linux/arch/x86/kernel/Makefile

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#
# Makefile for the linux kernel.
#
extra-y := head_$(BITS).o head$(BITS).o head.o vmlinux.lds
CPPFLAGS_vmlinux.lds += -U$(UTS_MACHINE)
ifdef CONFIG_FUNCTION_TRACER
# Do not profile debug and lowlevel utilities
CFLAGS_REMOVE_tsc.o = -pg
CFLAGS_REMOVE_paravirt-spinlocks.o = -pg
CFLAGS_REMOVE_pvclock.o = -pg
CFLAGS_REMOVE_kvmclock.o = -pg
CFLAGS_REMOVE_ftrace.o = -pg
CFLAGS_REMOVE_early_printk.o = -pg
endif
objtool: Mark non-standard object files and directories Code which runs outside the kernel's normal mode of operation often does unusual things which can cause a static analysis tool like objtool to emit false positive warnings: - boot image - vdso image - relocation - realmode - efi - head - purgatory - modpost Set OBJECT_FILES_NON_STANDARD for their related files and directories, which will tell objtool to skip checking them. It's ok to skip them because they don't affect runtime stack traces. Also skip the following code which does the right thing with respect to frame pointers, but is too "special" to be validated by a tool: - entry - mcount Also skip the test_nx module because it modifies its exception handling table at runtime, which objtool can't understand. Fortunately it's just a test module so it doesn't matter much. Currently objtool is the only user of OBJECT_FILES_NON_STANDARD, but it might eventually be useful for other tools. Signed-off-by: Josh Poimboeuf <jpoimboe@redhat.com> Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Cc: Andy Lutomirski <luto@kernel.org> Cc: Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@kernel.org> Cc: Bernd Petrovitsch <bernd@petrovitsch.priv.at> Cc: Borislav Petkov <bp@alien8.de> Cc: Chris J Arges <chris.j.arges@canonical.com> Cc: Jiri Slaby <jslaby@suse.cz> Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org> Cc: Michal Marek <mmarek@suse.cz> Cc: Namhyung Kim <namhyung@gmail.com> Cc: Pedro Alves <palves@redhat.com> Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org> Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de> Cc: live-patching@vger.kernel.org Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/366c080e3844e8a5b6a0327dc7e8c2b90ca3baeb.1456719558.git.jpoimboe@redhat.com Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
2016-02-29 12:22:34 +08:00
KASAN_SANITIZE_head$(BITS).o := n
KASAN_SANITIZE_dumpstack.o := n
KASAN_SANITIZE_dumpstack_$(BITS).o := n
mm, kasan: stackdepot implementation. Enable stackdepot for SLAB Implement the stack depot and provide CONFIG_STACKDEPOT. Stack depot will allow KASAN store allocation/deallocation stack traces for memory chunks. The stack traces are stored in a hash table and referenced by handles which reside in the kasan_alloc_meta and kasan_free_meta structures in the allocated memory chunks. IRQ stack traces are cut below the IRQ entry point to avoid unnecessary duplication. Right now stackdepot support is only enabled in SLAB allocator. Once KASAN features in SLAB are on par with those in SLUB we can switch SLUB to stackdepot as well, thus removing the dependency on SLUB stack bookkeeping, which wastes a lot of memory. This patch is based on the "mm: kasan: stack depots" patch originally prepared by Dmitry Chernenkov. Joonsoo has said that he plans to reuse the stackdepot code for the mm/page_owner.c debugging facility. [akpm@linux-foundation.org: s/depot_stack_handle/depot_stack_handle_t] [aryabinin@virtuozzo.com: comment style fixes] Signed-off-by: Alexander Potapenko <glider@google.com> Signed-off-by: Andrey Ryabinin <aryabinin@virtuozzo.com> Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com> Cc: Pekka Enberg <penberg@kernel.org> Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com> Cc: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com> Cc: Andrey Konovalov <adech.fo@gmail.com> Cc: Dmitry Vyukov <dvyukov@google.com> Cc: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org> Cc: Konstantin Serebryany <kcc@google.com> Cc: Dmitry Chernenkov <dmitryc@google.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2016-03-26 05:22:08 +08:00
KASAN_SANITIZE_stacktrace.o := n
objtool: Mark non-standard object files and directories Code which runs outside the kernel's normal mode of operation often does unusual things which can cause a static analysis tool like objtool to emit false positive warnings: - boot image - vdso image - relocation - realmode - efi - head - purgatory - modpost Set OBJECT_FILES_NON_STANDARD for their related files and directories, which will tell objtool to skip checking them. It's ok to skip them because they don't affect runtime stack traces. Also skip the following code which does the right thing with respect to frame pointers, but is too "special" to be validated by a tool: - entry - mcount Also skip the test_nx module because it modifies its exception handling table at runtime, which objtool can't understand. Fortunately it's just a test module so it doesn't matter much. Currently objtool is the only user of OBJECT_FILES_NON_STANDARD, but it might eventually be useful for other tools. Signed-off-by: Josh Poimboeuf <jpoimboe@redhat.com> Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Cc: Andy Lutomirski <luto@kernel.org> Cc: Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@kernel.org> Cc: Bernd Petrovitsch <bernd@petrovitsch.priv.at> Cc: Borislav Petkov <bp@alien8.de> Cc: Chris J Arges <chris.j.arges@canonical.com> Cc: Jiri Slaby <jslaby@suse.cz> Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org> Cc: Michal Marek <mmarek@suse.cz> Cc: Namhyung Kim <namhyung@gmail.com> Cc: Pedro Alves <palves@redhat.com> Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org> Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de> Cc: live-patching@vger.kernel.org Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/366c080e3844e8a5b6a0327dc7e8c2b90ca3baeb.1456719558.git.jpoimboe@redhat.com Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
