Currently, during initialization ACPICA walks the entire ACPI
namespace in search of any device objects with assciated _PRW
methods. All of the _PRW methods found are executed in the process
to extract the GPE information returned by them, so that the GPEs in
question can be marked as "able to wakeup" (more precisely, the
ACPI_GPE_CAN_WAKE flag is set for them). The only purpose of this
exercise is to avoid enabling the CAN_WAKE GPEs automatically, even
if there are _Lxx/_Exx methods associated with them. However, it is
both costly and unnecessary, because the host OS has to execute the
_PRW methods anyway to check which devices can wake up the system
from sleep states. Moreover, it then uses full information
returned by _PRW, including the GPE information, so it can take care
of disabling the GPEs if necessary.
Remove the code that walks the namespace and executes _PRW from
ACPICA and modify comments to reflect that change. Make
acpi_bus_set_run_wake_flags() disable GPEs for wakeup devices
so that they don't cause spurious wakeup events to be signaled.
This not only reduces the complexity of the ACPICA initialization
code, but in some cases it should reduce the kernel boot time as
well.
Unfortunately, for this purpose we need a new ACPICA function,
acpi_gpe_can_wake(), to be called by the host OS in order to disable
the GPEs that can wake up the system and were previously enabled by
acpi_ev_initialize_gpe_block() or acpi_ev_update_gpes() (such a GPE
should be disabled only once, because the initialization code enables
it only once, but it may be pointed to by _PRW for multiple devices
and that's why the additional function is necessary).
Signed-off-by: Rafael J. Wysocki <rjw@sisk.pl>
Signed-off-by: Len Brown <len.brown@intel.com>
When we check if a GPE can be used for runtime signaling, we only
search the FADT GPE blocks, which is incorrect, becuase the GPE
may be located elsewhere. We really should be using the GPE device
information previously returned by _PRW here, so make that happen.
Signed-off-by: Rafael J. Wysocki <rjw@sisk.pl>
Signed-off-by: Len Brown <len.brown@intel.com>
We have ported Rafael's major GPE changes
(ACPI: Use GPE reference counting to support shared GPEs) into ACPICA code base.
But the port and Rafael's original patch have some differences, so we made
below patch to make linux GPE code consistent with ACPICA code base.
Most changes are about comments and coding styles.
Other noticeable changes are based on:
Rafael: Reduce code duplication related to GPE lookup
https://patchwork.kernel.org/patch/86237/
Rafael: Always use the same lock for GPE locking
https://patchwork.kernel.org/patch/90471/
A new field gpe_count in struct acpi_gpe_block_info to record the number
of individual GPEs in block.
Rename acpi_ev_save_method_info to acpi_ev_match_gpe_method.
Signed-off-by: Rafael J. Wysocki <rjw@sisk.pl>
Signed-off-by: Robert Moore <robert.moore@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Lin Ming <ming.m.lin@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Len Brown <len.brown@intel.com>
Previously, we assumed the only Device object immediately below the root
was the \_SB Scope (which the ACPI CA treats as a Device), so we forced
the HID of all such objects to ACPI_BUS_HID ("LNXSYBUS").
However, there are DSDTs that supply root-level Device objects with _HIDs.
This patch makes us pay attention to those _HIDs and only add the synthetic
ACPI_BUS_HID for root-level objects that do not supply their own _HID.
For example, this DSDT: https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=15605
contains:
Scope (_SB) {
...
}
Device (AMW0) {
Name (_HID, EisaId ("PNP0C14"))
...
}
and we should use "PNP0C14" for the AMW0 device, not "LNXSYBUS".
Signed-off-by: Bjorn Helgaas <bjorn.helgaas@hp.com>
Acked-by: Zhang Rui <rui.zhang@intel.com>
Tested-by: Yong Wang <yong.y.wang@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Len Brown <len.brown@intel.com>
percpu.h is included by sched.h and module.h and thus ends up being
included when building most .c files. percpu.h includes slab.h which
in turn includes gfp.h making everything defined by the two files
universally available and complicating inclusion dependencies.
percpu.h -> slab.h dependency is about to be removed. Prepare for
this change by updating users of gfp and slab facilities include those
headers directly instead of assuming availability. As this conversion
needs to touch large number of source files, the following script is
used as the basis of conversion.
http://userweb.kernel.org/~tj/misc/slabh-sweep.py
The script does the followings.
