GNU Make automatically deletes intermediate files that are updated
in a chain of pattern rules.
Example 1) %.dtb.o <- %.dtb.S <- %.dtb <- %.dts
Example 2) %.o <- %.c <- %.c_shipped
A couple of makefiles mark such targets as .PRECIOUS to prevent Make
from deleting them, but the correct way is to use .SECONDARY.
.SECONDARY
Prerequisites of this special target are treated as intermediate
files but are never automatically deleted.
.PRECIOUS
When make is interrupted during execution, it may delete the target
file it is updating if the file was modified since make started.
If you mark the file as precious, make will never delete the file
if interrupted.
Both can avoid deletion of intermediate files, but the difference is
the behavior when Make is interrupted; .SECONDARY deletes the target,
but .PRECIOUS does not.
The use of .PRECIOUS is relatively rare since we do not want to keep
partially constructed (possibly corrupted) targets.
Another difference is that .PRECIOUS works with pattern rules whereas
.SECONDARY does not.
.PRECIOUS: $(obj)/%.lex.c
works, but
.SECONDARY: $(obj)/%.lex.c
has no effect. However, for the reason above, I do not want to use
.PRECIOUS which could cause obscure build breakage.
The targets specified as .SECONDARY must be explicit. $(targets)
contains all targets that need to include .*.cmd files. So, the
intermediates you want to keep are mostly in there. Therefore, mark
$(targets) as .SECONDARY. It means primary targets are also marked
as .SECONDARY, but I do not see any drawback for this.
I replaced some .SECONDARY / .PRECIOUS markers with 'targets'. This
will make Kbuild search for non-existing .*.cmd files, but this is
not a noticeable performance issue.
Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <yamada.masahiro@socionext.com>
Acked-by: Frank Rowand <frowand.list@gmail.com>
Acked-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
The decision to rebuild .S_shipped is made based on the relative
timestamps of .S_shipped and .pl files but git makes this essentially
random. This means that the perl script might run anyway (usually at
most once per checkout), defeating the whole purpose of _shipped.
Fix by skipping the rule unless explicit make variables are provided:
REGENERATE_ARM_CRYPTO or REGENERATE_ARM64_CRYPTO.
This can produce nasty occasional build failures downstream, for example
for toolchains with broken perl. The solution is minimally intrusive to
make it easier to push into stable.
Another report on a similar issue here: https://lkml.org/lkml/2018/3/8/1379
Signed-off-by: Leonard Crestez <leonard.crestez@nxp.com>
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Masahiro Yamada <yamada.masahiro@socionext.com>
Acked-by: Ard Biesheuvel <ard.biesheuvel@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Herbert Xu <herbert@gondor.apana.org.au>
Add an ARM NEON-accelerated implementation of Speck-XTS. It operates on
128-byte chunks at a time, i.e. 8 blocks for Speck128 or 16 blocks for
Speck64. Each 128-byte chunk goes through XTS preprocessing, then is
encrypted/decrypted (doing one cipher round for all the blocks, then the
next round, etc.), then goes through XTS postprocessing.
The performance depends on the processor but can be about 3 times faster
than the generic code. For example, on an ARMv7 processor we observe
the following performance with Speck128/256-XTS:
xts-speck128-neon: Encryption 107.9 MB/s, Decryption 108.1 MB/s
xts(speck128-generic): Encryption 32.1 MB/s, Decryption 36.6 MB/s
In comparison to AES-256-XTS without the Cryptography Extensions:
xts-aes-neonbs: Encryption 41.2 MB/s, Decryption 36.7 MB/s
xts(aes-asm): Encryption 31.7 MB/s, Decryption 30.8 MB/s
xts(aes-generic): Encryption 21.2 MB/s, Decryption 20.9 MB/s
Speck64/128-XTS is even faster:
xts-speck64-neon: Encryption 138.6 MB/s, Decryption 139.1 MB/s
Note that as with the generic code, only the Speck128 and Speck64
variants are supported. Also, for now only the XTS mode of operation is
supported, to target the disk and file encryption use cases. The NEON
code also only handles the portion of the data that is evenly divisible
into 128-byte chunks, with any remainder handled by a C fallback. Of
course, other modes of operation could be added later if needed, and/or
the NEON code could be updated to handle other buffer sizes.
