Pull ARM updates from Russell King:
- add support for ELF fdpic binaries on both MMU and noMMU platforms
- linker script cleanups
- support for compressed .data section for XIP images
- discard memblock arrays when possible
- various cleanups
- atomic DMA pool updates
- better diagnostics of missing/corrupt device tree
- export information to allow userspace kexec tool to place images more
inteligently, so that the device tree isn't overwritten by the
booting kernel
- make early_printk more efficient on semihosted systems
- noMMU cleanups
- SA1111 PCMCIA update in preparation for further cleanups
* 'for-linus' of git://git.armlinux.org.uk/~rmk/linux-arm: (38 commits)
ARM: 8719/1: NOMMU: work around maybe-uninitialized warning
ARM: 8717/2: debug printch/printascii: translate '\n' to "\r\n" not "\n\r"
ARM: 8713/1: NOMMU: Support MPU in XIP configuration
ARM: 8712/1: NOMMU: Use more MPU regions to cover memory
ARM: 8711/1: V7M: Add support for MPU to M-class
ARM: 8710/1: Kconfig: Kill CONFIG_VECTORS_BASE
ARM: 8709/1: NOMMU: Disallow MPU for XIP
ARM: 8708/1: NOMMU: Rework MPU to be mostly done in C
ARM: 8707/1: NOMMU: Update MPU accessors to use cp15 helpers
ARM: 8706/1: NOMMU: Move out MPU setup in separate module
ARM: 8702/1: head-common.S: Clear lr before jumping to start_kernel()
ARM: 8705/1: early_printk: use printascii() rather than printch()
ARM: 8703/1: debug.S: move hexbuf to a writable section
ARM: add additional table to compressed kernel
ARM: decompressor: fix BSS size calculation
pcmcia: sa1111: remove special sa1111 mmio accessors
pcmcia: sa1111: use sa1111_get_irq() to obtain IRQ resources
ARM: better diagnostics with missing/corrupt dtb
ARM: 8699/1: dma-mapping: Remove init_dma_coherent_pool_size()
ARM: 8698/1: dma-mapping: Mark atomic_pool as __ro_after_init
..
Many source files in the tree are missing licensing information, which
makes it harder for compliance tools to determine the correct license.
By default all files without license information are under the default
license of the kernel, which is GPL version 2.
Update the files which contain no license information with the 'GPL-2.0'
SPDX license identifier. The SPDX identifier is a legally binding
shorthand, which can be used instead of the full boiler plate text.
This patch is based on work done by Thomas Gleixner and Kate Stewart and
Philippe Ombredanne.
How this work was done:
Patches were generated and checked against linux-4.14-rc6 for a subset of
the use cases:
- file had no licensing information it it.
- file was a */uapi/* one with no licensing information in it,
- file was a */uapi/* one with existing licensing information,
Further patches will be generated in subsequent months to fix up cases
where non-standard license headers were used, and references to license
had to be inferred by heuristics based on keywords.
The analysis to determine which SPDX License Identifier to be applied to
a file was done in a spreadsheet of side by side results from of the
output of two independent scanners (ScanCode & Windriver) producing SPDX
tag:value files created by Philippe Ombredanne. Philippe prepared the
base worksheet, and did an initial spot review of a few 1000 files.
The 4.13 kernel was the starting point of the analysis with 60,537 files
assessed. Kate Stewart did a file by file comparison of the scanner
results in the spreadsheet to determine which SPDX license identifier(s)
to be applied to the file. She confirmed any determination that was not
immediately clear with lawyers working with the Linux Foundation.
Criteria used to select files for SPDX license identifier tagging was:
- Files considered eligible had to be source code files.
- Make and config files were included as candidates if they contained >5
lines of source
- File already had some variant of a license header in it (even if <5
lines).
All documentation files were explicitly excluded.
The following heuristics were used to determine which SPDX license
identifiers to apply.
- when both scanners couldn't find any license traces, file was
considered to have no license information in it, and the top level
COPYING file license applied.
For non */uapi/* files that summary was:
SPDX license identifier # files
---------------------------------------------------|-------
GPL-2.0 11139
and resulted in the first patch in this series.
If that file was a */uapi/* path one, it was "GPL-2.0 WITH
Linux-syscall-note" otherwise it was "GPL-2.0". Results of that was:
SPDX license identifier # files
---------------------------------------------------|-------
GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note 930
and resulted in the second patch in this series.
- if a file had some form of licensing information in it, and was one
of the */uapi/* ones, it was denoted with the Linux-syscall-note if
any GPL family license was found in the file or had no licensing in
it (per prior point). Results summary:
SPDX license identifier # files
---------------------------------------------------|------
GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note 270
GPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 169
((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-2-Clause) 21
((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-3-Clause) 17
LGPL-2.1+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 15
GPL-1.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 14
((GPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-3-Clause) 5
LGPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 4
LGPL-2.1 WITH Linux-syscall-note 3
((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR MIT) 3
((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) AND MIT) 1
and that resulted in the third patch in this series.