2016-02-29 12:22:34 +08:00
OBJECT_FILES_NON_STANDARD_head_$(BITS).o := y
OBJECT_FILES_NON_STANDARD_relocate_kernel_$(BITS).o := y
OBJECT_FILES_NON_STANDARD_mcount_$(BITS).o := y
OBJECT_FILES_NON_STANDARD_test_nx.o := y
x86_64: add KASan support This patch adds arch specific code for kernel address sanitizer. 16TB of virtual addressed used for shadow memory. It's located in range [ffffec0000000000 - fffffc0000000000] between vmemmap and %esp fixup stacks. At early stage we map whole shadow region with zero page. Latter, after pages mapped to direct mapping address range we unmap zero pages from corresponding shadow (see kasan_map_shadow()) and allocate and map a real shadow memory reusing vmemmap_populate() function. Also replace __pa with __pa_nodebug before shadow initialized. __pa with CONFIG_DEBUG_VIRTUAL=y make external function call (__phys_addr) __phys_addr is instrumented, so __asan_load could be called before shadow area initialized. Signed-off-by: Andrey Ryabinin <a.ryabinin@samsung.com> Cc: Dmitry Vyukov <dvyukov@google.com> Cc: Konstantin Serebryany <kcc@google.com> Cc: Dmitry Chernenkov <dmitryc@google.com> Signed-off-by: Andrey Konovalov <adech.fo@gmail.com> Cc: Yuri Gribov <tetra2005@gmail.com> Cc: Konstantin Khlebnikov <koct9i@gmail.com> Cc: Sasha Levin <sasha.levin@oracle.com> Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com> Cc: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com> Cc: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@intel.com> Cc: Andi Kleen <andi@firstfloor.org> Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu> Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de> Cc: "H. Peter Anvin" <hpa@zytor.com> Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com> Cc: Pekka Enberg <penberg@kernel.org> Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com> Cc: Jim Davis <jim.epost@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2015-02-14 06:39:25 +08:00
kernel: add kcov code coverage kcov provides code coverage collection for coverage-guided fuzzing (randomized testing). Coverage-guided fuzzing is a testing technique that uses coverage feedback to determine new interesting inputs to a system. A notable user-space example is AFL (http://lcamtuf.coredump.cx/afl/). However, this technique is not widely used for kernel testing due to missing compiler and kernel support. kcov does not aim to collect as much coverage as possible. It aims to collect more or less stable coverage that is function of syscall inputs. To achieve this goal it does not collect coverage in soft/hard interrupts and instrumentation of some inherently non-deterministic or non-interesting parts of kernel is disbled (e.g. scheduler, locking). Currently there is a single coverage collection mode (tracing), but the API anticipates additional collection modes. Initially I also implemented a second mode which exposes coverage in a fixed-size hash table of counters (what Quentin used in his original patch). I've dropped the second mode for simplicity. This patch adds the necessary support on kernel side. The complimentary compiler support was added in gcc revision 231296. We've used this support to build syzkaller system call fuzzer, which has found 90 kernel bugs in just 2 months: https://github.com/google/syzkaller/wiki/Found-Bugs We've also found 30+ bugs in our internal systems with syzkaller. Another (yet unexplored) direction where kcov coverage would greatly help is more traditional "blob mutation". For example, mounting a random blob as a filesystem, or receiving a random blob over wire. Why not gcov. Typical fuzzing loop looks as follows: (1) reset coverage, (2) execute a bit of code, (3) collect coverage, repeat. A typical coverage can be just a dozen of basic blocks (e.g. an invalid input). In such context gcov becomes prohibitively expensive as reset/collect coverage steps depend on total number of basic blocks/edges in program (in case of kernel it is about 2M). Cost of kcov depends only on number of executed basic blocks/edges. On top of that, kernel requires per-thread coverage because there are always background threads and unrelated processes that also produce coverage. With inlined gcov instrumentation per-thread coverage is not possible. kcov exposes kernel PCs and control flow to user-space which is insecure. But debugfs should not be mapped as user accessible. Based on a patch by Quentin Casasnovas. [akpm@linux-foundation.org: make task_struct.kcov_mode have type `enum kcov_mode'] [akpm@linux-foundation.org: unbreak allmodconfig] [akpm@linux-foundation.org: follow x86 Makefile layout standards] Signed-off-by: Dmitry Vyukov <dvyukov@google.com> Reviewed-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org> Cc: syzkaller <syzkaller@googlegroups.com> Cc: Vegard Nossum <vegard.nossum@oracle.com> Cc: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com> Cc: Tavis Ormandy <taviso@google.com> Cc: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com> Cc: Quentin Casasnovas <quentin.casasnovas@oracle.com> Cc: Kostya Serebryany <kcc@google.com> Cc: Eric Dumazet <edumazet@google.com> Cc: Alexander Potapenko <glider@google.com> Cc: Kees Cook <keescook@google.com> Cc: Bjorn Helgaas <bhelgaas@google.com> Cc: Sasha Levin <sasha.levin@oracle.com> Cc: David Drysdale <drysdale@google.com> Cc: Ard Biesheuvel <ard.biesheuvel@linaro.org> Cc: Andrey Ryabinin <ryabinin.a.a@gmail.com> Cc: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill@shutemov.name> Cc: Jiri Slaby <jslaby@suse.cz> Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu> Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de> Cc: "H. Peter Anvin" <hpa@zytor.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2016-03-23 05:27:30 +08:00