The XTS specification is only defined for AES which has a 128-bit block
size, so for the GF(2^64) math needed for Speck64-XTS we use the
reducing polynomial 'x^64 + x^4 + x^3 + x + 1' given by the original XEX
paper. Of course, when possible users should use Speck128-XTS, but even
that may be too slow on some processors; Speck64-XTS can be faster.
Signed-off-by: Eric Biggers <ebiggers@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Herbert Xu <herbert@gondor.apana.org.au>
Many source files in the tree are missing licensing information, which
makes it harder for compliance tools to determine the correct license.
By default all files without license information are under the default
license of the kernel, which is GPL version 2.
Update the files which contain no license information with the 'GPL-2.0'
SPDX license identifier. The SPDX identifier is a legally binding
shorthand, which can be used instead of the full boiler plate text.
This patch is based on work done by Thomas Gleixner and Kate Stewart and
Philippe Ombredanne.
How this work was done:
Patches were generated and checked against linux-4.14-rc6 for a subset of
the use cases:
- file had no licensing information it it.
- file was a */uapi/* one with no licensing information in it,
- file was a */uapi/* one with existing licensing information,
Further patches will be generated in subsequent months to fix up cases
where non-standard license headers were used, and references to license
had to be inferred by heuristics based on keywords.
The analysis to determine which SPDX License Identifier to be applied to
a file was done in a spreadsheet of side by side results from of the
output of two independent scanners (ScanCode & Windriver) producing SPDX
tag:value files created by Philippe Ombredanne. Philippe prepared the
base worksheet, and did an initial spot review of a few 1000 files.
The 4.13 kernel was the starting point of the analysis with 60,537 files
assessed. Kate Stewart did a file by file comparison of the scanner
results in the spreadsheet to determine which SPDX license identifier(s)
to be applied to the file. She confirmed any determination that was not
immediately clear with lawyers working with the Linux Foundation.
Criteria used to select files for SPDX license identifier tagging was:
- Files considered eligible had to be source code files.
- Make and config files were included as candidates if they contained >5
lines of source
- File already had some variant of a license header in it (even if <5
lines).
All documentation files were explicitly excluded.
The following heuristics were used to determine which SPDX license
identifiers to apply.
- when both scanners couldn't find any license traces, file was
considered to have no license information in it, and the top level
COPYING file license applied.
For non */uapi/* files that summary was:
SPDX license identifier # files
---------------------------------------------------|-------
GPL-2.0 11139
and resulted in the first patch in this series.
If that file was a */uapi/* path one, it was "GPL-2.0 WITH
Linux-syscall-note" otherwise it was "GPL-2.0". Results of that was:
SPDX license identifier # files
---------------------------------------------------|-------
GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note 930
and resulted in the second patch in this series.
- if a file had some form of licensing information in it, and was one
of the */uapi/* ones, it was denoted with the Linux-syscall-note if
any GPL family license was found in the file or had no licensing in
it (per prior point). Results summary:
SPDX license identifier # files
---------------------------------------------------|------
GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note 270
GPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 169
((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-2-Clause) 21
((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-3-Clause) 17
LGPL-2.1+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 15
GPL-1.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 14
((GPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-3-Clause) 5
LGPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 4
LGPL-2.1 WITH Linux-syscall-note 3
((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR MIT) 3
((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) AND MIT) 1
and that resulted in the third patch in this series.
- when the two scanners agreed on the detected license(s), that became
the concluded license(s).
- when there was disagreement between the two scanners (one detected a
license but the other didn't, or they both detected different
licenses) a manual inspection of the file occurred.
- In most cases a manual inspection of the information in the file
resulted in a clear resolution of the license that should apply (and
which scanner probably needed to revisit its heuristics).
- When it was not immediately clear, the license identifier was
confirmed with lawyers working with the Linux Foundation.
- If there was any question as to the appropriate license identifier,
the file was flagged for further research and to be revisited later
in time.
In total, over 70 hours of logged manual review was done on the
spreadsheet to determine the SPDX license identifiers to apply to the
source files by Kate, Philippe, Thomas and, in some cases, confirmation
by lawyers working with the Linux Foundation.
