Reading /proc/slabinfo or monitoring slabtop(1) can become very
expensive if there are many slab caches and if there are very lengthy
per-node partial and/or free lists.
Commit 07a63c41fa ("mm/slab: improve performance of gathering slabinfo
stats") addressed the per-node full lists which showed a significant
improvement when no objects were freed. This patch has the same
motivation and optimizes the remainder of the usecases where there are
very lengthy partial and free lists.
This patch maintains per-node active_slabs (full and partial) and
free_slabs rather than iterating the lists at runtime when reading
/proc/slabinfo.
When allocating 100GB of slab from a test cache where every slab page is
on the partial list, reading /proc/slabinfo (includes all other slab
caches on the system) takes ~247ms on average with 48 samples.
As a result of this patch, the same read takes ~0.856ms on average.
[rientjes@google.com: changelog]
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/alpine.DEB.2.10.1611081505240.13403@chino.kir.corp.google.com
Signed-off-by: Greg Thelen <gthelen@google.com>
Signed-off-by: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Cc: Pekka Enberg <penberg@kernel.org>
Cc: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Verify that kmem_create_cache flags are not allocator specific. It is
done before removing flags that are not available with the current
configuration.
The current kmem_cache_create removes incorrect flags but do not
validate the callers are using them right. This change will ensure that
callers are not trying to create caches with flags that won't be used
because allocator specific.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1478553075-120242-2-git-send-email-thgarnie@google.com
Signed-off-by: Thomas Garnier <thgarnie@google.com>
Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Cc: Pekka Enberg <penberg@kernel.org>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
The slub allocator gives us some incorrect warnings when
CONFIG_PROFILE_ANNOTATED_BRANCHES is set, as the unlikely() macro
prevents it from seeing that the return code matches what it was before:
mm/slub.c: In function `kmem_cache_free_bulk':
mm/slub.c:262:23: error: `df.s' may be used uninitialized in this function [-Werror=maybe-uninitialized]
mm/slub.c:2943:3: error: `df.cnt' may be used uninitialized in this function [-Werror=maybe-uninitialized]
mm/slub.c:2933:4470: error: `df.freelist' may be used uninitialized in this function [-Werror=maybe-uninitialized]
mm/slub.c:2943:3: error: `df.tail' may be used uninitialized in this function [-Werror=maybe-uninitialized]
I have not been able to come up with a perfect way for dealing with
this, the three options I see are:
- add a bogus initialization, which would increase the runtime overhead
- replace unlikely() with unlikely_notrace()
- remove the unlikely() annotation completely
I checked the object code for a typical x86 configuration and the last
two cases produce the same result, so I went for the last one, which is
the simplest.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20161024155704.3114445-1-arnd@arndb.de
Signed-off-by: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
Acked-by: Jesper Dangaard Brouer <brouer@redhat.com>
Cc: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Cc: Pekka Enberg <penberg@kernel.org>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com>
Cc: Vladimir Davydov <vdavydov.dev@gmail.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Laura Abbott <labbott@fedoraproject.org>
Cc: Alexander Potapenko <glider@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
synchronize_sched() is a heavy operation and calling it per each cache
owned by a memory cgroup being destroyed may take quite some time. What
is worse, it's currently called under the slab_mutex, stalling all works
doing cache creation/destruction.
Actually, there isn't much point in calling synchronize_sched() for each
cache - it's enough to call it just once - after setting cpu_partial for
all caches and before shrinking them. This way, we can also move it out
of the slab_mutex, which we have to hold for iterating over the slab
cache list.
Link: https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=172991
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/0a10d71ecae3db00fb4421bcd3f82bcc911f4be4.1475329751.git.vdavydov.dev@gmail.com
Signed-off-by: Vladimir Davydov <vdavydov.dev@gmail.com>
Reported-by: Doug Smythies <dsmythies@telus.net>
Acked-by: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com>
Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@kernel.org>
Cc: Pekka Enberg <penberg@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Creating a lot of cgroups at the same time might stall all worker
threads with kmem cache creation works, because kmem cache creation is
done with the slab_mutex held. The problem was amplified by commits
801faf0db8 ("mm/slab: lockless decision to grow cache") in case of
SLAB and 81ae6d0395 ("mm/slub.c: replace kick_all_cpus_sync() with
synchronize_sched() in kmem_cache_shrink()") in case of SLUB, which
increased the maximal time the slab_mutex can be held.
To prevent that from happening, let's use a special ordered single
threaded workqueue for kmem cache creation. This shouldn't introduce
any functional changes regarding how kmem caches are created, as the
work function holds the global slab_mutex during its whole runtime
anyway, making it impossible to run more than one work at a time. By
using a single threaded workqueue, we just avoid creating a thread per
each work. Ordering is required to avoid a situation when a cgroup's
work is put off indefinitely because there are other cgroups to serve,
in other words to guarantee fairness.
Link: https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=172981
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20161004131417.GC1862@esperanza
Signed-off-by: Vladimir Davydov <vdavydov.dev@gmail.com>
Reported-by: Doug Smythies <dsmythies@telus.net>
Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com>
Cc: Pekka Enberg <penberg@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Pull x86 asm updates from Ingo Molnar:
"The main changes in this development cycle were:
- a large number of call stack dumping/printing improvements: higher
robustness, better cross-context dumping, improved output, etc.
(Josh Poimboeuf)
- vDSO getcpu() performance improvement for future Intel CPUs with
the RDPID instruction (Andy Lutomirski)
- add two new Intel AVX512 features and the CPUID support
infrastructure for it: AVX512IFMA and AVX512VBMI. (Gayatri Kammela,
He Chen)
- more copy-user unification (Borislav Petkov)
- entry code assembly macro simplifications (Alexander Kuleshov)
- vDSO C/R support improvements (Dmitry Safonov)
- misc fixes and cleanups (Borislav Petkov, Paul Bolle)"
* 'x86-asm-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip: (40 commits)
scripts/decode_stacktrace.sh: Fix address line detection on x86
x86/boot/64: Use defines for page size
x86/dumpstack: Make stack name tags more comprehensible
selftests/x86: Add test_vdso to test getcpu()
x86/vdso: Use RDPID in preference to LSL when available
x86/dumpstack: Handle NULL stack pointer in show_trace_log_lvl()
x86/cpufeatures: Enable new AVX512 cpu features
x86/cpuid: Provide get_scattered_cpuid_leaf()
x86/cpuid: Cleanup cpuid_regs definitions
x86/copy_user: Unify the code by removing the 64-bit asm _copy_*_user() variants
x86/unwind: Ensure stack grows down
x86/vdso: Set vDSO pointer only after success
x86/prctl/uapi: Remove #ifdef for CHECKPOINT_RESTORE
x86/unwind: Detect bad stack return address
x86/dumpstack: Warn on stack recursion
x86/unwind: Warn on bad frame pointer
x86/decoder: Use stderr if insn sanity test fails
x86/decoder: Use stdout if insn decoder test is successful
mm/page_alloc: Remove kernel address exposure in free_reserved_area()
x86/dumpstack: Remove raw stack dump
...
Pull mm/PAT cleanup from Ingo Molnar:
"A single cleanup for a generic interface that was originally
introduced for PAT"
* 'mm-pat-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip:
x86/pat, mm: Make track_pfn_insert() return void
If .readlink == NULL implies generic_readlink().
Generated by:
to_del="\.readlink.*=.*generic_readlink"
for i in `git grep -l $to_del`; do sed -i "/$to_del"/d $i; done
Signed-off-by: Miklos Szeredi <mszeredi@redhat.com>
The shmem hole punching with fallocate(FALLOC_FL_PUNCH_HOLE) does not
want to race with generating new pages by faulting them in.
However, the wait-queue used to delay the page faulting has a serious
problem: the wait queue head (in shmem_fallocate()) is allocated on the
stack, and the code expects that "wake_up_all()" will make sure that all
the queue entries are gone before the stack frame is de-allocated.
And that is not at all necessarily the case.
Yes, a normal wake-up sequence will remove the wait-queue entry that
caused the wakeup (see "autoremove_wake_function()"), but the key
wording there is "that caused the wakeup". When there are multiple
possible wakeup sources, the wait queue entry may well stay around.
And _particularly_ in a page fault path, we may be faulting in new pages
from user space while we also have other things going on, and there may
well be other pending wakeups.
So despite the "wake_up_all()", it's not at all guaranteed that all list
entries are removed from the wait queue head on the stack.
Fix this by introducing a new wakeup function that removes the list
entry unconditionally, even if the target process had already woken up
for other reasons. Use that "synchronous" function to set up the
waiters in shmem_fault().
This problem has never been seen in the wild afaik, but Dave Jones has
reported it on and off while running trinity. We thought we fixed the
stack corruption with the blk-mq rq_list locking fix (commit
7fe311302f7d: "blk-mq: update hardware and software queues for sleeping
alloc"), but it turns out there was _another_ stack corruptor hiding
in the trinity runs.
Vegard Nossum (also running trinity) was able to trigger this one fairly
consistently, and made us look once again at the shmem code due to the
faults often being in that area.
Reported-and-tested-by: Vegard Nossum <vegard.nossum@oracle.com>.
Reported-by: Dave Jones <davej@codemonkey.org.uk>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Boris Zhmurov has reported RCU stalls during the kswapd reclaim:
INFO: rcu_sched detected stalls on CPUs/tasks:
23-...: (22 ticks this GP) idle=92f/140000000000000/0 softirq=2638404/2638404 fqs=23
(detected by 4, t=6389 jiffies, g=786259, c=786258, q=42115)
Task dump for CPU 23:
kswapd1 R running task 0 148 2 0x00000008
Call Trace:
shrink_node+0xd2/0x2f0
kswapd+0x2cb/0x6a0
mem_cgroup_shrink_node+0x160/0x160
kthread+0xbd/0xe0
__switch_to+0x1fa/0x5c0
ret_from_fork+0x1f/0x40
kthread_create_on_node+0x180/0x180
a closer code inspection has shown that we might indeed miss all the
scheduling points in the reclaim path if no pages can be isolated from
the LRU list. This is a pathological case but other reports from Donald
Buczek have shown that we might indeed hit such a path:
clusterd-989 [009] .... 118023.654491: mm_vmscan_direct_reclaim_end: nr_reclaimed=193
kswapd1-86 [001] dN.. 118023.987475: mm_vmscan_lru_isolate: isolate_mode=0 classzone=0 order=0 nr_requested=32 nr_scanned=4239830 nr_taken=0 file=1
kswapd1-86 [001] dN.. 118024.320968: mm_vmscan_lru_isolate: isolate_mode=0 classzone=0 order=0 nr_requested=32 nr_scanned=4239844 nr_taken=0 file=1
kswapd1-86 [001] dN.. 118024.654375: mm_vmscan_lru_isolate: isolate_mode=0 classzone=0 order=0 nr_requested=32 nr_scanned=4239858 nr_taken=0 file=1
kswapd1-86 [001] dN.. 118024.987036: mm_vmscan_lru_isolate: isolate_mode=0 classzone=0 order=0 nr_requested=32 nr_scanned=4239872 nr_taken=0 file=1
kswapd1-86 [001] dN.. 118025.319651: mm_vmscan_lru_isolate: isolate_mode=0 classzone=0 order=0 nr_requested=32 nr_scanned=4239886 nr_taken=0 file=1
kswapd1-86 [001] dN.. 118025.652248: mm_vmscan_lru_isolate: isolate_mode=0 classzone=0 order=0 nr_requested=32 nr_scanned=4239900 nr_taken=0 file=1
kswapd1-86 [001] dN.. 118025.984870: mm_vmscan_lru_isolate: isolate_mode=0 classzone=0 order=0 nr_requested=32 nr_scanned=4239914 nr_taken=0 file=1
[...]
kswapd1-86 [001] dN.. 118084.274403: mm_vmscan_lru_isolate: isolate_mode=0 classzone=0 order=0 nr_requested=32 nr_scanned=4241133 nr_taken=0 file=1
this is minute long snapshot which didn't take a single page from the
LRU. It is not entirely clear why only 1303 pages have been scanned
during that time (maybe there was a heavy IRQ activity interfering).
In any case it looks like we can really hit long periods without
scheduling on non preemptive kernels so an explicit cond_resched() in
shrink_node_memcg which is independent on the reclaim operation is due.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20161202095841.16648-1-mhocko@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Reported-by: Boris Zhmurov <bb@kernelpanic.ru>
Tested-by: Boris Zhmurov <bb@kernelpanic.ru>
Reported-by: Donald Buczek <buczek@molgen.mpg.de>
Reported-by: "Christopher S. Aker" <caker@theshore.net>
Reported-by: Paul Menzel <pmenzel@molgen.mpg.de>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Install the callbacks via the state machine. Should the hotplug init fail then
no threads are spawned.
Signed-off-by: Anna-Maria Gleixner <anna-maria@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Sebastian Andrzej Siewior <bigeasy@linutronix.de>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@techsingularity.net>
Cc: linux-mm@kvack.org
Cc: rt@linutronix.de
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20161126231350.10321-15-bigeasy@linutronix.de
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Install the callbacks via the state machine. Multi state is used to address the
per-pool notifier. Uppon adding of the intance the callback is invoked for all
online CPUs so the manual init can go.
Signed-off-by: Sebastian Andrzej Siewior <bigeasy@linutronix.de>
Cc: linux-mm@kvack.org
Cc: Seth Jennings <sjenning@redhat.com>
Cc: rt@linutronix.de
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20161126231350.10321-13-bigeasy@linutronix.de
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Install the callbacks via the state machine and let the core invoke
the callbacks on the already online CPUs.
Signed-off-by: Sebastian Andrzej Siewior <bigeasy@linutronix.de>
Cc: Sergey Senozhatsky <sergey.senozhatsky.work@gmail.com>
Cc: linux-mm@kvack.org
Cc: Minchan Kim <minchan@kernel.org>
Cc: rt@linutronix.de
Cc: Nitin Gupta <ngupta@vflare.org>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20161126231350.10321-11-bigeasy@linutronix.de
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Install the callbacks via the state machine, but do not invoke them as we
can initialize the node state without calling the callbacks on all online
CPUs.
start_shepherd_timer() is now called outside the get_online_cpus() block
which is safe as it only operates on cpu possible mask.
Signed-off-by: Sebastian Andrzej Siewior <bigeasy@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: linux-mm@kvack.org
Cc: rt@linutronix.de
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@techsingularity.net>
Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20161129145221.ffc3kg3hd7lxiwj6@linutronix.de
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Both iterations over online cpus can be replaced by the proper node
specific functions.
Signed-off-by: Sebastian Andrzej Siewior <bigeasy@linutronix.de>
Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Cc: linux-mm@kvack.org
Cc: rt@linutronix.de
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@techsingularity.net>
Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20161129145113.fn3lw5aazjjvdrr3@linutronix.de
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Both functions are called with protection against cpu hotplug already so
*_online_cpus() could be dropped.
Signed-off-by: Sebastian Andrzej Siewior <bigeasy@linutronix.de>
Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Cc: linux-mm@kvack.org
Cc: rt@linutronix.de
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@techsingularity.net>
Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20161126231350.10321-8-bigeasy@linutronix.de
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Hugetlb pages have ->index in size of the huge pages (PMD_SIZE or
PUD_SIZE), not in PAGE_SIZE as other types of pages. This means we
cannot user page_to_pgoff() to check whether we've got the right page
for the radix-tree index.
Let's introduce page_to_index() which would return radix-tree index for
given page.
We will be able to get rid of this once hugetlb will be switched to
multi-order entries.
