loop, the stack setup and the function
call). It currently adds a memory read, a test and a conditional branch
at the instrumentation site (in the hot path). Immediate values will
eventually change this into a load immediate, test and branch, which
removes the memory read which will make the i-cache impact smaller
(changing the memory read for a load immediate removes 3-4 bytes per
site on x86_32 (depending on mov prefixes), or 7-8 bytes on x86_64, it
also saves the d-cache hit).
About the performance impact of tracepoints (which is comparable to
markers), even without immediate values optimizations, tests done by
Hideo Aoki on ia64 show no regression. His test case was using hackbench
on a kernel where scheduler instrumentation (about 5 events in code
scheduler code) was added.
Quoting Hideo Aoki about Markers :
I evaluated overhead of kernel marker using linux-2.6-sched-fixes git
tree, which includes several markers for LTTng, using an ia64 server.
While the immediate trace mark feature isn't implemented on ia64, there
is no major performance regression. So, I think that we don't have any
issues to propose merging marker point patches into Linus's tree from
the viewpoint of performance impact.
I prepared two kernels to evaluate. The first one was compiled without
CONFIG_MARKERS. The second one was enabled CONFIG_MARKERS.
I downloaded the original hackbench from the following URL:
http://devresources.linux-foundation.org/craiger/hackbench/src/hackbench.c
I ran hackbench 5 times in each condition and calculated the average and
difference between the kernels.
The parameter of hackbench: every 50 from 50 to 800
The number of CPUs of the server: 2, 4, and 8
Below is the results. As you can see, major performance regression
wasn't found in any case. Even if number of processes increases,
differences between marker-enabled kernel and marker- disabled kernel
doesn't increase. Moreover, if number of CPUs increases, the differences
doesn't increase either.
Curiously, marker-enabled kernel is better than marker-disabled kernel
in more than half cases, although I guess it comes from the difference
of memory access pattern.
* 2 CPUs
Number of | without | with | diff | diff |
processes | Marker [Sec] | Marker [Sec] | [Sec] | [%] |
--------------------------------------------------------------
50 | 4.811 | 4.872 | +0.061 | +1.27 |
100 | 9.854 | 10.309 | +0.454 | +4.61 |
150 | 15.602 | 15.040 | -0.562 | -3.6 |
200 | 20.489 | 20.380 | -0.109 | -0.53 |
250 | 25.798 | 25.652 | -0.146 | -0.56 |
300 | 31.260 | 30.797 | -0.463 | -1.48 |
350 | 36.121 | 35.770 | -0.351 | -0.97 |
400 | 42.288 | 42.102 | -0.186 | -0.44 |
450 | 47.778 | 47.253 | -0.526 | -1.1 |
500 | 51.953 | 52.278 | +0.325 | +0.63 |
550 | 58.401 | 57.700 | -0.701 | -1.2 |
600 | 63.334 | 63.222 | -0.112 | -0.18 |
650 | 68.816 | 68.511 | -0.306 | -0.44 |
700 | 74.667 | 74.088 | -0.579 | -0.78 |
750 | 78.612 | 79.582 | +0.970 | +1.23 |
800 | 85.431 | 85.263 | -0.168 | -0.2 |
--------------------------------------------------------------
* 4 CPUs
Number of | without | with | diff | diff |
processes | Marker [Sec] | Marker [Sec] | [Sec] | [%] |
--------------------------------------------------------------
50 | 2.586 | 2.584 | -0.003 | -0.1 |
100 | 5.254 | 5.283 | +0.030 | +0.56 |
150 | 8.012 | 8.074 | +0.061 | +0.76 |
200 | 11.172 | 11.000 | -0.172 | -1.54 |
250 | 13.917 | 14.036 | +0.119 | +0.86 |
300 | 16.905 | 16.543 | -0.362 | -2.14 |
350 | 19.901 | 20.036 | +0.135 | +0.68 |
400 | 22.908 | 23.094 | +0.186 | +0.81 |
450 | 26.273 | 26.101 | -0.172 | -0.66 |
500 | 29.554 | 29.092 | -0.461 | -1.56 |
550 | 32.377 | 32.274 | -0.103 | -0.32 |
600 | 35.855 | 35.322 | -0.533 | -1.49 |
650 | 39.192 | 38.388 | -0.804 | -2.05 |