- when the two scanners agreed on the detected license(s), that became
the concluded license(s).
- when there was disagreement between the two scanners (one detected a
license but the other didn't, or they both detected different
licenses) a manual inspection of the file occurred.
- In most cases a manual inspection of the information in the file
resulted in a clear resolution of the license that should apply (and
which scanner probably needed to revisit its heuristics).
- When it was not immediately clear, the license identifier was
confirmed with lawyers working with the Linux Foundation.
- If there was any question as to the appropriate license identifier,
the file was flagged for further research and to be revisited later
in time.
In total, over 70 hours of logged manual review was done on the
spreadsheet to determine the SPDX license identifiers to apply to the
source files by Kate, Philippe, Thomas and, in some cases, confirmation
by lawyers working with the Linux Foundation.
Kate also obtained a third independent scan of the 4.13 code base from
FOSSology, and compared selected files where the other two scanners
disagreed against that SPDX file, to see if there was new insights. The
Windriver scanner is based on an older version of FOSSology in part, so
they are related.
Thomas did random spot checks in about 500 files from the spreadsheets
for the uapi headers and agreed with SPDX license identifier in the
files he inspected. For the non-uapi files Thomas did random spot checks
in about 15000 files.
In initial set of patches against 4.14-rc6, 3 files were found to have
copy/paste license identifier errors, and have been fixed to reflect the
correct identifier.
Additionally Philippe spent 10 hours this week doing a detailed manual
inspection and review of the 12,461 patched files from the initial patch
version early this week with:
- a full scancode scan run, collecting the matched texts, detected
license ids and scores
- reviewing anything where there was a license detected (about 500+
files) to ensure that the applied SPDX license was correct
- reviewing anything where there was no detection but the patch license
was not GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note to ensure that the applied
SPDX license was correct
This produced a worksheet with 20 files needing minor correction. This
worksheet was then exported into 3 different .csv files for the
different types of files to be modified.
These .csv files were then reviewed by Greg. Thomas wrote a script to
parse the csv files and add the proper SPDX tag to the file, in the
format that the file expected. This script was further refined by Greg
based on the output to detect more types of files automatically and to
distinguish between header and source .c files (which need different
comment types.) Finally Greg ran the script using the .csv files to
generate the patches.
Reviewed-by: Kate Stewart <kstewart@linuxfoundation.org>
Reviewed-by: Philippe Ombredanne <pombredanne@nexb.com>
Reviewed-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
Provide the necessary changes to be able to execute ELF-FDPIC binaries
on ARM systems with an MMU.
The default for CONFIG_BINFMT_ELF_FDPIC is also set to n if the regular
ELF loader is already configured so not to force FDPIC support on
everyone. Given that CONFIG_BINFMT_ELF depends on CONFIG_MMU, this means
CONFIG_BINFMT_ELF_FDPIC will still default to y when !MMU.
Signed-off-by: Nicolas Pitre <nico@linaro.org>
Acked-by: Mickael GUENE <mickael.guene@st.com>
Tested-by: Vincent Abriou <vincent.abriou@st.com>
Tested-by: Andras Szemzo <szemzo.andras@gmail.com>
This includes the necessary code to recognise the FDPIC format on ARM
and the ptrace command definitions used by the common ptrace code.
Based on patches originally from Mickael Guene <mickael.guene@st.com>.
Signed-off-by: Nicolas Pitre <nico@linaro.org>
Acked-by: Mickael GUENE <mickael.guene@st.com>
Tested-by: Vincent Abriou <vincent.abriou@st.com>
Tested-by: Andras Szemzo <szemzo.andras@gmail.com>
Define the layout of the data structure shared between kernel and
userspace.
Track the vdso address in the mm_context; needed for communicating
AT_SYSINFO_EHDR to the ELF loader.
Add declarations for arm_install_vdso; implementation is in a
following patch.
Define AT_SYSINFO_EHDR, and, if CONFIG_VDSO=y, report the vdso shared
object address via the ELF auxiliary vector.
Note - this adds the AT_SYSINFO_EHDR in a new user-visible header
asm/auxvec.h; this is consistent with other architectures.
Signed-off-by: Nathan Lynch <nathan_lynch@mentor.com>
Signed-off-by: Russell King <rmk+kernel@arm.linux.org.uk>
In order for ASID macro to be used as expression passed to
inline asm as 'r' operand it needs to give 32 bit unsigned result,
not unsigned 64bit expression.
Otherwise when 64bit ASID is passed to inline assembler statement
as 'r' operand (32bit) compiler behavior is not well specified.
