fix the following 'make includecheck' warning:
fs/xfs/linux-2.6/xfs_iops.c: xfs_acl.h is included more than once.
Signed-off-by: Jaswinder Singh Rajput <jaswinderrajput@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Alex Elder <aelder@sgi.com>
Signed-off-by: Alex Elder <aelder@sgi.com>
Christoph Hellwig says that it is enough for XFS to call
filemap_write_and_wait_range() instead of sync_page_range() because we do
all the metadata syncing when forcing the log.
CC: Felix Blyakher <felixb@sgi.com>
CC: xfs@oss.sgi.com
CC: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Signed-off-by: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
We added the ENOSPC handling patch in xfs_create just after it got mered
with xfs_mkdir. Change the log reservation to the variable for either
the create or mkdir value so it does the right thing if get here for creating
a directory.
Signed-off-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Signed-off-by: Alex Elder <aelder@sgi.com>
This avoids an indirect call in the VFS for each path component lookup.
Well, at least as long as you own the directory in question, and the ACL
check is unnecessary.
Reviewed-by: James Morris <jmorris@namei.org>
Acked-by: Serge Hallyn <serue@us.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
If you enable group or project quotas on an XFS file system, then the
mount table presented through /proc/self/mounts erroneously shows
that both options are in effect for the file system. The root of
the problem is some bad logic in the xfs_showargs() function, which
is used to format the file system type-specific options in effect
for a file system.
The problem originated in this GIT commit:
Move platform specific mount option parse out of core XFS code
Date: 11/22/07
Author: Dave Chinner
SHA1 ID: a67d7c5f5d
For XFS quotas, project and group quota management are mutually
exclusive--only one can be in effect at a time. There are two
parts to managing quotas: aggregating usage information; and
enforcing limits. It is possible to have a quota in effect
(aggregating usage) but not enforced.
These features are recorded on an XFS mount point using these flags:
XFS_PQUOTA_ACCT - Project quotas are aggregated
XFS_GQUOTA_ACCT - Group quotas are aggregated
XFS_OQUOTA_ENFD - Project/group quotas are enforced
The code in error is in fs/xfs/linux-2.6/xfs_super.c:
if (mp->m_qflags & (XFS_PQUOTA_ACCT|XFS_OQUOTA_ENFD))
seq_puts(m, "," MNTOPT_PRJQUOTA);
else if (mp->m_qflags & XFS_PQUOTA_ACCT)
seq_puts(m, "," MNTOPT_PQUOTANOENF);
if (mp->m_qflags & (XFS_GQUOTA_ACCT|XFS_OQUOTA_ENFD))
seq_puts(m, "," MNTOPT_GRPQUOTA);
else if (mp->m_qflags & XFS_GQUOTA_ACCT)
seq_puts(m, "," MNTOPT_GQUOTANOENF);
The problem is that XFS_OQUOTA_ENFD will be set in mp->m_qflags
if either group or project quotas are enforced, and as a result
both MNTOPT_PRJQUOTA and MNTOPT_GRPQUOTA will be shown as mount
options.
Signed-off-by: Alex Elder <aelder@sgi.com>
Reviewed-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Reviewed-by: Felix Blyakher <felixb@sgi.com>
xfs_inobt_lookup is also used in xfs_itable.c, remove the STATIC modifier
from it's declaration to fix non-debug builds.
Signed-off-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Reviewed-by: Felix Blyakher <felixb@sgi.com>
Signed-off-by: Felix Blyakher <felixb@sgi.com>
Fix a small typo in the compat ioctl handler that cause the swapext
compat handler to never be called.
Signed-off-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Reviewed-by: Torsten Kaiser <just.for.lkml@googlemail.com>
Tested-by: Torsten Kaiser <just.for.lkml@googlemail.com>
Reviewed-by: Eric Sandeen <sandeen@sandeen.net>
Reviewed-by: Felix Blyakher <felixb@sgi.com>
Signed-off-by: Felix Blyakher <felixb@sgi.com>
Fix a small typo in the compat ioctl handler that cause the swapext
compat handler to never be called.
