If a raid1 has only one working drive and it has a sector which
gives an error on read, then an attempt to recover onto a spare will
fail, but as the single remaining drive is not removed from the
array, the recovery will be immediately re-attempted, resulting
in an infinite recovery loop.
So detect this situation and don't retry recovery once an error
on the lone remaining drive is detected.
Allow recovery to be retried once every time a spare is added
in case the problem wasn't actually a media error.
Signed-off-by: NeilBrown <neilb@suse.de>
Using sequential numbers to identify md devices is somewhat artificial.
Using names can be a lot more user-friendly.
Also, creating md devices by opening the device special file is a bit
awkward.
So this patch provides a new option for creating and naming devices.
Writing a name such as "md_home" to
/sys/modules/md_mod/parameters/new_array
will cause an array with that name to be created. It will appear in
/sys/block/ /proc/partitions and /proc/mdstat as 'md_home'.
It will have an arbitrary minor number allocated.
md devices that a created by an open are destroyed on the last
close when the device is inactive.
For named md devices, they will not be destroyed until the array
is explicitly stopped, either with the STOP_ARRAY ioctl or by
writing 'clear' to /sys/block/md_XXXX/md/array_state.
The name of the array must start 'md_' to avoid conflict with
other devices.
Signed-off-by: NeilBrown <neilb@suse.de>
Currently md devices, once created, never disappear until the module
is unloaded. This is essentially because the gendisk holds a
reference to the mddev, and the mddev holds a reference to the
gendisk, this a circular reference.
If we drop the reference from mddev to gendisk, then we need to ensure
that the mddev is destroyed when the gendisk is destroyed. However it
is not possible to hook into the gendisk destruction process to enable
this.
So we drop the reference from the gendisk to the mddev and destroy the
gendisk when the mddev gets destroyed. However this has a
complication.
Between the call
__blkdev_get->get_gendisk->kobj_lookup->md_probe
and the call
__blkdev_get->md_open
there is no obvious way to hold a reference on the mddev any more, so
unless something is done, it will disappear and gendisk will be
destroyed prematurely.
Also, once we decide to destroy the mddev, there will be an unlockable
moment before the gendisk is unlinked (blk_unregister_region) during
which a new reference to the gendisk can be created. We need to
ensure that this reference can not be used. i.e. the ->open must
fail.
So:
1/ in md_probe we set a flag in the mddev (hold_active) which
indicates that the array should be treated as active, even
though there are no references, and no appearance of activity.
This is cleared by md_release when the device is closed if it
is no longer needed.
This ensures that the gendisk will survive between md_probe and
md_open.
2/ In md_open we check if the mddev we expect to open matches
the gendisk that we did open.
If there is a mismatch we return -ERESTARTSYS and modify
__blkdev_get to retry from the top in that case.
In the -ERESTARTSYS sys case we make sure to wait until
the old gendisk (that we succeeded in opening) is really gone so
we loop at most once.
Some udev configurations will always open an md device when it first
appears. If we allow an md device that was just created by an open
to disappear on an immediate close, then this can race with such udev
configurations and result in an infinite loop the device being opened
and closed, then re-open due to the 'ADD' even from the first open,
and then close and so on.
So we make sure an md device, once created by an open, remains active
at least until some md 'ioctl' has been made on it. This means that
all normal usage of md devices will allow them to disappear promptly
when not needed, but the worst that an incorrect usage will do it
cause an inactive md device to be left in existence (it can easily be
removed).
As an array can be stopped by writing to a sysfs attribute
echo clear > /sys/block/mdXXX/md/array_state
we need to use scheduled work for deleting the gendisk and other
kobjects. This allows us to wait for any pending gendisk deletion to
complete by simply calling flush_scheduled_work().
Signed-off-by: NeilBrown <neilb@suse.de>
md_free is the .release handler for the md kobj_type.
So it makes sense to release all the objects referenced by
the mddev in there, rather than just prior to calling kobject_put
for what we think is the last time.
Signed-off-by: NeilBrown <neilb@suse.de>
It is more balanced to just do simple initialisation in mddev_find,
which allocates and links a new md device, and leave all the
more sophisticated allocation to md_probe (which calls mddev_find).
md_probe already allocated the gendisk. It should allocate the
queue too.