For example when __flush_tlb_mm function compiled in big endian
case, and ASID is passed to tlb_op macro directly, 0 will be passed
as 'mcr 15, 0, r4, cr8, cr3, {2}' argument in r4, unless ASID
macro changed to produce 32 bit result.
Signed-off-by: Victor Kamensky <victor.kamensky@linaro.org>
Acked-by: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Ben Dooks <ben.dooks@codethink.co.uk>
Move the signal handlers into a VDSO page rather than keeping them in
the vectors page. This allows us to place them randomly within this
page, and also map the page at a random location within userspace
further protecting these code fragments from ROP attacks. The new
VDSO page is also poisoned in the same way as the vector page.
Signed-off-by: Russell King <rmk+kernel@arm.linux.org.uk>
As of commit b9d4d42ad9 (ARM: Remove __ARCH_WANT_INTERRUPTS_ON_CTXSW on
pre-ARMv6 CPUs), the mm switching on VIVT processors is done in the
finish_arch_post_lock_switch() function to avoid whole cache flushing
with interrupts disabled. The need for deferred mm switch is stored as a
thread flag (TIF_SWITCH_MM). However, with preemption enabled, we can
have another thread switch before finish_arch_post_lock_switch(). If the
new thread has the same mm as the previous 'next' thread, the scheduler
will not call switch_mm() and the TIF_SWITCH_MM flag won't be set for
the new thread.
This patch moves the switch pending flag to the mm_context_t structure
since this is specific to the mm rather than thread.
Signed-off-by: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Reported-by: Marc Kleine-Budde <mkl@pengutronix.de>
Tested-by: Marc Kleine-Budde <mkl@pengutronix.de>
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org> # 3.5+
Signed-off-by: Russell King <rmk+kernel@arm.linux.org.uk>
mm->context.id is updated under asid_lock when a new ASID is allocated
to an mm_struct. However, it is also read without the lock when a task
is being scheduled and checking whether or not the current ASID
generation is up-to-date.
If two threads of the same process are being scheduled in parallel and
the bottom bits of the generation in their mm->context.id match the
current generation (that is, the mm_struct has not been used for ~2^24
rollovers) then the non-atomic, lockless access to mm->context.id may
yield the incorrect ASID.
This patch fixes this issue by making mm->context.id and atomic64_t,
ensuring that the generation is always read consistently. For code that
only requires access to the ASID bits (e.g. TLB flushing by mm), then
the value is accessed directly, which GCC converts to an ldrb.
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org> # 3.8
Reviewed-by: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Russell King <rmk+kernel@arm.linux.org.uk>
The kvm_seq value has nothing to do what so ever with this other KVM.
Given that KVM support on ARM is imminent, it's best to rename kvm_seq
into something else to clearly identify what it is about i.e. a sequence
number for vmalloc section mappings.
Signed-off-by: Nicolas Pitre <nico@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Russell King <rmk+kernel@arm.linux.org.uk>
ASIDs are allocated to MMU contexts based on a rolling counter. This
means that after 255 allocations we must invalidate all existing ASIDs
via an expensive IPI mechanism to synchronise all of the online CPUs and
ensure that all tasks execute with an ASID from the new generation.
This patch changes the rollover behaviour so that we rely instead on the
hardware broadcasting of the TLB invalidation to avoid the IPI calls.
This works by keeping track of the active ASID on each core, which is
then reserved in the case of a rollover so that currently scheduled
tasks can continue to run. For cores without hardware TLB broadcasting,
we keep track of pending flushes in a cpumask, so cores can flush their
local TLB before scheduling a new mm.
Reviewed-by: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Tested-by: Marc Zyngier <marc.zyngier@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
This patch removes the __ARCH_WANT_INTERRUPTS_ON_CTXSW definition for
ARMv5 and earlier processors. On such processors, the context switch
requires a full cache flush. To avoid high interrupt latencies, this
patch defers the mm switching to the post-lock switch hook if the
interrupts are disabled.
Reviewed-by: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
Tested-by: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
Reviewed-by: Frank Rowand <frank.rowand@am.sony.com>
Tested-by: Marc Zyngier <Marc.Zyngier@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Since the ASIDs must be unique to an mm across all the CPUs in a system,
the __new_context() function needs to broadcast a context reset event to
all the CPUs during ASID allocation if a roll-over occurred. Such IPIs
cannot be issued with interrupts disabled and ARM had to define
__ARCH_WANT_INTERRUPTS_ON_CTXSW.
This patch changes the check_context() function to
check_and_switch_context() called from switch_mm(). In case of
ASID-capable CPUs (ARMv6 onwards), if a new ASID is needed and the
interrupts are disabled, it defers the __new_context() and
cpu_switch_mm() calls to the post-lock switch hook where the interrupts
are enabled. Setting the reserved TTBR0 was also moved to
check_and_switch_context() from cpu_v7_switch_mm().
