As it is authsize is an algorithm paramter which cannot be changed at
run-time. This is inconvenient because hardware that implements such
algorithms would have to register each authsize that they support
separately.
Since authsize is a property common to all AEAD algorithms, we can add
a function setauthsize that sets it at run-time, just like setkey.
This patch does exactly that and also changes authenc so that authsize
is no longer a parameter of its template.
Signed-off-by: Herbert Xu <herbert@gondor.apana.org.au>
Handle waiting for new random within the drivers themselves, this allows to
use better suited timeouts for the individual rngs.
Signed-off-by: Patrick McHardy <kaber@trash.net>
Acked-by: Michael Buesch <mb@bu3sch.de>
Signed-off-by: Herbert Xu <herbert@gondor.apana.org.au>
Up until now we have ablkcipher algorithms have been identified as
type BLKCIPHER with the ASYNC bit set. This is suboptimal because
ablkcipher refers to two things. On the one hand it refers to the
top-level ablkcipher interface with requests. On the other hand it
refers to and algorithm type underneath.
As it is you cannot request a synchronous block cipher algorithm
with the ablkcipher interface on top. This is a problem because
we want to be able to eventually phase out the blkcipher top-level
interface.
This patch fixes this by making ABLKCIPHER its own type, just as
we have distinct types for HASH and DIGEST. The type it associated
with the algorithm implementation only.
Which top-level interface is used for synchronous block ciphers is
then determined by the mask that's used. If it's a specific mask
then the old blkcipher interface is given, otherwise we go with the
new ablkcipher interface.
Signed-off-by: Herbert Xu <herbert@gondor.apana.org.au>
ENOTSUPP is not a valid error code in the kernel (it is defined in some
NFS internal error codes and has been improperly used other places). In
the !CONFIG_SECURITY_SELINUX case though it is possible that we could
return this from selinux_audit_rule_init(). This patch just returns the
userspace valid EOPNOTSUPP.
Signed-off-by: Eric Paris <eparis@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: James Morris <jmorris@namei.org>
i2c_check_addr is only used inside i2c-core now, so we can make it
static and stop exporting it. Thanks to David Brownell for noticing.
Signed-off-by: Jean Delvare <khali@linux-fr.org>
With 64KB blocksize, a directory entry can have size 64KB which does not
fit into 16 bits we have for entry lenght. So we store 0xffff instead and
convert value when read from / written to disk. The patch also converts
some places to use ext3_next_entry() when we are changing them anyway.
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: coding-style cleanups]
Signed-off-by: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
Cc: <linux-ext4@vger.kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
This is my trivial patch to swat innumerable little bugs with a single
blow.
After some intensive review (my apologies for not having gotten to this
sooner) what we have looks like a good base to build on with the current
pid namespace code but it is not complete, and it is still much to simple
to find issues where the kernel does the wrong thing outside of the initial
pid namespace.
Until the dust settles and we are certain we have the ABI and the
implementation is as correct as humanly possible let's keep process ID
namespaces behind CONFIG_EXPERIMENTAL.
Allowing us the option of fixing any ABI or other bugs we find as long as
they are minor.
Allowing users of the kernel to avoid those bugs simply by ensuring their
kernel does not have support for multiple pid namespaces.
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: coding-style cleanups]
Signed-off-by: Eric W. Biederman <ebiederm@xmission.com>
Cc: Cedric Le Goater <clg@fr.ibm.com>
Cc: Adrian Bunk <bunk@kernel.org>
Cc: Jeremy Fitzhardinge <jeremy@goop.org>
Cc: Kir Kolyshkin <kir@swsoft.com>
Cc: Kirill Korotaev <dev@sw.ru>
Cc: Pavel Emelyanov <xemul@openvz.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Firmware like PNPBIOS or ACPI can report the address space consumed by the
RTC. The actual space consumed may be less than the size (RTC_IO_EXTENT)
assumed by the RTC driver.
The PNP core doesn't request resources yet, but I'd like to make it do so.
If/when it does, the RTC_IO_EXTENT request may fail, which prevents the RTC
driver from loading.
Since we only use the RTC index and data registers at RTC_PORT(0) and
RTC_PORT(1), we can fall back to requesting just enough space for those.