Signed-off-by: NeilBrown <neilb@suse.de>
The rdev_for_each macro defined in <linux/raid/md_k.h> is identical to
list_for_each_entry_safe, from <linux/list.h>, it should be defined to
use list_for_each_entry_safe, instead of reinventing the wheel.
But some calls to each_entry_safe don't really need a safe version,
just a direct list_for_each_entry is enough, this could save a temp
variable (tmp) in every function that used rdev_for_each.
In this patch, most rdev_for_each loops are replaced by list_for_each_entry,
totally save many tmp vars; and only in the other situations that will call
list_del to delete an entry, the safe version is used.
Signed-off-by: Cheng Renquan <crquan@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: NeilBrown <neilb@suse.de>
There is no compelling need for this, but sysfs_notify_dirent is a
nicer interface and the change is good for consistency.
Signed-off-by: NeilBrown <neilb@suse.de>
It turns out that it is only safe to call blkdev_ioctl when the device
is actually open (as ->bd_disk is set to NULL on last close). And it
is quite possible for do_md_stop to be called when the device is not
open. So discard the call to blkdev_ioctl(BLKRRPART) which was
added in
commit 934d9c23b4
It is just as easy to call this ioctl from userspace when needed (on
mdadm -S) so leave it out of the kernel
Signed-off-by: NeilBrown <neilb@suse.de>
md arrays are not currently destroyed when they are stopped - they
remain in /sys/block. Last time I tried this I tripped over locking
too much.
A consequence of this is that udev doesn't remove anything from /dev.
This is rather ugly.
As an interim measure until proper device removal can be achieved,
make sure all partitions are removed using the BLKRRPART ioctl, and
send a KOBJ_CHANGE when an md array is stopped.
Signed-off-by: NeilBrown <neilb@suse.de>
* 'for-linus' of git://neil.brown.name/md:
md: allow extended partitions on md devices.
md: use sysfs_notify_dirent to notify changes to md/dev-xxx/state
md: use sysfs_notify_dirent to notify changes to md/array_state
To keep the size of changesets sane we split the switch by drivers;
to keep the damn thing bisectable we do the following:
1) rename the affected methods, add ones with correct
prototypes, make (few) callers handle both. That's this changeset.
2) for each driver convert to new methods. *ALL* drivers
are converted in this series.
3) kill the old (renamed) methods.
Note that it _is_ a flagday; all in-tree drivers are converted and by the
end of this series no trace of old methods remain. The only reason why
we do that this way is to keep the damn thing bisectable and allow per-driver
debugging if anything goes wrong.
New methods:
open(bdev, mode)
release(disk, mode)
ioctl(bdev, mode, cmd, arg) /* Called without BKL */
compat_ioctl(bdev, mode, cmd, arg)
locked_ioctl(bdev, mode, cmd, arg) /* Called with BKL, legacy */
Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
The new extended partition support provides a much nicer was
to have partitions on md devices that the 'mdp' alternate major.
We cannot really get rid of 'mdp' at this time, but we can
enable extended partitions as that will probably make life
easier for sysadmins.
Signed-off-by: NeilBrown <neilb@suse.de>
The 'state' file for a device reports, for example, when the device
has failed. Changes should be reported to userspace ASAP without
the possibility of blocking on low-memory. sysfs_notify does
have that possibility (as it takes a mutex which can be held
across a kmalloc) so use sysfs_notify_dirent instead.
Signed-off-by: NeilBrown <neilb@suse.de>
Now that we have sysfs_notify_dirent, use it to notify changes
to md/array_state.
As sysfs_notify_dirent can be called in atomic context, we can
remove the delayed notify and the MD_NOTIFY_ARRAY_STATE flag.
Signed-off-by: NeilBrown <neilb@suse.de>
safe_delay_store() currently truncates the last character of input since
it tells strlcpy that the buffer can only hold 'len' characters, off by
one. sysfs already null terminates the buffer, so just increase the
last argument to strlcpy.