Fixes: fc127da085 ("truncate: handle file thp")
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20161123093053.mjbnvn5zwxw5e6lk@black.fi.intel.com
Signed-off-by: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Reported-by: Doug Nelson <doug.nelson@intel.com>
Tested-by: Doug Nelson <doug.nelson@intel.com>
Reviewed-by: Naoya Horiguchi <n-horiguchi@ah.jp.nec.com>
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org> [4.8+]
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Gcc revision 241896 implements use-after-scope detection. Will be
available in gcc 7. Support it in KASAN.
Gcc emits 2 new callbacks to poison/unpoison large stack objects when
they go in/out of scope. Implement the callbacks and add a test.
[dvyukov@google.com: v3]
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1479998292-144502-1-git-send-email-dvyukov@google.com
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1479226045-145148-1-git-send-email-dvyukov@google.com
Signed-off-by: Dmitry Vyukov <dvyukov@google.com>
Acked-by: Andrey Ryabinin <aryabinin@virtuozzo.com>
Cc: Alexander Potapenko <glider@google.com>
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org> [4.0+]
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
kasan_global struct is part of compiler/runtime ABI. gcc revision
241983 has added a new field to kasan_global struct. Update kernel
definition of kasan_global struct to include the new field.
Without this patch KASAN is broken with gcc 7.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1479219743-28682-1-git-send-email-dvyukov@google.com
Signed-off-by: Dmitry Vyukov <dvyukov@google.com>
Acked-by: Andrey Ryabinin <aryabinin@virtuozzo.com>
Cc: Alexander Potapenko <glider@google.com>
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org> [4.0+]
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
The following program triggers BUG() in munlock_vma_pages_range():
// autogenerated by syzkaller (http://github.com/google/syzkaller)
#include <sys/mman.h>
int main()
{
mmap((void*)0x20105000ul, 0xc00000ul, 0x2ul, 0x2172ul, -1, 0);
mremap((void*)0x201fd000ul, 0x4000ul, 0xc00000ul, 0x3ul, 0x203f0000ul);
return 0;
}
The test-case constructs the situation when munlock_vma_pages_range()
finds PTE-mapped THP-head in the middle of page table and, by mistake,
skips HPAGE_PMD_NR pages after that.
As result, on the next iteration it hits the middle of PMD-mapped THP
and gets upset seeing mlocked tail page.
The solution is only skip HPAGE_PMD_NR pages if the THP was mlocked
during munlock_vma_page(). It would guarantee that the page is
PMD-mapped as we never mlock PTE-mapeed THPs.
Fixes: e90309c9f7 ("thp: allow mlocked THP again")
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20161115132703.7s7rrgmwttegcdh4@black.fi.intel.com
Signed-off-by: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Reported-by: Dmitry Vyukov <dvyukov@google.com>
Cc: Konstantin Khlebnikov <koct9i@gmail.com>
Cc: Andrey Ryabinin <aryabinin@virtuozzo.com>
Cc: syzkaller <syzkaller@googlegroups.com>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org> [4.5+]
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Commit b46e756f5e ("thp: extract khugepaged from mm/huge_memory.c")
moved code from huge_memory.c to khugepaged.c. Some of this code should
be compiled only when CONFIG_SYSFS is enabled but the condition around
this code was not moved into khugepaged.c.
The result is a compilation error when CONFIG_SYSFS is disabled:
mm/built-in.o: In function `khugepaged_defrag_store': khugepaged.c:(.text+0x2d095): undefined reference to `single_hugepage_flag_store'
mm/built-in.o: In function `khugepaged_defrag_show': khugepaged.c:(.text+0x2d0ab): undefined reference to `single_hugepage_flag_show'
This commit adds the #ifdef CONFIG_SYSFS around the code related to
sysfs.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20161114203448.24197-1-jeremy.lefaure@lse.epita.fr
Signed-off-by: Jérémy Lefaure <jeremy.lefaure@lse.epita.fr>
Acked-by: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Acked-by: Hillf Danton <hillf.zj@alibaba-inc.com>
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Linus found there still is a race in mremap after commit 5d1904204c
("mremap: fix race between mremap() and page cleanning").
As described by Linus:
"the issue is that another thread might make the pte be dirty (in the
hardware walker, so no locking of ours will make any difference)
*after* we checked whether it was dirty, but *before* we removed it
from the page tables"
Fix it by moving the check after we removed it from the page table.
Suggested-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Aaron Lu <aaron.lu@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
It is the reasonable expectation that if an executable file is not
readable there will be no way for a user without special privileges to
read the file. This is enforced in ptrace_attach but if ptrace
is already attached before exec there is no enforcement for read-only
executables.
As the only way to read such an mm is through access_process_vm
spin a variant called ptrace_access_vm that will fail if the
target process is not being ptraced by the current process, or
the current process did not have sufficient privileges when ptracing
began to read the target processes mm.
In the ptrace implementations replace access_process_vm by
ptrace_access_vm. There remain several ptrace sites that still use
access_process_vm as they are reading the target executables
instructions (for kernel consumption) or register stacks. As such it
does not appear necessary to add a permission check to those calls.
This bug has always existed in Linux.
Fixes: v1.0
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Reported-by: Andy Lutomirski <luto@amacapital.net>
Signed-off-by: "Eric W. Biederman" <ebiederm@xmission.com>
During exec dumpable is cleared if the file that is being executed is
not readable by the user executing the file. A bug in
ptrace_may_access allows reading the file if the executable happens to
enter into a subordinate user namespace (aka clone(CLONE_NEWUSER),
unshare(CLONE_NEWUSER), or setns(fd, CLONE_NEWUSER).
This problem is fixed with only necessary userspace breakage by adding
a user namespace owner to mm_struct, captured at the time of exec, so
it is clear in which user namespace CAP_SYS_PTRACE must be present in
to be able to safely give read permission to the executable.
The function ptrace_may_access is modified to verify that the ptracer
has CAP_SYS_ADMIN in task->mm->user_ns instead of task->cred->user_ns.
This ensures that if the task changes it's cred into a subordinate
user namespace it does not become ptraceable.
The function ptrace_attach is modified to only set PT_PTRACE_CAP when
CAP_SYS_PTRACE is held over task->mm->user_ns. The intent of
PT_PTRACE_CAP is to be a flag to note that whatever permission changes
the task might go through the tracer has sufficient permissions for
it not to be an issue. task->cred->user_ns is always the same
as or descendent of mm->user_ns. Which guarantees that having
CAP_SYS_PTRACE over mm->user_ns is the worst case for the tasks
credentials.
To prevent regressions mm->dumpable and mm->user_ns are not considered
when a task has no mm. As simply failing ptrace_may_attach causes
regressions in privileged applications attempting to read things
such as /proc/<pid>/stat
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Acked-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Tested-by: Cyrill Gorcunov <gorcunov@openvz.org>
Fixes: 8409cca705 ("userns: allow ptrace from non-init user namespaces")
Signed-off-by: "Eric W. Biederman" <ebiederm@xmission.com>
Prior to 3.15, there was a race between zap_pte_range() and
page_mkclean() where writes to a page could be lost. Dave Hansen
discovered by inspection that there is a similar race between
move_ptes() and page_mkclean().
We've been able to reproduce the issue by enlarging the race window with
a msleep(), but have not been able to hit it without modifying the code.
So, we think it's a real issue, but is difficult or impossible to hit in
practice.
The zap_pte_range() issue is fixed by commit 1cf35d47712d("mm: split
'tlb_flush_mmu()' into tlb flushing and memory freeing parts"). And
this patch is to fix the race between page_mkclean() and mremap().
Here is one possible way to hit the race: suppose a process mmapped a
file with READ | WRITE and SHARED, it has two threads and they are bound
to 2 different CPUs, e.g. CPU1 and CPU2. mmap returned X, then thread
1 did a write to addr X so that CPU1 now has a writable TLB for addr X
on it. Thread 2 starts mremaping from addr X to Y while thread 1
cleaned the page and then did another write to the old addr X again.
The 2nd write from thread 1 could succeed but the value will get lost.
thread 1 thread 2
(bound to CPU1) (bound to CPU2)
1: write 1 to addr X to get a
writeable TLB on this CPU
2: mremap starts
3: move_ptes emptied PTE for addr X
and setup new PTE for addr Y and
then dropped PTL for X and Y
4: page laundering for N by doing
fadvise FADV_DONTNEED. When done,
pageframe N is deemed clean.
5: *write 2 to addr X
6: tlb flush for addr X
7: munmap (Y, pagesize) to make the
page unmapped
8: fadvise with FADV_DONTNEED again
to kick the page off the pagecache
9: pread the page from file to verify
the value. If 1 is there, it means
we have lost the written 2.
*the write may or may not cause segmentation fault, it depends on
if the TLB is still on the CPU.
Please note that this is only one specific way of how the race could
occur, it didn't mean that the race could only occur in exact the above
config, e.g. more than 2 threads could be involved and fadvise() could
be done in another thread, etc.
For anonymous pages, they could race between mremap() and page reclaim:
THP: a huge PMD is moved by mremap to a new huge PMD, then the new huge
PMD gets unmapped/splitted/pagedout before the flush tlb happened for
the old huge PMD in move_page_tables() and we could still write data to
it. The normal anonymous page has similar situation.
To fix this, check for any dirty PTE in move_ptes()/move_huge_pmd() and
if any, did the flush before dropping the PTL. If we did the flush for
every move_ptes()/move_huge_pmd() call then we do not need to do the
flush in move_pages_tables() for the whole range. But if we didn't, we
still need to do the whole range flush.
Alternatively, we can track which part of the range is flushed in
move_ptes()/move_huge_pmd() and which didn't to avoid flushing the whole
range in move_page_tables(). But that would require multiple tlb
flushes for the different sub-ranges and should be less efficient than
the single whole range flush.
KBuild test on my Sandybridge desktop doesn't show any noticeable change.
v4.9-rc4:
real 5m14.048s
user 32m19.800s
sys 4m50.320s
With this commit:
real 5m13.888s
user 32m19.330s
sys 4m51.200s
Reported-by: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Aaron Lu <aaron.lu@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Limit the number of kmemleak false positives by including
.data.ro_after_init in memory scanning. To achieve this we need to add
symbols for start and end of the section to the linker scripts.
The problem was been uncovered by commit 56989f6d85 ("genetlink: mark
families as __ro_after_init").
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1478274173-15218-1-git-send-email-jakub.kicinski@netronome.com
Reviewed-by: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Jakub Kicinski <jakub.kicinski@netronome.com>
Cc: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
Cc: Cong Wang <xiyou.wangcong@gmail.com>
Cc: Johannes Berg <johannes@sipsolutions.net>
Cc: Martin Schwidefsky <schwidefsky@de.ibm.com>
Cc: Heiko Carstens <heiko.carstens@de.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
While testing OBJFREELIST_SLAB integration with pagealloc, we found a
bug where kmem_cache(sys) would be created with both CFLGS_OFF_SLAB &
CFLGS_OBJFREELIST_SLAB. When it happened, critical allocations needed
for loading drivers or creating new caches will fail.
The original kmem_cache is created early making OFF_SLAB not possible.
When kmem_cache(sys) is created, OFF_SLAB is possible and if pagealloc
is enabled it will try to enable it first under certain conditions.
Given kmem_cache(sys) reuses the original flag, you can have both flags
at the same time resulting in allocation failures and odd behaviors.
This fix discards allocator specific flags from memcg before calling
create_cache.
The bug exists since 4.6-rc1 and affects testing debug pagealloc
configurations.
Fixes: b03a017beb ("mm/slab: introduce new slab management type, OBJFREELIST_SLAB")
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1478553075-120242-1-git-send-email-thgarnie@google.com
Signed-off-by: Greg Thelen <gthelen@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Thomas Garnier <thgarnie@google.com>
Tested-by: Thomas Garnier <thgarnie@google.com>
Acked-by: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Cc: Pekka Enberg <penberg@kernel.org>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com>
Cc: Vladimir Davydov <vdavydov.dev@gmail.com>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@kernel.org>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Starting from 4.9-rc1 kernel, I started noticing some test failures of
sendfile(2) and splice(2) (sendfile0N and splice01 from LTP) when
testing on sub-page block size filesystems (tested both XFS and ext4),
these syscalls start to return EIO in the tests. e.g.
sendfile02 1 TFAIL : sendfile02.c:133: sendfile(2) failed to return expected value, expected: 26, got: -1
sendfile02 2 TFAIL : sendfile02.c:133: sendfile(2) failed to return expected value, expected: 24, got: -1
sendfile02 3 TFAIL : sendfile02.c:133: sendfile(2) failed to return expected value, expected: 22, got: -1
sendfile02 4 TFAIL : sendfile02.c:133: sendfile(2) failed to return expected value, expected: 20, got: -1
This is because that in sub-page block size cases, we don't need the
whole page to be uptodate, only the part we care about is uptodate is OK
(if fs has ->is_partially_uptodate defined).
But page_cache_pipe_buf_confirm() doesn't have the ability to check the
partially-uptodate case, it needs the whole page to be uptodate. So it
returns EIO in this case.
This is a regression introduced by commit 82c156f853 ("switch
generic_file_splice_read() to use of ->read_iter()"). Prior to the
change, generic_file_splice_read() doesn't allow partially-uptodate page
either, so it worked fine.
Fix it by skipping the partially-uptodate check if we're working on a
pipe in do_generic_file_read(), so we read the whole page from disk as
long as the page is not uptodate.
I think the other way to fix it is to add the ability to check & allow
partially-uptodate page to page_cache_pipe_buf_confirm(), but that is
much harder to do and seems gain little.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1477986187-12717-1-git-send-email-guaneryu@gmail.com
Signed-off-by: Eryu Guan <guaneryu@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
Cc: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Error paths in hugetlb_cow() and hugetlb_no_page() may free a newly
allocated huge page.
If a reservation was associated with the huge page, alloc_huge_page()
consumed the reservation while allocating. When the newly allocated
page is freed in free_huge_page(), it will increment the global
reservation count. However, the reservation entry in the reserve map
will remain.
This is not an issue for shared mappings as the entry in the reserve map
indicates a reservation exists. But, an entry in a private mapping
reserve map indicates the reservation was consumed and no longer exists.
This results in an inconsistency between the reserve map and the global
reservation count. This 'leaks' a reserved huge page.
Create a new routine restore_reserve_on_error() to restore the reserve
entry in these specific error paths. This routine makes use of a new
function vma_add_reservation() which will add a reserve entry for a
specific address/page.
In general, these error paths were rarely (if ever) taken on most
architectures. However, powerpc contained arch specific code that that
resulted in an extra fault and execution of these error paths on all
private mappings.
Fixes: 67961f9db8 ("mm/hugetlb: fix huge page reserve accounting for private mappings)
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1476933077-23091-2-git-send-email-mike.kravetz@oracle.com
Signed-off-by: Mike Kravetz <mike.kravetz@oracle.com>
Reported-by: Jan Stancek <jstancek@redhat.com>
Tested-by: Jan Stancek <jstancek@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Aneesh Kumar K.V <aneesh.kumar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Acked-by: Hillf Danton <hillf.zj@alibaba-inc.com>
Cc: Naoya Horiguchi <n-horiguchi@ah.jp.nec.com>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Cc: Kirill A . Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@linux.intel.com>
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
When memory_failure() runs on a thp tail page after pmd is split, we
trigger the following VM_BUG_ON_PAGE():
page:ffffd7cd819b0040 count:0 mapcount:0 mapping: (null) index:0x1
flags: 0x1fffc000400000(hwpoison)
page dumped because: VM_BUG_ON_PAGE(!page_count(p))
------------[ cut here ]------------
kernel BUG at /src/linux-dev/mm/memory-failure.c:1132!
memory_failure() passed refcount and page lock from tail page to head
page, which is not needed because we can pass any subpage to
split_huge_page().