Signed-off-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Reviewed-by: Torsten Kaiser <just.for.lkml@googlemail.com>
Tested-by: Torsten Kaiser <just.for.lkml@googlemail.com>
Reviewed-by: Eric Sandeen <sandeen@sandeen.net>
Reviewed-by: Felix Blyakher <felixb@sgi.com>
Signed-off-by: Felix Blyakher <felixb@sgi.com>
xfs_trans_iget is a wrapper for xfs_iget that adds the inode to the
transaction after it is read. Except when the inode already is in the
inode cache, in which case it returns the existing locked inode with
increment lock recursion counts.
Now, no one in the tree every decrements these lock recursion counts,
so any user of this gets a potential double unlock when both the original
owner of the inode and the xfs_trans_iget caller unlock it. When looking
back in a git bisect in the historic XFS tree there was only one place
that decremented these counts, xfs_trans_iput. Introduced in commit
ca25df7a840f426eb566d52667b6950b92bb84b5 by Adam Sweeney in 1993,
and removed in commit 19f899a3ab155ff6a49c0c79b06f2f61059afaf3 by
Steve Lord in 2003. And as long as it didn't slip through git bisects
cracks never actually used in that time frame.
A quick audit of the callers of xfs_trans_iget shows that no caller
really relies on this behaviour fortunately - xfs_ialloc allows this
inode from disk so it must not be there before, and all the RT allocator
routines only every add each RT bitmap inode once.
In addition to removing lots of code and reducing the size of the inode
item this patch also avoids the double inode cache lookup in each
create/mkdir/mknod transaction.
Signed-off-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Reviewed-by: Alex Elder <aelder@sgi.com>
Signed-off-by: Felix Blyakher <felixb@sgi.com>
The guarantees for O_SYNC are exactly the same as the ones we need to
make for an fsync call (and given that Linux O_SYNC is O_DSYNC the
equivalent is fdadatasync, but we treat both the same in XFS), except
with a range data writeout. Jan Kara has started unifying these two
path for filesystems using the generic helpers, and I've started to
look at XFS.
The actual transaction commited by xfs_fsync and xfs_write_sync_logforce
has a different transaction number, but actually is exactly the same.
We'll only use the fsync transaction going forward. One major difference
is that xfs_write_sync_logforce never issues a cache flush unless we
commit a transaction causing that as a side-effect, which is an obvious
bug in the O_SYNC handling. Second all the locking and i_update_size
vs i_update_core changes from 978b723712
never made it to xfs_write_sync_logforce, so we add them back.
To make xfs_fsync easily usable from the O_SYNC path, the filemap_fdatawait
call is moved up to xfs_file_fsync, so that we don't wait on the whole
file after we already waited for our portion in xfs_write.
We'll also use a plain call to filemap_write_and_wait_range instead
of the previous sync_page_rang which did it in two steps including
an half-hearted inode write out that doesn't help us.
Once we're done with this also remove the now useless i_update_size
tracking.
Signed-off-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Reviewed-by: Felix Blyakher <felixb@sgi.com>
Signed-off-by: Felix Blyakher <felixb@sgi.com>
Don't search too far - abort if it is outside a certain radius and simply do
a linear search for the first free inode. In AGs with a million inodes this
can speed up allocation speed by 3-4x.
[hch: ported to the new xfs_ialloc.c world order]
Signed-off-by: Dave Chinner <dgc@sgi.com>
Signed-off-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Reviewed-by: Alex Elder <aelder@sgi.com>
Signed-off-by: Felix Blyakher <felixb@sgi.com>
Currenly we have a xfs_inobt_lookup* variant for each comparism direction,
and all these get all three fields of the inobt records passed, while the
common case is just looking for the inode number and we have only marginally
more callers than xfs_inobt_lookup* variants.