Kate also obtained a third independent scan of the 4.13 code base from
FOSSology, and compared selected files where the other two scanners
disagreed against that SPDX file, to see if there was new insights. The
Windriver scanner is based on an older version of FOSSology in part, so
they are related.
Thomas did random spot checks in about 500 files from the spreadsheets
for the uapi headers and agreed with SPDX license identifier in the
files he inspected. For the non-uapi files Thomas did random spot checks
in about 15000 files.
In initial set of patches against 4.14-rc6, 3 files were found to have
copy/paste license identifier errors, and have been fixed to reflect the
correct identifier.
Additionally Philippe spent 10 hours this week doing a detailed manual
inspection and review of the 12,461 patched files from the initial patch
version early this week with:
- a full scancode scan run, collecting the matched texts, detected
license ids and scores
- reviewing anything where there was a license detected (about 500+
files) to ensure that the applied SPDX license was correct
- reviewing anything where there was no detection but the patch license
was not GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note to ensure that the applied
SPDX license was correct
This produced a worksheet with 20 files needing minor correction. This
worksheet was then exported into 3 different .csv files for the
different types of files to be modified.
These .csv files were then reviewed by Greg. Thomas wrote a script to
parse the csv files and add the proper SPDX tag to the file, in the
format that the file expected. This script was further refined by Greg
based on the output to detect more types of files automatically and to
distinguish between header and source .c files (which need different
comment types.) Finally Greg ran the script using the .csv files to
generate the patches.
Reviewed-by: Kate Stewart <kstewart@linuxfoundation.org>
Reviewed-by: Philippe Ombredanne <pombredanne@nexb.com>
Reviewed-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
The accelerated CRC32 module for ARM may use either the scalar CRC32
instructions, the NEON 64x64 to 128 bit polynomial multiplication
(vmull.p64) instruction, or both, depending on what the current CPU
supports.
However, this also requires support in binutils, and as it turns out,
versions of binutils exist that support the vmull.p64 instruction but
not the crc32 instructions.
So refactor the Makefile logic so that this module only gets built if
binutils has support for both.
Signed-off-by: Ard Biesheuvel <ard.biesheuvel@linaro.org>
Acked-by: Jon Hunter <jonathanh@nvidia.com>
Tested-by: Jon Hunter <jonathanh@nvidia.com>
Signed-off-by: Herbert Xu <herbert@gondor.apana.org.au>
This replaces the unwieldy generated implementation of bit-sliced AES
in CBC/CTR/XTS modes that originated in the OpenSSL project with a
new version that is heavily based on the OpenSSL implementation, but
has a number of advantages over the old version:
- it does not rely on the scalar AES cipher that also originated in the
OpenSSL project and contains redundant lookup tables and key schedule
generation routines (which we already have in crypto/aes_generic.)
- it uses the same expanded key schedule for encryption and decryption,
reducing the size of the per-key data structure by 1696 bytes
- it adds an implementation of AES in ECB mode, which can be wrapped by
other generic chaining mode implementations
- it moves the handling of corner cases that are non critical to performance
to the glue layer written in C
- it was written directly in assembler rather than generated from a Perl
script
Signed-off-by: Ard Biesheuvel <ard.biesheuvel@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Herbert Xu <herbert@gondor.apana.org.au>
This replaces the scalar AES cipher that originates in the OpenSSL project
with a new implementation that is ~15% (*) faster (on modern cores), and
reuses the lookup tables and the key schedule generation routines from the
generic C implementation (which is usually compiled in anyway due to
networking and other subsystems depending on it).
Note that the bit sliced NEON code for AES still depends on the scalar cipher
that this patch replaces, so it is not removed entirely yet.
* On Cortex-A57, the performance increases from 17.0 to 14.9 cycles per byte
for 128-bit keys.
Signed-off-by: Ard Biesheuvel <ard.biesheuvel@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Herbert Xu <herbert@gondor.apana.org.au>
This is a straight port to ARM/NEON of the x86 SSE3 implementation
of the ChaCha20 stream cipher. It uses the new skcipher walksize
attribute to process the input in strides of 4x the block size.