Fixes: 61f5d698cc ("mm: re-enable THP")
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1477961577-7183-1-git-send-email-n-horiguchi@ah.jp.nec.com
Signed-off-by: Naoya Horiguchi <n-horiguchi@ah.jp.nec.com>
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org> [4.5+]
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
When root activates a swap partition whose header has the wrong
endianness, nr_badpages elements of badpages are swabbed before
nr_badpages has been checked, leading to a buffer overrun of up to 8GB.
This normally is not a security issue because it can only be exploited
by root (more specifically, a process with CAP_SYS_ADMIN or the ability
to modify a swap file/partition), and such a process can already e.g.
modify swapped-out memory of any other userspace process on the system.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1477949533-2509-1-git-send-email-jann@thejh.net
Signed-off-by: Jann Horn <jann@thejh.net>
Acked-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Acked-by: Jerome Marchand <jmarchan@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: "Kirill A. Shutemov" <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
CMA allocation request size is represented by size_t that gets truncated
when same is passed as int to bitmap_find_next_zero_area_off.
We observe that during fuzz testing when cma allocation request is too
high, bitmap_find_next_zero_area_off still returns success due to the
truncation. This leads to kernel crash, as subsequent code assumes that
requested memory is available.
Fail cma allocation in case the request breaches the corresponding cma
region size.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1478189211-3467-1-git-send-email-shashim@codeaurora.org
Signed-off-by: Shiraz Hashim <shashim@codeaurora.org>
Cc: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Cc: Stephen Rothwell <sfr@canb.auug.org.au>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
If shmem_alloc_page() does not set PageLocked and PageSwapBacked, then
shmem_replace_page() needs to do so for itself. Without this, it puts
newpage on the wrong lru, re-unlocks the unlocked newpage, and system
descends into "Bad page" reports and freeze; or if CONFIG_DEBUG_VM=y, it
hits an earlier VM_BUG_ON_PAGE(!PageLocked), depending on config.
But shmem_replace_page() is not a common path: it's only called when
swapin (or swapoff) finds the page was already read into an unsuitable
zone: usually all zones are suitable, but gem objects for a few drm
devices (gma500, omapdrm, crestline, broadwater) require zone DMA32 if
there's more than 4GB of ram.
Fixes: 800d8c63b2 ("shmem: add huge pages support")
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/alpine.LSU.2.11.1611062003510.11253@eggly.anvils
Signed-off-by: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Acked-by: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org> [4.8.x]
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
The flush_icache_range() API is meant to be used on kernel addresses
only as it may not have the infrastructure (exception entries) to handle
user memory faults.
The lkdtm execute_user_location() function tests the kernel execution of
user space addresses by mmap'ing an anonymous page, copying some code
together with cache maintenance and attempting to run it. However, the
cache maintenance step may fail because of the incorrect API usage
described above. The patch changes lkdtm to use access_process_vm() for
copying the code into user space which would take care of the necessary
cache maintenance.
Signed-off-by: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
[kees: export access_process_vm() for module use]
Signed-off-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
Note in the bdi_writeback structure whenever a task ends up sleeping
waiting for progress. We can use that information in the lower layers
to increase the priority of writes.
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@fb.com>
Reviewed-by: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
DAX PMDs have been disabled since Jan Kara introduced DAX radix tree based
locking. This patch allows DAX PMDs to participate in the DAX radix tree
based locking scheme so that they can be re-enabled using the new struct
iomap based fault handlers.
There are currently three types of DAX 4k entries: 4k zero pages, 4k DAX
mappings that have an associated block allocation, and 4k DAX empty
entries. The empty entries exist to provide locking for the duration of a
given page fault.
This patch adds three equivalent 2MiB DAX entries: Huge Zero Page (HZP)
entries, PMD DAX entries that have associated block allocations, and 2 MiB
DAX empty entries.
Unlike the 4k case where we insert a struct page* into the radix tree for
4k zero pages, for HZP we insert a DAX exceptional entry with the new
RADIX_DAX_HZP flag set. This is because we use a single 2 MiB zero page in
every 2MiB hole mapping, and it doesn't make sense to have that same struct
page* with multiple entries in multiple trees. This would cause contention
on the single page lock for the one Huge Zero Page, and it would break the
page->index and page->mapping associations that are assumed to be valid in
many other places in the kernel.
One difficult use case is when one thread is trying to use 4k entries in
radix tree for a given offset, and another thread is using 2 MiB entries
for that same offset. The current code handles this by making the 2 MiB
user fall back to 4k entries for most cases. This was done because it is
the simplest solution, and because the use of 2MiB pages is already
opportunistic.
If we were to try to upgrade from 4k pages to 2MiB pages for a given range,
we run into the problem of how we lock out 4k page faults for the entire
2MiB range while we clean out the radix tree so we can insert the 2MiB
entry. We can solve this problem if we need to, but I think that the cases
where both 2MiB entries and 4K entries are being used for the same range
will be rare enough and the gain small enough that it probably won't be
worth the complexity.
Signed-off-by: Ross Zwisler <ross.zwisler@linux.intel.com>
Reviewed-by: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
Signed-off-by: Dave Chinner <david@fromorbit.com>
DAX radix tree locking currently locks entries based on the unique
combination of the 'mapping' pointer and the pgoff_t 'index' for the entry.
This works for PTEs, but as we move to PMDs we will need to have all the
offsets within the range covered by the PMD to map to the same bit lock.
To accomplish this, for ranges covered by a PMD entry we will instead lock
based on the page offset of the beginning of the PMD entry. The 'mapping'
pointer is still used in the same way.
Signed-off-by: Ross Zwisler <ross.zwisler@linux.intel.com>
Reviewed-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Reviewed-by: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
Signed-off-by: Dave Chinner <david@fromorbit.com>
Add wbc_to_write_flags(), which returns the write modifier flags to use,
based on a struct writeback_control. No functional changes in this
patch, but it prepares us for factoring other wbc fields for write type.
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@fb.com>
Reviewed-by: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
Reviewed-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
The stack frame size could grow too large when the plugin used long long
on 32-bit architectures when the given function had too many basic blocks.
The gcc warning was:
drivers/pci/hotplug/ibmphp_ebda.c: In function 'ibmphp_access_ebda':
drivers/pci/hotplug/ibmphp_ebda.c:409:1: warning: the frame size of 1108 bytes is larger than 1024 bytes [-Wframe-larger-than=]
This switches latent_entropy from u64 to unsigned long.
Thanks to PaX Team and Emese Revfy for the patch.
Signed-off-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Merge misc fixes from Andrew Morton:
"20 fixes"
* emailed patches from Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>:
drivers/misc/sgi-gru/grumain.c: remove bogus 0x prefix from printk
cris/arch-v32: cryptocop: print a hex number after a 0x prefix
ipack: print a hex number after a 0x prefix
block: DAC960: print a hex number after a 0x prefix
fs: exofs: print a hex number after a 0x prefix
lib/genalloc.c: start search from start of chunk
mm: memcontrol: do not recurse in direct reclaim
CREDITS: update credit information for Martin Kepplinger
proc: fix NULL dereference when reading /proc/<pid>/auxv
mm: kmemleak: ensure that the task stack is not freed during scanning
lib/stackdepot.c: bump stackdepot capacity from 16MB to 128MB
latent_entropy: raise CONFIG_FRAME_WARN by default
kconfig.h: remove config_enabled() macro
ipc: account for kmem usage on mqueue and msg
mm/slab: improve performance of gathering slabinfo stats
mm: page_alloc: use KERN_CONT where appropriate
mm/list_lru.c: avoid error-path NULL pointer deref
h8300: fix syscall restarting
kcov: properly check if we are in an interrupt
mm/slab: fix kmemcg cache creation delayed issue
On 4.0, we saw a stack corruption from a page fault entering direct
memory cgroup reclaim, calling into btrfs_releasepage(), which then
tried to allocate an extent and recursed back into a kmem charge ad
nauseam:
[...]
btrfs_releasepage+0x2c/0x30
try_to_release_page+0x32/0x50
shrink_page_list+0x6da/0x7a0
shrink_inactive_list+0x1e5/0x510
shrink_lruvec+0x605/0x7f0
shrink_zone+0xee/0x320
do_try_to_free_pages+0x174/0x440
try_to_free_mem_cgroup_pages+0xa7/0x130
try_charge+0x17b/0x830
memcg_charge_kmem+0x40/0x80
new_slab+0x2d9/0x5a0
__slab_alloc+0x2fd/0x44f
kmem_cache_alloc+0x193/0x1e0
alloc_extent_state+0x21/0xc0
__clear_extent_bit+0x2b5/0x400
try_release_extent_mapping+0x1a3/0x220
__btrfs_releasepage+0x31/0x70
btrfs_releasepage+0x2c/0x30
try_to_release_page+0x32/0x50
shrink_page_list+0x6da/0x7a0
shrink_inactive_list+0x1e5/0x510
shrink_lruvec+0x605/0x7f0
shrink_zone+0xee/0x320
do_try_to_free_pages+0x174/0x440
try_to_free_mem_cgroup_pages+0xa7/0x130
try_charge+0x17b/0x830
mem_cgroup_try_charge+0x65/0x1c0
handle_mm_fault+0x117f/0x1510
__do_page_fault+0x177/0x420
do_page_fault+0xc/0x10
page_fault+0x22/0x30
On later kernels, kmem charging is opt-in rather than opt-out, and that
particular kmem allocation in btrfs_releasepage() is no longer being
charged and won't recurse and overrun the stack anymore.
But it's not impossible for an accounted allocation to happen from the
memcg direct reclaim context, and we needed to reproduce this crash many
times before we even got a useful stack trace out of it.
Like other direct reclaimers, mark tasks in memcg reclaim PF_MEMALLOC to
avoid recursing into any other form of direct reclaim. Then let
recursive charges from PF_MEMALLOC contexts bypass the cgroup limit.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20161025141050.GA13019@cmpxchg.org
Signed-off-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Cc: Vladimir Davydov <vdavydov.dev@gmail.com>
Cc: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Commit 68f24b08ee ("sched/core: Free the stack early if
CONFIG_THREAD_INFO_IN_TASK") may cause the task->stack to be freed
during kmemleak_scan() execution, leading to either a NULL pointer fault
(if task->stack is NULL) or kmemleak accessing already freed memory.
This patch uses the new try_get_task_stack() API to ensure that the task
stack is not freed during kmemleak stack scanning.
Addresses https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=173901.
Fixes: 68f24b08ee ("sched/core: Free the stack early if CONFIG_THREAD_INFO_IN_TASK")
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1476266223-14325-1-git-send-email-catalin.marinas@arm.com
Signed-off-by: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Reported-by: CAI Qian <caiqian@redhat.com>
Tested-by: CAI Qian <caiqian@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Cc: Andy Lutomirski <luto@kernel.org>
Cc: CAI Qian <caiqian@redhat.com>
Cc: Hillf Danton <hillf.zj@alibaba-inc.com>
Cc: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
On large systems, when some slab caches grow to millions of objects (and
many gigabytes), running 'cat /proc/slabinfo' can take up to 1-2
seconds. During this time, interrupts are disabled while walking the
slab lists (slabs_full, slabs_partial, and slabs_free) for each node,
and this sometimes causes timeouts in other drivers (for instance,
Infiniband).
This patch optimizes 'cat /proc/slabinfo' by maintaining a counter for
total number of allocated slabs per node, per cache. This counter is
updated when a slab is created or destroyed. This enables us to skip
traversing the slabs_full list while gathering slabinfo statistics, and
since slabs_full tends to be the biggest list when the cache is large,
it results in a dramatic performance improvement. Getting slabinfo
statistics now only requires walking the slabs_free and slabs_partial
lists, and those lists are usually much smaller than slabs_full.
We tested this after growing the dentry cache to 70GB, and the
performance improved from 2s to 5ms.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1472517876-26814-1-git-send-email-aruna.ramakrishna@oracle.com
Signed-off-by: Aruna Ramakrishna <aruna.ramakrishna@oracle.com>
Acked-by: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Mike Kravetz <mike.kravetz@oracle.com>
Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Cc: Pekka Enberg <penberg@kernel.org>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
As described in https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=177821:
After some analysis it seems to be that the problem is in alloc_super().
In case list_lru_init_memcg() fails it goes into destroy_super(), which
calls list_lru_destroy().
And in list_lru_init() we see that in case memcg_init_list_lru() fails,
lru->node is freed, but not set NULL, which then leads list_lru_destroy()
to believe it is initialized and call memcg_destroy_list_lru().
memcg_destroy_list_lru() in turn can access lru->node[i].memcg_lrus,
which is NULL.
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: add comment]
Signed-off-by: Alexander Polakov <apolyakov@beget.ru>
Acked-by: Vladimir Davydov <vdavydov.dev@gmail.com>
Cc: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
There is a bug report that SLAB makes extreme load average due to over
2000 kworker thread.
https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=172981
This issue is caused by kmemcg feature that try to create new set of
kmem_caches for each memcg. Recently, kmem_cache creation is slowed by
synchronize_sched() and futher kmem_cache creation is also delayed since
kmem_cache creation is synchronized by a global slab_mutex lock. So,
the number of kworker that try to create kmem_cache increases quietly.
synchronize_sched() is for lockless access to node's shared array but
it's not needed when a new kmem_cache is created. So, this patch rules
out that case.
Fixes: 801faf0db8 ("mm/slab: lockless decision to grow cache")
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1475734855-4837-1-git-send-email-iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com
Reported-by: Doug Smythies <dsmythies@telus.net>
Tested-by: Doug Smythies <dsmythies@telus.net>
Signed-off-by: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com>
Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Cc: Pekka Enberg <penberg@kernel.org>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
No, KASAN may not be able to co-exist with HOTPLUG_MEMORY at runtime,
but for build testing there is no reason not to allow them together.
This hopefully means better build coverage and fewer embarrasing silly
problems like the one fixed by commit 9db4f36e82 ("mm: remove unused
variable in memory hotplug") in the future.
Cc: Stephen Rothwell <sfr@canb.auug.org.au>
Cc: Andrey Ryabinin <aryabinin@virtuozzo.com>
Cc: Alexander Potapenko <glider@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
When I removed the per-zone bitlock hashed waitqueues in commit
9dcb8b685f ("mm: remove per-zone hashtable of bitlock waitqueues"), I
removed all the magic hotplug memory initialization of said waitqueues
too.
But when I actually _tested_ the resulting build, I stupidly assumed
that "allmodconfig" would enable memory hotplug. And it doesn't,
because it enables KASAN instead, which then disables hotplug memory
support.
As a result, my build test of the per-zone waitqueues was totally
broken, and I didn't notice that the compiler warns about the now unused
iterator variable 'i'.
I guess I should be happy that that seems to be the worst breakage from
my clearly horribly failed test coverage.
Reported-by: Stephen Rothwell <sfr@canb.auug.org.au>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
The per-zone waitqueues exist because of a scalability issue with the
page waitqueues on some NUMA machines, but it turns out that they hurt
normal loads, and now with the vmalloced stacks they also end up
breaking gfs2 that uses a bit_wait on a stack object:
wait_on_bit(&gh->gh_iflags, HIF_WAIT, TASK_UNINTERRUPTIBLE)
where 'gh' can be a reference to the local variable 'mount_gh' on the
stack of fill_super().
The reason the per-zone hash table breaks for this case is that there is
no "zone" for virtual allocations, and trying to look up the physical
page to get at it will fail (with a BUG_ON()).
It turns out that I actually complained to the mm people about the
per-zone hash table for another reason just a month ago: the zone lookup
also hurts the regular use of "unlock_page()" a lot, because the zone
lookup ends up forcing several unnecessary cache misses and generates
horrible code.