700 | 41.744 | 41.719 | -0.025 | -0.06 |
750 | 45.016 | 44.496 | -0.520 | -1.16 |
800 | 48.212 | 47.603 | -0.609 | -1.26 |
--------------------------------------------------------------
* 8 CPUs
Number of | without | with | diff | diff |
processes | Marker [Sec] | Marker [Sec] | [Sec] | [%] |
--------------------------------------------------------------
50 | 2.094 | 2.072 | -0.022 | -1.07 |
100 | 4.162 | 4.273 | +0.111 | +2.66 |
150 | 6.485 | 6.540 | +0.055 | +0.84 |
200 | 8.556 | 8.478 | -0.078 | -0.91 |
250 | 10.458 | 10.258 | -0.200 | -1.91 |
300 | 12.425 | 12.750 | +0.325 | +2.62 |
350 | 14.807 | 14.839 | +0.032 | +0.22 |
400 | 16.801 | 16.959 | +0.158 | +0.94 |
450 | 19.478 | 19.009 | -0.470 | -2.41 |
500 | 21.296 | 21.504 | +0.208 | +0.98 |
550 | 23.842 | 23.979 | +0.137 | +0.57 |
600 | 26.309 | 26.111 | -0.198 | -0.75 |
650 | 28.705 | 28.446 | -0.259 | -0.9 |
700 | 31.233 | 31.394 | +0.161 | +0.52 |
750 | 34.064 | 33.720 | -0.344 | -1.01 |
800 | 36.320 | 36.114 | -0.206 | -0.57 |
--------------------------------------------------------------
Signed-off-by: Mathieu Desnoyers <mathieu.desnoyers@polymtl.ca>
Acked-by: Masami Hiramatsu <mhiramat@redhat.com>
Acked-by: 'Peter Zijlstra' <peterz@infradead.org>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
We need to add a flag for all code that is in the drivers/staging/
directory to prevent all other kernel developers from worrying about
issues here, and to notify users that the drivers might not be as good
as they are normally used to.
Based on code from Andreas Gruenbacher and Jeff Mahoney to provide a
TAINT flag for the support level of a kernel module in the Novell
enterprise kernel release.
This is the kernel portion of this feature, the ability for the flag to
be set needs to be done in the build process and will happen in a
follow-up patch.
Cc: Andreas Gruenbacher <agruen@suse.de>
Cc: Jeff Mahoney <jeffm@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>
'load_module()' is a complex function that contains all the ELF section
logic, and inlining it is utterly insane. But gcc will do it, simply
because there is only one call-site. As a result, all the stack space
that is allocated for all the work to load the module will still be
active when we actually call the module init sequence, and the deep call
chain makes stack overflows happen.
And stack overflows are really hard to debug, because they not only
corrupt random pages below the stack, but also corrupt the thread_info
structure that is allocated under the stack.
In this case, Alan Brunelle reported some crazy oopses at bootup, after
loading the processor module that ends up doing complex ACPI stuff and
has quite a deep callchain. This should fix it, and is the sane thing
to do regardless.
Cc: Alan D. Brunelle <Alan.Brunelle@hp.com>
Cc: Arjan van de Ven <arjan@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
The kernel has this really nice facility where if you put "initcall_debug"
on the kernel commandline, it'll print which function it's going to
execute just before calling an initcall, and then after the call completes
it will
1) print if it had an error code
2) checks for a few simple bugs (like leaving irqs off)
and
3) print how long the init call took in milliseconds.
While trying to optimize the boot speed of my laptop, I have been loving
number 3 to figure out what to optimize... ... and then I wished that
the same thing was done for module loading.
This patch makes the module loader use this exact same functionality; it's
a logical extension in my view (since modules are just sort of late
binding initcalls anyway) and so far I've found it quite useful in finding
where things are too slow in my boot.