If the PNP core requests resources, this results in typical I/O port usage
like this:
0070-0073 : 00:06 <-- PNP device 00:06 responds to 70-73
0070-0071 : rtc <-- RTC driver uses only 70-71
instead of the current:
0070-0077 : rtc <-- RTC_IO_EXTENT == 8
Signed-off-by: Bjorn Helgaas <bjorn.helgaas@hp.com>
Cc: Alessandro Zummo <a.zummo@towertech.it>
Cc: David Brownell <david-b@pacbell.net>
Cc: Ralf Baechle <ralf@linux-mips.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Add support for version 2 of the ioatdma device. This device handles
the descriptor chain and DCA services slightly differently:
- Instead of moving the dma descriptors between a busy and an idle chain,
this new version uses a single circular chain so that we don't have
rewrite the next_descriptor pointers as we add new requests, and the
device doesn't need to re-read the last descriptor.
- The new device has the DCA tags defined internally instead of needing
them defined statically.
Signed-off-by: Shannon Nelson <shannon.nelson@intel.com>
Cc: "Williams, Dan J" <dan.j.williams@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Revert 62d0df6406.
This was originally intended as a simple initial example of how to create a
control groups subsystem; it wasn't intended for mainline, but I didn't make
this clear enough to Andrew.
The CFS cgroup subsystem now has better functionality for the per-cgroup usage
accounting (based directly on CFS stats) than the "usage" status file in this
patch, and the "load" status file is rather simplistic - although having a
per-cgroup load average report would be a useful feature, I don't believe this
patch actually provides it. If it gets into the final 2.6.24 we'd probably
have to support this interface for ever.
Cc: Paul Menage <menage@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
For administrative purpose, we want to query actual block usage for
hugetlbfs file via fstat. Currently, hugetlbfs always return 0. Fix that
up since kernel already has all the information to track it properly.
Signed-off-by: Ken Chen <kenchen@google.com>
Acked-by: Adam Litke <agl@us.ibm.com>
Cc: Badari Pulavarty <pbadari@us.ibm.com>
Cc: David Gibson <david@gibson.dropbear.id.au>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Add a second parameter 'delta' to hugetlb_get_quota and hugetlb_put_quota to
allow bulk updating of the sbinfo->free_blocks counter. This will be used by
the next patch in the series.
Signed-off-by: Adam Litke <agl@us.ibm.com>
Cc: Ken Chen <kenchen@google.com>
Cc: Andy Whitcroft <apw@shadowen.org>
Cc: Dave Hansen <haveblue@us.ibm.com>
Cc: David Gibson <hermes@gibson.dropbear.id.au>
Cc: William Lee Irwin III <wli@holomorphy.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
When calling get_user_pages(), a write flag is passed in by the caller to
indicate if write access is required on the faulted-in pages. Currently,
follow_hugetlb_page() ignores this flag and always faults pages for
read-only access. This can cause data corruption because a device driver
that calls get_user_pages() with write set will not expect COW faults to
occur on the returned pages.
This patch passes the write flag down to follow_hugetlb_page() and makes
sure hugetlb_fault() is called with the right write_access parameter.
[ezk@cs.sunysb.edu: build fix]
Signed-off-by: Adam Litke <agl@us.ibm.com>
Reviewed-by: Ken Chen <kenchen@google.com>
Cc: David Gibson <hermes@gibson.dropbear.id.au>
Cc: William Lee Irwin III <wli@holomorphy.com>
Cc: Badari Pulavarty <pbadari@us.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Erez Zadok <ezk@cs.sunysb.edu>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* 'release' of git://lm-sensors.org/kernel/mhoffman/hwmon-2.6:
hwmon: (i5k_amb) Convert macros to C functions
hwmon: (w83781d) Add missing curly braces
hwmon: (abituguru3) Identify ABit IP35 Pro as such
hwmon: (f75375s) pwmX_mode sysfs files writable for f75375 variant
hwmon: (f75375s) On n2100 systems, set fans to full speed on boot
hwmon: (f75375s) Allow setting up fans with platform_data
hwmon: (f75375s) Add new style bindings
hwmon: (lm70) Convert semaphore to mutex
hwmon: (applesmc) Add support for Mac Pro 2 x Quad-Core
hwmon: (abituguru3) Add support for 2 new motherboards
hwmon: (ibmpex) Change printk to dev_{info,err} macros
hwmon: (i5k_amb) New memory temperature sensor driver
hwmon: (f75375s) fix pwm mode setting
hwmon: (ibmpex.c) fix NULL dereference
hwmon: (sis5595) Split sis5595_attributes_opt
hwmon: (sis5595) Add individual alarm files
hwmon: (w83627hf) push nr+1 offset into *_REG_FAN macros and simplify
hwmon: (w83627hf) hoist nr-1 offset out of show-store-temp-X
hwmon: Add power meter spec to Documentation/hwmon/sysfs-interface
...and fix a couple of bugs in the NBD, CIFS and OCFS2 socket handlers.
