In arch/x86/kernel/dumpstack_64.c::dump_trace() we have this code:
...
if (!stack) {
unsigned long dummy;
stack = &dummy;
if (task && task != current)
stack = (unsigned long *)task->thread.sp;
}
bp = stack_frame(task, regs);
/*
* Print function call entries in all stacks, starting at the
* current stack address. If the stacks consist of nested
* exceptions
*/
tinfo = task_thread_info(task);
for (;;) {
char *id;
unsigned long *estack_end;
estack_end = in_exception_stack(cpu, (unsigned long)stack,
&used, &id);
...
You'll notice that we assign to 'stack' the address of the variable
'dummy' which is only in-scope inside the 'if (!stack)'. So when we later
access stack (at the end of the above, and assuming we did not take the
'if (task && task != current)' branch) we'll be using the address of a
variable that is no longer in scope. I believe this patch is the proper
fix, but I freely admit that I'm not 100% certain.
Signed-off-by: Jesper Juhl <jj@chaosbits.net>
LKML-Reference: <alpine.LNX.2.00.1101242232590.10252@swampdragon.chaosbits.net>
Signed-off-by: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@linux.intel.com>
The various stack tracing routines take a 'bp' argument in which the
caller is supposed to provide the base pointer to use, or 0 if doesn't
have one. Since bp is garbage whenever CONFIG_FRAME_POINTER is not
defined, this means all callers in principle should either always pass
0, or be conditional on CONFIG_FRAME_POINTER.
However, there are only really three use cases for stack tracing:
(a) Trace the current task, including IRQ stack if any
(b) Trace the current task, but skip IRQ stack
(c) Trace some other task
In all cases, if CONFIG_FRAME_POINTER is not defined, bp should just
be 0. If it _is_ defined, then
- in case (a) bp should be gotten directly from the CPU's register, so
the caller should pass NULL for regs,
- in case (b) the caller should should pass the IRQ registers to
dump_trace(),
- in case (c) bp should be gotten from the top of the task's stack, so
the caller should pass NULL for regs.
Hence, the bp argument is not necessary because the combination of
task and regs is sufficient to determine an appropriate value for bp.
This patch introduces a new inline function stack_frame(task, regs)
that computes the desired bp. This function is then called from the
two versions of dump_stack().
Signed-off-by: Soren Sandmann <ssp@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com>
Cc: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@zytor.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Cc: Arjan van de Ven <arjan@infradead.org>,
Cc: Frederic Weisbecker <fweisbec@gmail.com>,
Cc: Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@redhat.com>,
LKML-Reference: <m3oc9rop28.fsf@dhcp-100-3-82.bos.redhat.com>>
Signed-off-by: Frederic Weisbecker <fweisbec@gmail.com>
The stack output currently looks like this:
7fffffffffffffff 0000000a00000000 ffffffff81093341 0000000000000046
<0> ffff88003a545fd8 0000000000000000 0000000000000000 00007fffa39769c0
<0> ffff88003e403f58 ffffffff8102fc4c ffff88003e403f58 ffff88003e403f78
The superfluous <0> are caused by recent printk KERN_CONT
change. <*> is now ignored in printk unless some text follows
the level and even then it still has to be the first in the
format message.
Note that the log_lvl parameter is now completely ignored in
show_stack_log_lvl and the stack is dumped with the default
level (like for quite some time already). It behaves the same as
the rest of the dump, function traces are dumped in the very
same manner. Only Code and maybe some lines are printed with
EMERG level.
Unfortunately I see no way how to fix this conceptually to have
the whole oops/BUG/panic output with the same level, so this
removed only the superfluous characters for the time being.
Just for illustration:
<4>Process kworker/0:0 (pid: 0, threadinfo ffff88003c8a6000, task ffff88003c85c100)
<0>Stack:
<4> ffffffff818022c0 0000000a00000001 0000000000000001 0000000000000046
<4> ffff88003c8a7fd8 0000000000000001 ffff88003c8a7e58 0000000000000000
<4> ffff88003e503f48 ffffffff8102fc4c ffff88003e503f48 ffff88003e503f68
<0>Call Trace:
<0> <IRQ>
<4> [<ffffffff8102fc4c>] ? call_softirq+0x1c/0x30 ...