As part of that earlier discussion, we had a much better solution for
the NUMA scalability issue - by just making the page lock have a
separate contention bit, the waitqueue doesn't even have to be looked at
for the normal case.
Peter Zijlstra already has a patch for that, but let's see if anybody
even notices. In the meantime, let's fix the actual gfs2 breakage by
simplifying the bitlock waitqueues and removing the per-zone issue.
Reported-by: Andreas Gruenbacher <agruenba@redhat.com>
Tested-by: Bob Peterson <rpeterso@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Mel Gorman <mgorman@techsingularity.net>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Andy Lutomirski <luto@kernel.org>
Cc: Steven Whitehouse <swhiteho@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Linus suggested we try to remove some of the low-hanging fruit related
to kernel address exposure in dmesg. The only leaks I see on my local
system are:
Freeing SMP alternatives memory: 32K (ffffffff9e309000 - ffffffff9e311000)
Freeing initrd memory: 10588K (ffffa0b736b42000 - ffffa0b737599000)
Freeing unused kernel memory: 3592K (ffffffff9df87000 - ffffffff9e309000)
Freeing unused kernel memory: 1352K (ffffa0b7288ae000 - ffffa0b728a00000)
Freeing unused kernel memory: 632K (ffffa0b728d62000 - ffffa0b728e00000)
Linus says:
"I suspect we should just remove [the addresses in the 'Freeing'
messages]. I'm sure they are useful in theory, but I suspect they
were more useful back when the whole "free init memory" was
originally done.
These days, if we have a use-after-free, I suspect the init-mem
situation is the easiest situation by far. Compared to all the dynamic
allocations which are much more likely to show it anyway. So having
debug output for that case is likely not all that productive."
With this patch the freeing messages now look like this:
Freeing SMP alternatives memory: 32K
Freeing initrd memory: 10588K
Freeing unused kernel memory: 3592K
Freeing unused kernel memory: 1352K
Freeing unused kernel memory: 632K
Suggested-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Josh Poimboeuf <jpoimboe@redhat.com>
Cc: Andy Lutomirski <luto@kernel.org>
Cc: Borislav Petkov <bp@alien8.de>
Cc: Brian Gerst <brgerst@gmail.com>
Cc: Denys Vlasenko <dvlasenk@redhat.com>
Cc: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@zytor.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: linux-mm@kvack.org
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/6836ff90c45b71d38e5d4405aec56fa9e5d1d4b2.1477405374.git.jpoimboe@redhat.com
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
This patch unexports the low-level __get_user_pages() function.
Recent refactoring of the get_user_pages* functions allow flags to be
passed through get_user_pages() which eliminates the need for access to
this function from its one user, kvm.
We can see that the two calls to get_user_pages() which replace
__get_user_pages() in kvm_main.c are equivalent by examining their call
stacks:
get_user_page_nowait():
get_user_pages(start, 1, flags, page, NULL)
__get_user_pages_locked(current, current->mm, start, 1, page, NULL, NULL,
false, flags | FOLL_TOUCH)
__get_user_pages(current, current->mm, start, 1,
flags | FOLL_TOUCH | FOLL_GET, page, NULL, NULL)
check_user_page_hwpoison():
get_user_pages(addr, 1, flags, NULL, NULL)
__get_user_pages_locked(current, current->mm, addr, 1, NULL, NULL, NULL,
false, flags | FOLL_TOUCH)
__get_user_pages(current, current->mm, addr, 1, flags | FOLL_TOUCH, NULL,
NULL, NULL)
Signed-off-by: Lorenzo Stoakes <lstoakes@gmail.com>
Acked-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Pull vmap stack fixes from Ingo Molnar:
"This is fallout from CONFIG_HAVE_ARCH_VMAP_STACK=y on x86: stack
accesses that used to be just somewhat questionable are now totally
buggy.
These changes try to do it without breaking the ABI: the fields are
left there, they are just reporting zero, or reporting narrower
information (the maps file change)"
* 'mm-urgent-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip:
mm: Change vm_is_stack_for_task() to vm_is_stack_for_current()
fs/proc: Stop trying to report thread stacks
fs/proc: Stop reporting eip and esp in /proc/PID/stat
mm/numa: Remove duplicated include from mprotect.c
Asking for a non-current task's stack can't be done without races
unless the task is frozen in kernel mode. As far as I know,
vm_is_stack_for_task() never had a safe non-current use case.
The __unused annotation is because some KSTK_ESP implementations
ignore their parameter, which IMO is further justification for this
patch.
Signed-off-by: Andy Lutomirski <luto@kernel.org>
Acked-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Borislav Petkov <bp@alien8.de>
Cc: Brian Gerst <brgerst@gmail.com>
Cc: Jann Horn <jann@thejh.net>
Cc: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Linux API <linux-api@vger.kernel.org>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Tycho Andersen <tycho.andersen@canonical.com>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/4c3f68f426e6c061ca98b4fc7ef85ffbb0a25b0c.1475257877.git.luto@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
The percpu allocator expectedly assumes that the requested alignment
is power of two but hasn't been veryfing the input. If the specified
alignment isn't power of two, the allocator can malfunction. Add the
sanity check.
The following is detailed analysis of the effects of alignments which
aren't power of two.
The alignment must be a even at least since the LSB of a chunk->map
element is used as free/in-use flag of a area; besides, the alignment
must be a power of 2 too since ALIGN() doesn't work well for other
alignment always but is adopted by pcpu_fit_in_area(). IOW, the
current allocator only works well for a power of 2 aligned area
allocation.
See below opposite example for why an odd alignment doesn't work.
Let's assume area [16, 36) is free but its previous one is in-use, we
want to allocate a @size == 8 and @align == 7 area. The larger area
[16, 36) is split to three areas [16, 21), [21, 29), [29, 36)
eventually. However, due to the usage for a chunk->map element, the
actual offset of the aim area [21, 29) is 21 but is recorded in
relevant element as 20; moreover, the residual tail free area [29,
36) is mistook as in-use and is lost silently
Unlike macro roundup(), ALIGN(x, a) doesn't work if @a isn't a power
of 2 for example, roundup(10, 6) == 12 but ALIGN(10, 6) == 10, and
the latter result isn't desired obviously.
tj: Code style and patch description updates.
Signed-off-by: zijun_hu <zijun_hu@htc.com>
Suggested-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Merge the gup_flags cleanups from Lorenzo Stoakes:
"This patch series adjusts functions in the get_user_pages* family such
that desired FOLL_* flags are passed as an argument rather than
implied by flags.
The purpose of this change is to make the use of FOLL_FORCE explicit
so it is easier to grep for and clearer to callers that this flag is
being used. The use of FOLL_FORCE is an issue as it overrides missing
VM_READ/VM_WRITE flags for the VMA whose pages we are reading
from/writing to, which can result in surprising behaviour.
The patch series came out of the discussion around commit 38e0885465
("mm: check VMA flags to avoid invalid PROT_NONE NUMA balancing"),
which addressed a BUG_ON() being triggered when a page was faulted in
with PROT_NONE set but having been overridden by FOLL_FORCE.
do_numa_page() was run on the assumption the page _must_ be one marked
for NUMA node migration as an actual PROT_NONE page would have been
dealt with prior to this code path, however FOLL_FORCE introduced a
situation where this assumption did not hold.
See
https://marc.info/?l=linux-mm&m=147585445805166
for the patch proposal"
Additionally, there's a fix for an ancient bug related to FOLL_FORCE and
FOLL_WRITE by me.
[ This branch was rebased recently to add a few more acked-by's and
reviewed-by's ]
* gup_flag-cleanups:
mm: replace access_process_vm() write parameter with gup_flags
mm: replace access_remote_vm() write parameter with gup_flags
mm: replace __access_remote_vm() write parameter with gup_flags
mm: replace get_user_pages_remote() write/force parameters with gup_flags
mm: replace get_user_pages() write/force parameters with gup_flags
mm: replace get_vaddr_frames() write/force parameters with gup_flags
mm: replace get_user_pages_locked() write/force parameters with gup_flags
mm: replace get_user_pages_unlocked() write/force parameters with gup_flags
mm: remove write/force parameters from __get_user_pages_unlocked()
mm: remove write/force parameters from __get_user_pages_locked()
mm: remove gup_flags FOLL_WRITE games from __get_user_pages()
This removes the 'write' argument from access_process_vm() and replaces
it with 'gup_flags' as use of this function previously silently implied
FOLL_FORCE, whereas after this patch callers explicitly pass this flag.
We make this explicit as use of FOLL_FORCE can result in surprising
behaviour (and hence bugs) within the mm subsystem.
Signed-off-by: Lorenzo Stoakes <lstoakes@gmail.com>
Acked-by: Jesper Nilsson <jesper.nilsson@axis.com>
Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Acked-by: Michael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
This removes the 'write' argument from access_remote_vm() and replaces
it with 'gup_flags' as use of this function previously silently implied
FOLL_FORCE, whereas after this patch callers explicitly pass this flag.
We make this explicit as use of FOLL_FORCE can result in surprising
behaviour (and hence bugs) within the mm subsystem.
Signed-off-by: Lorenzo Stoakes <lstoakes@gmail.com>
Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
This removes the 'write' argument from __access_remote_vm() and replaces
it with 'gup_flags' as use of this function previously silently implied
FOLL_FORCE, whereas after this patch callers explicitly pass this flag.
We make this explicit as use of FOLL_FORCE can result in surprising
behaviour (and hence bugs) within the mm subsystem.
Signed-off-by: Lorenzo Stoakes <lstoakes@gmail.com>
Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
This removes the 'write' and 'force' from get_user_pages_remote() and
replaces them with 'gup_flags' to make the use of FOLL_FORCE explicit in
callers as use of this flag can result in surprising behaviour (and
hence bugs) within the mm subsystem.
Signed-off-by: Lorenzo Stoakes <lstoakes@gmail.com>
Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Reviewed-by: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
This removes the 'write' and 'force' from get_user_pages() and replaces
them with 'gup_flags' to make the use of FOLL_FORCE explicit in callers
as use of this flag can result in surprising behaviour (and hence bugs)
within the mm subsystem.
Signed-off-by: Lorenzo Stoakes <lstoakes@gmail.com>
Acked-by: Christian König <christian.koenig@amd.com>
Acked-by: Jesper Nilsson <jesper.nilsson@axis.com>
Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Reviewed-by: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
This removes the 'write' and 'force' from get_vaddr_frames() and
replaces them with 'gup_flags' to make the use of FOLL_FORCE explicit in
callers as use of this flag can result in surprising behaviour (and
hence bugs) within the mm subsystem.
Signed-off-by: Lorenzo Stoakes <lstoakes@gmail.com>
Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Reviewed-by: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
This removes the 'write' and 'force' use from get_user_pages_locked()
and replaces them with 'gup_flags' to make the use of FOLL_FORCE
explicit in callers as use of this flag can result in surprising
behaviour (and hence bugs) within the mm subsystem.
Signed-off-by: Lorenzo Stoakes <lstoakes@gmail.com>
Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Reviewed-by: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
This removes the 'write' and 'force' use from get_user_pages_unlocked()
and replaces them with 'gup_flags' to make the use of FOLL_FORCE
explicit in callers as use of this flag can result in surprising
behaviour (and hence bugs) within the mm subsystem.
Signed-off-by: Lorenzo Stoakes <lstoakes@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
This removes the redundant 'write' and 'force' parameters from
__get_user_pages_unlocked() to make the use of FOLL_FORCE explicit in
callers as use of this flag can result in surprising behaviour (and
hence bugs) within the mm subsystem.
Signed-off-by: Lorenzo Stoakes <lstoakes@gmail.com>
Acked-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
This removes the redundant 'write' and 'force' parameters from
__get_user_pages_locked() to make the use of FOLL_FORCE explicit in
callers as use of this flag can result in surprising behaviour (and
hence bugs) within the mm subsystem.
Signed-off-by: Lorenzo Stoakes <lstoakes@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
This is an ancient bug that was actually attempted to be fixed once
(badly) by me eleven years ago in commit 4ceb5db975 ("Fix
get_user_pages() race for write access") but that was then undone due to
problems on s390 by commit f33ea7f404 ("fix get_user_pages bug").
In the meantime, the s390 situation has long been fixed, and we can now
fix it by checking the pte_dirty() bit properly (and do it better). The
s390 dirty bit was implemented in abf09bed3c ("s390/mm: implement
software dirty bits") which made it into v3.9. Earlier kernels will
have to look at the page state itself.
Also, the VM has become more scalable, and what used a purely
theoretical race back then has become easier to trigger.
To fix it, we introduce a new internal FOLL_COW flag to mark the "yes,
we already did a COW" rather than play racy games with FOLL_WRITE that
is very fundamental, and then use the pte dirty flag to validate that
the FOLL_COW flag is still valid.
Reported-and-tested-by: Phil "not Paul" Oester <kernel@linuxace.com>
Acked-by: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Reviewed-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Cc: Andy Lutomirski <luto@kernel.org>
Cc: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Cc: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Cc: Willy Tarreau <w@1wt.eu>
Cc: Nick Piggin <npiggin@gmail.com>
Cc: Greg Thelen <gthelen@google.com>
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
extract as much possible uncertainty from a running system at boot time as
possible, hoping to capitalize on any possible variation in CPU operation
(due to runtime data differences, hardware differences, SMP ordering,
thermal timing variation, cache behavior, etc).
At the very least, this plugin is a much more comprehensive example for
how to manipulate kernel code using the gcc plugin internals.
-----BEGIN PGP SIGNATURE-----
Version: GnuPG v1
Comment: Kees Cook <kees@outflux.net>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=1dUK
-----END PGP SIGNATURE-----
Merge tag 'gcc-plugins-v4.9-rc1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/kees/linux
Pull gcc plugins update from Kees Cook:
"This adds a new gcc plugin named "latent_entropy". It is designed to
extract as much possible uncertainty from a running system at boot
time as possible, hoping to capitalize on any possible variation in
CPU operation (due to runtime data differences, hardware differences,
SMP ordering, thermal timing variation, cache behavior, etc).
At the very least, this plugin is a much more comprehensive example
for how to manipulate kernel code using the gcc plugin internals"
* tag 'gcc-plugins-v4.9-rc1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/kees/linux:
latent_entropy: Mark functions with __latent_entropy
gcc-plugins: Add latent_entropy plugin
Pull percpu updates from Tejun Heo:
- Nick improved generic implementations of percpu operations which
modify the variable and return so that they calculate the physical
address only once.
- percpu_ref percpu <-> atomic mode switching improvements. The
patchset was originally posted about a year ago but fell through the
crack.
- misc non-critical fixes.
* 'for-4.9' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tj/percpu:
mm/percpu.c: fix potential memory leakage for pcpu_embed_first_chunk()
mm/percpu.c: correct max_distance calculation for pcpu_embed_first_chunk()
percpu: eliminate two sparse warnings
percpu: improve generic percpu modify-return implementation
percpu-refcount: init ->confirm_switch member properly
percpu_ref: allow operation mode switching operations to be called concurrently
percpu_ref: restructure operation mode switching
percpu_ref: unify staggered atomic switching wait behavior
percpu_ref: reorganize __percpu_ref_switch_to_atomic() and relocate percpu_ref_switch_to_atomic()
percpu_ref: remove unnecessary RCU grace period for staggered atomic switching confirmation
This affectively reverts commit 377ccbb483 ("Makefile: Mute warning
for __builtin_return_address(>0) for tracing only") because it turns out
that it really isn't tracing only - it's all over the tree.
