SYNOPSIS
use Validation::Class::Simple::Streamer;
my $params = {username => 'admin', password => 's3cret'};
my $input = Validation::Class::Simple::Streamer->new(params => $params);
# check username parameter
$input->check('username')->required->between('5-255');
$input->filters([qw/trim strip/]);
# check password parameter
$input->check('password')->required->between('5-255')->min_symbols(1);
$input->filters([qw/trim strip/]);
# run validate
$input->validate or die $input->errors_to_string;
DESCRIPTION
Validation::Class is a scalable data validation library with interfaces
for applications of all sizes. The most common usage of
Validation::Class is to transform class namespaces into data validation
domains where consistency and reuse are primary concerns.
Validation::Class provides an extensible framework for defining
reusable data validation rules. It ships with a complete set of
pre-defined validations and filters referred to as "directives".
The core feature-set consist of self-validating methods, validation
profiles, reusable validation rules and templates, pre and post input
filtering, class inheritance, automatic array handling, and
extensibility (e.g. overriding default error messages, creating custom
validators, creating custom input filters and much more).
Validation::Class promotes DRY (don't repeat yourself) code. The main
benefit in using Validation::Class is that the architecture is designed
to increase the consistency of data input handling. The following is a
more traditional usage of Validation::Class, using the DSL to construct
a validator class:
package MyApp::Person;
use Validation::Class;
# data validation template
mixin basic => {
required => 1,
max_length => 255,
filters => [qw/trim strip/]
};
# data validation rules for the username parameter
field username => {
mixin => 'basic',
min_length => 5
};
# data validation rules for the password parameter
field password => {
mixin => 'basic',
min_length => 5,
min_symbols => 1
};
package main;
my $person = MyApp::Person->new(username => 'admin', password => 'secr3t');
# validate rules on the person object
unless ($person->validates) {
# handle the failures
warn $person->errors_to_string;
}
1;
QUICKSTART
If you are looking for a simple in-line data validation module built
using the same tenets and principles as Validation::Class, please
review Validation::Class::Simple or
Validation::Class::Simple::Streamer. If you are new to
Validation::Class, or would like more information on the underpinnings
of this library and how it views and approaches data validation, please
review Validation::Class::Whitepaper. Please review the "GUIDED-TOUR"
in Validation::Class::Cookbook for a detailed step-by-step look into
how Validation::Class works.
UPGRADE
Validation::Class is stable, its feature-set is complete, and is
currently in maintenance-only mode, i.e. Validation::Class will only be
updated with minor enhancements and bug fixes. However, the lessons
learned will be incorporated into a compelete rewrite uploaded under
the namespace Validation::Interface. The Validation::Interface fork is
designed to have a much simpler API with less options and better
execution, focused on validating hierarchical data as its primarily
objective.
The adopt keyword (or adt) copies configuration and functionality from
other Validation::Class classes. The adopt keyword takes three
arguments, the name of the class to be introspected, and the
configuration type and name to be recreated. Basically, anything you
can configure using a Validation::Class keyword can be adopted into
other classes using this keyword with the exception of coderefs
registered using the build keyword. Please note! If you are adopting a
field declaration which has an associated mixin directive defined on
the target class, you must adopt the mixin explicitly if you wish it's
values to be interpolated.
package MyApp::Exployee;
use Validate::Class;
use MyApp::Person;
adopt MyApp::Person, mixin => 'basic';
adopt MyApp::Person, field => 'first_name';
adopt MyApp::Person, field => 'last_name';
adopt MyApp::Person, profile => 'has_fullname';
1;
The attribute keyword (or has) registers a class attribute, i.e. it
creates an accessor (getter and setter) on the class. Attribute
declaration is flexible and only requires an attribute name to be
configured. Additionally, the attribute keyword can takes two
arguments, the attribute's name and a scalar or coderef to be used as
it's default value.
package MyApp::Person;
use Validate::Class;
attribute 'first_name' => 'Peter';
attribute 'last_name' => 'Venkman';
attribute 'full_name' => sub {
join ', ', $_[0]->last_name, $_[0]->first_name
};
attribute 'email_address';
1;
The build keyword (or bld) registers a coderef to be run at
instantiation much in the same way the common BUILD routine is used in
modern OO frameworks.
package MyApp::Person;
use Validation::Class;
build sub {
my ($self, $args) = @_;
# run after instantiation in the order defined
};
1;
The build keyword takes one argument, a coderef which is passed the
instantiated class object.