Signed-off-by: Arjan van de Ven <arjan@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
This patch fixed the warning:
CC kernel/module.o
/home/wangcong/Projects/linux-2.6/kernel/module.c:332: warning:
‘lookup_symbol’ defined but not used
Signed-off-by: WANG Cong <wangcong@zeuux.org>
Signed-off-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
This patch keeps track of the boundaries of module allocation, in
order to speed up module_text_address().
Inspired by Arjan's version, which required arch-specific defines:
Various pieces of the kernel (lockdep, latencytop, etc) tend
to store backtraces, sometimes at a relatively high
frequency. In itself this isn't a big performance deal (after
all you're using diagnostics features), but there have been
some complaints from people who have over 100 modules loaded
that this is a tad too slow.
This is due to the new backtracer code which looks at every
slot on the stack to see if it's a kernel/module text address,
so that's 1024 slots. 1024 times 100 modules... that's a lot
of list walking.
Signed-off-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
This shrinks module.o and each *.ko file.
And finally, structure members which hold length of module
code (four such members there) and count of symbols
are converted from longs to ints.
We cannot possibly have a module where 32 bits won't
be enough to hold such counts.
For one, module loading checks module size for sanity
before loading, so such insanely big module will fail
that test first.
Signed-off-by: Denys Vlasenko <vda.linux@googlemail.com>
Signed-off-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
module.c and module.h conatains code for finding
exported symbols which are declared with EXPORT_UNUSED_SYMBOL,
and this code is compiled in even if CONFIG_UNUSED_SYMBOLS is not set
and thus there can be no EXPORT_UNUSED_SYMBOLs in modules anyway
(because EXPORT_UNUSED_SYMBOL(x) are compiled out to nothing then).
This patch adds required #ifdefs.
Signed-off-by: Denys Vlasenko <vda.linux@googlemail.com>
Signed-off-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
Introduce an each_symbol() iterator to avoid duplicating the knowledge
about the 5 different sections containing symbols. Currently only
used by find_symbol(), but will be used by symbol_put_addr() too.
(Includes NULL ptr deref fix by Jiri Kosina <jkosina@suse.cz>)
Signed-off-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
Cc: Jiri Kosina <jkosina@suse.cz>
rmmod has a little-used "-w" option, meaning that instead of failing if the
module is in use, it should block until the module becomes unused.
In this case, we don't need to use stop_machine: Max Krasnyansky
indicated that would be useful for SystemTap which loads/unloads new
modules frequently.
Cc: Max Krasnyansky <maxk@qualcomm.com>
Signed-off-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
Linus found a logic bug: we ignore the version number in a module's
vermagic string if we have CONFIG_MODVERSIONS set, but modversions
also lets through a module with no __versions section for modprobe
--force (with tainting, but still).
We should only ignore the start of the vermagic string if the module
actually *has* crcs to check. Rather than (say) having an
entertaining hissy fit and creating a config option to work around the
buggy code.
Signed-off-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
We allow missing __versions sections, because modprobe --force strips
it. It makes less sense to allow sections where there's no version
for a specific symbol the module uses, so disallow that.
Signed-off-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
The kernel module loader used to be much too happy to allow loading of
modules for the wrong kernel version by default. For example, if you
had MODVERSIONS enabled, but tried to load a module with no version
info, it would happily load it and taint the kernel - whether it was
likely to actually work or not!
Generally, such forced module loading should be considered a really
really bad idea, so make it conditional on a new config option
(MODULE_FORCE_LOAD), and make it default to off.
If somebody really wants to force module loads, that's their problem,
but we should not encourage it. Especially as it happened to me by
mistake (ie regular unversioned Fedora modules getting loaded) causing
lots of strange behavior.
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Provide module unload callback. Required by the gcov profiling
infrastructure to keep track of profiling data structures.
Signed-off-by: Peter Oberparleiter <peter.oberparleiter@de.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
Make verify_export_symbols check the modules unused, unused_gpl and
gpl_future syms.
Inspired by Jan Beulich's fix, but table-driven.
Signed-off-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
Obvious typo, but I don't know of any modules with unused GPL exports,
and then it would take someone noticing that the version shouldn't
have matched in a dependent module.