So opencode a direct call to xfs_btree_lookup for the single case where we
need all fields, and replace xfs_inobt_lookup* with a xfs_inobt_looku that
just takes the inode number and the direction for all other callers.
Signed-off-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Reviewed-by: Alex Elder <aelder@sgi.com>
Signed-off-by: Felix Blyakher <felixb@sgi.com>
Clarify the control flow in xfs_dialloc. Factor out a helper to go to the
next node from the current one and improve the control flow by expanding
composite if statements and using gotos.
The xfs_ialloc_next_rec helper is borrowed from Dave Chinners dynamic
allocation policy patches.
Signed-off-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Reviewed-by: Alex Elder <aelder@sgi.com>
Signed-off-by: Felix Blyakher <felixb@sgi.com>
Factor out a common helper from repeated debug checks in xfs_dialloc and
xfs_difree.
[hch: split out from Dave's dynamic allocation policy patches]
Signed-off-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Reviewed-by: Alex Elder <aelder@sgi.com>
Signed-off-by: Felix Blyakher <felixb@sgi.com>
Both callers of xfs_inobt_update have the record in form of a
xfs_inobt_rec_incore_t, so just pass a pointer to it instead of the
individual variables.
Signed-off-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Reviewed-by: Alex Elder <aelder@sgi.com>
Signed-off-by: Felix Blyakher <felixb@sgi.com>
Most callers of xfs_inobt_get_rec need to fill a xfs_inobt_rec_incore_t, and
those who don't yet are fine with a xfs_inobt_rec_incore_t, instead of the
three individual variables, too. So just change xfs_inobt_get_rec to write
the output into a xfs_inobt_rec_incore_t directly.
Signed-off-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Reviewed-by: Alex Elder <aelder@sgi.com>
Signed-off-by: Felix Blyakher <felixb@sgi.com>
Factor out code to initialize new inode clusters into a function of it's own.
This keeps xfs_ialloc_ag_alloc smaller and better structured and enables a
future inode cluster initialization transaction. Also initialize the agno
variable earlier in xfs_ialloc_ag_alloc to avoid repeated byte swaps.
[hch: The original patch is from Dave from his unpublished inode create
transaction patch series, with some modifcations by me to apply stand-alone]
Signed-off-by: Dave Chinner <david@fromorbit.com>
Signed-off-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Reviewed-by: Alex Elder <aelder@sgi.com>
Signed-off-by: Felix Blyakher <felixb@sgi.com>
bp was tested for NULL a few lines before, followed by a return, and there
is no intervening modification of its value.
A simplified version of the semantic match that finds this problem is as
follows: (http://www.emn.fr/x-info/coccinelle/)
// <smpl>
@r exists@
local idexpression x;
expression E;
position p1,p2;
@@
if (x == NULL || ...) { ... when forall
return ...; }
... when != \(x=E\|x--\|x++\|--x\|++x\|x-=E\|x+=E\|x|=E\|x&=E\|&x\)
(
*x == NULL
|
*x != NULL
)
// </smpl>
Signed-off-by: Julia Lawall <julia@diku.dk>
Acked-by: Felix Blyakher <felixb@sgi.com>
Signed-off-by: Felix Blyakher <felixb@sgi.com>
Commit a19d9f887d removed the
ino64 option but left the XFS_INO64_OFFSET define it used
in place - just remove it.
Signed-off-by: Eric Sandeen <sandeen@sandeen.net>
Reviewed-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Reviewed-by: Felix Blyakher <felixb@sgi.com>
Signed-off-by: Felix Blyakher <felixb@sgi.com>
CONFIG_XFS_DEBUG builds still need xfs_read_agf to be
non-static, oops.
Signed-off-by: Eric Sandeen <sandeen@sandeen.net>
Reviewed-by: Felix Blyakher <felixb@sgi.com>
Signed-off-by: Felix Blyakher <felixb@sgi.com>
A lot more functions could be made static, but they need
forward declarations; this does some easy ones, and also
found a few unused functions in the process.