# If instrumentation of this dir is enabled, boot hangs during first second.
# Probably could be more selective here, but note that files related to irqs,
# boot, dumpstack/stacktrace, etc are either non-interesting or can lead to
# non-deterministic coverage.
KCOV_INSTRUMENT := n
trace,x86: Move creation of irq tracepoints from apic.c to irq.c Compiling without CONFIG_X86_LOCAL_APIC set, apic.c will not be compiled, and the irq tracepoints will not be created via the CREATE_TRACE_POINTS macro. When CONFIG_X86_LOCAL_APIC is not set, we get the following build error: LD init/built-in.o arch/x86/built-in.o: In function `trace_x86_platform_ipi_entry': linux-test.git/arch/x86/include/asm/trace/irq_vectors.h:66: undefined reference to `__tracepoint_x86_platform_ipi_entry' arch/x86/built-in.o: In function `trace_x86_platform_ipi_exit': linux-test.git/arch/x86/include/asm/trace/irq_vectors.h:66: undefined reference to `__tracepoint_x86_platform_ipi_exit' arch/x86/built-in.o: In function `trace_irq_work_entry': linux-test.git/arch/x86/include/asm/trace/irq_vectors.h:72: undefined reference to `__tracepoint_irq_work_entry' arch/x86/built-in.o: In function `trace_irq_work_exit': linux-test.git/arch/x86/include/asm/trace/irq_vectors.h:72: undefined reference to `__tracepoint_irq_work_exit' arch/x86/built-in.o:(__jump_table+0x8): undefined reference to `__tracepoint_x86_platform_ipi_entry' arch/x86/built-in.o:(__jump_table+0x14): undefined reference to `__tracepoint_x86_platform_ipi_exit' arch/x86/built-in.o:(__jump_table+0x20): undefined reference to `__tracepoint_irq_work_entry' arch/x86/built-in.o:(__jump_table+0x2c): undefined reference to `__tracepoint_irq_work_exit' make[1]: *** [vmlinux] Error 1 make: *** [sub-make] Error 2 As irq.c is always compiled for x86, it is a more appropriate location to create the irq tracepoints. Cc: Seiji Aguchi <seiji.aguchi@hds.com> Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
2013-06-21 22:29:05 +08:00
CFLAGS_irq.o := -I$(src)/../include/asm/trace
obj-y := process_$(BITS).o signal.o
obj-$(CONFIG_COMPAT) += signal_compat.o
obj-y += traps.o irq.o irq_$(BITS).o dumpstack_$(BITS).o
obj-y += time.o ioport.o dumpstack.o nmi.o
obj-$(CONFIG_MODIFY_LDT_SYSCALL) += ldt.o
obj-y += setup.o x86_init.o i8259.o irqinit.o jump_label.o
obj-$(CONFIG_IRQ_WORK) += irq_work.o
obj-y += probe_roms.o
obj-$(CONFIG_X86_32) += i386_ksyms_32.o
obj-$(CONFIG_X86_64) += sys_x86_64.o x8664_ksyms_64.o
obj-$(CONFIG_X86_64) += mcount_64.o
obj-$(CONFIG_X86_ESPFIX64) += espfix_64.o
obj-$(CONFIG_SYSFS) += ksysfs.o
obj-y += bootflag.o e820.o
obj-y += pci-dma.o quirks.o topology.o kdebugfs.o
obj-y += alternative.o i8253.o pci-nommu.o hw_breakpoint.o
obj-y += tsc.o tsc_msr.o io_delay.o rtc.o
obj-y += pci-iommu_table.o
obj-y += resource.o
obj-y += process.o
obj-y += fpu/
obj-y += ptrace.o
obj-$(CONFIG_X86_32) += tls.o
obj-$(CONFIG_IA32_EMULATION) += tls.o
obj-y += step.o
x86, intel_txt: Intel TXT boot support This patch adds kernel configuration and boot support for Intel Trusted Execution Technology (Intel TXT). Intel's technology for safer computing, Intel Trusted Execution Technology (Intel TXT), defines platform-level enhancements that provide the building blocks for creating trusted platforms. Intel TXT was formerly known by the code name LaGrande Technology (LT). Intel TXT in Brief: o Provides dynamic root of trust for measurement (DRTM) o Data protection in case of improper shutdown o Measurement and verification of launched environment Intel TXT is part of the vPro(TM) brand and is also available some non-vPro systems. It is currently available on desktop systems based on the Q35, X38, Q45, and Q43 Express chipsets (e.g. Dell Optiplex 755, HP dc7800, etc.) and mobile systems based on the GM45, PM45, and GS45 Express chipsets. For more information, see http://www.intel.com/technology/security/. This site also has a link to the Intel TXT MLE Developers Manual, which has been updated for the new released platforms. A much more complete description of how these patches support TXT, how to configure a system for it, etc. is in the Documentation/intel_txt.txt file in this patch. This patch provides the TXT support routines for complete functionality, documentation for TXT support and for the changes to the boot_params structure, and boot detection of a TXT launch. Attempts to shutdown (reboot, Sx) the system will result in platform resets; subsequent patches will support these shutdown modes properly. Documentation/intel_txt.txt | 210 +++++++++++++++++++++ Documentation/x86/zero-page.txt | 1 arch/x86/include/asm/bootparam.h | 3 arch/x86/include/asm/fixmap.h | 3 arch/x86/include/asm/tboot.h | 197 ++++++++++++++++++++ arch/x86/kernel/Makefile | 1 arch/x86/kernel/setup.c | 4 arch/x86/kernel/tboot.c | 379 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ security/Kconfig | 30 +++ 9 files changed, 827 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-) Signed-off-by: Joseph Cihula <joseph.cihula@intel.com> Signed-off-by: Shane Wang <shane.wang@intel.com> Signed-off-by: Gang Wei <gang.wei@intel.com> Signed-off-by: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@zytor.com>