We already also had the warning disabled separately for mm/usercopy.c
(which this commit also removes), and it turns out that we will also
want to disable it for get_lock_parent_ip(), that is used for at least
TRACE_IRQFLAGS. Which (when enabled) ends up being all over the tree.
Steven Rostedt had a patch that tried to limit it to just the config
options that actually triggered this, but quite frankly, the extra
complexity and abstraction just isn't worth it. We have never actually
had a case where the warning is actually useful, so let's just disable
it globally and not worry about it.
Acked-by: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Cc: Peter Anvin <hpa@zytor.com>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Some of the kmemleak_*() callbacks in memblock, bootmem, CMA convert a
physical address to a virtual one using __va(). However, such physical
addresses may sometimes be located in highmem and using __va() is
incorrect, leading to inconsistent object tracking in kmemleak.
The following functions have been added to the kmemleak API and they take
a physical address as the object pointer. They only perform the
corresponding action if the address has a lowmem mapping:
kmemleak_alloc_phys
kmemleak_free_part_phys
kmemleak_not_leak_phys
kmemleak_ignore_phys
The affected calling places have been updated to use the new kmemleak
API.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1471531432-16503-1-git-send-email-catalin.marinas@arm.com
Signed-off-by: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Reported-by: Vignesh R <vigneshr@ti.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Pull more vfs updates from Al Viro:
">rename2() work from Miklos + current_time() from Deepa"
* 'for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/viro/vfs:
fs: Replace current_fs_time() with current_time()
fs: Replace CURRENT_TIME_SEC with current_time() for inode timestamps
fs: Replace CURRENT_TIME with current_time() for inode timestamps
fs: proc: Delete inode time initializations in proc_alloc_inode()
vfs: Add current_time() api
vfs: add note about i_op->rename changes to porting
fs: rename "rename2" i_op to "rename"
vfs: remove unused i_op->rename
fs: make remaining filesystems use .rename2
libfs: support RENAME_NOREPLACE in simple_rename()
fs: support RENAME_NOREPLACE for local filesystems
ncpfs: fix unused variable warning
Pull vfs xattr updates from Al Viro:
"xattr stuff from Andreas
This completes the switch to xattr_handler ->get()/->set() from
->getxattr/->setxattr/->removexattr"
* 'work.xattr' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/viro/vfs:
vfs: Remove {get,set,remove}xattr inode operations
xattr: Stop calling {get,set,remove}xattr inode operations
vfs: Check for the IOP_XATTR flag in listxattr
xattr: Add __vfs_{get,set,remove}xattr helpers
libfs: Use IOP_XATTR flag for empty directory handling
vfs: Use IOP_XATTR flag for bad-inode handling
vfs: Add IOP_XATTR inode operations flag
vfs: Move xattr_resolve_name to the front of fs/xattr.c
ecryptfs: Switch to generic xattr handlers
sockfs: Get rid of getxattr iop
sockfs: getxattr: Fail with -EOPNOTSUPP for invalid attribute names
kernfs: Switch to generic xattr handlers
hfs: Switch to generic xattr handlers
jffs2: Remove jffs2_{get,set,remove}xattr macros
xattr: Remove unnecessary NULL attribute name check
The __latent_entropy gcc attribute can be used only on functions and
variables. If it is on a function then the plugin will instrument it for
gathering control-flow entropy. If the attribute is on a variable then
the plugin will initialize it with random contents. The variable must
be an integer, an integer array type or a structure with integer fields.
These specific functions have been selected because they are init
functions (to help gather boot-time entropy), are called at unpredictable
times, or they have variable loops, each of which provide some level of
latent entropy.
Signed-off-by: Emese Revfy <re.emese@gmail.com>
[kees: expanded commit message]
Signed-off-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
This adds a new gcc plugin named "latent_entropy". It is designed to
extract as much possible uncertainty from a running system at boot time as
possible, hoping to capitalize on any possible variation in CPU operation
(due to runtime data differences, hardware differences, SMP ordering,
thermal timing variation, cache behavior, etc).
At the very least, this plugin is a much more comprehensive example for
how to manipulate kernel code using the gcc plugin internals.
The need for very-early boot entropy tends to be very architecture or
system design specific, so this plugin is more suited for those sorts
of special cases. The existing kernel RNG already attempts to extract
entropy from reliable runtime variation, but this plugin takes the idea to
a logical extreme by permuting a global variable based on any variation
in code execution (e.g. a different value (and permutation function)
is used to permute the global based on loop count, case statement,
if/then/else branching, etc).
To do this, the plugin starts by inserting a local variable in every
marked function. The plugin then adds logic so that the value of this
variable is modified by randomly chosen operations (add, xor and rol) and
random values (gcc generates separate static values for each location at
compile time and also injects the stack pointer at runtime). The resulting
value depends on the control flow path (e.g., loops and branches taken).
Before the function returns, the plugin mixes this local variable into
the latent_entropy global variable. The value of this global variable
is added to the kernel entropy pool in do_one_initcall() and _do_fork(),
though it does not credit any bytes of entropy to the pool; the contents
of the global are just used to mix the pool.
Additionally, the plugin can pre-initialize arrays with build-time
random contents, so that two different kernel builds running on identical
hardware will not have the same starting values.
Signed-off-by: Emese Revfy <re.emese@gmail.com>
[kees: expanded commit message and code comments]
Signed-off-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Pull splice fixups from Al Viro:
"A couple of fixups for interaction of pipe-backed iov_iter with
O_DIRECT reads + constification of a couple of primitives in uio.h
missed by previous rounds.
Kudos to davej - his fuzzing has caught those bugs"
* 'work.splice_read' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/viro/vfs:
[btrfs] fix check_direct_IO() for non-iovec iterators
constify iov_iter_count() and iter_is_iovec()
fix ITER_PIPE interaction with direct_IO
Pull misc vfs updates from Al Viro:
"Assorted misc bits and pieces.
There are several single-topic branches left after this (rename2
series from Miklos, current_time series from Deepa Dinamani, xattr
series from Andreas, uaccess stuff from from me) and I'd prefer to
send those separately"
* 'work.misc' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/viro/vfs: (39 commits)
proc: switch auxv to use of __mem_open()
hpfs: support FIEMAP
cifs: get rid of unused arguments of CIFSSMBWrite()
posix_acl: uapi header split
posix_acl: xattr representation cleanups
fs/aio.c: eliminate redundant loads in put_aio_ring_file
fs/internal.h: add const to ns_dentry_operations declaration
compat: remove compat_printk()
fs/buffer.c: make __getblk_slow() static
proc: unsigned file descriptors
fs/file: more unsigned file descriptors
fs: compat: remove redundant check of nr_segs
cachefiles: Fix attempt to read i_blocks after deleting file [ver #2]
cifs: don't use memcpy() to copy struct iov_iter
get rid of separate multipage fault-in primitives
fs: Avoid premature clearing of capabilities
fs: Give dentry to inode_change_ok() instead of inode
fuse: Propagate dentry down to inode_change_ok()
ceph: Propagate dentry down to inode_change_ok()
xfs: Propagate dentry down to inode_change_ok()
...
Pull protection keys syscall interface from Thomas Gleixner:
"This is the final step of Protection Keys support which adds the
syscalls so user space can actually allocate keys and protect memory
areas with them. Details and usage examples can be found in the
documentation.
The mm side of this has been acked by Mel"
* 'mm-pkeys-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip:
x86/pkeys: Update documentation
x86/mm/pkeys: Do not skip PKRU register if debug registers are not used
x86/pkeys: Fix pkeys build breakage for some non-x86 arches
x86/pkeys: Add self-tests
x86/pkeys: Allow configuration of init_pkru
x86/pkeys: Default to a restrictive init PKRU
pkeys: Add details of system call use to Documentation/
generic syscalls: Wire up memory protection keys syscalls
x86: Wire up protection keys system calls
x86/pkeys: Allocation/free syscalls
x86/pkeys: Make mprotect_key() mask off additional vm_flags
mm: Implement new pkey_mprotect() system call
x86/pkeys: Add fault handling for PF_PK page fault bit
by making sure we call iov_iter_advance() on original
iov_iter even if direct_IO (done on its copy) has returned 0.
It's a no-op for old iov_iter flavours and does the right thing
(== truncation of the stuff we'd allocated, but not filled) in
ITER_PIPE case. Failures (e.g. -EIO) get caught and dealt with
by cleanup in generic_file_read_iter().
Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Merge updates from Andrew Morton:
- fsnotify updates
- ocfs2 updates
- all of MM
* emailed patches from Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>: (127 commits)
console: don't prefer first registered if DT specifies stdout-path
cred: simpler, 1D supplementary groups
CREDITS: update Pavel's information, add GPG key, remove snail mail address
mailmap: add Johan Hovold
.gitattributes: set git diff driver for C source code files
uprobes: remove function declarations from arch/{mips,s390}
spelling.txt: "modeled" is spelt correctly
nmi_backtrace: generate one-line reports for idle cpus
arch/tile: adopt the new nmi_backtrace framework
nmi_backtrace: do a local dump_stack() instead of a self-NMI
nmi_backtrace: add more trigger_*_cpu_backtrace() methods
min/max: remove sparse warnings when they're nested
Documentation/filesystems/proc.txt: add more description for maps/smaps
mm, proc: fix region lost in /proc/self/smaps
proc: fix timerslack_ns CAP_SYS_NICE check when adjusting self
proc: add LSM hook checks to /proc/<tid>/timerslack_ns
proc: relax /proc/<tid>/timerslack_ns capability requirements
meminfo: break apart a very long seq_printf with #ifdefs
seq/proc: modify seq_put_decimal_[u]ll to take a const char *, not char
proc: faster /proc/*/status
...
These inode operations are no longer used; remove them.
Signed-off-by: Andreas Gruenbacher <agruenba@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Allow some seq_puts removals by taking a string instead of a single
char.
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: update vmstat_show(), per Joe]
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/667e1cf3d436de91a5698170a1e98d882905e956.1470704995.git.joe@perches.com
Signed-off-by: Joe Perches <joe@perches.com>
Cc: Joe Perches <joe@perches.com>
Cc: Andi Kleen <andi@firstfloor.org>
Cc: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
When the huge page is added to the page cahce (huge_add_to_page_cache),
the page private flag will be cleared. since this code
(remove_inode_hugepages) will only be called for pages in the page
cahce, PagePrivate(page) will always be false.
The patch remove the code without any functional change.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1475113323-29368-1-git-send-email-zhongjiang@huawei.com
Signed-off-by: zhong jiang <zhongjiang@huawei.com>
Reviewed-by: Naoya Horiguchi <n-horiguchi@ah.jp.nec.com>
Reviewed-by: Mike Kravetz <mike.kravetz@oracle.com>
Tested-by: Mike Kravetz <mike.kravetz@oracle.com>
Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Currently we do warn only about allocation failures but small
allocations are basically nofail and they might loop in the page
allocator for a long time. Especially when the reclaim cannot make any
progress - e.g. GFP_NOFS cannot invoke the oom killer and rely on a
different context to make a forward progress in case there is a lot
memory used by filesystems.
Give us at least a clue when something like this happens and warn about
allocations which take more than 10s. Print the basic allocation
context information along with the cumulative time spent in the
allocation as well as the allocation stack. Repeat the warning after
every 10 seconds so that we know that the problem is permanent rather
than ephemeral.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20160929084407.7004-3-mhocko@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Cc: Tetsuo Handa <penguin-kernel@I-love.SAKURA.ne.jp>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Cc: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
warn_alloc_failed is currently used from the page and vmalloc
allocators. This is a good reuse of the code except that vmalloc would
appreciate a slightly different warning message. This is already
handled by the fmt parameter except that
"%s: page allocation failure: order:%u, mode:%#x(%pGg)"
is printed anyway. This might be quite misleading because it might be a
vmalloc failure which leads to the warning while the page allocator is
not the culprit here. Fix this by always using the fmt string and only
print the context that makes sense for the particular context (e.g.
order makes only very little sense for the vmalloc context).
Rename the function to not miss any user and also because a later patch
will reuse it also for !failure cases.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20160929084407.7004-2-mhocko@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Acked-by: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Cc: Tetsuo Handa <penguin-kernel@I-love.SAKURA.ne.jp>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Cc: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
We triggered a deadloop in truncate_inode_pages_range() on 32 bits
architecture with the test case bellow:
...
fd = open();
write(fd, buf, 4096);
preadv64(fd, &iovec, 1, 0xffffffff000);
ftruncate(fd, 0);
...
Then ftruncate() will not return forever.
The filesystem used in this case is ubifs, but it can be triggered on
many other filesystems.
When preadv64() is called with offset=0xffffffff000, a page with
index=0xffffffff will be added to the radix tree of ->mapping. Then
this page can be found in ->mapping with pagevec_lookup(). After that,
truncate_inode_pages_range(), which is called in ftruncate(), will fall
into an infinite loop:
- find a page with index=0xffffffff, since index>=end, this page won't
be truncated
- index++, and index become 0
- the page with index=0xffffffff will be found again
The data type of index is unsigned long, so index won't overflow to 0 on
64 bits architecture in this case, and the dead loop won't happen.
Since truncate_inode_pages_range() is executed with holding lock of
inode->i_rwsem, any operation related with this lock will be blocked,
and a hung task will happen, e.g.:
INFO: task truncate_test:3364 blocked for more than 120 seconds.
...
call_rwsem_down_write_failed+0x17/0x30
generic_file_write_iter+0x32/0x1c0
ubifs_write_iter+0xcc/0x170
__vfs_write+0xc4/0x120
vfs_write+0xb2/0x1b0
SyS_write+0x46/0xa0
The page with index=0xffffffff added to ->mapping is useless. Fix this
by checking the read position before allocating pages.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1475151010-40166-1-git-send-email-fangwei1@huawei.com
Signed-off-by: Wei Fang <fangwei1@huawei.com>
Cc: Christoph Hellwig <hch@infradead.org>
Cc: Dave Chinner <david@fromorbit.com>
Cc: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Avoid making ifdef get pretty unwieldy if many ARCHs support gigantic
page. No functional change with this patch.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1475227569-63446-2-git-send-email-xieyisheng1@huawei.com
Signed-off-by: Yisheng Xie <xieyisheng1@huawei.com>
Suggested-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Acked-by: Naoya Horiguchi <n-horiguchi@ah.jp.nec.com>
Acked-by: Hillf Danton <hillf.zj@alibaba-inc.com>
Cc: Hanjun Guo <guohanjun@huawei.com>
Cc: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
Cc: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@intel.com>
Cc: Sudeep Holla <sudeep.holla@arm.com>
Cc: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Cc: Mark Rutland <mark.rutland@arm.com>
Cc: Rob Herring <robh+dt@kernel.org>
Cc: Mike Kravetz <mike.kravetz@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
We have received a hard to explain oom report from a customer. The oom
triggered regardless there is a lot of free memory:
PoolThread invoked oom-killer: gfp_mask=0x280da, order=0, oom_adj=0, oom_score_adj=0
PoolThread cpuset=/ mems_allowed=0-7
Pid: 30055, comm: PoolThread Tainted: G E X 3.0.101-80-default #1
Call Trace:
dump_trace+0x75/0x300
dump_stack+0x69/0x6f
dump_header+0x8e/0x110
oom_kill_process+0xa6/0x350
out_of_memory+0x2b7/0x310
__alloc_pages_slowpath+0x7dd/0x820
__alloc_pages_nodemask+0x1e9/0x200
alloc_pages_vma+0xe1/0x290
do_anonymous_page+0x13e/0x300
do_page_fault+0x1fd/0x4c0
page_fault+0x25/0x30
[...]
active_anon:1135959151 inactive_anon:1051962 isolated_anon:0
active_file:13093 inactive_file:222506 isolated_file:0
unevictable:262144 dirty:2 writeback:0 unstable:0
free:432672819 slab_reclaimable:7917 slab_unreclaimable:95308
mapped:261139 shmem:166297 pagetables:2228282 bounce:0
[...]