Signed-off-by: Dan Williams <dan.j.williams@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: NeilBrown <neilb@suse.de>
Today's linux-next build (powerpc ppc64_defconfig) failed like this:
drivers/md/raid1.c: In function 'sync_request':
drivers/md/raid1.c:1759: error: implicit declaration of function 'msleep_interruptible'
make[3]: *** [drivers/md/raid1.o] Error 1
make[3]: *** Waiting for unfinished jobs....
drivers/md/raid10.c: In function 'sync_request':
drivers/md/raid10.c:1749: error: implicit declaration of function 'msleep_interruptible'
make[3]: *** [drivers/md/raid10.o] Error 1
drivers/md/md.c: In function 'md_do_sync':
drivers/md/md.c:5915: error: implicit declaration of function 'msleep'
Caused by commit 6caa3b0bbdb474647f6bdd8a958ffc46f78d8d58 ("md: Remove
unnecessary #includes, #defines, and function declarations"). I added
the following patch.
Signed-off-by: Stephen Rothwell <sfr@canb.auug.org.au>
Signed-off-by: NeilBrown <neilb@suse.de>
Currently, the 'chunk_size' of an array must be at-least PAGE_SIZE.
This makes moving an array to a machine with a larger PAGE_SIZE, or
changing the kernel to use a larger PAGE_SIZE, can stop an array from
working.
For RAID10 and RAID4/5/6, this is non-trivial to fix as the resync
process works on whole pages at a time, and assumes them to be wholly
within a stripe. For other raid personalities, this restriction is
not needed at all and can be dropped.
So remove the test on chunk_size from common can, and add it in just
the places where it is needed: raid10 and raid4/5/6.
Signed-off-by: NeilBrown <neilb@suse.de>
Having
function (args)
instead of
function(args)
make is harder to search for calls of particular functions.
So remove all those spaces.
Signed-off-by: NeilBrown <neilb@suse.de>
'read-auto' is a variant of 'readonly' which will switch to writable
on the first write attempt.
Calling do_md_stop to set the array readonly when it is already readonly
returns an error. So make sure not to do that.
Signed-off-by: NeilBrown <neilb@suse.de>
For externally managed metadata, the 'metadata_version' sysfs
attribute is really just a channel for user-space programs to
communicate about how the array is being managed.
It can be useful for this to be changed while the array is active.
Normally changes to metadata_version are not permitted while the array
is active. Change that so that if the metadata is externally managed,
the metadata_version can be changed to a different flavour of external
management.
Signed-off-by: NeilBrown <neilb@suse.de>
Fix rdev_size_store with size == 0.
size == 0 means to use the largest size allowed by the
underlying device and is used when modifying an active array.
This fixes a regression introduced by
commit d7027458d6
Cc: <stable@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Chris Webb <chris@arachsys.com>
Signed-off-by: NeilBrown <neilb@suse.de>
Move stats related fields - stamp, in_flight, dkstats - from disk to
part0 and unify stat handling such that...
* part_stat_*() now updates part0 together if the specified partition
is not part0. ie. part_stat_*() are now essentially all_stat_*().
* {disk|all}_stat_*() are gone.
* part_round_stats() is updated similary. It handles part0 stats
automatically and disk_round_stats() is killed.
* part_{inc|dec}_in_fligh() is implemented which automatically updates
part0 stats for parts other than part0.
* disk_map_sector_rcu() is updated to return part0 if no part matches.
Combined with the above changes, this makes NULL special case
handling in callers unnecessary.
* Separate stats show code paths for disk are collapsed into part
stats show code paths.
* Rename disk_stat_lock/unlock() to part_stat_lock/unlock()
While at it, reposition stat handling macros a bit and add missing
parentheses around macro parameters.
Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <jens.axboe@oracle.com>
Till now, bdev->bd_part is set only if the bdev was for parts other
than part0. This patch makes bdev->bd_part always set so that code
paths don't have to differenciate common handling.
Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <jens.axboe@oracle.com>
Implement {disk|part}_to_dev() and use them to access generic device
instead of directly dereferencing {disk|part}->dev. To make sure no
user is left behind, rename generic devices fields to __dev.
This is in preparation of unifying partition 0 handling with other
partitions.
Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <jens.axboe@oracle.com>
When two md arrays share some block device (e.g each uses different
partitions on the one device), a resync of one array will wait for
the resync on the other to finish.
