mirror of https://gitee.com/openkylin/lintian.git
106 lines
3.7 KiB
Markdown
106 lines
3.7 KiB
Markdown
Lintian - Static Debian package analysis tool
|
|
=============================================
|
|
|
|
Lintian is a static analysis tool for finding many bugs, policy
|
|
violations and other issues in Debian based packages. It can process
|
|
binary Debian packages (.deb), micro/installer packages (.udeb),
|
|
Debian source packages (.dsc) and (to a limited degree) the "buildinfo"
|
|
and "changes" files.
|
|
|
|
|
|
Running Lintian
|
|
===============
|
|
|
|
Running Lintian is as simple as invoking
|
|
|
|
$ lintian path/to/pkg_version_arch.changes
|
|
|
|
Alternatively, you can pass Lintian binary/udeb or dsc files directly
|
|
instead of the .changes file. Lintian is designed to work directly
|
|
from the source tree (simply use "frontend/lintian" itself).
|
|
|
|
For information about command options, please run lintian (or
|
|
lintian-info) with "--help". Alternatively, you can also read the
|
|
manpages lintian(1) and lintian-info(1).
|
|
|
|
Advice / Tips and Tricks
|
|
------------------------
|
|
|
|
If there is a tag you are not familiar with, you can use "--info" or
|
|
lintian-info to get more information:
|
|
|
|
$ lintian-info -t no-version-field
|
|
|
|
If you want to enable all tags, simply use the "Evil and pedantic"
|
|
mnemonic:
|
|
|
|
$ lintian -EvIL +pedantic path/to/pkg_version_arch.changes
|
|
|
|
You may want to drop the "-v", which may make Lintian more verbose
|
|
than you would like. Also, keep in mind that "-E" enables
|
|
"experimental" tags and "-L +pedantic" enables some very pedantic
|
|
tags.
|
|
|
|
Lintian is not always right! Static analysis involves a trade-off
|
|
between "accuracy" and CPU/memory usage. Furthermore, in some cases,
|
|
certain packages trigger a corner case where the Debian Policy gives
|
|
more leeway than Lintian does.
|
|
|
|
If you have installed Lintian via the "lintian" Debian package, you
|
|
can find the Lintian User's Manual in:
|
|
|
|
$ sensible-browser /usr/share/doc/lintian/lintian.html
|
|
# or in txt format
|
|
$ zless /usr/share/doc/lintian/lintian.txt.gz
|
|
|
|
|
|
Compiling Lintian
|
|
=================
|
|
|
|
Lintian is written in pure Perl and therefore does not require any
|
|
"building" at all. Consequently, Lintian currently does not have a
|
|
build system. Instead it relies on its Debian build system
|
|
(implemented in debian/rules) and debhelper. Thus, on Debian-based
|
|
systems, installing the build dependencies (see debian/control) and
|
|
running:
|
|
|
|
$ dpkg-buildpackage
|
|
|
|
will provide you with a "lintian" Debian package.
|
|
|
|
So far there has been little work in providing a stand-alone build
|
|
system as Lintian requires a fair share of "Debian specific" tools and
|
|
libraries, including the "Dpkg" and "AptPkg" Perl modules.
|
|
|
|
We are willing to accept and maintain a stand-alone build system for
|
|
Lintian. Where not intrusive, we may also be willing to accept
|
|
alternative dependencies for "Debian specific" libraries/tools.
|
|
|
|
Developing/Patching Lintian
|
|
===========================
|
|
|
|
If you are interested in developing patches for Lintian or just
|
|
writing your own Lintian checks, please review
|
|
[CONTRIBUTING.md](CONTRIBUTING.md).
|
|
|
|
Feedback
|
|
========
|
|
|
|
Please file bugs against the "lintian" package in the Debian Bug
|
|
Tracker. We recommend using reportbug(1) for filing bugs, but
|
|
in its absence you send a [mail to the BTS][bts-report-bug].
|
|
|
|
Any comments, critics, or suggestions about Lintian or related topics
|
|
are highly appreciated by the authors! Please contact
|
|
<lintian-maint@debian.org>. Thanks!
|
|
|
|
Please note that all data submitted to the Debian Bug Tracker and the
|
|
address <lintian-maint@debian.org> will be available to the general
|
|
public. Should you be aware of a severe non-disclosed security issue
|
|
in Lintian, then please contact the
|
|
[Debian Security Team][report-security-issue] instead.
|
|
|
|
[bts-report-bug]: https://www.debian.org/Bugs/Reporting
|
|
|
|
[report-security-issue]: https://www.debian.org/security/faq#contact
|