2009-07-01 10:30:59 +08:00
obj-$(CONFIG_INTEL_TXT) += tboot.o
obj-$(CONFIG_ISA_DMA_API) += i8237.o
obj-$(CONFIG_STACKTRACE) += stacktrace.o
obj-y += cpu/
obj-y += acpi/
obj-y += reboot.o
obj-$(CONFIG_X86_MSR) += msr.o
obj-$(CONFIG_X86_CPUID) += cpuid.o
obj-$(CONFIG_PCI) += early-quirks.o
apm-y := apm_32.o
obj-$(CONFIG_APM) += apm.o
obj-$(CONFIG_SMP) += smp.o
obj-$(CONFIG_SMP) += smpboot.o
obj-$(CONFIG_SMP) += tsc_sync.o
obj-$(CONFIG_SMP) += setup_percpu.o
obj-$(CONFIG_X86_MPPARSE) += mpparse.o
obj-y += apic/
obj-$(CONFIG_X86_REBOOTFIXUPS) += reboot_fixups_32.o
ftrace: dynamic enabling/disabling of function calls This patch adds a feature to dynamically replace the ftrace code with the jmps to allow a kernel with ftrace configured to run as fast as it can without it configured. The way this works, is on bootup (if ftrace is enabled), a ftrace function is registered to record the instruction pointer of all places that call the function. Later, if there's still any code to patch, a kthread is awoken (rate limited to at most once a second) that performs a stop_machine, and replaces all the code that was called with a jmp over the call to ftrace. It only replaces what was found the previous time. Typically the system reaches equilibrium quickly after bootup and there's no code patching needed at all. e.g. call ftrace /* 5 bytes */ is replaced with jmp 3f /* jmp is 2 bytes and we jump 3 forward */ 3: When we want to enable ftrace for function tracing, the IP recording is removed, and stop_machine is called again to replace all the locations of that were recorded back to the call of ftrace. When it is disabled, we replace the code back to the jmp. Allocation is done by the kthread. If the ftrace recording function is called, and we don't have any record slots available, then we simply skip that call. Once a second a new page (if needed) is allocated for recording new ftrace function calls. A large batch is allocated at boot up to get most of the calls there. Because we do this via stop_machine, we don't have to worry about another CPU executing a ftrace call as we modify it. But we do need to worry about NMI's so all functions that might be called via nmi must be annotated with notrace_nmi. When this code is configured in, the NMI code will not call notrace. Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt <srostedt@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu> Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
2008-05-13 03:20:42 +08:00
obj-$(CONFIG_DYNAMIC_FTRACE) += ftrace.o
obj-$(CONFIG_LIVEPATCH) += livepatch.o
obj-$(CONFIG_FUNCTION_GRAPH_TRACER) += ftrace.o
obj-$(CONFIG_FTRACE_SYSCALLS) += ftrace.o
obj-$(CONFIG_X86_TSC) += trace_clock.o
2015-09-10 06:38:55 +08:00
obj-$(CONFIG_KEXEC_CORE) += machine_kexec_$(BITS).o
obj-$(CONFIG_KEXEC_CORE) += relocate_kernel_$(BITS).o crash.o
kexec: create a new config option CONFIG_KEXEC_FILE for new syscall Currently new system call kexec_file_load() and all the associated code compiles if CONFIG_KEXEC=y. But new syscall also compiles purgatory code which currently uses gcc option -mcmodel=large. This option seems to be available only gcc 4.4 onwards. Hiding new functionality behind a new config option will not break existing users of old gcc. Those who wish to enable new functionality will require new gcc. Having said that, I am trying to figure out how can I move away from using -mcmodel=large but that can take a while. I think there are other advantages of introducing this new config option. As this option will be enabled only on x86_64, other arches don't have to compile generic kexec code which will never be used. This new code selects CRYPTO=y and CRYPTO_SHA256=y. And all other arches had to do this for CONFIG_KEXEC. Now with introduction of new config option, we can remove crypto dependency from other arches. Now CONFIG_KEXEC_FILE is available only on x86_64. So whereever I had CONFIG_X86_64 defined, I got rid of that. For CONFIG_KEXEC_FILE, instead of doing select CRYPTO=y, I changed it to "depends on CRYPTO=y". This should be safer as "select" is not recursive. Signed-off-by: Vivek Goyal <vgoyal@redhat.com> Cc: Eric Biederman <ebiederm@xmission.com> Cc: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@zytor.com> Tested-by: Shaun Ruffell <sruffell@digium.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2014-08-30 06:18:46 +08:00
obj-$(CONFIG_KEXEC_FILE) += kexec-bzimage64.o
obj-$(CONFIG_CRASH_DUMP) += crash_dump_$(BITS).o
obj-y += kprobes/
obj-$(CONFIG_MODULES) += module.o
obj-$(CONFIG_DOUBLEFAULT) += doublefault.o
obj-$(CONFIG_KGDB) += kgdb.o
obj-$(CONFIG_VM86) += vm86_32.o
obj-$(CONFIG_EARLY_PRINTK) += early_printk.o
obj-$(CONFIG_HPET_TIMER) += hpet.o
obj-$(CONFIG_APB_TIMER) += apb_timer.o
obj-$(CONFIG_AMD_NB) += amd_nb.o
obj-$(CONFIG_DEBUG_RODATA_TEST) += test_rodata.o
obj-$(CONFIG_DEBUG_NX_TEST) += test_nx.o
obj-$(CONFIG_DEBUG_NMI_SELFTEST) += nmi_selftest.o
obj-$(CONFIG_KVM_GUEST) += kvm.o kvmclock.o