* Scan files for gfp and slab usages and update includes such that
only the necessary includes are there. ie. if only gfp is used,
gfp.h, if slab is used, slab.h.
* When the script inserts a new include, it looks at the include
blocks and try to put the new include such that its order conforms
to its surrounding. It's put in the include block which contains
core kernel includes, in the same order that the rest are ordered -
alphabetical, Christmas tree, rev-Xmas-tree or at the end if there
doesn't seem to be any matching order.
* If the script can't find a place to put a new include (mostly
because the file doesn't have fitting include block), it prints out
an error message indicating which .h file needs to be added to the
file.
The conversion was done in the following steps.
1. The initial automatic conversion of all .c files updated slightly
over 4000 files, deleting around 700 includes and adding ~480 gfp.h
and ~3000 slab.h inclusions. The script emitted errors for ~400
files.
2. Each error was manually checked. Some didn't need the inclusion,
some needed manual addition while adding it to implementation .h or
embedding .c file was more appropriate for others. This step added
inclusions to around 150 files.
3. The script was run again and the output was compared to the edits
from #2 to make sure no file was left behind.
4. Several build tests were done and a couple of problems were fixed.
e.g. lib/decompress_*.c used malloc/free() wrappers around slab
APIs requiring slab.h to be added manually.
5. The script was run on all .h files but without automatically
editing them as sprinkling gfp.h and slab.h inclusions around .h
files could easily lead to inclusion dependency hell. Most gfp.h
inclusion directives were ignored as stuff from gfp.h was usually
wildly available and often used in preprocessor macros. Each
slab.h inclusion directive was examined and added manually as
necessary.
6. percpu.h was updated not to include slab.h.
7. Build test were done on the following configurations and failures
were fixed. CONFIG_GCOV_KERNEL was turned off for all tests (as my
distributed build env didn't work with gcov compiles) and a few
more options had to be turned off depending on archs to make things
build (like ipr on powerpc/64 which failed due to missing writeq).
* x86 and x86_64 UP and SMP allmodconfig and a custom test config.
* powerpc and powerpc64 SMP allmodconfig
* sparc and sparc64 SMP allmodconfig
* ia64 SMP allmodconfig
* s390 SMP allmodconfig
* alpha SMP allmodconfig
* um on x86_64 SMP allmodconfig
8. percpu.h modifications were reverted so that it could be applied as
a separate patch and serve as bisection point.
Given the fact that I had only a couple of failures from tests on step
6, I'm fairly confident about the coverage of this conversion patch.
If there is a breakage, it's likely to be something in one of the arch
headers which should be easily discoverable easily on most builds of
the specific arch.
Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Guess-its-ok-by: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com>
Cc: Lee Schermerhorn <Lee.Schermerhorn@hp.com>
On some old IBM workstations and desktop computers, the BIOS presents in the
DSDT an SMBus object that is missing the HID identifier that the i2c-scmi
driver looks for. Modify the ACPI device scan code to insert the missing HID
if it finds an IBM system with such an object.
Affected machines: IntelliStation Z20/Z30. Note that the i2c-i801 driver no
longer works on these machines because of ACPI resource conflicts.
Signed-off-by: Darrick J. Wong <djwong@us.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Jean Delvare <khali@linux-fr.org>
Although the majority of PCI devices can generate PMEs that in
principle may be used to wake up devices suspended at run time,
platform support is generally necessary to convert PMEs into wake-up
events that can be delivered to the kernel. If ACPI is used for this
purpose, PME signals generated by a PCI device will trigger the ACPI
GPE associated with the device to generate an ACPI wake-up event that
we can set up a handler for, provided that everything is configured
correctly.
Unfortunately, the subset of PCI devices that have GPEs associated
with them is quite limited. The devices without dedicated GPEs have
to rely on the GPEs associated with other devices (in the majority of
cases their upstream bridges and, possibly, the root bridge) to
generate ACPI wake-up events in response to PME signals from them.