Node 0 DMA free:15896kB min:0kB low:0kB high:0kB active_anon:0kB inactive_anon:0kB active_file:0kB inactive_file:0kB unevictable:0kB isolated(anon):0kB isolated(file):0kB present:15672kB mlocked:0kB dirty:0kB writeback:0kB mapped:0kB shmem:0kB slab_reclaimable:0kB slab_unreclaimable:0kB kernel_stack:0kB pagetables:0kB unstable:0kB bounce:0kB writeback_tmp:0kB pages_scanned:0 all_unreclaimable? yes
lowmem_reserve[]: 0 2892 775542 775542
Node 0 DMA32 free:2783784kB min:28kB low:32kB high:40kB active_anon:0kB inactive_anon:0kB active_file:0kB inactive_file:0kB unevictable:0kB isolated(anon):0kB isolated(file):0kB present:2961572kB mlocked:0kB dirty:0kB writeback:0kB mapped:0kB shmem:0kB slab_reclaimable:0kB slab_unreclaimable:0kB kernel_stack:0kB pagetables:0kB unstable:0kB bounce:0kB writeback_tmp:0kB pages_scanned:0 all_unreclaimable? yes
lowmem_reserve[]: 0 0 772650 772650
Node 0 Normal free:8120kB min:8160kB low:10200kB high:12240kB active_anon:779334960kB inactive_anon:2198744kB active_file:0kB inactive_file:180kB unevictable:131072kB isolated(anon):0kB isolated(file):0kB present:791193600kB mlocked:131072kB dirty:0kB writeback:0kB mapped:372940kB shmem:361480kB slab_reclaimable:4536kB slab_unreclaimable:68472kB kernel_stack:10104kB pagetables:1414820kB unstable:0kB bounce:0kB writeback_tmp:0kB pages_scanned:2280 all_unreclaimable? yes
lowmem_reserve[]: 0 0 0 0
Node 1 Normal free:476718144kB min:8192kB low:10240kB high:12288kB active_anon:307623696kB inactive_anon:283620kB active_file:10392kB inactive_file:69908kB unevictable:131072kB isolated(anon):0kB isolated(file):0kB present:794296320kB mlocked:131072kB dirty:4kB writeback:0kB mapped:257208kB shmem:189896kB slab_reclaimable:3868kB slab_unreclaimable:44756kB kernel_stack:1848kB pagetables:1369432kB unstable:0kB bounce:0kB writeback_tmp:0kB pages_scanned:0 all_unreclaimable? no
lowmem_reserve[]: 0 0 0 0
Node 2 Normal free:386002452kB min:8192kB low:10240kB high:12288kB active_anon:398563752kB inactive_anon:68184kB active_file:10292kB inactive_file:29936kB unevictable:131072kB isolated(anon):0kB isolated(file):0kB present:794296320kB mlocked:131072kB dirty:0kB writeback:0kB mapped:32084kB shmem:776kB slab_reclaimable:6888kB slab_unreclaimable:60056kB kernel_stack:8208kB pagetables:1282880kB unstable:0kB bounce:0kB writeback_tmp:0kB pages_scanned:0 all_unreclaimable? no
lowmem_reserve[]: 0 0 0 0
Node 3 Normal free:196406760kB min:8192kB low:10240kB high:12288kB active_anon:587445640kB inactive_anon:164396kB active_file:5716kB inactive_file:709844kB unevictable:131072kB isolated(anon):0kB isolated(file):0kB present:794296320kB mlocked:131072kB dirty:0kB writeback:0kB mapped:291776kB shmem:111416kB slab_reclaimable:5152kB slab_unreclaimable:44516kB kernel_stack:2168kB pagetables:1455956kB unstable:0kB bounce:0kB writeback_tmp:0kB pages_scanned:0 all_unreclaimable? no
lowmem_reserve[]: 0 0 0 0
Node 4 Normal free:425338880kB min:8192kB low:10240kB high:12288kB active_anon:359695204kB inactive_anon:43216kB active_file:5748kB inactive_file:14772kB unevictable:131072kB isolated(anon):0kB isolated(file):0kB present:794296320kB mlocked:131072kB dirty:0kB writeback:0kB mapped:24708kB shmem:1120kB slab_reclaimable:1884kB slab_unreclaimable:41060kB kernel_stack:1856kB pagetables:1100208kB unstable:0kB bounce:0kB writeback_tmp:0kB pages_scanned:0 all_unreclaimable? no
lowmem_reserve[]: 0 0 0 0
Node 5 Normal free:11140kB min:8192kB low:10240kB high:12288kB active_anon:784240872kB inactive_anon:1217164kB active_file:28kB inactive_file:48kB unevictable:131072kB isolated(anon):0kB isolated(file):0kB present:794296320kB mlocked:131072kB dirty:0kB writeback:0kB mapped:11408kB shmem:0kB slab_reclaimable:2008kB slab_unreclaimable:49220kB kernel_stack:1360kB pagetables:531600kB unstable:0kB bounce:0kB writeback_tmp:0kB pages_scanned:1202 all_unreclaimable? yes
lowmem_reserve[]: 0 0 0 0
Node 6 Normal free:243395332kB min:8192kB low:10240kB high:12288kB active_anon:542015544kB inactive_anon:40208kB active_file:968kB inactive_file:8484kB unevictable:131072kB isolated(anon):0kB isolated(file):0kB present:794296320kB mlocked:131072kB dirty:0kB writeback:0kB mapped:19992kB shmem:496kB slab_reclaimable:1672kB slab_unreclaimable:37052kB kernel_stack:2088kB pagetables:750264kB unstable:0kB bounce:0kB writeback_tmp:0kB pages_scanned:0 all_unreclaimable? no
lowmem_reserve[]: 0 0 0 0
Node 7 Normal free:10768kB min:8192kB low:10240kB high:12288kB active_anon:784916936kB inactive_anon:192316kB active_file:19228kB inactive_file:56852kB unevictable:131072kB isolated(anon):0kB isolated(file):0kB present:794296320kB mlocked:131072kB dirty:4kB writeback:0kB mapped:34440kB shmem:4kB slab_reclaimable:5660kB slab_unreclaimable:36100kB kernel_stack:1328kB pagetables:1007968kB unstable:0kB bounce:0kB writeback_tmp:0kB pages_scanned:0 all_unreclaimable? no
lowmem_reserve[]: 0 0 0 0
So all nodes but Node 0 have a lot of free memory which should suggest
that there is an available memory especially when mems_allowed=0-7. One
could speculate that a massive process has managed to terminate and free
up a lot of memory while racing with the above allocation request.
Although this is highly unlikely it cannot be ruled out.
A further debugging, however shown that the faulting process had
mempolicy (not cpuset) to bind to Node 0. We cannot see that
information from the report though. mems_allowed turned out to be more
confusing than really helpful.
Fix this by always priting the nodemask. It is either mempolicy mask
(and non-null) or the one defined by the cpusets. The new output for
the above oom report would be
PoolThread invoked oom-killer: gfp_mask=0x280da(GFP_HIGHUSER_MOVABLE|__GFP_ZERO), nodemask=0, order=0, oom_adj=0, oom_score_adj=0
This patch doesn't touch show_mem and the node filtering based on the
cpuset node mask because mempolicy is always a subset of cpusets and
seeing the full cpuset oom context might be helpful for tunning more
specific mempolicies inside cpusets (e.g. when they turn out to be too
restrictive). To prevent from ugly ifdefs the mask is printed even for
!NUMA configurations but this should be OK (a single node will be
printed).
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20160930214146.28600-1-mhocko@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Reported-by: Sellami Abdelkader <abdelkader.sellami@sap.com>
Acked-by: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Sellami Abdelkader <abdelkader.sellami@sap.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
The old code was always doing:
vma->vm_end = next->vm_end
vma_rb_erase(next) // in __vma_unlink
vma->vm_next = next->vm_next // in __vma_unlink
next = vma->vm_next
vma_gap_update(next)
The new code still does the above for remove_next == 1 and 2, but for
remove_next == 3 it has been changed and it does:
next->vm_start = vma->vm_start
vma_rb_erase(vma) // in __vma_unlink
vma_gap_update(next)
In the latter case, while unlinking "vma", validate_mm_rb() is told to
ignore "vma" that is being removed, but next->vm_start was reduced
instead. So for the new case, to avoid the false positive from
validate_mm_rb, it should be "next" that is ignored when "vma" is
being unlinked.
"vma" and "next" in the above comment, considered pre-swap().
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1474492522-2261-4-git-send-email-aarcange@redhat.com
Signed-off-by: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Tested-by: Shaun Tancheff <shaun.tancheff@seagate.com>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@techsingularity.net>
Cc: Jan Vorlicek <janvorli@microsoft.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
The cases are three not two.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1474492522-2261-3-git-send-email-aarcange@redhat.com
Signed-off-by: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@techsingularity.net>
Cc: Jan Vorlicek <janvorli@microsoft.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
If next would be NULL we couldn't reach such code path.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1474309513-20313-2-git-send-email-aarcange@redhat.com
Signed-off-by: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@techsingularity.net>
Cc: Jan Vorlicek <janvorli@microsoft.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
The rmap_walk can access vm_page_prot (and potentially vm_flags in the
pte/pmd manipulations). So it's not safe to wait the caller to update
the vm_page_prot/vm_flags after vma_merge returned potentially removing
the "next" vma and extending the "current" vma over the
next->vm_start,vm_end range, but still with the "current" vma
vm_page_prot, after releasing the rmap locks.
The vm_page_prot/vm_flags must be transferred from the "next" vma to the
current vma while vma_merge still holds the rmap locks.
The side effect of this race condition is pte corruption during migrate
as remove_migration_ptes when run on a address of the "next" vma that
got removed, used the vm_page_prot of the current vma.
migrate mprotect
------------ -------------
migrating in "next" vma
vma_merge() # removes "next" vma and
# extends "current" vma
# current vma is not with
# vm_page_prot updated
remove_migration_ptes
read vm_page_prot of current "vma"
establish pte with wrong permissions
vm_set_page_prot(vma) # too late!
change_protection in the old vma range
only, next range is not updated
This caused segmentation faults and potentially memory corruption in
heavy mprotect loads with some light page migration caused by compaction
in the background.
Hugh Dickins pointed out the comment about the Odd case 8 in vma_merge
which confirms the case 8 is only buggy one where the race can trigger,
in all other vma_merge cases the above cannot happen.
This fix removes the oddness factor from case 8 and it converts it from:
AAAA
PPPPNNNNXXXX -> PPPPNNNNNNNN
to:
AAAA
PPPPNNNNXXXX -> PPPPXXXXXXXX
XXXX has the right vma properties for the whole merged vma returned by
vma_adjust, so it solves the problem fully. It has the added benefits
that the callers could stop updating vma properties when vma_merge
succeeds however the callers are not updated by this patch (there are
bits like VM_SOFTDIRTY that still need special care for the whole range,
as the vma merging ignores them, but as long as they're not processed by
rmap walks and instead they're accessed with the mmap_sem at least for
reading, they are fine not to be updated within vma_adjust before
releasing the rmap_locks).
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1474309513-20313-1-git-send-email-aarcange@redhat.com
Signed-off-by: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Reported-by: Aditya Mandaleeka <adityam@microsoft.com>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@techsingularity.net>
Cc: Jan Vorlicek <janvorli@microsoft.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
mm->highest_vm_end doesn't need any update.
After finally removing the oddness from vma_merge case 8 that was
causing:
1) constant risk of trouble whenever anybody would check vma fields
from rmap_walks, like it happened when page migration was
introduced and it read the vma->vm_page_prot from a rmap_walk
2) the callers of vma_merge to re-initialize any value different from
the current vma, instead of vma_merge() more reliably returning a
vma that already matches all fields passed as parameter
.. it is also worth to take the opportunity of cleaning up superfluous
code in vma_adjust(), that if not removed adds up to the hard
readability of the function.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1474492522-2261-5-git-send-email-aarcange@redhat.com
Signed-off-by: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@techsingularity.net>
Cc: Jan Vorlicek <janvorli@microsoft.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
vma->vm_page_prot is read lockless from the rmap_walk, it may be updated
concurrently and this prevents the risk of reading intermediate values.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1474660305-19222-1-git-send-email-aarcange@redhat.com
Signed-off-by: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@techsingularity.net>
Cc: Jan Vorlicek <janvorli@microsoft.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
According to Hugh's suggestion, alloc_stable_node() with GFP_KERNEL can
in rare cases cause a hung task warning.
At present, if alloc_stable_node() allocation fails, two break_cows may
want to allocate a couple of pages, and the issue will come up when free
memory is under pressure.
We fix it by adding __GFP_HIGH to GFP, to grant access to memory
reserves, increasing the likelihood of allocation success.
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: tweak comment]
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1474354484-58233-1-git-send-email-zhongjiang@huawei.com
Signed-off-by: zhong jiang <zhongjiang@huawei.com>
Suggested-by: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Acked-by: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
For every pfn aligned to minimum_order, dissolve_free_huge_pages() will
call dissolve_free_huge_page() which takes the hugetlb spinlock, even if
the page is not huge at all or a hugepage that is in-use.
Improve this by doing the PageHuge() and page_count() checks already in
dissolve_free_huge_pages() before calling dissolve_free_huge_page(). In
dissolve_free_huge_page(), when holding the spinlock, those checks need
to be revalidated.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20160926172811.94033-4-gerald.schaefer@de.ibm.com
Signed-off-by: Gerald Schaefer <gerald.schaefer@de.ibm.com>
Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Acked-by: Naoya Horiguchi <n-horiguchi@ah.jp.nec.com>
Cc: "Kirill A . Shutemov" <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Cc: Mike Kravetz <mike.kravetz@oracle.com>
Cc: "Aneesh Kumar K . V" <aneesh.kumar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Martin Schwidefsky <schwidefsky@de.ibm.com>
Cc: Heiko Carstens <heiko.carstens@de.ibm.com>
Cc: Rui Teng <rui.teng@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
In dissolve_free_huge_pages(), free hugepages will be dissolved without
making sure that there are enough of them left to satisfy hugepage
reservations.
Fix this by adding a return value to dissolve_free_huge_pages() and
checking h->free_huge_pages vs. h->resv_huge_pages. Note that this may
lead to the situation where dissolve_free_huge_page() returns an error
and all free hugepages that were dissolved before that error are lost,
while the memory block still cannot be set offline.
Fixes: c8721bbb ("mm: memory-hotplug: enable memory hotplug to handle hugepage")
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20160926172811.94033-3-gerald.schaefer@de.ibm.com
Signed-off-by: Gerald Schaefer <gerald.schaefer@de.ibm.com>
Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Acked-by: Naoya Horiguchi <n-horiguchi@ah.jp.nec.com>
Cc: "Kirill A . Shutemov" <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Cc: Mike Kravetz <mike.kravetz@oracle.com>
Cc: "Aneesh Kumar K . V" <aneesh.kumar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Martin Schwidefsky <schwidefsky@de.ibm.com>
Cc: Heiko Carstens <heiko.carstens@de.ibm.com>
Cc: Rui Teng <rui.teng@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Patch series "mm/hugetlb: memory offline issues with hugepages", v4.
This addresses several issues with hugepages and memory offline. While
the first patch fixes a panic, and is therefore rather important, the
last patch is just a performance optimization.
The second patch fixes a theoretical issue with reserved hugepages,
while still leaving some ugly usability issue, see description.