x86: Fix performance regression caused by paravirt_ops on native kernels Xiaohui Xin and some other folks at Intel have been looking into what's behind the performance hit of paravirt_ops when running native. It appears that the hit is entirely due to the paravirtualized spinlocks introduced by: | commit 8efcbab674de2bee45a2e4cdf97de16b8e609ac8 | Date: Mon Jul 7 12:07:51 2008 -0700 | | paravirt: introduce a "lock-byte" spinlock implementation The extra call/return in the spinlock path is somehow causing an increase in the cycles/instruction of somewhere around 2-7% (seems to vary quite a lot from test to test). The working theory is that the CPU's pipeline is getting upset about the call->call->locked-op->return->return, and seems to be failing to speculate (though I haven't seen anything definitive about the precise reasons). This doesn't entirely make sense, because the performance hit is also visible on unlock and other operations which don't involve locked instructions. But spinlock operations clearly swamp all the other pvops operations, even though I can't imagine that they're nearly as common (there's only a .05% increase in instructions executed). If I disable just the pv-spinlock calls, my tests show that pvops is identical to non-pvops performance on native (my measurements show that it is actually about .1% faster, but Xiaohui shows a .05% slowdown). Summary of results, averaging 10 runs of the "mmperf" test, using a no-pvops build as baseline: nopv Pv-nospin Pv-spin CPU cycles 100.00% 99.89% 102.18% instructions 100.00% 100.10% 100.15% CPI 100.00% 99.79% 102.03% cache ref 100.00% 100.84% 100.28% cache miss 100.00% 90.47% 88.56% cache miss rate 100.00% 89.72% 88.31% branches 100.00% 99.93% 100.04% branch miss 100.00% 103.66% 107.72% branch miss rt 100.00% 103.73% 107.67% wallclock 100.00% 99.90% 102.20% The clear effect here is that the 2% increase in CPI is directly reflected in the final wallclock time. (The other interesting effect is that the more ops are out of line calls via pvops, the lower the cache access and miss rates. Not too surprising, but it suggests that the non-pvops kernel is over-inlined. On the flipside, the branch misses go up correspondingly...) So, what's the fix? Paravirt patching turns all the pvops calls into direct calls, so _spin_lock etc do end up having direct calls. For example, the compiler generated code for paravirtualized _spin_lock is: <_spin_lock+0>: mov %gs:0xb4c8,%rax <_spin_lock+9>: incl 0xffffffffffffe044(%rax) <_spin_lock+15>: callq *0xffffffff805a5b30 <_spin_lock+22>: retq The indirect call will get patched to: <_spin_lock+0>: mov %gs:0xb4c8,%rax <_spin_lock+9>: incl 0xffffffffffffe044(%rax) <_spin_lock+15>: callq <__ticket_spin_lock> <_spin_lock+20>: nop; nop /* or whatever 2-byte nop */ <_spin_lock+22>: retq One possibility is to inline _spin_lock, etc, when building an optimised kernel (ie, when there's no spinlock/preempt instrumentation/debugging enabled). That will remove the outer call/return pair, returning the instruction stream to a single call/return, which will presumably execute the same as the non-pvops case. The downsides arel 1) it will replicate the preempt_disable/enable code at eack lock/unlock callsite; this code is fairly small, but not nothing; and 2) the spinlock definitions are already a very heavily tangled mass of #ifdefs and other preprocessor magic, and making any changes will be non-trivial. The other obvious answer is to disable pv-spinlocks. Making them a separate config option is fairly easy, and it would be trivial to enable them only when Xen is enabled (as the only non-default user). But it doesn't really address the common case of a distro build which is going to have Xen support enabled, and leaves the open question of whether the native performance cost of pv-spinlocks is worth the performance improvement on a loaded Xen system (10% saving of overall system CPU when guests block rather than spin). Still it is a reasonable short-term workaround. [ Impact: fix pvops performance regression when running native ] Analysed-by: "Xin Xiaohui" <xiaohui.xin@intel.com> Analysed-by: "Li Xin" <xin.li@intel.com> Analysed-by: "Nakajima Jun" <jun.nakajima@intel.com> Signed-off-by: Jeremy Fitzhardinge <jeremy.fitzhardinge@citrix.com> Acked-by: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@zytor.com> Cc: Nick Piggin <npiggin@suse.de> Cc: Xen-devel <xen-devel@lists.xensource.com> LKML-Reference: <4A0B62F7.5030802@goop.org> [ fixed the help text ] Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
2009-05-14 08:16:55 +08:00
obj-$(CONFIG_PARAVIRT) += paravirt.o paravirt_patch_$(BITS).o
obj-$(CONFIG_PARAVIRT_SPINLOCKS)+= paravirt-spinlocks.o
obj-$(CONFIG_PARAVIRT_CLOCK) += pvclock.o
obj-$(CONFIG_X86_PMEM_LEGACY_DEVICE) += pmem.o
obj-$(CONFIG_PCSPKR_PLATFORM) += pcspeaker.o
obj-$(CONFIG_X86_CHECK_BIOS_CORRUPTION) += check.o
obj-$(CONFIG_SWIOTLB) += pci-swiotlb.o
obj-$(CONFIG_OF) += devicetree.o