Add ACPI platform support for PCI PME wake-up:
o Add a framework making is possible to use ACPI system notify
handlers for run-time PM.
o Add new PCI platform callback ->run_wake() to struct
pci_platform_pm_ops allowing us to enable/disable the platform to
generate wake-up events for given device. Implemet this callback
for the ACPI platform.
o Define ACPI wake-up handlers for PCI devices and PCI root buses and
make the PCI-ACPI binding code register wake-up notifiers for all
PCI devices present in the ACPI tables.
o Add function pci_dev_run_wake() which can be used by PCI drivers to
check if given device is capable of generating wake-up events at
run time.
Developed in cooperation with Matthew Garrett <mjg@redhat.com>.
Signed-off-by: Rafael J. Wysocki <rjw@sisk.pl>
Signed-off-by: Jesse Barnes <jbarnes@virtuousgeek.org>
Use the run_wake flag to mark all devices for which run-time wake-up
events may be generated by the platform. Introduce a new wake-up
flag, always_enabled, for marking devices that should be permanently
enabled to generate run-time events. Also, introduce a reference
counter for run-wake devices and a function that will initialize all
of the run-time wake-up fields for given device.
Signed-off-by: Rafael J. Wysocki <rjw@sisk.pl>
Acked-by: Len Brown <len.brown@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Jesse Barnes <jbarnes@virtuousgeek.org>
Callers (acpi_memhotplug.c, dock.c and others) check for the return
value of acpi_bus_add() and assume a valid device was returned in
case zero was returned.
Thus return -ENODEV if no device was found in acpi_bus_scan and
propagate this through acpi_bus_add and acpi_bus_start.
Also remove a confusing comment in acpiphp_glue.c, acpi_bus_scan
will and cannot invoke if acpi_bus_add returns no valid device.
Signed-off-by: Thomas Renninger <trenn@suse.de>
Acked-by: Bjorn Helgaas <bjorn.helgaas@hp.com>
Signed-off-by: Len Brown <len.brown@intel.com>
If acpi_bus_add does not return a device and it's passed
to acpi_bus_start, bad things will happen:
BUG: unable to handle kernel NULL pointer dereference at 0000000000000008
IP: [<ffffffff8128402d>] acpi_bus_start+0x14/0x24
...
[<ffffffffa008977a>] acpiphp_bus_add+0xba/0x130 [acpiphp]
[<ffffffffa008aa72>] enable_device+0x132/0x2ff [acpiphp]
[<ffffffffa0089b68>] acpiphp_enable_slot+0xb8/0x130 [acpiphp]
[<ffffffffa0089df7>] handle_hotplug_event_func+0x87/0x190 [acpiphp]
Next patch would make this NULL pointer check obsolete, but
better having one more than one missing...
Signed-off-by: Thomas Renninger <trenn@suse.de>
Acked-by: Bjorn Helgaas <bjorn.helgaas@hp.com>
CC: stable@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Len Brown <len.brown@intel.com>
The existing interface only has a pre-order callback. This change
adds an additional parameter for a post-order callback which will
be more useful for bus scans. ACPICA BZ 779.
Also update the external calls to acpi_walk_namespace.
http://www.acpica.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=779
Signed-off-by: Lin Ming <ming.m.lin@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Bob Moore <robert.moore@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Len Brown <len.brown@intel.com>
Free an acpi_get_object_info() buffer when we're finished. Skip the
acpi_get_name() altogether -- it was only used for a printk that was
really just for debug anyway.
http://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=14271
Signed-off-by: Bjorn Helgaas <bjorn.helgaas@hp.com>
Reported-and-tested-by: Zdenek Kabelac <zdenek.kabelac@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Len Brown <len.brown@intel.com>
Minor code cleanup, no functional change. Instead of remembering
what HIDs & CIDs to add later, just add them immediately.
Signed-off-by: Bjorn Helgaas <bjorn.helgaas@hp.com>
Signed-off-by: Len Brown <len.brown@intel.com>
Nobody uses acpi_device_uid(), so this patch removes it.