Looking at the sock->op->shutdown() handlers, it looks as if all of them
take a SHUT_RD/SHUT_WR/SHUT_RDWR argument instead of the
RCV_SHUTDOWN/SEND_SHUTDOWN arguments.
Add a helper, and then define the SHUT_* enum to ensure that kernel users
of shutdown() don't get confused.
Signed-off-by: Trond Myklebust <Trond.Myklebust@netapp.com>
Acked-by: Mark Fasheh <mark.fasheh@oracle.com>
Acked-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Userland neighbor discovery options are typically heavily involved with
the interface on which thay are received: add a missing ifindex field to
the original struct. Thanks to Rmi Denis-Courmont.
Signed-off-by: Pierre Ynard <linkfanel@yahoo.fr>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
* 'for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/rusty/linux-2.6-virtio:
virtio: Force use of power-of-two for descriptor ring sizes
lguest: Fix lguest virtio-blk backend size computation
virtio: Fix used_idx wrap-around
virtio: more fallout from scatterlist changes.
virtio: fix vring_init for 64 bits
The virtio descriptor rings of size N-1 were nicely set up to be
aligned to an N-byte boundary. But as Anthony Liguori points out, the
free-running indices used by virtio require that the sizes be a power
of 2, otherwise we get problems on wrap (demonstrated with lguest).
So we replace the clever "2^n-1" scheme with a simple "align to page
boundary" scheme: this means that all virtio rings take at least two
pages, but it's safer than guessing cache alignment.
Signed-off-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
This patch fixes a typo in vring_init(). This happens to work today in lguest
because the sizeof(struct vring_desc) is 16 and struct vring contains 3
pointers and an unsigned int so on 32-bit
sizeof(struct vring_desc) == sizeof(struct vring). However, this is no longer
true on 64-bit where the bug is exposed.
Signed-off-by: Anthony Liguori <aliguori@us.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
The intent of the assertion in skb_truesize_check() is to check
for skb->truesize being decremented too much by other code,
resulting in a wraparound below zero.
The type of the right side of the comparison causes the compiler to
promote the left side to an unsigned type, despite the presence of an
explicit type cast. This defeats the check for negativity.
Ensure both sides of the comparison are a signed type to prevent the
implicit type conversion.
Signed-off-by: Chuck Lever <chuck.lever@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
This patch adds a proper prototype for migration_init() in
include/linux/sched.h
Since there's no point in always returning 0 to a caller that doesn't check
the return value it also changes the function to return void.
Signed-off-by: Adrian Bunk <bunk@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
SMP balancing is done with IRQs disabled and can iterate the full rq.
When rqs are large this can cause large irq-latencies. Limit the nr of
iterations on each run.
This fixes a scheduling latency regression reported by the -rt folks.
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Acked-by: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Tested-by: Gregory Haskins <ghaskins@novell.com>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
remove PREEMPT_RESTRICT. (this is a separate commit so that any
regression related to the removal itself is bisectable)
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
fix a !SMP build error:
drivers/kvm/kvm_main.c: In function 'kvm_flush_remote_tlbs':
drivers/kvm/kvm_main.c:220: error: implicit declaration of function 'smp_call_function_mask'
(and also avoid unused function warning related to up_smp_call_function()
not making use of the 'func' parameter.)
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Since powerpc started using CONFIG_GENERIC_CLOCKEVENTS, the
deterministic CPU accounting (CONFIG_VIRT_CPU_ACCOUNTING) has been
broken on powerpc, because we end up counting user time twice: once in
timer_interrupt() and once in update_process_times().
This fixes the problem by pulling the code in update_process_times
that updates utime and stime into a separate function called
account_process_tick. If CONFIG_VIRT_CPU_ACCOUNTING is not defined,
there is a version of account_process_tick in kernel/timer.c that
simply accounts a whole tick to either utime or stime as before. If
CONFIG_VIRT_CPU_ACCOUNTING is defined, then arch code gets to
implement account_process_tick.