uprobes, mm, x86: Add the ability to install and remove uprobes breakpoints Add uprobes support to the core kernel, with x86 support. This commit adds the kernel facilities, the actual uprobes user-space ABI and perf probe support comes in later commits. General design: Uprobes are maintained in an rb-tree indexed by inode and offset (the offset here is from the start of the mapping). For a unique (inode, offset) tuple, there can be at most one uprobe in the rb-tree. Since the (inode, offset) tuple identifies a unique uprobe, more than one user may be interested in the same uprobe. This provides the ability to connect multiple 'consumers' to the same uprobe. Each consumer defines a handler and a filter (optional). The 'handler' is run every time the uprobe is hit, if it matches the 'filter' criteria. The first consumer of a uprobe causes the breakpoint to be inserted at the specified address and subsequent consumers are appended to this list. On subsequent probes, the consumer gets appended to the existing list of consumers. The breakpoint is removed when the last consumer unregisters. For all other unregisterations, the consumer is removed from the list of consumers. Given a inode, we get a list of the mms that have mapped the inode. Do the actual registration if mm maps the page where a probe needs to be inserted/removed. We use a temporary list to walk through the vmas that map the inode. - The number of maps that map the inode, is not known before we walk the rmap and keeps changing. - extending vm_area_struct wasn't recommended, it's a size-critical data structure. - There can be more than one maps of the inode in the same mm. We add callbacks to the mmap methods to keep an eye on text vmas that are of interest to uprobes. When a vma of interest is mapped, we insert the breakpoint at the right address. Uprobe works by replacing the instruction at the address defined by (inode, offset) with the arch specific breakpoint instruction. We save a copy of the original instruction at the uprobed address. This is needed for: a. executing the instruction out-of-line (xol). b. instruction analysis for any subsequent fixups. c. restoring the instruction back when the uprobe is unregistered. We insert or delete a breakpoint instruction, and this breakpoint instruction is assumed to be the smallest instruction available on the platform. For fixed size instruction platforms this is trivially true, for variable size instruction platforms the breakpoint instruction is typically the smallest (often a single byte). Writing the instruction is done by COWing the page and changing the instruction during the copy, this even though most platforms allow atomic writes of the breakpoint instruction. This also mirrors the behaviour of a ptrace() memory write to a PRIVATE file map. The core worker is derived from KSM's replace_page() logic. In essence, similar to KSM: a. allocate a new page and copy over contents of the page that has the uprobed vaddr b. modify the copy and insert the breakpoint at the required address c. switch the original page with the copy containing the breakpoint d. flush page tables. replace_page() is being replicated here because of some minor changes in the type of pages and also because Hugh Dickins had plans to improve replace_page() for KSM specific work. Instruction analysis on x86 is based on instruction decoder and determines if an instruction can be probed and determines the necessary fixups after singlestep. Instruction analysis is done at probe insertion time so that we avoid having to repeat the same analysis every time a probe is hit. A lot of code here is due to the improvement/suggestions/inputs from Peter Zijlstra. Changelog: (v10): - Add code to clear REX.B prefix as suggested by Denys Vlasenko and Masami Hiramatsu. (v9): - Use insn_offset_modrm as suggested by Masami Hiramatsu. (v7): Handle comments from Peter Zijlstra: - Dont take reference to inode. (expect inode to uprobe_register to be sane). - Use PTR_ERR to set the return value. - No need to take reference to inode. - use PTR_ERR to return error value. - register and uprobe_unregister share code. (v5): - Modified del_consumer as per comments from Peter. - Drop reference to inode before dropping reference to uprobe. - Use i_size_read(inode) instead of inode->i_size. - Ensure uprobe->consumers is NULL, before __uprobe_unregister() is called. - Includes errno.h as recommended by Stephen Rothwell to fix a build issue on sparc defconfig - Remove restrictions while unregistering. - Earlier code leaked inode references under some conditions while registering/unregistering. - Continue the vma-rmap walk even if the intermediate vma doesnt meet the requirements. - Validate the vma found by find_vma before inserting/removing the breakpoint - Call del_consumer under mutex_lock. - Use hash locks. - Handle mremap. - Introduce find_least_offset_node() instead of close match logic in find_uprobe - Uprobes no more depends on MM_OWNER; No reference to task_structs while inserting/removing a probe. - Uses read_mapping_page instead of grab_cache_page so that the pages have valid content. - pass NULL to get_user_pages for the task parameter. - call SetPageUptodate on the new page allocated in write_opcode. - fix leaking a reference to the new page under certain conditions. - Include Instruction Decoder if Uprobes gets defined. - Remove const attributes for instruction prefix arrays. - Uses mm_context to know if the application is 32 bit. Signed-off-by: Srikar