Signed-off-by: Bjorn Helgaas <bjorn.helgaas@hp.com>
Signed-off-by: Len Brown <len.brown@intel.com>
Every acpi_device has at least one ID (if there's no _HID or _CID, we
give it a synthetic or default ID). So there's no longer a need to
check whether an ID exists; we can just use it.
Signed-off-by: Bjorn Helgaas <bjorn.helgaas@hp.com>
Signed-off-by: Len Brown <len.brown@intel.com>
We now keep a single list of IDs that includes both the _HID and any
_CIDs. We no longer need to keep track of whether the device has a _CID.
Signed-off-by: Bjorn Helgaas <bjorn.helgaas@hp.com>
Signed-off-by: Len Brown <len.brown@intel.com>
There's no need to treat _HID and _CID differently. Keeping them in
a single list makes code that uses the IDs a little simpler because it
can just traverse the list rather than checking "do we have a HID?",
"do we have any CIDs?"
Signed-off-by: Bjorn Helgaas <bjorn.helgaas@hp.com>
Reviewed-by: Alex Chiang <achiang@hp.com>
Signed-off-by: Len Brown <len.brown@intel.com>
This makes sure every acpi_device has at least one ID. If we build an
acpi_device for a namespace node with no _HID or _CID, we sometimes
synthesize an ID like "LNXCPU" or "LNXVIDEO". If we don't even have
that, give it a default "device" ID.
Note that this means things like:
/sys/devices/LNXSYSTM:00/LNXSYBUS:00/HWP0001:00/HWP0002:04/device:00
(a PCI slot SxFy device) will have "hid" and "modprobe" entries, where
they didn't before. These aren't very useful (a HID of "device" doesn't
tell you what *kind* of device it is, so it doesn't help find a driver),
but I don't think they're harmful.
Signed-off-by: Bjorn Helgaas <bjorn.helgaas@hp.com>
Signed-off-by: Len Brown <len.brown@intel.com>
Use acpi_device_hid() rather than accessing acpi_device.pnp.hardware_id
directly.
Signed-off-by: Bjorn Helgaas <bjorn.helgaas@hp.com>
Signed-off-by: Len Brown <len.brown@intel.com>
This makes \_SB_ show up as /sys/devices/LNXSYSTM:00/LNXSYBUS:00
rather than "device:00". This has been broken for a loooong time
(at least since 2.6.13) because device->parent is an acpi_device
pointer, not a handle.
Signed-off-by: Bjorn Helgaas <bjorn.helgaas@hp.com>
Signed-off-by: Len Brown <len.brown@intel.com>
acpi_bus_scan() traverses the namespace to enumerate devices and uses
acpi_add_single_object() to create acpi_devices. When the platform
notifies us of a hot-plug event, we need to traverse part of the namespace
again to figure out what appeared or disappeared. (We don't yet call
acpi_bus_scan() during hot-plug, but I plan to do that in the future.)
This patch makes acpi_add_single_object() notice when we already have
an acpi_device, so we don't need to make a new one.
Signed-off-by: Bjorn Helgaas <bjorn.helgaas@hp.com>
Signed-off-by: Len Brown <len.brown@intel.com>
This patch adds acpi_bus_type_and_status(), which determines the type
of the object and whether we want to build an acpi_device for it. If
it is acpi_device-worthy, it returns the type and the device's current
status.
Signed-off-by: Bjorn Helgaas <bjorn.helgaas@hp.com>
Signed-off-by: Len Brown <len.brown@intel.com>
acpi_bus_scan() currently walks the namespace manually. This patch changes
it to use acpi_walk_namespace() instead.
Besides removing some complicated code, this means we take advantage of the
namespace locking done by acpi_walk_namespace(). The locking isn't so
important at boot-time, but I hope to eventually use this same path to
handle hot-addition of devices, when it will be important.
Note that acpi_walk_namespace() does not actually visit the starting node
first, so we need to do that by hand first.
Signed-off-by: Bjorn Helgaas <bjorn.helgaas@hp.com>
Signed-off-by: Len Brown <len.brown@intel.com>
We can identify the root of the ACPI device tree by the fact that it
has no parent. This is simpler than passing around ACPI_BUS_TYPE_SYSTEM
and will help remove special treatment of the device tree root.