This also lets us simplify the s390 code a bit; it means that the s390
timer interrupt can now call update_process_times even when
CONFIG_VIRT_CPU_ACCOUNTING is turned on, and can just implement a
suitable account_process_tick().
account_process_tick() now takes the task_struct * as an argument.
Tested both with and without CONFIG_VIRT_CPU_ACCOUNTING.
Signed-off-by: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
we lost the sched_min_granularity tunable to a clever optimization
that uses the sched_latency/min_granularity ratio - but the ratio
is quite unintuitive to users and can also crash the kernel if the
ratio is set to 0. So reintroduce the min_granularity tunable,
while keeping the ratio maintained internally.
no functionality changed.
[ mingo@elte.hu: some fixlets. ]
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Added blk_unplug interface, allowing all invocations of unplugs to result
in a generated blktrace UNPLUG.
Signed-off-by: Alan D. Brunelle <Alan.Brunelle@hp.com>
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <jens.axboe@oracle.com>
Allow initializing fans on systems where BIOS does not do that by
default.
- define f75375s_platform_data in new file f75375s.h
- if platform_data was provided, set fans accordingly in f75375_init()
- split set_pwm_enable() to a sysfs callback and directly usable
set_pwm_enable_direct()
Signed-off-by: Riku Voipio <riku.voipio@movial.fi>
Signed-off-by: Mark M. Hoffman <mhoffman@lightlink.com>
New driver to read FB-DIMM temperature sensors on systems with the
Intel 5000 series chipsets.
Signed-off-by: Darrick J. Wong <djwong@us.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Mark M. Hoffman <mhoffman@lightlink.com>
Commit ed6dcf4a in the history.git tree broke netlink_unicast timeouts
by moving the schedule_timeout() call to a new function that doesn't
propagate the remaining timeout back to the caller. This means on each
retry we start with the full timeout again.
ipc/mqueue.c seems to actually want to wait indefinitely so this
behaviour is retained.
Signed-off-by: Patrick McHardy <kaber@trash.net>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Dave Miller noted various cases where line disciplines for things like
ppp go poking around in termios themselves in ways that broke with the
new termios code. Rather than have them all learning about termios
internals provide proper methods for this
- tty_mode_ioctl()
This handles all the terminal mode handling for speed/carrier
etc and none of the methods are ldisc dependant so they can be called
by any user
- tty_perform_flush()
This extracts the flush functionality and enables pppd the ppp
layer to share it cleanly.
The existing n_tty_ioctl code is refactored in this patch to provide
the new functions and to call them itself appropriately. This patch
has no (intended) behaviour changes and simply prepares for the other
fixes.
Signed-off-by: Alan Cox <alan@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
The #idfed CONFIG_IP_MROUTE is sometimes places inside the if-s,
which looks completely bad. Similar ifdefs inside the functions
looks a bit better, but they are also not recommended to be used.
Provide an ifdef-ed ip_mroute_opt() helper to cleanup the code.
Signed-off-by: Pavel Emelyanov <xemul@openvz.org>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Sort matches and targets in the Kbuild file.
Signed-off-by: Jan Engelhardt <jengelh@computergmbh.de>
Signed-off-by: Patrick McHardy <kaber@trash.net>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
* 'upstream-linus' of master.kernel.org:/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/jgarzik/libata-dev:
libata: handle broken cable reporting
pata_hpt37x: Fix outstanding bug reports on the HPT374 and 37x cable detect
ata_piix: Add additional PCI identifier for 40 wire short cable
pata_serverworks: Fix problem with some drive combinations
libata: Don't disable dipm with SET FEATURES
libata and bogus LBA48 drives
The Build with randconfig fails with following error with the
2.6.24-rc4-git9
include/linux/kallsyms.h:56: error: `NULL' undeclared (first use in this
function)
include/linux/kallsyms.h:56: error: (Each undeclared identifier is
reported only once
include/linux/kallsyms.h:56: error: for each function it appears in.)
make[2]: *** [arch/powerpc/platforms/cell/spu_callbacks.o] Error 1
make[1]: *** [arch/powerpc/platforms/cell] Error 2
make: *** [arch/powerpc/platforms] Error 2
Signed-off-by: Kamalesh Babulal <kamalesh@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
One or two ancient drives predated the cable spec and didn't sent the
valid bits for the field. I had hoped to leave this out of libata as a
piece of historical annoyance but a recent CD drive shows the same bug so
we have to import support for it.