Dronamraju <srikar@linux.vnet.ibm.com> Also-written-by: Jim Keniston <jkenisto@us.ibm.com> Reviewed-by: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl> Cc: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com> Cc: Andi Kleen <andi@firstfloor.org> Cc: Christoph Hellwig <hch@infradead.org> Cc: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org> Cc: Roland McGrath <roland@hack.frob.com> Cc: Masami Hiramatsu <masami.hiramatsu.pt@hitachi.com> Cc: Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@infradead.org> Cc: Anton Arapov <anton@redhat.com> Cc: Ananth N Mavinakayanahalli <ananth@in.ibm.com> Cc: Stephen Rothwell <sfr@canb.auug.org.au> Cc: Denys Vlasenko <vda.linux@googlemail.com> Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org> Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org> Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Cc: Linux-mm <linux-mm@kvack.org> Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20120209092642.GE16600@linux.vnet.ibm.com [ Made various small edits to the commit log ] Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
2012-02-09 17:26:42 +08:00
obj-$(CONFIG_UPROBES) += uprobes.o
x86: provide platform-devices for boot-framebuffers The current situation regarding boot-framebuffers (VGA, VESA/VBE, EFI) on x86 causes troubles when loading multiple fbdev drivers. The global "struct screen_info" does not provide any state-tracking about which drivers use the FBs. request_mem_region() theoretically works, but unfortunately vesafb/efifb ignore it due to quirks for broken boards. Avoid this by creating a platform framebuffer devices with a pointer to the "struct screen_info" as platform-data. Drivers can now create platform-drivers and the driver-core will refuse multiple drivers being active simultaneously. We keep the screen_info available for backwards-compatibility. Drivers can be converted in follow-up patches. Different devices are created for VGA/VESA/EFI FBs to allow multiple drivers to be loaded on distro kernels. We create: - "vesa-framebuffer" for VBE/VESA graphics FBs - "efi-framebuffer" for EFI FBs - "platform-framebuffer" for everything else This allows to load vesafb, efifb and others simultaneously and each picks up only the supported FB types. Apart from platform-framebuffer devices, this also introduces a compatibility option for "simple-framebuffer" drivers which recently got introduced for OF based systems. If CONFIG_X86_SYSFB is selected, we try to match the screen_info against a simple-framebuffer supported format. If we succeed, we create a "simple-framebuffer" device instead of a platform-framebuffer. This allows to reuse the simplefb.c driver across architectures and also to introduce a SimpleDRM driver. There is no need to have vesafb.c, efifb.c, simplefb.c and more just to have architecture specific quirks in their setup-routines. Instead, we now move the architecture specific quirks into x86-setup and provide a generic simple-framebuffer. For backwards-compatibility (if strange formats are used), we still allow vesafb/efifb to be loaded simultaneously and pick up all remaining devices. Signed-off-by: David Herrmann <dh.herrmann@gmail.com> Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1375445127-15480-4-git-send-email-dh.herrmann@gmail.com Tested-by: Stephen Warren <swarren@nvidia.com> Signed-off-by: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@linux.intel.com>
2013-08-02 20:05:22 +08:00
obj-y += sysfb.o
obj-$(CONFIG_X86_SYSFB) += sysfb_simplefb.o
obj-$(CONFIG_EFI) += sysfb_efi.o
perf: Unified API to record selective sets of arch registers This brings a new API to help the selective dump of registers on event sampling, and its implementation for x86 arch. Added HAVE_PERF_REGS config option to determine if the architecture provides perf registers ABI. The information about desired registers will be passed in u64 mask. It's up to the architecture to map the registers into the mask bits. For the x86 arch implementation, both 32 and 64 bit registers bits are defined within single enum to ensure 64 bit system can provide register dump for compat task if needed in the future. Original-patch-by: Frederic Weisbecker <fweisbec@gmail.com> [ Added missing linux/errno.h include ] Signed-off-by: Jiri Olsa <jolsa@redhat.com> Cc: "Frank Ch. Eigler" <fche@redhat.com> Cc: Arun Sharma <asharma@fb.com> Cc: Benjamin Redelings <benjamin.redelings@nescent.org> Cc: Corey Ashford <cjashfor@linux.vnet.ibm.com> Cc: Cyrill Gorcunov <gorcunov@openvz.org> Cc: Frank Ch. Eigler <fche@redhat.com> Cc: Frederic Weisbecker <fweisbec@gmail.com> Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org> Cc: Masami Hiramatsu <masami.hiramatsu.pt@hitachi.com> Cc: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org> Cc: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl> Cc: Robert Richter <robert.richter@amd.com> Cc: Stephane Eranian <eranian@google.com> Cc: Tom Zanussi <tzanussi@gmail.com> Cc: Ulrich Drepper <drepper@gmail.com> Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1344345647-11536-2-git-send-email-jolsa@redhat.com Signed-off-by: Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@redhat.com>