<0>Code: 00 01 00 00 65 8b 04 25 80 c5 00 00 c7 45 ...
Signed-off-by: Jiri Slaby <jslaby@suse.cz>
Cc: jirislaby@gmail.com
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
LKML-Reference: <1287586131-16222-1-git-send-email-jslaby@suse.cz>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
arch/x86/include/asm/stacktrace.h and arch/x86/kernel/dumpstack.h
declare headers of objects that deal with the same topic.
Actually most of the files that include stacktrace.h also include
dumpstack.h
Although dumpstack.h seems more reserved for internals of stack
traces, those are quite often needed to define specialized stack
trace operations. And perf event arch headers are going to need
access to such low level operations anyway. So don't continue to
bother with dumpstack.h as it's not anymore about isolated deep
internals.
v2: fix struct stack_frame definition conflict in sysprof
Signed-off-by: Frederic Weisbecker <fweisbec@gmail.com>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Cc: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@zytor.com>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Soeren Sandmann <sandmann@daimi.au.dk>
We were using the frame pointer based stack walker on every
contexts in x86-32, but not in x86-64 where we only use the
seven-league boots on the exception stacks.
Use it also on irq and process stacks. This utterly accelerate
the captures.
Signed-off-by: Frederic Weisbecker <fweisbec@gmail.com>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
Cc: Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@redhat.com>
Callers of a stacktrace might pass bad frame pointers. Those
are usually checked for safety in stack walking helpers before
any dereferencing, but this is not the case when we need to go
through one more frame pointer that backlinks the irq stack to
the previous one, as we don't have any reliable address boudaries
to compare this frame pointer against.
This raises crashes when we record callchains for ftrace events
with perf because we don't use the right helpers to capture
registers there. We get wrong frame pointers as we call
task_pt_regs() even on kernel threads, which is a wrong thing
as it gives us the initial state of any kernel threads freshly
created. This is even not what we want for user tasks. What we want
is a hot snapshot of registers when the ftrace event triggers, not
the state before a task entered the kernel.
This requires more thoughts to do it correctly though.
So first put a guardian to ensure the given frame pointer
can be dereferenced to avoid crashes. We'll think about how to fix
the callers in a subsequent patch.
Signed-off-by: Frederic Weisbecker <fweisbec@gmail.com>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@zytor.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
Cc: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Cc: 2.6.33.x <stable@kernel.org>
Cc: Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@redhat.com>
Print modules list during kernel BUG.
Signed-off-by: Alexey Dobriyan <adobriyan@gmail.com>
Cc: Arjan van de Ven <arjan@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
LKML-Reference: <new-submission>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
The check that ignores the debug and nmi stack frames is useless
now that we have a frame pointer that makes us start at the
right place. We don't anymore have to deal with these.
Signed-off-by: Frederic Weisbecker <fweisbec@gmail.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@redhat.com>
Cc: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
LKML-Reference: <1262235183-5320-2-git-send-regression-fweisbec@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
The current print_context_stack helper that does the stack
walking job is good for usual stacktraces as it walks through
all the stack and reports even addresses that look unreliable,
which is nice when we don't have frame pointers for example.
But we have users like perf that only require reliable
stacktraces, and those may want a more adapted stack walker, so
lets make this function a callback in stacktrace_ops that users
can tune for their needs.
Signed-off-by: Frederic Weisbecker <fweisbec@gmail.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@redhat.com>
Cc: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
LKML-Reference: <1261024834-5336-1-git-send-regression-fweisbec@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
* 'perf-fixes-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/linux-2.6-tip: (57 commits)
x86, perf events: Check if we have APIC enabled
perf_event: Fix variable initialization in other codepaths
perf kmem: Fix unused argument build warning
perf symbols: perf_header__read_build_ids() offset'n'size should be u64
perf symbols: dsos__read_build_ids() should read both user and kernel buildids
perf tools: Align long options which have no short forms
perf kmem: Show usage if no option is specified
sched: Mark sched_clock() as notrace
perf sched: Add max delay time snapshot
perf tools: Correct size given to memset
perf_event: Fix perf_swevent_hrtimer() variable initialization
perf sched: Fix for getting task's execution time
tracing/kprobes: Fix field creation's bad error handling
perf_event: Cleanup for cpu_clock_perf_event_update()
perf_event: Allocate children's perf_event_ctxp at the right time
perf_event: Clean up __perf_event_init_context()
hw-breakpoints: Modify breakpoints without unregistering them
perf probe: Update perf-probe document
perf probe: Support --del option
trace-kprobe: Support delete probe syntax
...