This can be a long time and as it currently waits TASK_UNINTERRUPTIBLE,
the softlockup code notices and complains.
So use TASK_INTERRUPTIBLE instead and make sure to flush signals
before calling schedule.
Signed-off-by: NeilBrown <neilb@suse.de>
When stopping an md array, or just switching to read-only, we
currently call invalidate_partition while holding the mddev lock.
The main reason for this is probably to ensure all dirty buffers
are flushed (invalidate_partition calls fsync_bdev).
However if any dirty buffers are found, it will almost certainly cause
a deadlock as starting writeout will require an update to the
superblock, and performing that updates requires taking the mddev
lock - which is already held.
This deadlock can be demonstrated by running "reboot -f -n" with
a root filesystem on md/raid, and some dirty buffers in memory.
All other calls to stop an array should already happen after a flush.
The normal sequence is to stop using the array (e.g. umount) which
will cause __blkdev_put to call sync_blockdev. Then open the
array and issue the STOP_ARRAY ioctl while the buffers are all still
clean.
So this invalidate_partition is normally a no-op, except for one case
where it will cause a deadlock.
So remove it.
This patch possibly addresses the regression recored in
http://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=11460
and
http://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=11452
though it isn't yet clear how it ever worked.
Signed-off-by: NeilBrown <neilb@suse.de>
If a 'repair' is requested when an array is in a position to 'recover' raid1
will perform the repair while md believes a recovery is happening. Address
this at both ends, i.e. cancel check/repair requests upon detecting a
recover condition and do not call ->spare_active after completing a
check/repair.
Signed-off-by: Dan Williams <dan.j.williams@intel.com>
Removing faulty devices from an array is a two stage process.
First the device is moved from being a part of the active array
to being similar to a spare device. Then it can be removed
by a request from user space.
The first step is currently not performed for read-only arrays,
so the second step can never succeed.
So allow readonly arrays to remove failed devices (which aren't
blocked).
Signed-off-by: NeilBrown <neilb@suse.de>
We cannot currently change the size of a write-intent bitmap.
So if we change the size of an array which has such a bitmap, it
tries to set bits beyond the end of the bitmap.
For now, simply reject any request to change the size of an array
which has a bitmap. mdadm can remove the bitmap and add a new one
after the array has changed size.
Signed-off-by: NeilBrown <neilb@suse.de>
A recent patch allowed do_md_stop to know whether it was being called
via an ioctl or not, and thus where to allow for an extra open file
descriptor when checking if it is in use.
This broke then switch to readonly performed by the shutdown notifier,
which needs to work even when the array is still (apparently) active
(as md doesn't get told when the filesystem becomes readonly).
So restore this feature by pretending that there can be lots of
file descriptors open, but we still want do_md_stop to switch to
readonly.
Signed-off-by: NeilBrown <neilb@suse.de>
If we reduce the 'safe_mode_delay', it could still wait for the old
delay to completely expire before doing anything about safe_mode.
Thus the effect if the change is delayed.
To make the effect more immediate, run the timeout function
immediately if the delay was reduced. This may cause it to run
slightly earlier that required, but that is the safer option.
Signed-off-by: NeilBrown <neilb@suse.de>
remove_and_add_spares() assumes that failed devices have been hot-removed
from the array. Removal is skipped in the 'blocked' case so do not count a
device in this state as 'spare'.
Signed-off-by: Dan Williams <dan.j.williams@intel.com>
All modifications and most access to the mddev->disks list are made
under the reconfig_mutex lock. However there are three places where
the list is walked without any locking. If a reconfig happens at this
time, havoc (and oops) can ensue.
So use RCU to protect these accesses:
- wrap them in rcu_read_{,un}lock()
- use list_for_each_entry_rcu
- add to the list with list_add_rcu
- delete from the list with list_del_rcu
- delay the 'free' with call_rcu rather than schedule_work
Note that export_rdev did a list_del_init on this list. In almost all
cases the entry was not in the list anymore so it was a no-op and so
safe. It is no longer safe as after list_del_rcu we may not touch
the list_head.
An audit shows that export_rdev is called:
- after unbind_rdev_from_array, in which case the delete has
already been done,
- after bind_rdev_to_array fails, in which case the delete isn't needed.