Reviewed-by: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
Tested-by: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
Reviewed-by: Frank Rowand <frank.rowand@am.sony.com>
Tested-by: Marc Zyngier <Marc.Zyngier@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Disintegrate asm/system.h for ARM.
Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
cc: Russell King <linux@arm.linux.org.uk>
cc: linux-arm-kernel@lists.infradead.org
Annotate the low level hardware locks which must not be preempted.
In mainline this change documents the low level nature of
the lock - otherwise there's no functional difference. Lockdep
and Sparse checking will work as usual.
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Russell King <rmk+kernel@arm.linux.org.uk>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
init_mm used at kernel/sched.c:idle_task_exit() has spin_lock
(init_mm.context.id_lock) that is not initialized when spin_lock/unlock
is called at an ARM machine. Note that mm_struct.context.id_lock is
usually initialized except for the instance of init_mm at
linux/arch/arm/mm/context.c
Not initializing this spinlock incurs "BUG: pinlock bad magic"
warning when spinlock debug is enabled. We have observed such
instances when testing PM in S5PC210 machines.
Signed-off-by: MyungJoo Ham <myungjoo.ham@samsung.com>
Signed-off-by: Kyungmin Park <kyungmin.park@samsung.com>
Signed-off-by: Russell King <rmk+kernel@arm.linux.org.uk>
The current ASID allocation algorithm doesn't ensure the notification
of the other CPUs when the ASID rolls over. This may lead to two
processes using the same ASID (but different generation) or multiple
threads of the same process using different ASIDs.
This patch adds the broadcasting of the ASID rollover event to the
other CPUs. To avoid a race on multiple CPUs modifying "cpu_last_asid"
during the handling of the broadcast, the ASID numbering now starts at
"smp_processor_id() + 1". At rollover, the cpu_last_asid will be set
to NR_CPUS.
Signed-off-by: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Russell King <rmk+kernel@arm.linux.org.uk>
Make VMAs per mm_struct as for MMU-mode linux. This solves two problems:
(1) In SYSV SHM where nattch for a segment does not reflect the number of
shmat's (and forks) done.
(2) In mmap() where the VMA's vm_mm is set to point to the parent mm by an
exec'ing process when VM_EXECUTABLE is specified, regardless of the fact
that a VMA might be shared and already have its vm_mm assigned to another
process or a dead process.
A new struct (vm_region) is introduced to track a mapped region and to remember
the circumstances under which it may be shared and the vm_list_struct structure
is discarded as it's no longer required.
This patch makes the following additional changes:
(1) Regions are now allocated with alloc_pages() rather than kmalloc() and
with no recourse to __GFP_COMP, so the pages are not composite. Instead,
each page has a reference on it held by the region. Anything else that is
interested in such a page will have to get a reference on it to retain it.
When the pages are released due to unmapping, each page is passed to
put_page() and will be freed when the page usage count reaches zero.
(2) Excess pages are trimmed after an allocation as the allocation must be
made as a power-of-2 quantity of pages.
(3) VMAs are added to the parent MM's R/B tree and mmap lists. As an MM may
end up with overlapping VMAs within the tree, the VMA struct address is
appended to the sort key.
(4) Non-anonymous VMAs are now added to the backing inode's prio list.
(5) Holes may be punched in anonymous VMAs with munmap(), releasing parts of
the backing region. The VMA and region structs will be split if
necessary.
(6) sys_shmdt() only releases one attachment to a SYSV IPC shared memory
segment instead of all the attachments at that addresss. Multiple
shmat()'s return the same address under NOMMU-mode instead of different
virtual addresses as under MMU-mode.
(7) Core dumping for ELF-FDPIC requires fewer exceptions for NOMMU-mode.
(8) /proc/maps is now the global list of mapped regions, and may list bits
that aren't actually mapped anywhere.
(9) /proc/meminfo gains a line (tagged "MmapCopy") that indicates the amount
of RAM currently allocated by mmap to hold mappable regions that can't be
mapped directly. These are copies of the backing device or file if not
anonymous.
These changes make NOMMU mode more similar to MMU mode. The downside is that
NOMMU mode requires some extra memory to track things over NOMMU without this
patch (VMAs are no longer shared, and there are now region structs).
Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Tested-by: Mike Frysinger <vapier.adi@gmail.com>
Acked-by: Paul Mundt <lethal@linux-sh.org>
Move platform independent header files to arch/arm/include/asm, leaving
those in asm/arch* and asm/plat* alone.
Signed-off-by: Russell King <rmk+kernel@arm.linux.org.uk>
Linus Torvalds