The directive keyword (or dir) registers custom validator directives to
be used in your field definitions. Please note that custom directives
can only be used with field definitions. This is a means of extending
the list of directives per instance. See the list of core directives,
Validation::Class::Directives, or review Validation::Class::Directive
for insight into creating your own CPAN installable directives.
package MyApp::Person;
use Validate::Class;
# define a custom class-level directive
directive 'blacklisted' => sub {
my ($self, $field, $param) = @_;
if (defined $field->{blacklisted} && defined $param) {
if ($field->{required} || $param) {
if (exists_in_blacklist($field->{blacklisted}, $param)) {
my $handle = $field->label || $field->name;
$field->errors->add("$handle has been blacklisted");
return 0;
}
}
}
return 1;
};
field 'email_address' => {
blacklisted => '/path/to/blacklist'
email => 1,
};
1;
The directive keyword takes two arguments, the name of the directive
and a coderef which will be used to validate the associated field. The
coderef is passed four ordered parameters; a directive object, the
class prototype object, the current field object, and the matching
parameter's value. The validator (coderef) is evaluated by its return
value as well as whether it altered any error containers.
The document keyword (or doc) registers a data matching profile which
can be used to validate heiarchal data. It will store a hashref with
pre-define path matching rules for the data structures you wish to
validate. The "path matching rules", which use a specialized object
notation, referred to as the document notation, can be thought of as a
kind-of simplified regular expression which is executed against the
flattened data structure. The following are a few general use-cases:
package MyApp::Person;
use Validation::Class;
field 'string' => {
mixin => [':str']
};
# given this JSON data structure
{
"id": "1234-A",
"name": {
"first_name" : "Bob",
"last_name" : "Smith",
},
"title": "CIO",
"friends" : [],
}
# select id to validate against the string rule
document 'foobar' =>
{ 'id' => 'string' };
# select name -> first_name/last_name to validate against the string rule
document 'foobar' =>
{'name.first_name' => 'string', 'name.last_name' => 'string'};
# or
document 'foobar' =>
{'name.*_name' => 'string'};
# select each element in friends to validate against the string rule
document 'foobar' =>
{ 'friends.@' => 'string' };
# or select an element of a hashref in each element in friends to validate
# against the string rule
document 'foobar' =>
{ 'friends.@.name' => 'string' };
The document declaration's keys should follow the aforementioned
document notation schema and it's values should be strings which
correspond to the names of fields (or other document declarations) that
will be used to preform the data validation. It is possible to combine
document declarations to validate hierarchical data that contains data
structures matching one or more document patterns. The following is an
example of what that might look like.
package MyApp::Person;
use Validation::Class;
# data validation rule
field 'name' => {
mixin => [':str'],
pattern => qr/^[A-Za-z ]+$/,
max_length => 20,
};
# data validation map / document notation schema
document 'friend' => {
'name' => 'name'
};
# data validation map / document notation schema
document 'person' => {
'name' => 'name',
'friends.@' => 'friend'
};
package main;
my $data = {
"name" => "Anita Campbell-Green",
"friends" => [
{ "name" => "Horace" },
{ "name" => "Skinner" },
{ "name" => "Alonzo" },
{ "name" => "Frederick" },
],
};
my $person = MyApp::Person->new;
unless ($person->validate_document(person => $data)) {
warn $person->errors_to_string if $person->error_count;
}
1;
Alternatively, the following is a more verbose data validation class
using traditional styling and configuration.
package MyApp::Person;
use Validation::Class;
field 'id' => {
mixin => [':str'],
filters => ['numeric'],
max_length => 2,
};
field 'name' => {
mixin => [':str'],
pattern => qr/^[A-Za-z ]+$/,
max_length => 20,
};
field 'rating' => {
mixin => [':str'],
pattern => qr/^\-?\d+$/,
};
field 'tag' => {
mixin => [':str'],
pattern => qr/^(?!evil)\w+/,
max_length => 20,
};
document 'person' => {
'id' => 'id',
'name' => 'name',
'company.name' => 'name',
'company.supervisor.name' => 'name',
'company.supervisor.rating.@.*' => 'rating',
'company.tags.@' => 'name'
};
package main;
my $data = {
"id" => "1234-ABC",
"name" => "Anita Campbell-Green",
"title" => "Designer",
"company" => {
"name" => "House of de Vil",
"supervisor" => {
"name" => "Cruella de Vil",
"rating" => [
{ "support" => -9,
"guidance" => -9
}
]
},
"tags" => [
"evil",
"cruelty",
"dogs"
]
},
};
my $person = MyApp::Person->new;
unless ($person->validate_document(person => $data)) {
warn $person->errors_to_string if $person->error_count;
}
1;
Additionally, the following is yet another way to validate a document
by passing the document specification directly instead of by name.