Currently, we add the root by hand with ACPI_BUS_TYPE_SYSTEM. If we
traverse the tree treating the root as just another device and use
acpi_get_type(), the root shows up as ACPI_TYPE_DEVICE.
Signed-off-by: Bjorn Helgaas <bjorn.helgaas@hp.com>
Signed-off-by: Len Brown <len.brown@intel.com>
This patch changes the order so we enumerate in the "root, namespace,
functional fixed" order instead of the "root, functional fixed, namespace"
order. When I change acpi_bus_scan() to use acpi_walk_namespace(), it
will use the former order, so this patch isolates the order change for
bisectability.
Signed-off-by: Bjorn Helgaas <bjorn.helgaas@hp.com>
Signed-off-by: Len Brown <len.brown@intel.com>
This patch changes acpi_bus_scan() to take an acpi_handle rather than an
acpi_device pointer. I plan to use acpi_bus_scan() in the hotplug path,
and I'd rather not assume that notifications only go to nodes that already
have acpi_devices.
This will also help remove the special case for adding the root node. We
currently add the root by hand before acpi_bus_scan(), but using a handle
here means we can start the acpi_bus_scan() directly with the root even
though it doesn't have an acpi_device yet.
Note that acpi_bus_scan() currently adds and/or starts the *children* of
its device argument. It doesn't do anything with the device itself.
Signed-off-by: Bjorn Helgaas <bjorn.helgaas@hp.com>
Signed-off-by: Len Brown <len.brown@intel.com>
This patch adds acpi_bus_get_parent(), which ascends the namespace until
it finds a parent with an acpi_device.
Then we use acpi_bus_get_parent() in acpi_add_single_object(), so callers
don't have to figure out or keep track of the parent acpi_device.
Signed-off-by: Bjorn Helgaas <bjorn.helgaas@hp.com>
Signed-off-by: Len Brown <len.brown@intel.com>
acpi_add_single_object() is static, and all callers supply a valid "child"
argument, so we don't need to check it. This patch also remove some
unnecessary initializations.
Signed-off-by: Bjorn Helgaas <bjorn.helgaas@hp.com>
Signed-off-by: Len Brown <len.brown@intel.com>
We now save the ACPI bus "device_type" in the acpi_device structure, so
we don't need to pass it around explicitly anymore.
Signed-off-by: Bjorn Helgaas <bjorn.helgaas@hp.com>
Signed-off-by: Len Brown <len.brown@intel.com>
We only pass the "type" to acpi_device_set_context() so we know whether
the device has a handle to which we can attach the acpi_device pointer.
But it's safer to just check for the handle directly, since it's in the
acpi_device already.
Signed-off-by: Bjorn Helgaas <bjorn.helgaas@hp.com>
Signed-off-by: Len Brown <len.brown@intel.com>
Check the acpi_device device_type rather than the HID.
Signed-off-by: Bjorn Helgaas <bjorn.helgaas@hp.com>
Signed-off-by: Len Brown <len.brown@intel.com>
Most uses of the ACPI bus device_type (ACPI_BUS_TYPE_DEVICE,
ACPI_BUS_TYPE_POWER, etc) are during device initialization, but
we do need it later for notify handler installation, since that
is different for fixed hardware devices vs. namespace devices.
This patch saves the device_type in the acpi_device structure,
so we can check that rather than comparing against the _HID string.
Signed-off-by: Bjorn Helgaas <bjorn.helgaas@hp.com>
Signed-off-by: Len Brown <len.brown@intel.com>
In several cases, functions take handle and parent device pointers in
addition to acpi_device pointers. But the acpi_device structure contains
both the handle and the parent pointer, so it's pointless and error-prone
to pass them all. This patch removes the unnecessary "handle" and "parent"
arguments.
Signed-off-by: Bjorn Helgaas <bjorn.helgaas@hp.com>
Signed-off-by: Len Brown <len.brown@intel.com>
We never use the "root" argument, so just remove it.
Signed-off-by: Bjorn Helgaas <bjorn.helgaas@hp.com>
Signed-off-by: Len Brown <len.brown@intel.com>
Add debug output for adding an ACPI device. Enable this with
"acpi.debug_layer=0x00010000" (ACPI_BUS_COMPONENT).