This patch (of 3):
dissolve_free_huge_pages() will either run into the VM_BUG_ON() or a
list corruption and addressing exception when trying to set a memory
block offline that is part (but not the first part) of a "gigantic"
hugetlb page with a size > memory block size.
When no other smaller hugetlb page sizes are present, the VM_BUG_ON()
will trigger directly. In the other case we will run into an addressing
exception later, because dissolve_free_huge_page() will not work on the
head page of the compound hugetlb page which will result in a NULL
hstate from page_hstate().
To fix this, first remove the VM_BUG_ON() because it is wrong, and then
use the compound head page in dissolve_free_huge_page(). This means
that an unused pre-allocated gigantic page that has any part of itself
inside the memory block that is going offline will be dissolved
completely. Losing an unused gigantic hugepage is preferable to failing
the memory offline, for example in the situation where a (possibly
faulty) memory DIMM needs to go offline.
Fixes: c8721bbb ("mm: memory-hotplug: enable memory hotplug to handle hugepage")
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20160926172811.94033-2-gerald.schaefer@de.ibm.com
Signed-off-by: Gerald Schaefer <gerald.schaefer@de.ibm.com>
Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Acked-by: Naoya Horiguchi <n-horiguchi@ah.jp.nec.com>
Cc: "Kirill A . Shutemov" <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Cc: Mike Kravetz <mike.kravetz@oracle.com>
Cc: "Aneesh Kumar K . V" <aneesh.kumar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Martin Schwidefsky <schwidefsky@de.ibm.com>
Cc: Heiko Carstens <heiko.carstens@de.ibm.com>
Cc: Rui Teng <rui.teng@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@linux.intel.com>
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Commit b4def3509d ("mm, nobootmem: clean-up of free_low_memory_core_early()")
removed the unnecessary nodeid argument, after that, this comment
becomes more confused. We should move it to the right place.
Fixes: b4def3509d ("mm, nobootmem: clean-up of free_low_memory_core_early()")
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1473996082-14603-1-git-send-email-wanlong.gao@gmail.com
Signed-off-by: Wanlong Gao <wanlong.gao@gmail.com>
Cc: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Every other dentry_operations instance is const, and this one might as
well be.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1473890528-7009-1-git-send-email-linux@rasmusvillemoes.dk
Signed-off-by: Rasmus Villemoes <linux@rasmusvillemoes.dk>
Acked-by: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
The cgroup core and the memory controller need to track socket ownership
for different purposes, but the tracking sites being entirely different
is kind of ugly.
Be a better citizen and rename the memory controller callbacks to match
the cgroup core callbacks, then move them to the same place.
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: coding-style fixes]
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20160914194846.11153-3-hannes@cmpxchg.org
Signed-off-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Acked-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Cc: "David S. Miller" <davem@davemloft.net>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Cc: Vladimir Davydov <vdavydov@virtuozzo.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
So they are CONFIG_DEBUG_VM-only and more informative.
Cc: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Cc: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: Jens Axboe <axboe@fb.com>
Cc: Joe Perches <joe@perches.com>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Santosh Shilimkar <santosh.shilimkar@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Commit c32b3cbe0d ("oom, PM: make OOM detection in the freezer path
raceless") inserted a WARN_ON() into pagefault_out_of_memory() in order
to warn when we raced with disabling the OOM killer.
Now, patch "oom, suspend: fix oom_killer_disable vs. pm suspend
properly" introduced a timeout for oom_killer_disable(). Even if we
raced with disabling the OOM killer and the system is OOM livelocked,
the OOM killer will be enabled eventually (in 20 seconds by default) and
the OOM livelock will be solved. Therefore, we no longer need to warn
when we raced with disabling the OOM killer.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1473442120-7246-1-git-send-email-penguin-kernel@I-love.SAKURA.ne.jp
Signed-off-by: Tetsuo Handa <penguin-kernel@I-love.SAKURA.ne.jp>
Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Fragmentation index and the vm.extfrag_threshold sysctl is meant as a
heuristic to prevent excessive compaction for costly orders (i.e. THP).
It's unlikely to make any difference for non-costly orders, especially
with the default threshold. But we cannot afford any uncertainty for
the non-costly orders where the only alternative to successful
reclaim/compaction is OOM. After the recent patches we are guaranteed
maximum effort without heuristics from compaction before deciding OOM,
and fragindex is the last remaining heuristic. Therefore skip fragindex
altogether for non-costly orders.
Suggested-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20160926162025.21555-5-vbabka@suse.cz
Signed-off-by: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@techsingularity.net>
Cc: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
The compaction_zonelist_suitable() function tries to determine if
compaction will be able to proceed after sufficient reclaim, i.e.
whether there are enough reclaimable pages to provide enough order-0
freepages for compaction.
This addition of reclaimable pages to the free pages works well for the
order-0 watermark check, but in the fragmentation index check we only
consider truly free pages. Thus we can get fragindex value close to 0
which indicates failure do to lack of memory, and wrongly decide that
compaction won't be suitable even after reclaim.
Instead of trying to somehow adjust fragindex for reclaimable pages,
let's just skip it from compaction_zonelist_suitable().
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20160926162025.21555-4-vbabka@suse.cz
Signed-off-by: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@techsingularity.net>
Cc: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
The should_reclaim_retry() makes decisions based on no_progress_loops,
so it makes sense to also update the counter there. It will be also
consistent with should_compact_retry() and compaction_retries. No
functional change.
[hillf.zj@alibaba-inc.com: fix missing pointer dereferences]
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20160926162025.21555-3-vbabka@suse.cz
Signed-off-by: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Acked-by: Hillf Danton <hillf.zj@alibaba-inc.com>
Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@techsingularity.net>
Cc: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Several people have reported premature OOMs for order-2 allocations
(stack) due to OOM rework in 4.7. In the scenario (parallel kernel
build and dd writing to two drives) many pageblocks get marked as
Unmovable and compaction free scanner struggles to isolate free pages.
Joonsoo Kim pointed out that the free scanner skips pageblocks that are
not movable to prevent filling them and forcing non-movable allocations
to fallback to other pageblocks. Such heuristic makes sense to help
prevent long-term fragmentation, but premature OOMs are relatively more
urgent problem. As a compromise, this patch disables the heuristic only
for the ultimate compaction priority.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20160906135258.18335-5-vbabka@suse.cz
Reported-by: Ralf-Peter Rohbeck <Ralf-Peter.Rohbeck@quantum.com>
Reported-by: Arkadiusz Miskiewicz <a.miskiewicz@gmail.com>
Reported-by: Olaf Hering <olaf@aepfle.de>
Suggested-by: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com>
Signed-off-by: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@kernel.org>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@techsingularity.net>
Cc: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Tetsuo Handa <penguin-kernel@i-love.sakura.ne.jp>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
The new ultimate compaction priority disables some heuristics, which may
result in excessive cost. This is fine for non-costly orders where we
want to try hard before resulting for OOM, but might be disruptive for
costly orders which do not trigger OOM and should generally have some
fallback. Thus, we disable the full priority for costly orders.
Suggested-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@kernel.org>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20160906135258.18335-4-vbabka@suse.cz
Signed-off-by: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@kernel.org>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@techsingularity.net>
Cc: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Tetsuo Handa <penguin-kernel@i-love.sakura.ne.jp>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
During reclaim/compaction loop, compaction priority can be increased by
the should_compact_retry() function, but the current code is not
optimal. Priority is only increased when compaction_failed() is true,
which means that compaction has scanned the whole zone. This may not
happen even after multiple attempts with a lower priority due to
parallel activity, so we might needlessly struggle on the lower
priorities and possibly run out of compaction retry attempts in the
process.
After this patch we are guaranteed at least one attempt at the highest
compaction priority even if we exhaust all retries at the lower
priorities.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20160906135258.18335-3-vbabka@suse.cz
Signed-off-by: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@kernel.org>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@techsingularity.net>
Cc: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Tetsuo Handa <penguin-kernel@i-love.sakura.ne.jp>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Patch series "reintroduce compaction feedback for OOM decisions".
After several people reported OOM's for order-2 allocations in 4.7 due
to Michal Hocko's OOM rework, he reverted the part that considered
compaction feedback [1] in the decisions to retry reclaim/compaction.
This was to provide a fix quickly for 4.8 rc and 4.7 stable series,
while mmotm had an almost complete solution that instead improved
compaction reliability.
This series completes the mmotm solution and reintroduces the compaction
feedback into OOM decisions. The first two patches restore the state of
mmotm before the temporary solution was merged, the last patch should be
the missing piece for reliability. The third patch restricts the
hardened compaction to non-costly orders, since costly orders don't
result in OOMs in the first place.
[1] http://marc.info/?i=20160822093249.GA14916%40dhcp22.suse.cz%3E
This patch (of 4):
Commit 6b4e3181d7 ("mm, oom: prevent premature OOM killer invocation
for high order request") was intended as a quick fix of OOM regressions
for 4.8 and stable 4.7.x kernels. For a better long-term solution, we
still want to consider compaction feedback, which should be possible
after some more improvements in the following patches.
This reverts commit 6b4e3181d7.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20160906135258.18335-2-vbabka@suse.cz
Signed-off-by: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@techsingularity.net>
Cc: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Tetsuo Handa <penguin-kernel@i-love.sakura.ne.jp>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
This patch is to improve the performance of swap cache operations when
the type of the swap device is not 0. Originally, the whole swap entry
value is used as the key of the swap cache, even though there is one
radix tree for each swap device. If the type of the swap device is not
0, the height of the radix tree of the swap cache will be increased
unnecessary, especially on 64bit architecture. For example, for a 1GB
swap device on the x86_64 architecture, the height of the radix tree of
the swap cache is 11. But if the offset of the swap entry is used as
the key of the swap cache, the height of the radix tree of the swap
cache is 4. The increased height causes unnecessary radix tree
descending and increased cache footprint.
This patch reduces the height of the radix tree of the swap cache via
using the offset of the swap entry instead of the whole swap entry value
as the key of the swap cache. In 32 processes sequential swap out test
case on a Xeon E5 v3 system with RAM disk as swap, the lock contention
for the spinlock of the swap cache is reduced from 20.15% to 12.19%,
when the type of the swap device is 1.
Use the whole swap entry as key,
perf-profile.calltrace.cycles-pp._raw_spin_lock_irq.__add_to_swap_cache.add_to_swap_cache.add_to_swap.shrink_page_list: 10.37,
perf-profile.calltrace.cycles-pp._raw_spin_lock_irqsave.__remove_mapping.shrink_page_list.shrink_inactive_list.shrink_node_memcg: 9.78,
Use the swap offset as key,
perf-profile.calltrace.cycles-pp._raw_spin_lock_irq.__add_to_swap_cache.add_to_swap_cache.add_to_swap.shrink_page_list: 6.25,
perf-profile.calltrace.cycles-pp._raw_spin_lock_irqsave.__remove_mapping.shrink_page_list.shrink_inactive_list.shrink_node_memcg: 5.94,
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1473270649-27229-1-git-send-email-ying.huang@intel.com
Signed-off-by: "Huang, Ying" <ying.huang@intel.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@kernel.org>
Cc: Vladimir Davydov <vdavydov.dev@gmail.com>
Cc: "Kirill A. Shutemov" <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Dan Williams <dan.j.williams@intel.com>
Cc: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@techsingularity.net>
Cc: Minchan Kim <minchan@kernel.org>
Cc: Aaron Lu <aaron.lu@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
vm_insert_mixed() unlike vm_insert_pfn_prot() and vmf_insert_pfn_pmd(),
fails to check the pgprot_t it uses for the mapping against the one
recorded in the memtype tracking tree. Add the missing call to
track_pfn_insert() to preclude cases where incompatible aliased mappings
are established for a given physical address range.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/147328717909.35069.14256589123570653697.stgit@dwillia2-desk3.amr.corp.intel.com
Signed-off-by: Dan Williams <dan.j.williams@intel.com>
Cc: David Airlie <airlied@linux.ie>
Cc: Matthew Wilcox <mawilcox@microsoft.com>
Cc: Ross Zwisler <ross.zwisler@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
mem_cgroup_count_precharge() and mem_cgroup_move_charge() both call
walk_page_range() on the range 0 to ~0UL, neither provide a pte_hole
callback, which causes the current implementation to skip non-vma
regions. This is all fine but follow up changes would like to make
walk_page_range more generic so it is better to be explicit about which
range to traverse so let's use highest_vm_end to explicitly traverse
only user mmaped memory.
[mhocko@kernel.org: rewrote changelog]
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1472655897-22532-1-git-send-email-james.morse@arm.com
Signed-off-by: James Morse <james.morse@arm.com>
Acked-by: Naoya Horiguchi <n-horiguchi@ah.jp.nec.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@kernel.org>
Cc: Vladimir Davydov <vdavydov@virtuozzo.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
The global zero page is used to satisfy an anonymous read fault. If
THP(Transparent HugePage) is enabled then the global huge zero page is
used. The global huge zero page uses an atomic counter for reference
counting and is allocated/freed dynamically according to its counter
value.
CPU time spent on that counter will greatly increase if there are a lot
of processes doing anonymous read faults. This patch proposes a way to
reduce the access to the global counter so that the CPU load can be
reduced accordingly.
To do this, a new flag of the mm_struct is introduced:
MMF_USED_HUGE_ZERO_PAGE. With this flag, the process only need to touch
the global counter in two cases:
1 The first time it uses the global huge zero page;
2 The time when mm_user of its mm_struct reaches zero.
Note that right now, the huge zero page is eligible to be freed as soon
as its last use goes away. With this patch, the page will not be
eligible to be freed until the exit of the last process from which it
was ever used.
And with the use of mm_user, the kthread is not eligible to use huge
zero page either. Since no kthread is using huge zero page today, there
is no difference after applying this patch. But if that is not desired,
I can change it to when mm_count reaches zero.
Case used for test on Haswell EP:
usemem -n 72 --readonly -j 0x200000 100G
Which spawns 72 processes and each will mmap 100G anonymous space and
then do read only access to that space sequentially with a step of 2MB.
CPU cycles from perf report for base commit:
54.03% usemem [kernel.kallsyms] [k] get_huge_zero_page
CPU cycles from perf report for this commit:
0.11% usemem [kernel.kallsyms] [k] mm_get_huge_zero_page
Performance(throughput) of the workload for base commit: 1784430792
Performance(throughput) of the workload for this commit: 4726928591
164% increase.
Runtime of the workload for base commit: 707592 us
Runtime of the workload for this commit: 303970 us
50% drop.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/fe51a88f-446a-4622-1363-ad1282d71385@intel.com
Signed-off-by: Aaron Lu <aaron.lu@intel.com>
Cc: Sergey Senozhatsky <sergey.senozhatsky@gmail.com>
Cc: "Kirill A. Shutemov" <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@intel.com>
Cc: Tim Chen <tim.c.chen@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Huang Ying <ying.huang@intel.com>
Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Cc: Jerome Marchand <jmarchan@redhat.com>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@techsingularity.net>
Cc: Ebru Akagunduz <ebru.akagunduz@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
In current kernel code, we only call node_set_state(cpu_to_node(cpu),
N_CPU) when a cpu is hot plugged. But we do not set the node state for
N_CPU when the cpus are brought online during boot.
So this could lead to failure when we check to see if a node contains
cpu with node_state(node_id, N_CPU).
One use case is in the node_reclaime function:
/*
* Only run node reclaim on the local node or on nodes that do
* not
* have associated processors. This will favor the local
* processor
* over remote processors and spread off node memory allocations
* as wide as possible.