Signed-off-by: Ard Biesheuvel <ard.biesheuvel@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Herbert Xu <herbert@gondor.apana.org.au>
This patch reverts the following commits:
8621caa0d48096667273
I should not have applied them because they had already been
obsoleted by a subsequent patch series. They also cause a build
failure because of the subsequent commit 9ae433bc79.
Fixes: 9ae433bc79 ("crypto: chacha20 - convert generic and...")
Signed-off-by: Herbert Xu <herbert@gondor.apana.org.au>
This is a straight port to ARM/NEON of the x86 SSE3 implementation
of the ChaCha20 stream cipher.
Signed-off-by: Ard Biesheuvel <ard.biesheuvel@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Herbert Xu <herbert@gondor.apana.org.au>
This is a combination of the the Intel algorithm implemented using SSE
and PCLMULQDQ instructions from arch/x86/crypto/crc32-pclmul_asm.S, and
the new CRC32 extensions introduced for both 32-bit and 64-bit ARM in
version 8 of the architecture. Two versions of the above combo are
provided, one for CRC32 and one for CRC32C.
The PMULL/NEON algorithm is faster, but operates on blocks of at least
64 bytes, and on multiples of 16 bytes only. For the remaining input,
or for all input on systems that lack the PMULL 64x64->128 instructions,
the CRC32 instructions will be used.
Signed-off-by: Ard Biesheuvel <ard.biesheuvel@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Herbert Xu <herbert@gondor.apana.org.au>
This is a transliteration of the Intel algorithm implemented
using SSE and PCLMULQDQ instructions that resides in the file
arch/x86/crypto/crct10dif-pcl-asm_64.S, but simplified to only
operate on buffers that are 16 byte aligned (but of any size)
Signed-off-by: Ard Biesheuvel <ard.biesheuvel@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Herbert Xu <herbert@gondor.apana.org.au>
This replaces the SHA-512 NEON module with the faster and more
versatile implementation from the OpenSSL project. It consists
of both a NEON and a generic ASM version of the core SHA-512
transform, where the NEON version reverts to the ASM version
when invoked in non-process context.
This patch is based on the OpenSSL upstream version b1a5d1c65208
of sha512-armv4.pl, which can be found here:
https://git.openssl.org/gitweb/?p=openssl.git;h=b1a5d1c65208
Performance relative to the generic implementation (measured
using tcrypt.ko mode=306 sec=1 running on a Cortex-A57 under
KVM):
input size block size asm neon old neon
16 16 1.39 2.54 2.21
64 16 1.32 2.33 2.09
64 64 1.38 2.53 2.19
256 16 1.31 2.28 2.06
256 64 1.38 2.54 2.25
256 256 1.40 2.77 2.39
1024 16 1.29 2.22 2.01
1024 256 1.40 2.82 2.45
1024 1024 1.41 2.93 2.53
2048 16 1.33 2.21 2.00
2048 256 1.40 2.84 2.46
2048 1024 1.41 2.96 2.55
2048 2048 1.41 2.98 2.56
4096 16 1.34 2.20 1.99
4096 256 1.40 2.84 2.46
4096 1024 1.41 2.97 2.56
4096 4096 1.41 3.01 2.58
8192 16 1.34 2.19 1.99
8192 256 1.40 2.85 2.47
8192 1024 1.41 2.98 2.56
8192 4096 1.41 2.71 2.59
8192 8192 1.51 3.51 2.69
Acked-by: Jussi Kivilinna <jussi.kivilinna@iki.fi>
Signed-off-by: Ard Biesheuvel <ard.biesheuvel@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Herbert Xu <herbert@gondor.apana.org.au>
Old versions of binutils (before 2.23) do not yet understand the
crypto-neon-fp-armv8 fpu instructions, and an attempt to build these
files results in a build failure:
arch/arm/crypto/aes-ce-core.S:133: Error: selected processor does not support ARM mode `vld1.8 {q10-q11},[ip]!'
arch/arm/crypto/aes-ce-core.S:133: Error: bad instruction `aese.8 q0,q8'
arch/arm/crypto/aes-ce-core.S:133: Error: bad instruction `aesmc.8 q0,q0'
arch/arm/crypto/aes-ce-core.S:133: Error: bad instruction `aese.8 q0,q9'
arch/arm/crypto/aes-ce-core.S:133: Error: bad instruction `aesmc.8 q0,q0'
Since the affected versions are still in widespread use, and this breaks
'allmodconfig' builds, we should try to at least get a successful kernel
build. Unfortunately, I could not come up with a way to make the Kconfig
symbol depend on the binutils version, which would be the nicest solution.