2012-08-07 21:20:36 +08:00
obj-$(CONFIG_PERF_EVENTS) += perf_regs.o
x86, trace: Add irq vector tracepoints [Purpose of this patch] As Vaibhav explained in the thread below, tracepoints for irq vectors are useful. http://www.spinics.net/lists/mm-commits/msg85707.html <snip> The current interrupt traces from irq_handler_entry and irq_handler_exit provide when an interrupt is handled. They provide good data about when the system has switched to kernel space and how it affects the currently running processes. There are some IRQ vectors which trigger the system into kernel space, which are not handled in generic IRQ handlers. Tracing such events gives us the information about IRQ interaction with other system events. The trace also tells where the system is spending its time. We want to know which cores are handling interrupts and how they are affecting other processes in the system. Also, the trace provides information about when the cores are idle and which interrupts are changing that state. <snip> On the other hand, my usecase is tracing just local timer event and getting a value of instruction pointer. I suggested to add an argument local timer event to get instruction pointer before. But there is another way to get it with external module like systemtap. So, I don't need to add any argument to irq vector tracepoints now. [Patch Description] Vaibhav's patch shared a trace point ,irq_vector_entry/irq_vector_exit, in all events. But there is an above use case to trace specific irq_vector rather than tracing all events. In this case, we are concerned about overhead due to unwanted events. So, add following tracepoints instead of introducing irq_vector_entry/exit. so that we can enable them independently. - local_timer_vector - reschedule_vector - call_function_vector - call_function_single_vector - irq_work_entry_vector - error_apic_vector - thermal_apic_vector - threshold_apic_vector - spurious_apic_vector - x86_platform_ipi_vector Also, introduce a logic switching IDT at enabling/disabling time so that a time penalty makes a zero when tracepoints are disabled. Detailed explanations are as follows. - Create trace irq handlers with entering_irq()/exiting_irq(). - Create a new IDT, trace_idt_table, at boot time by adding a logic to _set_gate(). It is just a copy of original idt table. - Register the new handlers for tracpoints to the new IDT by introducing macros to alloc_intr_gate() called at registering time of irq_vector handlers. - Add checking, whether irq vector tracing is on/off, into load_current_idt(). This has to be done below debug checking for these reasons. - Switching to debug IDT may be kicked while tracing is enabled. - On the other hands, switching to trace IDT is kicked only when debugging is disabled. In addition, the new IDT is created only when CONFIG_TRACING is enabled to avoid being used for other purposes. Signed-off-by: Seiji Aguchi <seiji.aguchi@hds.com> Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/51C323ED.5050708@hds.com Signed-off-by: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@linux.intel.com> Cc: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
2013-06-20 23:46:53 +08:00
obj-$(CONFIG_TRACING) += tracepoint.o
perf: Unified API to record selective sets of arch registers This brings a new API to help the selective dump of registers on event sampling, and its implementation for x86 arch. Added HAVE_PERF_REGS config option to determine if the architecture provides perf registers ABI. The information about desired registers will be passed in u64 mask. It's up to the architecture to map the registers into the mask bits. For the x86 arch implementation, both 32 and 64 bit registers bits are defined within single enum to ensure 64 bit system can provide register dump for compat task if needed in the future. Original-patch-by: Frederic Weisbecker <fweisbec@gmail.com> [ Added missing linux/errno.h include ] Signed-off-by: Jiri Olsa <jolsa@redhat.com> Cc: "Frank Ch. Eigler" <fche@redhat.com> Cc: Arun Sharma <asharma@fb.com> Cc: Benjamin Redelings <benjamin.redelings@nescent.org> Cc: Corey Ashford <cjashfor@linux.vnet.ibm.com> Cc: Cyrill Gorcunov <gorcunov@openvz.org> Cc: Frank Ch. Eigler <fche@redhat.com> Cc: Frederic Weisbecker <fweisbec@gmail.com> Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org> Cc: Masami Hiramatsu <masami.hiramatsu.pt@hitachi.com> Cc: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org> Cc: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl> Cc: Robert Richter <robert.richter@amd.com> Cc: Stephane Eranian <eranian@google.com> Cc: Tom Zanussi <tzanussi@gmail.com> Cc: Ulrich Drepper <drepper@gmail.com> Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1344345647-11536-2-git-send-email-jolsa@redhat.com Signed-off-by: Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@redhat.com>
2012-08-07 21:20:36 +08:00
###
# 64 bit specific files
ifeq ($(CONFIG_X86_64),y)
obj-$(CONFIG_AUDIT) += audit_64.o
obj-$(CONFIG_GART_IOMMU) += amd_gart_64.o aperture_64.o
obj-$(CONFIG_CALGARY_IOMMU) += pci-calgary_64.o tce_64.o
obj-$(CONFIG_PCI_MMCONFIG) += mmconf-fam10h_64.o
obj-y += vsmp_64.o
endif