When we enter in irq, two things can happen to preserve the link
to the previous frame pointer:
- If we were in an irq already, we don't switch to the irq stack
as we are inside. We just need to save the previous frame
pointer and to link the new one to the previous.
- Otherwise we need another level of indirection. We enter the irq with
the previous stack. We save the previous bp inside and make bp
pointing to its saved address. Then we switch to the irq stack and
push bp another time but to the new stack. This makes two levels to
dereference instead of one.
In the second case, the current stacktrace code omits the second level
and loses the frame pointer accuracy. The stack that follows will then
be considered as unreliable.
Handling that makes the perf callchain happier.
Before:
43.94% [k] _raw_read_lock
|
--- _read_lock
|
|--60.53%-- send_sigio
| __kill_fasync
| kill_fasync
| evdev_pass_event
| evdev_event
| input_pass_event
| input_handle_event
| input_event
| synaptics_process_byte
| psmouse_handle_byte
| psmouse_interrupt
| serio_interrupt
| i8042_interrupt
| handle_IRQ_event
| handle_edge_irq
| handle_irq
| __irqentry_text_start
| ret_from_intr
| |
| |--30.43%-- __select
| |
| |--17.39%-- 0x454f15
| |
| |--13.04%-- __read
| |
| |--13.04%-- vread_hpet
| |
| |--13.04%-- _xcb_lock_io
| |
| --13.04%-- 0x7f630878ce8
After:
50.00% [k] _raw_read_lock
|
--- _read_lock
|
|--98.97%-- send_sigio
| __kill_fasync
| kill_fasync
| evdev_pass_event
| evdev_event
| input_pass_event
| input_handle_event
| input_event
| |
| |--96.88%-- synaptics_process_byte
| | psmouse_handle_byte
| | psmouse_interrupt
| | serio_interrupt
| | i8042_interrupt
| | handle_IRQ_event
| | handle_edge_irq
| | handle_irq
| | __irqentry_text_start
| | ret_from_intr
| | |
| | |--39.78%-- __const_udelay
| | | |
| | | |--91.89%-- ath5k_hw_register_timeout
| | | | ath5k_hw_noise_floor_calibration
| | | | ath5k_hw_reset
| | | | ath5k_reset
| | | | ath5k_config
| | | | ieee80211_hw_config
| | | | |
| | | | |--88.24%-- ieee80211_scan_work
| | | | | worker_thread
| | | | | kthread
| | | | | child_rip
| | | | |
| | | | --11.76%-- ieee80211_scan_completed
| | | | ieee80211_scan_work
| | | | worker_thread
| | | | kthread
| | | | child_rip
| | | |
| | | --8.11%-- ath5k_hw_noise_floor_calibration
| | | ath5k_hw_reset
| | | ath5k_reset
| | | ath5k_config
Note: This does not only affect perf events but also x86-64
stacktraces. They were considered as unreliable once we quit
the irq stack frame.
Signed-off-by: Frederic Weisbecker <fweisbec@gmail.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
Cc: Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@redhat.com>
Cc: "K. Prasad" <prasad@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: "H. Peter Anvin" <hpa@zytor.com>
Make the initialization more readable, plus tidy up a few small
visual details as well.
No change in functionality.
LKML-Reference: <new-submission>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
* remove asm/atomic.h inclusion from linux/utsname.h --
not needed after kref conversion
* remove linux/utsname.h inclusion from files which do not need it
NOTE: it looks like fs/binfmt_elf.c do not need utsname.h, however
due to some personality stuff it _is_ needed -- cowardly leave ELF-related
headers and files alone.
Signed-off-by: Alexey Dobriyan <adobriyan@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
About every callchains recorded with perf record are filled up
including the internal perfcounter nmi frame:
perf_callchain
perf_counter_overflow
intel_pmu_handle_irq
perf_counter_nmi_handler
notifier_call_chain
atomic_notifier_call_chain
notify_die
do_nmi
nmi
We want ignore this frame as it's not interesting for
instrumentation. To solve this, we simply ignore every frames
from nmi context.