package MyApp::Person;
use Validation::Class;
package main;
my $data = {
"id" => "1234-ABC",
"name" => "Anita Campbell-Green",
"title" => "Designer",
"company" => {
"name" => "House of de Vil",
"supervisor" => {
"name" => "Cruella de Vil",
"rating" => [
{ "support" => -9,
"guidance" => -9
}
]
},
"tags" => [
"evil",
"cruelty",
"dogs"
]
},
};
my $spec = {
'id' => { max_length => 2 },
'name' => { mixin => ':str' },
'company.name' => { mixin => ':str' },
'company.supervisor.name' => { mixin => ':str' },
'company.supervisor.rating.@.*' => { pattern => qr/^(?!evil)\w+/ },
'company.tags.@' => { max_length => 20 },
};
my $person = MyApp::Person->new;
unless ($person->validate_document($spec => $data)) {
warn $person->errors_to_string if $person->error_count;
}
1;
The ensure keyword (or ens) is used to convert a pre-existing method
into an auto-validating method. The auto-validating method will be
registered and function as if it was created using the method keyword.
The original pre-existing method will be overridden with a modified
version which performs the pre and/or post validation routines.
package MyApp::Person;
use Validation::Class;
sub register {
...
}
ensure register => {
input => ['name', '+email', 'username', '+password', '+password2'],
output => ['+id'], # optional output validation, dies on failure
};
package main;
my $person = MyApp::Person->new(params => $params);
if ($person->register) {
# handle the successful registration
}
1;
The ensure keyword takes two arguments, the name of the method to be
overridden and a hashref of required key/value pairs. The hashref may
have an input key (e.g. input, input_document, input_profile, or
input_method). The `input` key (specifically) must have a value which
must be either an arrayref of fields to be validated, or a scalar value
which matches (a validation profile or auto-validating method name).
The hashref may also have an output key (e.g. output, output_document,
output_profile, or output_method). The `output` key (specifically) must
have a value which must be either an arrayref of fields to be
validated, or a scalar value which matches (a validation profile or
auto-validating method name). Whether and what the method returns is
yours to decide. The method will return undefined if validation fails.
The ensure keyword wraps and functions much in the same way as the
method keyword.
The field keyword (or fld) registers a data validation rule for reuse
and validation in code. The field name should correspond with the
parameter name expected to be passed to your validation class or
validated against.
package MyApp::Person;
use Validation::Class;
field 'username' => {
required => 1,
min_length => 1,
max_length => 255
};
The field keyword takes two arguments, the field name and a hashref of
key/values pairs known as directives. For more information on
pre-defined directives, please review the "list of core directives".
The field keyword also creates accessors which provide easy access to
the field's corresponding parameter value(s). Accessors will be created
using the field's name as a label having any special characters
replaced with an underscore.
# accessor will be created as send_reminders
field 'send-reminders' => {
length => 1
};
Please note that prefixing field names with a double plus-symbol
instructs the register to merge your declaration with any pre-existing
declarations within the same scope (e.g. fields imported via loading
roles), whereas prefixing field names with a single plus-symbol
instructs the register to overwrite any pre-existing declarations.
package MyApp::Person;
use Validation::Class;
set role => 'MyApp::User';
# append existing field and overwrite directives
field '++email_address' => {
required => 1
};
# redefine existing field
field '+login' => {
required => 1
};
1;
The filter keyword (or flt) registers custom filters to be used in your
field definitions. It is a means of extending the pre-existing filters
declared by the "filters directive" before instantiation.
package MyApp::Person;
use Validate::Class;
filter 'flatten' => sub {
$_[0] =~ s/[\t\r\n]+/ /g;
return $_[0];
};
field 'biography' => {
filters => ['trim', 'strip', 'flatten']
};
1;
The filter keyword takes two arguments, the name of the filter and a
coderef which will be used to filter the value the associated field.
The coderef is passed the value of the field and that value MUST be
operated on directly. The coderef should also return the transformed
value.