Signed-off-by: Eric Sandeen <sandeen@sandeen.net>
Reviewed-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Signed-off-by: Felix Blyakher <felixb@sgi.com>
The locking in xfs_iget_cache_hit currently has numerous problems:
- we clear the reclaim tag without i_flags_lock which protects
modifications to it
- we call inode_init_always which can sleep with pag_ici_lock
held (this is oss.sgi.com BZ #819)
- we acquire and drop i_flags_lock a lot and thus provide no
consistency between the various flags we set/clear under it
This patch fixes all that with a major revamp of the locking in
the function. The new version acquires i_flags_lock early and
only drops it once we need to call into inode_init_always or before
calling xfs_ilock.
This patch fixes a bug seen in the wild where we race modifying the
reclaim tag.
Signed-off-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Reviewed-by: Felix Blyakher <felixb@sgi.com>
Reviewed-by: Eric Sandeen <sandeen@sandeen.net>
Signed-off-by: Felix Blyakher <felixb@sgi.com>
* 'for-linus' of git://oss.sgi.com/xfs/xfs:
xfs: fix spin_is_locked assert on uni-processor builds
xfs: check for dinode realtime flag corruption
use XFS_CORRUPTION_ERROR in xfs_btree_check_sblock
xfs: switch to NOFS allocation under i_lock in xfs_attr_rmtval_get
xfs: switch to NOFS allocation under i_lock in xfs_readlink_bmap
xfs: switch to NOFS allocation under i_lock in xfs_attr_rmtval_set
xfs: switch to NOFS allocation under i_lock in xfs_buf_associate_memory
xfs: switch to NOFS allocation under i_lock in xfs_dir_cilookup_result
xfs: switch to NOFS allocation under i_lock in xfs_da_buf_make
xfs: switch to NOFS allocation under i_lock in xfs_da_state_alloc
xfs: switch to NOFS allocation under i_lock in xfs_getbmap
xfs: avoid memory allocation under m_peraglock in growfs code
Without SMP or preemption spin_is_locked always returns false,
so we can't do an assert with it. Instead use assert_spin_locked,
which does the right thing on all builds.
Signed-off-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Reviewed-by: Eric Sandeen <sandeen@sandeen.net>
Reported-by: Johannes Engel <jcnengel@googlemail.com>
Tested-by: Johannes Engel <jcnengel@googlemail.com>
Signed-off-by: Felix Blyakher <felixb@sgi.com>
Ramon tested XFS with a modified version of fsfuzzer and hit a NULL
pointer dereference in __xfs_get_blocks due to the RT device target
pointer being NULL.
To fix this reject inode with the realtime bit set on a a filesystem
without an RT subvolume during inode read.
Signed-off-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Reviewed-by: Eric Sandeen <sandeen@sandeen.net>
Reviewed-by: Felix Blyakher <felixb@sgi.com>
Reported-by: Ramon de Carvalho Valle <ramon@risesecurity.org>
Tested-by: Ramon de Carvalho Valle <ramon@risesecurity.org>
Signed-off-by: Felix Blyakher <felixb@sgi.com>
In Red Hat Bug 512552
- Can't write to XFS mount during raid5 resync
a user ran into corruption while resyncing a raid, and we failed
a consistency test, but didn't get much more info; it'd be nice
to call XFS_CORRUPTION_ERROR here so we can see the buffer
contents.
Signed-off-by: Eric Sandeen <sandeen@sandeen.net>
Reviewed-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Signed-off-by: Felix Blyakher <felixb@sgi.com>
xfs_attr_rmtval_get is always called with i_lock held, but i_lock is taken
in reclaim context so all allocations under it must avoid recursions into
the filesystem.
Reported by the new reclaim context tracing in lockdep.
Signed-off-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Reviewed-by: Felix Blyakher <felixb@sgi.com>
Signed-off-by: Felix Blyakher <felixb@sgi.com>
xfs_readlink_bmap is called with i_lock held, but i_lock is taken in
reclaim context so all allocations under it must avoid recursions into
the filesystem.