Signed-off-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
__find_symbol() has grown over time: there are now 5 different arrays
of symbols it traverses. It also shouldn't print out a warning on
some calls (ie. verify_symbol which simply checks for name clashes,
and __symbol_put which checks for bugs).
1) Rename to find_symbol: no need for underscores.
2) Use bool and add "warn" parameter to suppress warnings.
3) Make table-driven rather than open coded.
Signed-off-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
Return value convention of module's init functions is 0/-E. Sometimes,
e.g. during forward-porting mistakes happen and buggy module created,
where result of comparison "workqueue != NULL" is propagated all the way up
to sys_init_module. What happens is that some other module created
workqueue in question, our module created it again and module was
successfully loaded.
Or it could be some other bug.
Let's make such mistakes much more visible. In retrospective, such
messages would noticeably shorten some of my head-scratching sessions.
Note, that dump_stack() is just a way to get attention from user. Sample
message:
sys_init_module: 'foo'->init suspiciously returned 1, it should follow 0/-E convention
sys_init_module: loading module anyway...
Pid: 4223, comm: modprobe Not tainted 2.6.24-25f666300625d894ebe04bac2b4b3aadb907c861 #5
Call Trace:
[<ffffffff80254b05>] sys_init_module+0xe5/0x1d0
[<ffffffff8020b39b>] system_call_after_swapgs+0x7b/0x80
Signed-off-by: Alexey Dobriyan <adobriyan@gmail.com>
Cc: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Commit c9a3ba55 (module: wait for dependent modules doing init.) didn't quite
work because the waiter holds the module lock, meaning that the state of the
module it's waiting for cannot change.
Fortunately, it's fairly simple to update the state outside the lock and do
the wakeup.
Thanks to Jan Glauber for tracking this down and testing (qdio and qeth).
Signed-off-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
Cc: Jan Glauber <jang@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
A change after 2.6.24 broke ndiswrapper by accidentally removing its
access to GPL-only symbols. Revert that change and add comments about
the reasons why ndiswrapper and driverloader are treated in a special
way.
Signed-off-by: Pavel Roskin <proski@gnu.org>
Acked-by: Greg KH <gregkh@suse.de>
Acked-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Cc: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
Cc: Jon Masters <jonathan@jonmasters.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Thanks to Alexey for the testing and the fix of the fix.
Cc: Alexey Dobriyan <adobriyan@sw.ru>
Signed-off-by: Kay Sievers <kay.sievers@vrfy.org>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>
RCU style multiple probes support for the Linux Kernel Markers. Common case
(one probe) is still fast and does not require dynamic allocation or a
supplementary pointer dereference on the fast path.
- Move preempt disable from the marker site to the callback.
Since we now have an internal callback, move the preempt disable/enable to the
callback instead of the marker site.
Since the callback change is done asynchronously (passing from a handler that
supports arguments to a handler that does not setup the arguments is no
arguments are passed), we can safely update it even if it is outside the
preempt disable section.
- Move probe arm to probe connection. Now, a connected probe is automatically
armed.
Remove MARK_MAX_FORMAT_LEN, unused.
This patch modifies the Linux Kernel Markers API : it removes the probe
"arm/disarm" and changes the probe function prototype : it now expects a
va_list * instead of a "...".
If we want to have more than one probe connected to a marker at a given
time (LTTng, or blktrace, ssytemtap) then we need this patch. Without it,
connecting a second probe handler to a marker will fail.
It allow us, for instance, to do interesting combinations :
Do standard tracing with LTTng and, eventually, to compute statistics
with SystemTAP, or to have a special trigger on an event that would call
a systemtap script which would stop flight recorder tracing.
Signed-off-by: Mathieu Desnoyers <mathieu.desnoyers@polymtl.ca>
Cc: Christoph Hellwig <hch@infradead.org>
Cc: Mike Mason <mmlnx@us.ibm.com>
Cc: Dipankar Sarma <dipankar@in.ibm.com>
Cc: David Smith <dsmith@redhat.com>
Cc: "Paul E. McKenney" <paulmck@us.ibm.com>
Cc: "Frank Ch. Eigler" <fche@redhat.com>
Cc: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
module.c should not define linker variables on its own. We have an include
file for that.