Same concept as Bartlomiej's changes old IDE except that as we have
centralised blacklists we can avoid keeping another private table of stuff
Signed-off-by: Alan Cox <alan@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Jeff Garzik <jeff@garzik.org>
* master.kernel.org:/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/gregkh/pci-2.6:
PCI: Add Kconfig option to disable deprecated pci_find_* API
PCI: pciserial_resume_one ignored return value of pci_enable_device
PCI Hotplug: cpqhp_pushbutton_thread(): remove a pointless if() check
PCI: make pci_match_device() static
PCI: Remove 3 incorrect MSI quirks.
PCI: Add MSI INTX_DISABLE quirks for ATI SB700/800 SATA and IXP SB400 USB
PCI: Add quirk for devices which disable MSI when INTX_DISABLE is set.
PCI: Add MSI quirk for ServerWorks HT1000 PCIX bridge.
PCI: Revert "PCI: disable MSI by default on systems with Serverworks HT1000 chips"
Now that we have dealt with the real issue, in that some ATI SATA and
USB controllers needed the INTX_DISABLE quirk, we can remove these AMD
chipset global MSI disabling quirks.
This reverts three changesets:
4be8f90643 (PCI: disable MSI on RS690)
aea6a433f5 (PCI: disable MSI on RD580)
f122392f67 (PCI: disable MSI on RX790)
This is based upon testing and feedback from
Shane Huang <Shane.Huang@amd.com>.
Cc: Shane Huang <Shane.Huang@amd.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Acked-by: Jeff Garzik <jgarzik@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>
A reasonably common problem with some devices is that they will
disable MSI generation when the INTX_DISABLE bit is set in the
PCI_COMMAND register.
Quirk this explicitly, guarding the pci_intx() calls in msi.c with
this quirk indication.
The first entries for this quirk are for 5714 and 5780 Tigon3 chips,
and thus we can remove the workaround code from the tg3.c driver.
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Acked-by: Michael Chan <mchan@broadcom.com>
Acked-by: Jeff Garzik <jgarzik@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>
This is the fix for the following problem:
https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=227657
The bnx2 device 5706 complains about MSI not working behind a
ServerWorks HT1000 PCIX bridge. An earlier commit to fix the problem:
e3008dedff4bdc96a5f67224cd3d8d12237082a0:
"PCI: disable MSI by default on systems with Serverworks HT1000 chips"
was not entirely correct, and has been reverted.
MSI does not work on the PCIX bus because the BIOS did not set the
HT_MSI_FLAGS_ENABLE bit in the HyperTransport MSI capability on the
bridge. We use the existing quirk_msi_ht_cap() to detect the problem
and disable MSI in all buses behind it.
Signed-off-by: Michael Chan <mchan@broadcom.com>
Cc: Anantha Subramanyam <ananth@broadcom.com>
Cc: Naren Sankar <nsankar@broadcom.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Acked-by: Jeff Garzik <jgarzik@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>
This reverts commit e3008dedff.
The real bug was an INTX issue in the tg3 ethernet chip, and
cured by commit c129d962a66c76964954a98b38586ada82cf9381
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Acked-by: Jeff Garzik <jgarzik@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>
The following functions can now become static again:
- get_futex_key()
- get_futex_key_refs()
- drop_futex_key_refs()
Signed-off-by: Adrian Bunk <bunk@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
A colleague noticed recent versions of Ubuntu no longer detect his 80 GB
ST380020ACE drive. This drive is special in that it advertises LBA48 support,
but has the lba_capacity_2 field set to zero (cfr.
http://lkml.org/lkml/2004/3/30/163).
Upon closer look, libata indeed doesn't seem to handle this case yet.
Below is an (untested) fix.
Signed-off-by: Jeff Garzik <jeff@garzik.org>
* 'for-linus' of git://git.kernel.dk/linux-2.6-block:
[BLOCK] Don't allow empty barriers to be passed down to queues that don't grok them
dm: bounce_pfn limit added
Deadline iosched: Fix batching fairness
Deadline iosched: Reset batch for ordered requests
Deadline iosched: Factor out finding latter reques
Herbert Xu