Reported by the new reclaim context tracing in lockdep.
Signed-off-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Reviewed-by: Felix Blyakher <felixb@sgi.com>
Signed-off-by: Felix Blyakher <felixb@sgi.com>
xfs_attr_rmtval_set is always called with i_lock held, and i_lock is taken
in reclaim context so all allocations under it must avoid recursions into
the filesystem.
Reported by the new reclaim context tracing in lockdep.
Signed-off-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Reviewed-by: Felix Blyakher <felixb@sgi.com>
Signed-off-by: Felix Blyakher <felixb@sgi.com>
xfs_buf_associate_memory is used for setting up the spare buffer for the
log wrap case in xlog_sync which can happen under i_lock when called from
xfs_fsync. The i_lock mutex is taken in reclaim context so all allocations
under it must avoid recursions into the filesystem. There are a couple
more uses of xfs_buf_associate_memory in the log recovery code that are
also affected by this, but I'd rather keep the code simple than passing on
a gfp_mask argument. Longer term we should just stop requiring the memoery
allocation in xlog_sync by some smaller rework of the buffer layer.
Reported by the new reclaim context tracing in lockdep.
Signed-off-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Reviewed-by: Felix Blyakher <felixb@sgi.com>
Signed-off-by: Felix Blyakher <felixb@sgi.com>
xfs_dir_cilookup_result is always called with i_lock held, but i_lock is taken
in reclaim context so all allocations under it must avoid recursions into the
filesystem.
Reported by the new reclaim context tracing in lockdep.
Signed-off-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Reviewed-by: Felix Blyakher <felixb@sgi.com>
Signed-off-by: Felix Blyakher <felixb@sgi.com>
i_lock is taken in the reclaim context so all allocations under it
must avoid recursions into the filesystem.
Reported by the new reclaim context tracing in lockdep.
Signed-off-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Reviewed-by: Felix Blyakher <felixb@sgi.com>
Signed-off-by: Felix Blyakher <felixb@sgi.com>
xfs_da_state_alloc is always called with i_lock held, but i_lock is taken in
reclaim context so all allocations under it must avoid recursions into the
filesystem.
Reported by the new reclaim context tracing in lockdep.
Signed-off-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Reviewed-by: Felix Blyakher <felixb@sgi.com>
Signed-off-by: Felix Blyakher <felixb@sgi.com>
xfs_getbmap allocates memory with i_lock held, but i_lock is taken in
reclaim context so all allocations under it must avoid recursions into
the filesystem.
Reported by the new reclaim context tracing in lockdep.
Signed-off-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Reviewed-by: Felix Blyakher <felixb@sgi.com>
Signed-off-by: Felix Blyakher <felixb@sgi.com>
Allocate the memory for the larger m_perag array before taking the
per-AG lock as the per-AG lock can be taken under the i_lock which
can be taken from reclaim context.
Reported by the new reclaim context tracing in lockdep.
Signed-off-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Reviewed-by: Felix Blyakher <felixb@sgi.com>
Signed-off-by: Felix Blyakher <felixb@sgi.com>
When freeing an inode that lost race getting added to the inode cache we
must not call into ->destroy_inode, because that would delete the inode
that won the race from the inode cache radix tree.
This patch uses splits a new xfs_inode_free helper out of xfs_ireclaim
and uses that plus __destroy_inode to make sure we really only free
the memory allocted for the inode that lost the race, and not mess with
the inode cache state.