- before the device has been put on a list at all (e.g. in
add_new_disk where reading the superblock fails).
- and in autorun devices after a failure when the device is on a
different list.
So remove the list_del_init call from export_rdev, and add it back
immediately before the called to export_rdev for that last case.
Note also that ->same_set is sometimes used for lists other than
mddev->list (e.g. candidates). In these cases rcu is not needed.
Signed-off-by: NeilBrown <neilb@suse.de>
Open isn't the only thing that increments ->active. e.g. reading
/proc/mdstat will increment it briefly. So to avoid false positives
in testing for concurrent access, introduce a new counter that counts
just the number of times the md device it open.
Signed-off-by: NeilBrown <neilb@suse.de>
This patch renames the array_size field of struct mddev_s to array_sectors
and converts all instances to use units of 512 byte sectors instead of 1k
blocks.
Signed-off-by: Andre Noll <maan@systemlinux.org>
Signed-off-by: NeilBrown <neilb@suse.de>
Also, change the type of the size parameter from unsigned long long to
sector_t and rename it to num_sectors.
Signed-off-by: Andre Noll <maan@systemlinux.org>
Signed-off-by: NeilBrown <neilb@suse.de>
The checks in overlaps() expect all parameters either in block-based
or sector-based quantities. However, its single caller passes two
rdev->data_offset arguments as well as two rdev->size arguments, the
former being sector counts while the latter are measured in 1K blocks.
This could cause rdev_size_store() to accept an invalid size from user
space. Fix it by passing only sector-based quantities to overlaps().
Signed-off-by: Andre Noll <maan@systemlinux.org>
Signed-off-by: NeilBrown <neilb@suse.de>
- used strict_strtoull in place of simple_strtoull
- use my_mddev in place of rdev->mddev (they have the same value)
and more significantly,
- don't adjust mddev->size to fit, rather reject changes which make
rdev->size smaller than mddev->size
Adjusting mddev->size is a hangover from bind_rdev_to_array which
does a similar thing. But it really is a better design to insist that
mddev->size is set as required, then the rdev->sizes are set to allow
for that. The previous way invites confusion.
Signed-off-by: NeilBrown <neilb@suse.de>
Rename it to sb_start to make sure all users have been converted.
Signed-off-by: Andre Noll <maan@systemlinux.org>
Signed-off-by: Neil Brown <neilb@suse.de>
As BLOCK_SIZE_BITS is 10 and
MD_NEW_SIZE_SECTORS(2 * x) = 2 * NEW_SIZE_BLOCKS(x),
the return value of calc_dev_sboffset() doubles. Fix up all three
callers accordingly.
Signed-off-by: Andre Noll <maan@systemlinux.org>
Signed-off-by: Neil Brown <neilb@suse.de>
Number of sectors is the preferred unit for sizes of raid devices,
so change calc_dev_size() so that it returns this unit instead of
the number of 1K blocks.
Signed-off-by: Andre Noll <maan@systemlinux.org>
Signed-off-by: Neil Brown <neilb@suse.de>
Changing the internal representations of sizes of raid devices
from 1K blocks to sector counts (512B units) is desirable because
it allows to get rid of many divisions/multiplications and unnecessary
casts that are present in the current code.
This patch is a first step in this direction. It replaces the old
1K-based "size" argument of update_size() by "num_sectors" and
fixes up its two callers.
Signed-off-by: Andre Noll <maan@systemlinux.org>
Signed-off-by: Neil Brown <neilb@suse.de>
do_md_stop check the number of active users before allowing the array
to be stopped.
Two problems:
1/ it assumes the request is coming through an open file descriptor
(via ioctl) so it allows for that. This is not always the case.
2/ it doesn't do the check it the array hasn't been activated.
This is not good for cases when we use an inactive array to hold
some devices in a container.
Signed-off-by: Neil Brown <neilb@suse.de>
The current code copies a signed int from user space, converts it to
unsigned and passes the unsigned value to find_rdev_nr() which expects
a signed value. Simply pass the signed value from user space directly.
Signed-off-by: Andre Noll <maan@systemlinux.org>
Signed-off-by: Neil Brown <neilb@suse.de>
NeilBrown