New example of "perf report -s sym -c" after this patch:
9.59% [k] search_by_key
4.88%
search_by_key
reiserfs_read_locked_inode
reiserfs_iget
reiserfs_lookup
do_lookup
__link_path_walk
path_walk
do_path_lookup
user_path_at
vfs_fstatat
vfs_lstat
sys_newlstat
system_call_fastpath
__lxstat
0x406fb1
3.19%
search_by_key
search_by_entry_key
reiserfs_find_entry
reiserfs_lookup
do_lookup
__link_path_walk
path_walk
do_path_lookup
user_path_at
vfs_fstatat
vfs_lstat
sys_newlstat
system_call_fastpath
__lxstat
0x406fb1
[...]
For now this patch only solves the problem in x86-64.
Signed-off-by: Frederic Weisbecker <fweisbec@gmail.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Cc: Mike Galbraith <efault@gmx.de>
Cc: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
Cc: Anton Blanchard <anton@samba.org>
Cc: Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@redhat.com>
LKML-Reference: <1246474930-6088-1-git-send-email-fweisbec@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Move the irqstackptr variable from the PDA to per-cpu. Make the
stacks themselves per-cpu, removing some specific allocation code.
Add a seperate flag (is_boot_cpu) to simplify the per-cpu boot
adjustments.
tj: * sprinkle some underbars around.
* irq_stack_ptr is not used till traps_init(), no reason to
initialize it early. On SMP, just leaving it NULL till proper
initialization in setup_per_cpu_areas() works. Dropped
is_boot_cpu and early irq_stack_ptr initialization.
* do DECLARE/DEFINE_PER_CPU(char[IRQ_STACK_SIZE], irq_stack)
instead of (char, irq_stack[IRQ_STACK_SIZE]).
Signed-off-by: Brian Gerst <brgerst@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Impact: better dumpstack output
I noticed in my crash dumps and even in the stack tracer that a
lot of functions listed in the stack trace are simply
return_to_handler which is ftrace graphs way to insert its own
call into the return of a function.
But we lose out where the actually function was called from.
This patch adds in hooks to the dumpstack mechanism that detects
this and finds the real function to print. Both are printed to
let the user know that a hook is still in place.
This does give a funny side effect in the stack tracer output:
Depth Size Location (80 entries)
----- ---- --------
0) 4144 48 save_stack_trace+0x2f/0x4d
1) 4096 128 ftrace_call+0x5/0x2b
2) 3968 16 mempool_alloc_slab+0x16/0x18
3) 3952 384 return_to_handler+0x0/0x73
4) 3568 -240 stack_trace_call+0x11d/0x209
5) 3808 144 return_to_handler+0x0/0x73
6) 3664 -128 mempool_alloc+0x4d/0xfe
7) 3792 128 return_to_handler+0x0/0x73
8) 3664 -32 scsi_sg_alloc+0x48/0x4a [scsi_mod]
As you can see, the real functions are now negative. This is due
to them not being found inside the stack.
Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt <srostedt@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Impact: cleanup
As promised, now that dumpstack_32 and dumpstack_64 have so many bits
in common, we should merge the in-sync bits into a common file, to
prevent them from diverging again.
This patch removes bits which are common between dumpstack_32.c and
dumpstack_64.c and places them in a common dumpstack.c which is built
for both 32 and 64 bit arches.
Signed-off-by: Neil Horman <nhorman@tuxdriver.com>
Acked-by: Alexander van Heukelum <heukelum@fastmail.fm>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Makefile | 2
arch/x86/kernel/Makefile | 2
arch/x86/kernel/Makefile | 2
arch/x86/kernel/Makefile | 2
arch/x86/kernel/Makefile | 2
arch/x86/kernel/Makefile | 2
arch/x86/kernel/dumpstack.c | 319 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
arch/x86/kernel/dumpstack.h | 39 +++++
arch/x86/kernel/dumpstack_32.c | 294 -------------------------------------
arch/x86/kernel/dumpstack_64.c | 285 ------------------------------------
5 files changed, 363 insertions(+), 576 deletions(-)
Make i386's die() equal to x86_64's version.