The load keyword (or set), which can also be used as a class method,
provides options for extending the current class by declaring roles,
requirements, etc.
The process of applying roles, requirement, and other settings to the
current class mainly involves introspecting the namespace's methods and
merging relevant parts of the prototype configuration.
The `classes` (or class) option uses Module::Find to load all child
classes (in-all-subdirectories) for convenient access through the
"class" in Validation::Class::Prototype method, and when introspecting
a larger application. This option accepts an arrayref or single
argument.
package MyApp;
use Validation::Class;
load classes => ['MyApp::Domain1', 'MyApp::Domain2'];
package main;
my $app = MyApp->new;
my $person = $app->class('person'); # return a new MyApp::Person object
1;
package MyApp::User;
use Validate::Class;
load requirements => 'activate';
package MyApp::Person;
use Validation::Class;
load role => 'MyApp::User';
sub activate {}
1;
The `requirements` (or required) option is used to ensure that if/when
the class is used as a role the calling class has specific pre-existing
methods. This option accepts an arrayref or single argument.
package MyApp::User;
use Validate::Class;
load requirements => ['activate', 'deactivate'];
1;
package MyApp::Person;
use Validation::Class;
load role => 'MyApp::User';
1;
The `roles` (or role) option is used to load and inherit functionality
from other validation classes. These classes should be used and
thought-of as roles although they can also be fully-functioning
validation classes. This option accepts an arrayref or single argument.
package MyApp::Person;
use Validation::Class;
load roles => ['MyApp::User', 'MyApp::Visitor'];
1;
The message keyword (or msg) registers a class-level error message
template that will be used in place of the error message defined in the
corresponding directive class if defined. Error messages can also be
overridden at the individual field-level as well. See the
Validation::Class::Directive::Messages for instructions on how to
override error messages at the field-level.
package MyApp::Person;
use Validation::Class;
field email_address => {
required => 1,
min_length => 3,
messages => {
# field-level error message override
min_length => '%s is not even close to being a valid email address'
}
};
# class-level error message overrides
message required => '%s is needed to proceed';
message min_length => '%s needs more characters';
1;
The message keyword takes two arguments, the name of the directive
whose error message you wish to override and a string which will be
used to as a template which is feed to sprintf to format the message.
The method keyword (or mth) is used to register an auto-validating
method. Similar to method signatures, an auto-validating method can
leverage pre-existing validation rules and profiles to ensure a method
has the required pre/post-conditions and data necessary for execution.
package MyApp::Person;
use Validation::Class;
method 'register' => {
input => ['name', '+email', 'username', '+password', '+password2'],
output => ['+id'], # optional output validation, dies on failure
using => sub {
my ($self, @args) = @_;
# do something registrationy
$self->id(...); # set the ID field for output validation
return $self;
}
};
package main;
my $person = MyApp::Person->new(params => $params);
if ($person->register) {
# handle the successful registration
}
1;
The method keyword takes two arguments, the name of the method to be
created and a hashref of required key/value pairs. The hashref may have
a `using` key whose value is the coderef to be executed upon successful
validation. The `using` key is only optional when a pre-existing
subroutine has the same name or the method being declared prefixed with
a dash or dash-process-dash. The following are valid subroutine names
to be called by the method declaration in absence of a `using` key.
Please note, unlike the ensure keyword, any pre-existing subroutines
will not be wrapped-and-replaced and can be executed without validation
if called directly.
sub _name {
...
}
sub _process_name {
...
}
The hashref may have an input key (e.g. input, input_document,
input_profile, or input_method). The `input` key (specifically) must
have a value which must be either an arrayref of fields to be
validated, or a scalar value which matches (a validation profile or
auto-validating method name), which will be used to perform data
validation before the aforementioned coderef has been executed. Whether
and what the method returns is yours to decide. The method will return
undefined if validation fails.
# alternate usage
method 'registration' => {
input => ['name', '+email', 'username', '+password', '+password2'],
output => ['+id'], # optional output validation, dies on failure
};
sub _process_registration {
my ($self, @args) = @_;
$self->id(...); # set the ID field for output validation
return $self;
}
Optionally the hashref may also have an output key (e.g. output,
output_document, output_profile, or output_method). The `output` key
(specifically) must have a value which must be either an arrayref of
fields to be validated, or a scalar value which matches (a validation
profile or auto-validating method name), which will be used to perform
data validation after the aforementioned coderef has been executed.