Signed-off-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Reviewed-by: Eric Sandeen <sandeen@sandeen.net>
Reported-by: Alex Samad <alex@samad.com.au>
Reported-by: Andrew Randrianasulu <randrik@mail.ru>
Reported-by: Stephane <sharnois@max-t.com>
Reported-by: Tommy <tommy@news-service.com>
Reported-by: Miah Gregory <mace@darksilence.net>
Reported-by: Gabriel Barazer <gabriel@oxeva.fr>
Reported-by: Leandro Lucarella <llucax@gmail.com>
Reported-by: Daniel Burr <dburr@fami.com.au>
Reported-by: Nickolay <newmail@spaces.ru>
Reported-by: Michael Guntsche <mike@it-loops.com>
Reported-by: Dan Carley <dan.carley+linuxkern-bugs@gmail.com>
Reported-by: Michael Ole Olsen <gnu@gmx.net>
Reported-by: Michael Weissenbacher <mw@dermichi.com>
Reported-by: Martin Spott <Martin.Spott@mgras.net>
Reported-by: Christian Kujau <lists@nerdbynature.de>
Tested-by: Michael Guntsche <mike@it-loops.com>
Tested-by: Dan Carley <dan.carley+linuxkern-bugs@gmail.com>
Tested-by: Christian Kujau <lists@nerdbynature.de>
Currently inode_init_always calls into ->destroy_inode if the additional
initialization fails. That's not only counter-intuitive because
inode_init_always did not allocate the inode structure, but in case of
XFS it's actively harmful as ->destroy_inode might delete the inode from
a radix-tree that has never been added. This in turn might end up
deleting the inode for the same inum that has been instanciated by
another process and cause lots of cause subtile problems.
Also in the case of re-initializing a reclaimable inode in XFS it would
free an inode we still want to keep alive.
Signed-off-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Reviewed-by: Eric Sandeen <sandeen@sandeen.net>
VM calculation for nr_to_write seems off. Bump it way
up, this gets simple streaming writes zippy again.
To be reviewed again after Jens' writeback changes.
Signed-off-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@infradead.org>
Signed-off-by: Eric Sandeen <sandeen@sandeen.net>
Cc: Chris Mason <chris.mason@oracle.com>
Reviewed-by: Felix Blyakher <felixb@sgi.com>
Signed-off-by: Felix Blyakher <felixb@sgi.com>
commit 6321e3ed2a caused
the full bmv_count's worth of getbmapx structures to get
allocated; telling it to do MAXEXTNUM was a bit insane,
resulting in ENOMEM every time.
Chop it down to something reasonable, the number of slots
in the caller's input buffer. If this is too large the
caller may get ENOMEM but the reason should not be a
mystery, and they can try again with something smaller.
We add 1 to the value because in the normal getbmap
world, bmv_count includes the header and xfs_getbmap does:
nex = bmv->bmv_count - 1;
if (nex <= 0)
return XFS_ERROR(EINVAL);
Signed-off-by: Eric Sandeen <sandeen@sandeen.net>
Reviewed-by: Olaf Weber <olaf@sgi.com>
Reviewed-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Signed-off-by: Felix Blyakher <felixb@sgi.com>
* Remove smp_lock.h from files which don't need it (including some headers!)
* Add smp_lock.h to files which do need it
* Make smp_lock.h include conditional in hardirq.h
It's needed only for one kernel_locked() usage which is under CONFIG_PREEMPT
This will make hardirq.h inclusion cheaper for every PREEMPT=n config
(which includes allmodconfig/allyesconfig, BTW)
Signed-off-by: Alexey Dobriyan <adobriyan@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Commit 1faa16d228 accidentally broke
the bdi congestion wait queue logic, causing us to wait on congestion
for WRITE (== 1) when we really wanted BLK_RW_ASYNC (== 0) instead.
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <jens.axboe@oracle.com>
Follow-up to "block: enable by default support for large devices
and files on 32-bit archs".
Rename CONFIG_LBD to CONFIG_LBDAF to:
- allow update of existing [def]configs for "default y" change
- reflect that it is used also for large files support nowadays
Signed-off-by: Bartlomiej Zolnierkiewicz <bzolnier@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <jens.axboe@oracle.com>
Identation got messed up when merging the current_umask changes with
the generic ACL support.
Signed-off-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Reviewed-by: Felix Blyakher <felixb@sgi.com>
Signed-off-by: Felix Blyakher <felixb@sgi.com>