Signed-off-by: Bjorn Helgaas <bjorn.helgaas@hp.com>
Signed-off-by: Len Brown <len.brown@intel.com>
Fixed hardware devices have no handles, so just pass an explicit
NULL rather than something that looks like it might be meaningful.
acpi_device_notify() doesn't need the handle anyway; the only
reason it takes it as an argument is because the acpi_notify_handler
typedef requires it.
Signed-off-by: Bjorn Helgaas <bjorn.helgaas@hp.com>
Signed-off-by: Len Brown <len.brown@intel.com>
The wakeup.prepared flag is used for marking devices that have the
wake-up power already enabled, so that the wake-up power is not
enabled twice in a row for the same device. This assumes, however,
that device wake-up power will only be enabled once, while the device
is being prepared for a system-wide sleep transition, and the second
attempt is made by acpi_enable_wakeup_device_prep().
With the upcoming PCI wake-up rework this assumption will not hold
any more for PCI bridges and the root bridge whose wake-up power
may be enabled as a result of wake-up enable propagation from other
devices (eg. add-on devices that are not associated with any GPEs).
Thus, there may be many attempts to enable wake-up power on a PCI
bridge or the root bridge during a system power state transition
and it's better to replace wakeup.prepared with a reference counter.
Reviewed-by: Matthew Garrett <mjg59@srcf.ucam.org>
Signed-off-by: Rafael J. Wysocki <rjw@sisk.pl>
Signed-off-by: Jesse Barnes <jbarnes@virtuousgeek.org>
acpi_device->pnp.hardware_id and unique_id are now allocated pointers,
replacing the previous arrays. acpi_device_install_notify_handler()
oopsed on the NULL hid when probing the video device, and perhaps other
uses are vulnerable too. So initialize those pointers to empty strings
when there is no hid or uid. Also, free hardware_id and unique_id when
when acpi_device is going to be freed.
http://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=14096
Signed-off-by: Hugh Dickins <hugh.dickins@tiscali.co.uk>
Signed-off-by: Lin Ming <ming.m.lin@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Len Brown <len.brown@intel.com>
Handler was never invoked. Now invoked if/when host node is deleted.
Data object was not automatically deleted when host node was deleted.
Interface to handler had an unused parameter, removed it.
ACPICA BZ 778.
http://acpica.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=778
Signed-off-by: Bob Moore <robert.moore@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Lin Ming <ming.m.lin@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Len Brown <len.brown@intel.com>
Completed a major update for the acpi_get_object_info external interface.
Changes include:
- Support for variable, unlimited length HID, UID, and CID strings
- Support Processor objects the same as Devices (HID,UID,CID,ADR,STA, etc.)
- Call the _SxW power methods on behalf of a device object
- Determine if a device is a PCI root bridge
- Change the ACPI_BUFFER parameter to ACPI_DEVICE_INFO.
These changes will require an update to all callers of this interface.
See the ACPICA Programmer Reference for details.
Also, update all invocations of acpi_get_object_info interface
Signed-off-by: Bob Moore <robert.moore@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Lin Ming <ming.m.lin@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Len Brown <len.brown@intel.com>
No drivers use the .stop method, so remove it.
Signed-off-by: Bjorn Helgaas <bjorn.helgaas@hp.com>
Reviewed-by: Alex Chiang <achiang@hp.com>
Signed-off-by: Len Brown <len.brown@intel.com>
Now that new interface is available,
convert to using it rather than creating a new kernel thread.
Signed-off-by: Zhang Rui <rui.zhang@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Len Brown <len.brown@intel.com>
Align labels in column 0, adjust spacing in 'if' statements, eliminate
trailing and superfluous whitespaces.
Signed-off-by: Alex Chiang <achiang@hp.com>
Signed-off-by: Len Brown <len.brown@intel.com>
There is no apparent reason for acpi_device_register() to manually
register a new device in two steps (initialize then add).
Just call device_register() directly.
Signed-off-by: Alex Chiang <achiang@hp.com>
Signed-off-by: Len Brown <len.brown@intel.com>
Rafael J. Wysocki