Whitespace-only changes on x86_64, to make it equal to i386's
version. (user_mode and user_mode_vm are equal on x86_64.)
Signed-off-by: Alexander van Heukelum <heukelum@fastmail.fm>
Acked-by: Neil Horman <nhorman@tuxdriver.com>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Use oops_begin and oops_end in die_nmi.
Whitespace-only changes on x86_64, to make it equal to i386's
version.
Signed-off-by: Alexander van Heukelum <heukelum@fastmail.fm>
Acked-by: Neil Horman <nhorman@tuxdriver.com>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Always call oops_exit from oops_end, even if signr==0.
Also, move add_taint(TAINT_DIE) from __die to oops_end
on x86_64 and interchange two lines to make oops_end
more similar to the i386-version.
Signed-off-by: Alexander van Heukelum <heukelum@fastmail.fm>
Acked-by: Neil Horman <nhorman@tuxdriver.com>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
oops_end is preceded by either a call to __die, or a conditional
call to crash_kexec. Move the conditional call to crash_kexec
from the end of __die to the start of oops_end and remove
the superfluous call to crash_kexec in die_nmi.
Signed-off-by: Alexander van Heukelum <heukelum@fastmail.fm>
Acked-by: Neil Horman <nhorman@tuxdriver.com>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Change oops_end such that signr=0 signals that do_exit
is not to be called.
Currently, each use of __die is soon followed by a call
to oops_end and 'regs' is set to NULL if oops_end is expected
not to call do_exit. Change all such pairs to set signr=0
instead. On x86_64 oops_end is used 'bare' in die_nmi; use
signr=0 instead of regs=NULL there, too.
Signed-off-by: Alexander van Heukelum <heukelum@fastmail.fm>
Acked-by: Neil Horman <nhorman@tuxdriver.com>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Print the name of the last-accessed sysfs file when we oops, to help track
down oopses which occur in sysfs store/read handlers. Because these oopses
tend to not leave any trace of the offending code in the stack traces.
Cc: Kay Sievers <kay.sievers@vrfy.org>
Cc: Mathieu Desnoyers <mathieu.desnoyers@polymtl.ca>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>
After "dumpstack: x86: various small unification steps", the
assembler gives the following compile error. The error is in
dumpstack_64.c.
{standard input}: Assembler messages:
{standard input}:720: Error: Incorrect register `%rbx' used with `l' suffix
{standard input}:1340: Error: Incorrect register `%r12' used with `l' suffix
Indeed the suffix in get_bp() was wrong.
Signed-off-by: Alexander van Heukelum <heukelum@fastmail.fm>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
- define STACKSLOTS_PER_LINE and use it
- define get_bp macro to hide the %%ebp/%%rbp difference
- i386: check task==NULL in dump_trace, like x86_64
- i386: show_trace(NULL, ...) uses current automatically
- x86_64: use [#%d] for die_counter, like i386
- whitespace and comments
Signed-off-by: Alexander van Heukelum <heukelum@fastmail.fm>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
- x86: Write log_lvl strings if available
- start raw stack dumps on new line
- i386: Remove extra indentation for raw stack dumps
Signed-off-by: Alexander van Heukelum <heukelum@fastmail.fm>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
- i386 and x86_64: always printk the 'data' parameter
- i386: announce stack switch (irq -> normal)
- i386: check if there is a stack switch before announcing it
There is a warning that 'context' might come out corrupt in early
boot. If this is true it should be fixed, not worked around.
Signed-off-by: Alexander van Heukelum <heukelum@fastmail.fm>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
- Add "end" parameter to valid_stack_ptr and print_context_stack
- use sizeof(long) as the size of a word on the stack
Signed-off-by: Alexander van Heukelum <heukelum@fastmail.fm>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
- x86_64: use %p to print an address
- make i386-version the same as the above
The result should be the same on x86_64; on i386 the
output only changes if CONFIG_KALLSYMS is turned off,
in which case the address is printed twice.
Signed-off-by: Alexander van Heukelum <heukelum@fastmail.fm>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
The dumpstack code is logically quite independent from the
hardware traps. Split it out into its own file.
Signed-off-by: Alexander van Heukelum <heukelum@fastmail.fm>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Jesper Juhl