Please note that output validation failure will cause the program to
die, the premise behind this decision is based on the assumption that
given successfully validated input a routine's output should be
predictable and if an error occurs it is most-likely a program error as
opposed to a user error.
See the ignore_failure and report_failure attributes on the prototype
to control how method validation failures are handled.
The mixin keyword (or mxn) registers a validation rule template that
can be applied (or "mixed-in") to any field by specifying the mixin
directive. Mixin directives are processed first so existing field
directives will override any directives created by the mixin directive.
package MyApp::Person;
use Validation::Class;
mixin 'boilerplate' => {
required => 1,
min_length => 1,
max_length => 255
};
field 'username' => {
# min_length, max_length, .. required will be overridden
mixin => 'boilerplate',
required => 0
};
Since version 7.900015, all classes are automatically configured with
the following default mixins for the sake of convenience:
mixin ':flg' => {
required => 1,
min_length => 1,
filters => [qw/trim strip numeric/],
between => [0, 1]
};
mixin ':num' => {
required => 1,
min_length => 1,
filters => [qw/trim strip numeric/]
};
mixin ':str' => {
required => 1,
min_length => 1,
filters => [qw/trim strip/]
};
Please note that the aforementioned mixin names are prefixed with a
semi-colon but are treated as an exception to the rule. Prefixing mixin
names with a double plus-symbol instructs the register to merge your
declaration with any pre-existing declarations within the same scope
(e.g. mixins imported via loading roles), whereas prefixing mixin names
with a single plus-symbol instructs the register to overwrite any
pre-existing declarations.
package MyApp::Moderator;
use Validation::Class;
set role => 'MyApp::Person';
# overwrite and append existing mixin
mixin '++boilerplate' => {
min_symbols => 1
};
# redefine existing mixin
mixin '+username' => {
required => 1
};
1;
The mixin keyword takes two arguments, the mixin name and a hashref of
key/values pairs known as directives.
The new method instantiates a new class object, it performs a series of
actions (magic) required for the class to function properly, and for
that reason, this method should never be overridden. Use the build
keyword for hooking into the instantiation process.
In the event a foreign (pre-existing) `new` method is detected, an
`initialize_validator` method will be injected into the class
containing the code (magic) necessary to normalize your environment.
package MyApp::Person;
use Validation::Class;
# hook
build sub {
my ($self, @args) = @_; # on instantiation
};
sub new {
# rolled my own
my $self = bless {}, shift;
# execute magic
$self->initialize_validator;
}
1;
The profile keyword (or pro) registers a validation profile (coderef)
which as in the traditional use of the term is a sequence of validation
routines that validates data relevant to a specific action.
package MyApp::Person;
use Validation::Class;
profile 'check_email' => sub {
my ($self, @args) = @_;
if ($self->email_exists) {
my $email = $self->fields->get('email');
$email->errors->add('Email already exists');
return 0;
}
return 1;
};
package main;
my $user = MyApp::Person->new(params => $params);
unless ($user->validate_profile('check_email')) {
# handle failures
}
1;
The profile keyword takes two arguments, a profile name and coderef
which will be used to execute a sequence of actions for validation
purposes.
The prototype method (or proto) returns an instance of the associated
class prototype. The class prototype is responsible for manipulating
and validating the data model (the class). It is not likely that you'll
need to access this method directly, see Validation::Class::Prototype.
package MyApp::Person;
use Validation::Class;
package main;
my $person = MyApp::Person->new;
my $prototype = $person->prototype;
1;
PROXY METHODS
Validation::Class mostly provides sugar functions for modeling your
data validation requirements. Each class you create is associated with
a prototype class which provides the data validation engine and keeps
your class namespace free from pollution, please see
Validation::Class::Prototype for more information on specific methods
and attributes. Validation::Class injects a few proxy methods into your
class which are basically aliases to the corresponding prototype class
methods, however it is possible to access the prototype directly using
the proto/prototype methods.
=proxy_method class
$self->class;
See "class" in Validation::Class::Prototype for full documentation.
=proxy_method clear_queue
$self->clear_queue;
See "clear_queue" in Validation::Class::Prototype for full
documentation.
=proxy_method error_count
$self->error_count;
See "error_count" in Validation::Class::Prototype for full
documentation.
=proxy_method error_fields
$self->error_fields;
See "error_fields" in Validation::Class::Prototype for full
documentation.
=proxy_method errors
$self->errors;
See "errors" in Validation::Class::Prototype for full documentation.