*/
if (node_state(pgdat->node_id, N_CPU) && pgdat->node_id !=
numa_node_id())
return NODE_RECLAIM_NOSCAN;
I instrumented the kernel to call this function after boot and it always
returns 0 on a x86 desktop machine until I apply the attached patch.
int num_cpu_node(void)
{
int i, nr_cpu_nodes = 0;
for_each_node(i) {
if (node_state(i, N_CPU))
++ nr_cpu_nodes;
}
return nr_cpu_nodes;
}
Fix this by checking each node for online CPU when we initialize
vmstat that's responsible for maintaining node state.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20160829175922.GA21775@linux.intel.com
Signed-off-by: Tim Chen <tim.c.chen@linux.intel.com>
Acked-by: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Cc: "H. Peter Anvin" <hpa@zytor.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Tim Chen <tim.c.chen@linux.intel.com>
Cc: <Huang@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Ying <ying.huang@intel.com>
Cc: Andi Kleen <andi@firstfloor.org>
Cc: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@intel.com>
Cc: Dan Williams <dan.j.williams@intel.com>
Cc: "Rafael J. Wysocki" <rjw@rjwysocki.net>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
When CONFIG_FS_DAX_PMD is set, DAX supports mmap() using pmd page size.
This feature relies on both mmap virtual address and FS block (i.e.
physical address) to be aligned by the pmd page size. Users can use
mkfs options to specify FS to align block allocations. However,
aligning mmap address requires code changes to existing applications for
providing a pmd-aligned address to mmap().
For instance, fio with "ioengine=mmap" performs I/Os with mmap() [1].
It calls mmap() with a NULL address, which needs to be changed to
provide a pmd-aligned address for testing with DAX pmd mappings.
Changing all applications that call mmap() with NULL is undesirable.
Add thp_get_unmapped_area(), which can be called by filesystem's
get_unmapped_area to align an mmap address by the pmd size for a DAX
file. It calls the default handler, mm->get_unmapped_area(), to find a
range and then aligns it for a DAX file.
The patch is based on Matthew Wilcox's change that allows adding support
of the pud page size easily.
[1]: https://github.com/axboe/fio/blob/master/engines/mmap.c
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1472497881-9323-2-git-send-email-toshi.kani@hpe.com
Signed-off-by: Toshi Kani <toshi.kani@hpe.com>
Reviewed-by: Dan Williams <dan.j.williams@intel.com>
Cc: Matthew Wilcox <mawilcox@microsoft.com>
Cc: Ross Zwisler <ross.zwisler@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Dave Chinner <david@fromorbit.com>
Cc: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
Cc: Theodore Ts'o <tytso@mit.edu>
Cc: Andreas Dilger <adilger.kernel@dilger.ca>
Cc: Mike Kravetz <mike.kravetz@oracle.com>
Cc: "Kirill A. Shutemov" <kirill@shutemov.name>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
When one vma was with flag VM_LOCKED|VM_LOCKONFAULT (by invoking
mlock2(,MLOCK_ONFAULT)), it can again be populated with mlock() with
VM_LOCKED flag only.
There is a hole in mlock_fixup() which increase mm->locked_vm twice even
the two operations are on the same vma and both with VM_LOCKED flags.
The issue can be reproduced by following code:
mlock2(p, 1024 * 64, MLOCK_ONFAULT); //VM_LOCKED|VM_LOCKONFAULT
mlock(p, 1024 * 64); //VM_LOCKED
Then check the increase VmLck field in /proc/pid/status(to 128k).
When vma is set with different vm_flags, and the new vm_flags is with
VM_LOCKED, it is not necessarily be a "new locked" vma. This patch
corrects this bug by prevent mm->locked_vm from increment when old
vm_flags is already VM_LOCKED.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1472554781-9835-3-git-send-email-wei.guo.simon@gmail.com
Signed-off-by: Simon Guo <wei.guo.simon@gmail.com>
Acked-by: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Alexey Klimov <klimov.linux@gmail.com>
Cc: Eric B Munson <emunson@akamai.com>
Cc: Geert Uytterhoeven <geert@linux-m68k.org>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@techsingularity.net>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Cc: Shuah Khan <shuah@kernel.org>
Cc: Simon Guo <wei.guo.simon@gmail.com>
Cc: Thierry Reding <treding@nvidia.com>
Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
In do_mlock(), the check against locked memory limitation has a hole
which will fail following cases at step 3):
1) User has a memory chunk from addressA with 50k, and user mem lock
rlimit is 64k.
2) mlock(addressA, 30k)
3) mlock(addressA, 40k)
The 3rd step should have been allowed since the 40k request is
intersected with the previous 30k at step 2), and the 3rd step is
actually for mlock on the extra 10k memory.
This patch checks vma to caculate the actual "new" mlock size, if
necessary, and ajust the logic to fix this issue.
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: clean up comment layout]
[wei.guo.simon@gmail.com: correct a typo in count_mm_mlocked_page_nr()]
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1473325970-11393-2-git-send-email-wei.guo.simon@gmail.com
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1472554781-9835-2-git-send-email-wei.guo.simon@gmail.com
Signed-off-by: Simon Guo <wei.guo.simon@gmail.com>
Cc: Alexey Klimov <klimov.linux@gmail.com>
Cc: Eric B Munson <emunson@akamai.com>
Cc: Geert Uytterhoeven <geert@linux-m68k.org>
Cc: "Kirill A. Shutemov" <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@techsingularity.net>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Cc: Shuah Khan <shuah@kernel.org>
Cc: Simon Guo <wei.guo.simon@gmail.com>
Cc: Thierry Reding <treding@nvidia.com>
Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Since the lumpy reclaim is gone there is no source of higher order pages
if CONFIG_COMPACTION=n except for the order-0 pages reclaim which is
unreliable for that purpose to say the least. Hitting an OOM for
!costly higher order requests is therefore all not that hard to imagine.
We are trying hard to not invoke OOM killer as much as possible but
there is simply no reliable way to detect whether more reclaim retries
make sense.
Disabling COMPACTION is not widespread but it seems that some users
might have disable the feature without realizing full consequences
(mostly along with disabling THP because compaction used to be THP
mainly thing). This patch just adds a note if the OOM killer was
triggered by higher order request with compaction disabled. This will
help us identifying possible misconfiguration right from the oom report
which is easier than to always keep in mind that somebody might have
disabled COMPACTION without a good reason.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20160830111632.GD23963@dhcp22.suse.cz
Signed-off-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Tetsuo Handa <penguin-kernel@i-love.sakura.ne.jp>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
File pages use a set of radix tree tags (DIRTY, TOWRITE, WRITEBACK,
etc.) to accelerate finding the pages with a specific tag in the radix
tree during inode writeback. But for anonymous pages in the swap cache,
there is no inode writeback. So there is no need to find the pages with
some writeback tags in the radix tree. It is not necessary to touch
radix tree writeback tags for pages in the swap cache.
Per Rik van Riel's suggestion, a new flag AS_NO_WRITEBACK_TAGS is
introduced for address spaces which don't need to update the writeback
tags. The flag is set for swap caches. It may be used for DAX file
systems, etc.
With this patch, the swap out bandwidth improved 22.3% (from ~1.2GB/s to
~1.48GBps) in the vm-scalability swap-w-seq test case with 8 processes.
The test is done on a Xeon E5 v3 system. The swap device used is a RAM
simulated PMEM (persistent memory) device. The improvement comes from
the reduced contention on the swap cache radix tree lock. To test
sequential swapping out, the test case uses 8 processes, which
sequentially allocate and write to the anonymous pages until RAM and
part of the swap device is used up.
Details of comparison is as follow,
base base+patch
---------------- --------------------------
%stddev %change %stddev
\ | \
2506952 ± 2% +28.1% 3212076 ± 7% vm-scalability.throughput
1207402 ± 7% +22.3% 1476578 ± 6% vmstat.swap.so
10.86 ± 12% -23.4% 8.31 ± 16% perf-profile.cycles-pp._raw_spin_lock_irq.__add_to_swap_cache.add_to_swap_cache.add_to_swap.shrink_page_list
10.82 ± 13% -33.1% 7.24 ± 14% perf-profile.cycles-pp._raw_spin_lock_irqsave.__remove_mapping.shrink_page_list.shrink_inactive_list.shrink_zone_memcg
10.36 ± 11% -100.0% 0.00 ± -1% perf-profile.cycles-pp._raw_spin_lock_irqsave.__test_set_page_writeback.bdev_write_page.__swap_writepage.swap_writepage
10.52 ± 12% -100.0% 0.00 ± -1% perf-profile.cycles-pp._raw_spin_lock_irqsave.test_clear_page_writeback.end_page_writeback.page_endio.pmem_rw_page
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1472578089-5560-1-git-send-email-ying.huang@intel.com
Signed-off-by: "Huang, Ying" <ying.huang@intel.com>
Acked-by: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: Shaohua Li <shli@kernel.org>
Cc: Minchan Kim <minchan@kernel.org>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@techsingularity.net>
Cc: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Cc: Wu Fengguang <fengguang.wu@intel.com>
Cc: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
In ___alloc_bootmem_node_nopanic(), replace kzalloc() by kzalloc_node()
in order to allocate memory within given node preferentially when slab
is available
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1f487f12-6af4-5e4f-a28c-1de2361cdcd8@zoho.com
Signed-off-by: zijun_hu <zijun_hu@htc.com>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Fix the following bugs:
- the same ARCH_LOW_ADDRESS_LIMIT statements are duplicated between
header and relevant source
- don't ensure ARCH_LOW_ADDRESS_LIMIT perhaps defined by ARCH in
asm/processor.h is preferred over default in linux/bootmem.h
completely since the former header isn't included by the latter
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/e046aeaa-e160-6d9e-dc1b-e084c2fd999f@zoho.com
Signed-off-by: zijun_hu <zijun_hu@htc.com>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
The total reserved memory in a system is accounted but not available for
use use outside mm/memblock.c. By exposing the total reserved memory,
systems can better calculate the size of large hashes.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1472476010-4709-3-git-send-email-srikar@linux.vnet.ibm.com
Signed-off-by: Srikar Dronamraju <srikar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Suggested-by: Mel Gorman <mgorman@techsingularity.net>
Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@kernel.org>
Cc: Michael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au>
Cc: Mahesh Salgaonkar <mahesh@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Hari Bathini <hbathini@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@intel.com>
Cc: Balbir Singh <bsingharora@gmail.com>
Cc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Currently arch specific code can reserve memory blocks but
alloc_large_system_hash() may not take it into consideration when sizing
the hashes. This can lead to bigger hash than required and lead to no
available memory for other purposes. This is specifically true for
systems with CONFIG_DEFERRED_STRUCT_PAGE_INIT enabled.
One approach to solve this problem would be to walk through the memblock
regions and calculate the available memory and base the size of hash
system on the available memory.
The other approach would be to depend on the architecture to provide the
number of pages that are reserved. This change provides hooks to allow
the architecture to provide the required info.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1472476010-4709-2-git-send-email-srikar@linux.vnet.ibm.com
Signed-off-by: Srikar Dronamraju <srikar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Suggested-by: Mel Gorman <mgorman@techsingularity.net>
Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@kernel.org>
Cc: Michael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au>
Cc: Mahesh Salgaonkar <mahesh@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Hari Bathini <hbathini@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@intel.com>
Cc: Balbir Singh <bsingharora@gmail.com>
Cc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Use the existing enums instead of hardcoded index when looking at the
zonelist. This makes it more readable. No functionality change by this
patch.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1472227078-24852-1-git-send-email-aneesh.kumar@linux.vnet.ibm.com
Signed-off-by: Aneesh Kumar K.V <aneesh.kumar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Reviewed-by: Anshuman Khandual <khandual@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
oom reaper was skipped for an mm which is shared with the kernel thread
(aka use_mm()). The primary concern was that such a kthread might want
to read from the userspace memory and see zero page as a result of the
oom reaper action. This is no longer a problem after "mm: make sure
that kthreads will not refault oom reaped memory" because any attempt to
fault in when the MMF_UNSTABLE is set will result in SIGBUS and so the
target user should see an error. This means that we can finally allow
oom reaper also to tasks which share their mm with kthreads.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1472119394-11342-10-git-send-email-mhocko@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Cc: Tetsuo Handa <penguin-kernel@I-love.SAKURA.ne.jp>
Cc: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Vladimir Davydov <vdavydov@parallels.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
There are only few use_mm() users in the kernel right now. Most of them
write to the target memory but vhost driver relies on
copy_from_user/get_user from a kernel thread context. This makes it
impossible to reap the memory of an oom victim which shares the mm with
the vhost kernel thread because it could see a zero page unexpectedly
and theoretically make an incorrect decision visible outside of the
killed task context.
To quote Michael S. Tsirkin:
: Getting an error from __get_user and friends is handled gracefully.
: Getting zero instead of a real value will cause userspace
: memory corruption.
The vhost kernel thread is bound to an open fd of the vhost device which
is not tight to the mm owner life cycle in general. The device fd can
be inherited or passed over to another process which means that we
really have to be careful about unexpected memory corruption because
unlike for normal oom victims the result will be visible outside of the
oom victim context.
Make sure that no kthread context (users of use_mm) can ever see
corrupted data because of the oom reaper and hook into the page fault
path by checking MMF_UNSTABLE mm flag. __oom_reap_task_mm will set the
flag before it starts unmapping the address space while the flag is
checked after the page fault has been handled. If the flag is set then
SIGBUS is triggered so any g-u-p user will get a error code.
Regular tasks do not need this protection because all which share the mm
are killed when the mm is reaped and so the corruption will not outlive
them.
This patch shouldn't have any visible effect at this moment because the
OOM killer doesn't invoke oom reaper for tasks with mm shared with
kthreads yet.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1472119394-11342-9-git-send-email-mhocko@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Acked-by: "Michael S. Tsirkin" <mst@redhat.com>
Cc: Tetsuo Handa <penguin-kernel@I-love.SAKURA.ne.jp>
Cc: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Vladimir Davydov <vdavydov@parallels.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
There are no users of exit_oom_victim on !current task anymore so enforce
the API to always work on the current.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1472119394-11342-8-git-send-email-mhocko@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Tetsuo Handa <penguin-kernel@I-love.SAKURA.ne.jp>
Signed-off-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Cc: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Vladimir Davydov <vdavydov@parallels.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Commit 7407054209 ("oom, suspend: fix oom_reaper vs.
oom_killer_disable race") has workaround an existing race between
oom_killer_disable and oom_reaper by adding another round of
try_to_freeze_tasks after the oom killer was disabled. This was the
easiest thing to do for a late 4.7 fix. Let's fix it properly now.
After "oom: keep mm of the killed task available" we no longer have to
call exit_oom_victim from the oom reaper because we have stable mm
available and hide the oom_reaped mm by MMF_OOM_SKIP flag. So let's
remove exit_oom_victim and the race described in the above commit
doesn't exist anymore if.
Unfortunately this alone is not sufficient for the oom_killer_disable
usecase because now we do not have any reliable way to reach
exit_oom_victim (the victim might get stuck on a way to exit for an
unbounded amount of time). OOM killer can cope with that by checking mm
flags and move on to another victim but we cannot do the same for
oom_killer_disable as we would lose the guarantee of no further
interference of the victim with the rest of the system. What we can do
instead is to cap the maximum time the oom_killer_disable waits for
victims. The only current user of this function (pm suspend) already
has a concept of timeout for back off so we can reuse the same value
there.
Let's drop set_freezable for the oom_reaper kthread because it is no
longer needed as the reaper doesn't wake or thaw any processes.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1472119394-11342-7-git-send-email-mhocko@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Cc: Tetsuo Handa <penguin-kernel@I-love.SAKURA.ne.jp>
Cc: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Vladimir Davydov <vdavydov@parallels.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Greg Thelen