Signed-off-by: Christoph Lameter <clameter@sgi.com>
Cc: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
The module subsystem cannot handle symbols that are zero. If symbols are
present that have a zero value then the module resolver prints out a
message that these symbols are unresolved.
[akinobu.mita@gmail.com: fix __find_symbl() error checks]
Cc: Mathieu Desnoyers <mathieu.desnoyers@polymtl.ca>
Cc: Kay Sievers <kay.sievers@vrfy.org
Signed-off-by: Christoph Lameter <clameter@sgi.com>
Cc: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
Cc: Andi Kleen <ak@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: Akinobu Mita <akinobu.mita@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
When trying to load a module with the same name as a built-in one, a
scary kobject backtrace comes up. Prevent that from checking for this
condition and warning the user as to what exactly is going on.
Cc: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
The struct module taints member is supposed to store per-module taint
data. The kernel knows about certain specific external modules that will
taint the kernel, such as ndiswrapper. Use of ndiswrapper possibly
should set the per-module taint in addition to the global kernel
taint flag, unless we're arguing not because wrapper module itself
is not what actually causes the kernel to be tainted as such?
Signed-off-by: Jon Masters <jcm@jonmasters.org>
Signed-off-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
module_address_lookup releases preemption then returns a pointer into
the module space. The only user (kallsyms) copies the result, so just
do that under the preempt disable.
Signed-off-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
If we put the module in the linked list *before* calling into to, we
get the module name and functions in the OOPS (is_module_address can
find the module). It also helps lockdep in a similar way.
Acked-and-tested-by: Joern Engel <joern@lazybastard.org>
Tested-by: Erez Zadok <ezk@cs.sunysb.edu>
Signed-off-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
There have been reports of modules failing to load because the modules
they depend on are still loading. This changes the modules to wait
for a reasonable length of time in that case. We time out eventually,
because there can be module loops or broken modules.
Signed-off-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
Based on a suggestion from Andi:
In various cases, the unload of a module may leave some bad state around
that causes a kernel crash AFTER a module is unloaded; and it's then hard
to find which module caused that.
This patch tracks the last unloaded module, and prints this as part of the
module list in the oops trace.
Right now, only the last 1 module is tracked; I expect that this is enough
for the vast majority of cases where this information matters; if it turns
out that tracking more is important, we can always extend it to that.
[ mingo@elte.hu: build fix ]
Signed-off-by: Arjan van de Ven <arjan@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
It's rather common that an oops/WARN_ON/BUG happens during the load or
unload of a module. Unfortunatly, it's not always easy to see directly
which module is being loaded/unloaded from the oops itself. Worse,
it's not even always possible to ask the bug reporter, since there
are so many components (udev etc) that auto-load modules that there's
a good chance that even the reporter doesn't know which module this is.
This patch extends the existing "show if it's tainting" print code,
which is used as part of printing the modules in the oops/BUG/WARN_ON
to include a "+" for "being loaded" and a "-" for "being unloaded".
As a result this extension, the "taint_flags()" function gets renamed to
"module_flags()" (and takes a module struct as argument, not a taint
flags int).
Signed-off-by: Arjan van de Ven <arjan@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
There is no need for kobject_unregister() anymore, thanks to Kay's
kobject cleanup changes, so replace all instances of it with
kobject_put().
Cc: Kay Sievers <kay.sievers@vrfy.org>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>
This converts the code to use the new kobject functions, cleaning up the
logic in doing so.
Cc: Kay Sievers <kay.sievers@vrfy.org>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>
Sysfs symlinks now require fully registered kobjects as a target,
otherwise the call to create a symlink will fail. Here we register
the kobject before we request the symlink in the holders directory.
Signed-off-by: Kay Sievers <kay.sievers@vrfy.org>
Cc: Tejun Heo <teheo@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>
The module driver specific code should belong in the driver core, not in
the kernel/ directory. So move this code. This is done in preparation
for some struct device_driver rework that should be confined to the
driver core code only.
This also lets us keep from exporting these functions, as no external
code should ever be calling it.
Thanks to Andrew Morton for the !CONFIG_MODULES fix.
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>
Jan Glauber