=proxy_method errors_to_string
$self->errors_to_string;
See "errors_to_string" in Validation::Class::Prototype for full
documentation.
=proxy_method get_errors
$self->get_errors;
See "get_errors" in Validation::Class::Prototype for full
documentation.
=proxy_method get_fields
$self->get_fields;
See "get_fields" in Validation::Class::Prototype for full
documentation.
=proxy_method get_hash
$self->get_hash;
See "get_hash" in Validation::Class::Prototype for full documentation.
=proxy_method get_params
$self->get_params;
See "get_params" in Validation::Class::Prototype for full
documentation.
=proxy_method get_values
$self->get_values;
See "get_values" in Validation::Class::Prototype for full
documentation.
=proxy_method fields
$self->fields;
See "fields" in Validation::Class::Prototype for full documentation.
=proxy_method filtering
$self->filtering;
See "filtering" in Validation::Class::Prototype for full documentation.
=proxy_method ignore_failure
$self->ignore_failure;
See "ignore_failure" in Validation::Class::Prototype for full
documentation.
=proxy_method ignore_intervention
$self->ignore_intervention;
See "ignore_intervention" in Validation::Class::Prototype for full
documentation.
=proxy_method ignore_unknown
$self->ignore_unknown;
See "ignore_unknown" in Validation::Class::Prototype for full
documentation.
=proxy_method is_valid
$self->is_valid;
See "is_valid" in Validation::Class::Prototype for full documentation.
=proxy_method param
$self->param;
See "param" in Validation::Class::Prototype for full documentation.
=proxy_method params
$self->params;
See "params" in Validation::Class::Prototype for full documentation.
=proxy_method plugin
$self->plugin;
See "plugin" in Validation::Class::Prototype for full documentation.
=proxy_method queue
$self->queue;
See "queue" in Validation::Class::Prototype for full documentation.
=proxy_method report_failure
$self->report_failure;
See "report_failure" in Validation::Class::Prototype for full
documentation.
=proxy_method report_unknown
$self->report_unknown;
See "report_unknown" in Validation::Class::Prototype for full
documentation.
=proxy_method reset_errors
$self->reset_errors;
See "reset_errors" in Validation::Class::Prototype for full
documentation.
=proxy_method reset_fields
$self->reset_fields;
See "reset_fields" in Validation::Class::Prototype for full
documentation.
=proxy_method reset_params
$self->reset_params;
See "reset_params" in Validation::Class::Prototype for full
documentation.
=proxy_method set_errors
$self->set_errors;
See "set_errors" in Validation::Class::Prototype for full
documentation.
=proxy_method set_fields
$self->set_fields;
See "set_fields" in Validation::Class::Prototype for full
documentation.
=proxy_method set_params
$self->set_params;
See "set_params" in Validation::Class::Prototype for full
documentation.
=proxy_method set_method
$self->set_method;
See "set_method" in Validation::Class::Prototype for full
documentation.
=proxy_method stash
$self->stash;
See "stash" in Validation::Class::Prototype for full documentation.
=proxy_method validate
$self->validate;
See "validate" in Validation::Class::Prototype for full documentation.
=proxy_method validate_document
$self->validate_document;
See "validate_document" in Validation::Class::Prototype for full
documentation.
=proxy_method validate_method
$self->validate_method;
See "validate_method" in Validation::Class::Prototype for full
documentation.
=proxy_method validate_profile
$self->validate_profile;
See "validate_profile" in Validation::Class::Prototype for full
documentation.
EXTENSIBILITY
Validation::Class does NOT provide method modifiers but can be easily
extended with Class::Method::Modifiers.
before
before foo => sub { ... };
See "before method(s) => sub { ... }" in Class::Method::Modifiers for
full documentation.
around
around foo => sub { ... };
See "around method(s) => sub { ... }" in Class::Method::Modifiers for
full documentation.
after
after foo => sub { ... };
See "after method(s) => sub { ... }" in Class::Method::Modifiers for
full documentation.
SEE ALSO
Validation::Class does not validate blessed objects. If you need a
means for validating object types you should use a modern object system
like Moo, Mouse, or Moose. Alternatively, you could use decoupled
object validators like Type::Tiny, Params::Validate or Specio.
POD ERRORS
Hey! The above document had some coding errors, which are explained
below:
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Unknown directive: =keyword
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Unknown directive: =keyword
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Unknown directive: =keyword
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=back without =over