Instead, this patch uses the 'as-instr' Kbuild macro to find out whether
the support is present in the assembler, and otherwise emits a non-fatal
warning indicating which selected modules could not be built.
Signed-off-by: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
Link: http://storage.kernelci.org/next/next-20150410/arm-allmodconfig/build.log
Fixes: 864cbeed4a ("crypto: arm - add support for SHA1 using ARMv8 Crypto Instructions")
[ard.biesheuvel:
- omit modules entirely instead of building empty ones if binutils is too old
- update commit log accordingly]
Signed-off-by: Ard Biesheuvel <ard.biesheuvel@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Herbert Xu <herbert@gondor.apana.org.au>
This implements the GHASH hash algorithm (as used by the GCM AEAD
chaining mode) using the AArch32 version of the 64x64 to 128 bit
polynomial multiplication instruction (vmull.p64) that is part of
the ARMv8 Crypto Extensions.
Signed-off-by: Ard Biesheuvel <ard.biesheuvel@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Herbert Xu <herbert@gondor.apana.org.au>
This implements the ECB, CBC, CTR and XTS asynchronous block ciphers
using the AArch32 versions of the ARMv8 Crypto Extensions for AES.
Signed-off-by: Ard Biesheuvel <ard.biesheuvel@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Herbert Xu <herbert@gondor.apana.org.au>
This implements the SHA-224/256 secure hash algorithm using the AArch32
versions of the ARMv8 Crypto Extensions for SHA2.
Signed-off-by: Ard Biesheuvel <ard.biesheuvel@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Herbert Xu <herbert@gondor.apana.org.au>
This implements the SHA1 secure hash algorithm using the AArch32
versions of the ARMv8 Crypto Extensions for SHA1.
Signed-off-by: Ard Biesheuvel <ard.biesheuvel@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Herbert Xu <herbert@gondor.apana.org.au>
Bit sliced AES gives around 45% speedup on Cortex-A15 for encryption
and around 25% for decryption. This implementation of the AES algorithm
does not rely on any lookup tables so it is believed to be invulnerable
to cache timing attacks.
This algorithm processes up to 8 blocks in parallel in constant time. This
means that it is not usable by chaining modes that are strictly sequential
in nature, such as CBC encryption. CBC decryption, however, can benefit from
this implementation and runs about 25% faster. The other chaining modes
implemented in this module, XTS and CTR, can execute fully in parallel in
both directions.
The core code has been adopted from the OpenSSL project (in collaboration
with the original author, on cc). For ease of maintenance, this version is
identical to the upstream OpenSSL code, i.e., all modifications that were
required to make it suitable for inclusion into the kernel have been made
upstream. The original can be found here:
http://git.openssl.org/gitweb/?p=openssl.git;a=commit;h=6f6a6130
Note to integrators:
While this implementation is significantly faster than the existing table
based ones (generic or ARM asm), especially in CTR mode, the effects on
power efficiency are unclear as of yet. This code does fundamentally more
work, by calculating values that the table based code obtains by a simple
lookup; only by doing all of that work in a SIMD fashion, it manages to
perform better.
Cc: Andy Polyakov <appro@openssl.org>
Acked-by: Nicolas Pitre <nico@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Ard Biesheuvel <ard.biesheuvel@linaro.org>
Add assembler versions of AES and SHA1 for ARM platforms. This has provided
up to a 50% improvement in IPsec/TCP throughout for tunnels using AES128/SHA1.
Platform CPU SPeed Endian Before (bps) After (bps) Improvement
IXP425 533 MHz big 11217042 15566294 ~38%
KS8695 166 MHz little 3828549 5795373 ~51%
Signed-off-by: David McCullough <ucdevel@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Herbert Xu <herbert@gondor.apana.org.au>
Masahiro Yamada